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Species Report Rhopilema Nomadica (Nomad Jellyfish)

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Species Report Rhopilema Nomadica (Nomad Jellyfish) Mediterranean invasive species factsheet www.iucn-medmis.org Species report Rhopilema nomadica (Nomad jellyfish) AFFILIATION CNIDARIANS SCIENTIFIC NAME AND COMMON NAME REPORTS Rhopilema nomadica 18 Key Identifying Features This solid, large jellyfish is light blue in colour with tiny granules on the bell. The bell of this jellyfish can range from 10 to 90 cm in diameter, usually 40–60 cm, and the whole animal can weigh 40 kg. Hanging from the centre are eight large mouth-arms divided at mid-length into two ramifications with numerous long filaments. 2013-2021 © IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation. More info: www.iucn-medmis.org Pag. 1/5 Mediterranean invasive species factsheet www.iucn-medmis.org Identification and Habitat This species can form dense aggregations in coastal areas during summer months, although it can also appear all year round. Reproduction Its life cycle involves a small (usually < 2 mm) benthic polyp stage that reproduces asexually, and a large swimming medusa stage that reproduces sexually. Spawning usually occurs in July and August. Similar Species The most similar jellyfish is the native Mediterranean Rhizostoma pulmo. It differs from Rhopilema nomadica in its smooth bell surface and a dark purple band around its undulated margin. It has four pairs of very large mouth arms on its under surface but no tentacles. Another common native species is Pelagia noctiluca. It is much smaller and mushroom-shaped, with a bell up to 10 cm in diameter. The medusa varies from pale red to mauve-brown or purple in colour and the bell surface is covered in pink granules. It has eight tentacles, pink in colour. The mouth arms can be 5 times the bell height. Other species that look similar 2013-2021 © IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation. More info: www.iucn-medmis.org Pag. 2/5 Mediterranean invasive species factsheet www.iucn-medmis.org Economic Impacts This jellyfish can inflict painful injuries to bathers and affect coastal tourism. Furthermore, large swarms can clog fishing nets, consequently reducing catches, and block cooling water intakes of coastal industrial facilities and desalination plants. Management Options Eradication may be impossible in practice. Public awareness campaigns to alert authorities, first-aid workers and the general public might prevent injuries caused by this species. Further Reading Deidun A., Arrigo S., Piraino, S. 2011. The westernmost record of Rhopilema nomadica (Galil, 1990) in the Mediterranean – off the Maltese Islands. Aquatic Invasions Vol 6, Supplement 1: S99–S103. http://www.europe-aliens.org/pdf/Rhopilema_nomadica.pdf History and Route of Introduction Originally from East Africa and the Red Sea, R. nomadica entered the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, and spread with the currents along the Mediterranean coasts. Since the mid-1980s large swarms of this species have appeared along the coasts of the Levant every year, from Egypt to Turkey. Ecological Impacts The nomad jellyfish is a voracious predator that consumes vast amounts of shrimp, mollusc and fish larvae, and can cause major trophic cascades in the marine food web, with a resulting impact on biodