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Towards a Middle East at Peace: Hidden Issues in Arab–Israeli Hydropolitics
Water Resources Development, Vol. 20, No. 2, 193–204, June 2004 Towards a Middle East at Peace: Hidden Issues in Arab–Israeli Hydropolitics ARNON MEDZINI* & AARON T. WOLF** *Department of Geography, Oranim School of Education, Tivon, Israel **Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA ABSTRACT When peace negotiations do one day resume between Israelis and Arabs, shared water resources will again take centre stage, acting both as an irritant between the parties, and as a tremendous inducement to reach agreement. The ‘hidden’ hydropo- litical issues that will need to be resolved between Israel, Lebanon and Syria in the course of eventual boundary talks are considered. Two of these issues, the village of Ghajar and its relation to the Wazani Springs, and the possibility of groundwater flow from the Litani to the Jordan headwaters, change the fundamental understanding of the relation- ship between hydrologic and political claims, and could threaten the entire approach to water negotiations both between Israel and Syria and between Israel and Lebanon. Fortunately, other agreements within the basin can inform the path solutions here might take. The most critical step towards conflict resolution is separating the concepts of territorial sovereignty from water security. This can be done most effectively by offering joint management, monitoring and enforcement strategies, as well as encouraging greater transparency in water data across boundaries. Introduction Despite the current deadly, and apparently intractable, conflict between Israelis and Arabs, history suggests that peace negotiations will one day resume. When they do, shared water resources will again take centre stage, acting both as an irritant between the parties, and as a tremendous inducement to reach agree- ment. -
Good News & Information Sites
Written Testimony of Zionist Organization of America (ZOA) National President Morton A. Klein1 Hearing on: A NEW HORIZON IN U.S.-ISRAEL RELATIONS: FROM AN AMERICAN EMBASSY IN JERUSALEM TO POTENTIAL RECOGNITION OF ISRAELI SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE GOLAN HEIGHTS Before the House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Subcommittee on National Security Tuesday July 17, 2018, 10:00 a.m. Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2154 Chairman Ron DeSantis (R-FL) Ranking Member Stephen Lynch (D-MA) Introduction & Summary Chairman DeSantis, Vice Chairman Russell, Ranking Member Lynch, and Members of the Committee: Thank you for holding this hearing to discuss the potential for American recognition of Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights, in furtherance of U.S. national security interests. Israeli sovereignty over the western two-thirds of the Golan Heights is a key bulwark against radical regimes and affiliates that threaten the security and stability of the United States, Israel, the entire Middle East region, and beyond. The Golan Heights consists of strategically-located high ground, that provides Israel with an irreplaceable ability to monitor and take counter-measures against growing threats at and near the Syrian-Israel border. These growing threats include the extremely dangerous hegemonic expansion of the Iranian-Syrian-North Korean axis; and the presence in Syria, close to the Israeli border, of: Iranian Revolutionary Guard and Quds forces; thousands of Iranian-armed Hezbollah fighters; Palestinian Islamic Jihad (another Iranian proxy); Syrian forces; and radical Sunni Islamist groups including the al Nusra Levantine Conquest Front (an incarnation of al Qaeda) and ISIS. The Iranian regime is attempting to build an 800-mile land bridge to the Mediterranean, running through Iraq and Syria. -
Experience-Israel-Tour-Brochure
EXPERIENCE ISRaEL Friday, March 4 We board our early morning flight to Israel. Saturday, March 5 After arriving at Ben Gurion Airport in the late afternoon, we’ll go to our Tel Aviv hotel to rest up for the tremendous things Yeshua is going to show us on our amazing journey throughout the Land of Israel. Overnight: Tel Aviv Sunday, March 6 Our amazing journey in God’s Land starts with a visit to Independence Hall, where we will see fulfilled prophecies and hear a recording of David Ben Gurion proclaiming Israel’s independence. Our next stop will be the old city of Jaffa for the sites and a study of the Scriptures. Our last stop will be at the Beit Lid junction, where 22 people (21 of them IDF soldiers) were killed by a suicide bomber in 1995. We will hear a personal account from Moran Rosenblit and then continue to our hotel in the city of Haifa. Overnight: Haifa Monday, March 7 We start our day with a visit to Atlit, a temporary holding facility for thousands of “illegal” Jewish immigrants from 1939 – 1948. Afterward, we will continue our day with a visit to Caesarea Maritima, the ancient capital of Roman Judea, where we will see and learn about the many important biblical events that took place there. We then will drive up the Carmel Mountain to visit the Muhraka, where Elijah defeated the prophets of Baal, to have an in-depth Bible study. Our day will end at the Druze village of Daliat El Carmel, where we will meet a local family whose son was killed by a suicide bomber. -
Ancient Seafaring on the Sea of Galilee INANEWSLETTER~ Volume 18, No
Ancient Seafaring on the Sea of Galilee INANEWSLETTER~ Volume 18, No. 3 Fall 1991 MEMBERSHIP Institute of Nautical Archaeology PO Drawer HG College Station, TX 77841-5137 3 Profile: Ray H. Siegfried, II Contents Hear firsthand of our latest discov eries in nautical archaeology. Mem 4 Ancient Seafaring on the bers receive the INA Newsletter, Sea of Galilee scientific reports, and book dis Shelley Wachsmann counts. Regular . $25 10 Pantelleria: A Source for Knowledge of Ancient Sea Trade Contributor . $50 Marco Chioffi Supporter . $100 13 Review: The Athlit Ram Life . $500 Cheryl Haldane Benefactor .... $1000 14 Report from the l.a.boratory: Student/Retired . $15 Recovery of a Lock from Port Royal C. Wayne Smith Checks should be made payable to INA. 16 News & Notes All anicli!!s and illustrations in thi!! INA Newsletter, with thi!! aci!!ption of thosl!! indicald as ucupts, condl!!nsations, or reprints taJ:i!!nfrom copyrighud sourcl!!s, may bl!! rl!!printi!!d in full or in part withoutfunhi!!r pumission simply by crediting thi!! INA Newsletter and thi!! author, photographi!!r, or artist as thi!! sourcl!!. Also, copii!!s of thi!! publication should bi!! sent to the Institute of Nautical Archaeology. The INA Newsletter is pubI ished quarterly. Editor: Margaret Lynch On the cover: The Galilee Boar rests in a conservation pool after the rerrwval of a polyurethane protective covering. The boar is now undergoing a lengthy conservation process in which the hull will be stabilized with polyethylene glycol, a synthetic wax. lWaen the process has been completed, it will be possible to exhibit the hull in a controlled museum environment. -
Storms on the Sea of Galilee Help Us Fresh-Water Lake, Making It Ideal for Better Understand and Appreciate What Those Involved in the Fishing Industry
TGP: Matthew 15:22-36 STORMSon the Sea of Galilee Looking westward across the Sea of Galilee from Hippos. BY G. AL WRIGHT, JR. Galilee. How does knowing about the Many varieties of fish live in the storms on the Sea of Galilee help us fresh-water lake, making it ideal for better understand and appreciate what those involved in the fishing industry. VERYBODY TALKS ABOUT we read in the New Testament? A person can stand anywhere the weather. Even when we meet along the shore and see the expanse someone for the first time, we Geographical Features of the lake, which is defined by the tend to talk about the weather. Located at the northern end of the mountains that surround it. The EThis article is about the weather. It Jordan River Valley, the Sea of Galilee mountains differ in height reaching is about one kind of weather. It is is 680 feet below sea level; measuring over 2,000 feet above sea level on the about one kind of weather in a par- 13 by 7 1/2 miles at its widest points, it eastern side of the sea at the Golan ILLUSTRATOR PHOTO/ BRENT BRUCE (60/9593) ILLUSTRATOR ticular location—storms on the Sea of covers approximately 64 square miles. Heights. With its green and blue hues, LIFEWAY.COM/BIBLICAL ILLUSTRATOR 79 the lake is beautiful to behold from in a physical sense and then simply have no end. James 1:6 uses the any vantage point. The ancient rabbis cite the reference for the symbolic term symbolically and translates it said, “Although God has created seven usage. -
Windows Into the Bible Cultural & Historical Insights from the Bible for Modern Readers
WINDOWS INTO THE BIBLE CULTURAL & HISTORICAL INSIGHTS FROM THE BIBLE FOR MODERN READERS MARC TURNAGE FOREWORD BY GREG SURRATT COFOUNDER & PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION OF RELATED CHURCHES AND BESTSELLING AUTHOR OF IRREVREND WINDOWS INTO THE BIBLE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL INSIGHTS FROM THE BIBLE FOR MODERN READERS MARC TURNAGE Copyright © 2016 by Marc Turnage ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Portions of this work were previously copyrighted in A Pilgrim’s Journey and in articles in The Enrichment Journal. Published by Logion Press 1445 N. Boonville Ave. Springfield, Missouri 65802 No portion of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Cover design by PlainJoe Studios (www.plainjoestudios.com) Interior formatting by Prodigy Pixel (www.prodigypixel.com) Unless otherwise specified, all Scripture quotations are the author’s own translation. Scripture quotations marked niv are taken from the Holy Bible, New Interna- tional Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. ™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide.www.zondervan.com. The “NIV” and “New International Version” are trademarks registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Biblica, Inc.™ Scripture quotations marked nrsv are from the NEW REVISED STANDARD VERSION of the Bible. © 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-1-60731-418-9 19 18 17 16 • 1 2 3 4 5 Printed in the United States of America 1 THE LAND BETWEEN mong the sacred writings of the world’s religions, the Bible alone presents a message tied to geography. -
Mapping Peace Between Syria and Israel
UNiteD StateS iNStitUte of peaCe www.usip.org SpeCial REPORT 1200 17th Street NW • Washington, DC 20036 • 202.457.1700 • fax 202.429.6063 ABOUT THE REPO R T Frederic C. Hof Commissioned in mid-2008 by the United States Institute of Peace’s Center for Mediation and Conflict Resolution, this report builds upon two previous groundbreaking works by the author that deal with the obstacles to Syrian- Israeli peace and propose potential ways around them: a 1999 Middle East Insight monograph that defined the Mapping peace between phrase “line of June 4, 1967” in its Israeli-Syrian context, and a 2002 Israel-Syria “Treaty of Peace” drafted for the International Crisis Group. Both works are published Syria and israel online at www.usip.org as companion pieces to this report and expand upon a concept first broached by the author in his 1999 monograph: a Jordan Valley–Golan Heights Environmental Preserve under Syrian sovereignty that Summary would protect key water resources and facilitate Syrian- • Syrian-Israeli “proximity” peace talks orchestrated by Turkey in 2008 revived a Israeli people-to-people contacts. long-dormant track of the Arab-Israeli peace process. Although the talks were sus- Frederic C. Hof is the CEO of AALC, Ltd., an Arlington, pended because of Israeli military operations in the Gaza Strip, Israeli-Syrian peace Virginia, international business consulting firm. He directed might well facilitate a Palestinian state at peace with Israel. the field operations of the Sharm El-Sheikh (Mitchell) Fact- Finding Committee in 2001. • Syria’s “bottom line” for peace with Israel is the return of all the land seized from it by Israel in June 1967. -
Israel- Language and Culture.Pdf
Study Guide Israel: Country and Culture Introduction Israel is a republic on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea that borders Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt. A Jewish nation among Arab and Christian neighbors, Israel is a cultural melting pot that reflects the many immigrants who founded it. Population: 8,002,300 people Capital: Jerusalem Languages: Hebrew and Arabic Flag of Israel Currency: Israeli New Sheckel History Long considered a homeland by various names—Canaan, Judea, Palestine, and Israel—for Jews, Arabs, and Christians, Great Britain was given control of the territory in 1922 to establish a national home for the Jewish people. Thousands of Jews immigrated there between 1920 and 1930 and laid the foundation for communities of cooperative villages known as “kibbutzim.” A kibbutz is a cooperative village or community, where all property is collectively owned and all members contribute labor to the group. Members work according to their capacity and receive food, clothing, housing, medical services, and other domestic services in exchange. Dining rooms, kitchens, and stores are central, and schools and children’s dormitories are communal. Assemblies elected by a vote of the membership govern each village, and the communal wealth of each village is earned through agricultural, entrepreneurial, or industrial means. The first kibbutz was founded on the bank of the Jordan River in 1909. This type of community was necessary for the early Jewish immigrants to Palestine. By living and working collectively, they were able to build homes and establish systems to irrigate and farm the barren desert land. At the beginning of the 1930s a large influx of Jewish immigrants came to Palestine from Germany because of the onset of World War II. -
Fish Exploitation at the Sea of Galilee (Israel) by Early Fisher
FISH EXPLOITATION AT THE SEA OF GALILEE (ISRAEL) BY EARLY FISHER- HUNTER-GATHERERS (23,000 B.P.): ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Irit Zohar SUBMITTED TO THE SENATE OF TEL-AVIV UNIVERSITY November, 2003 FISH EXPLOITATION AT THE SEA OF GALILEE (ISRAEL) BY EARLY FISHER- HUNTER-GATHERERS (23,000 B.P.): ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Irit Zohar SUBMITTED TO THE SENATE OF TEL-AVIV UNIVERSITY November, 2003 This work was carried out under the supervision of Prof. Tamar Dayan and Prof. Israel Hershkovitz Copyright © 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND STATEMENT OF PURPOSE 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Cultural setting 2 1.3 Environmental setting 4 1.4 Outline of research objectives 5 CHAPTER 2: FISH TAPHONOMY 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 Naturally deposited fish 7 2.3 Culturally deposited fish 9 CHAPTER 3: SITE SELECTION AND FIELD TECHNIQUES 11 3.1. The archaeological site of Ohalo-II 11 3.2. Fish natural accumulation 13 3.3 Ethnographic study of fish procurement methods 14 CHAPTER 4: METHODS 18 4.1 Recovery bias 18 4.2 Sampling bias 18 4.3 Identification of fish remains 19 4.4 Fish osteological characteristics 20 4.5 Quantification analysis 20 4.5.1 Taxonomic composition and diversity 21 4.5.2 Body part frequency 22 4.5.3 Survival index (SI) 22 4.5.4 Fragmentation index 23 4.5.5 WMI of fragmentation 24 4.5.6 Fish exploitation index 24 4.5.7 Bone modification 25 4.5.8 Bone spatial distribution 26 Page 4.5.9 Analytic calculations 26 4.6 Osteological measurements 29 4.6.1 Body mass estimation 29 4.6.2 Vertebrae diameter 31 CHAPTER 5: FISH REMAINS RECOVERED AT OHALO-II 32 5.1. -
Reconstructing Ovicaprid Herding Pattern in Anatolian and Mesopotamian Settlements During the Bronze Age
Eurasian Journal of Anthropology Euras J Anthropol 4(1):23−35, 2013 Reconstructing ovicaprid herding pattern in Anatolian and Mesopotamian settlements during the Bronze Age Lubna Omar∗, A. Cem Erkman Department of Anthropology, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey Received July 12, 2013 Accepted December 30, 2013 Abstract This study focuses on examining caprine herding strategies during Early and Middle Bronze periods, throughout the analysis of the faunal materials that belong to Anatolian and upper Mesopotamian sites. The main argument of this paper is assessing the role of both environmental factors and socio-economic strategies in the development of caprine herding patterns. The zooarchaeological research methods which were applied on several faunal assemblages assisted us in evaluating the frequency of herded species in each settlement, the distribution of age groups and the variation of animal’s size. While conducting a comparative study among several archaeological sites situated in two distinctive geographical regions, will give us the chance to illustrate if environmental or socio-economic factors lead to the adaptation of certain herding patterns. Consequently we will able to shed new light on the developments of early urban societies. Keywords: Zooarchaeology, animal economy, Bronze Age, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, early urbanism Introduction Bronze Age era marks the beginning of the historical periods as human communities altered their subsistence strategies toward specialized economical system that paved the way for the raise of urbanism. Therefore, the study of the economic activities of various Bronze Age settlements located in the Anatolian plateau all the way to the southern Mesopotamian valley, will provide us with an exceptional opportunity to evaluate the background and the and fundamental elements of the early urban organizations. -
Israel 2019 Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS National Review ISRAEL 2019 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS National Review ISRAEL 2019 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments are due to representatives of government ministries and agencies as well as many others from a variety of organizations, for their essential contributions to each chapter of this book. Many of these bodies are specifically cited within the relevant parts of this report. The inter-ministerial task force under the guidance of Ambassador Yacov Hadas-Handelsman, Israel’s Special Envoy for Sustainability and Climate Change of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Galit Cohen, Senior Deputy Director General for Planning, Policy and Strategy of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, provided invaluable input and support throughout the process. Special thanks are due to Tzruya Calvão Chebach of Mentes Visíveis, Beth-Eden Kite of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Amit Yagur-Kroll of the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, Ayelet Rosen of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Shoshana Gabbay for compiling and editing this report and to Ziv Rotshtein of the Ministry of Environmental Protection for editorial assistance. 3 FOREWORD The international community is at a crossroads of countries. Moreover, our experience in overcoming historical proportions. The world is experiencing resource scarcity is becoming more relevant to an extreme challenges, not only climate change, but ever-increasing circle of climate change affected many social and economic upheavals to which only areas of the world. Our cooperation with countries ambitious and concerted efforts by all countries worldwide is given broad expression in our VNR, can provide appropriate responses. The vision is much of it carried out by Israel’s International clear. -
Biblical World
MAPS of the PAUL’SBIBLICAL MISSIONARY JOURNEYS WORLD MILAN VENICE ZAGREB ROMANIA BOSNA & BELGRADE BUCHAREST HERZEGOVINA CROATIA SAARAJEVO PISA SERBIA ANCONA ITALY Adriatic SeaMONTENEGRO PRISTINA Black Sea PODGORICA BULGARIA PESCARA KOSOVA SOFIA ROME SINOP SKOPJE Sinope EDIRNE Amastris Three Taverns FOGGIA MACEDONIA PONTUS SAMSUN Forum of Appius TIRANA Philippi ISTANBUL Amisos Neapolis TEKIRDAG AMASYA NAPLES Amphipolis Byzantium Hattusa Tyrrhenian Sea Thessalonica Amaseia ORDU Puteoli TARANTO Nicomedia SORRENTO Pella Apollonia Marmara Sea ALBANIA Nicaea Tavium BRINDISI Beroea Kyzikos SAPRI CANAKKALE BITHYNIA ANKARA Troy BURSA Troas MYSIA Dorylaion Gordion Larissa Aegean Sea Hadrianuthera Assos Pessinous T U R K E Y Adramytteum Cotiaeum GALATIA GREECE Mytilene Pergamon Aizanoi CATANZARO Thyatira CAPPADOCIA IZMIR ASIA PHRYGIA Prymnessus Delphi Chios Smyrna Philadelphia Mazaka Sardis PALERMO Ionian Sea Athens Antioch Pisidia MESSINA Nysa Hierapolis Rhegium Corinth Ephesus Apamea KONYA COMMOGENE Laodicea TRAPANI Olympia Mycenae Samos Tralles Iconium Aphrodisias Arsameia Epidaurus Sounion Colossae CATANIA Miletus Lystra Patmos CARIA SICILY Derbe ADANA GAZIANTEP Siracuse Sparta Halicarnassus ANTALYA Perge Tarsus Cnidus Cos LYCIA Attalia Side CILICIA Soli Korakesion Korykos Antioch Patara Mira Seleucia Rhodes Seleucia Malta Anemurion Pieria CRETE MALTA Knosos CYPRUS Salamis TUNISIA Fair Haven Paphos Kition Amathous SYRIA Kourion BEIRUT LEBANON PAUL’S MISSIONARY JOURNEYS DAMASCUS Prepared by Mediterranean Sea Sidon FIRST JOURNEY : Nazareth SECOND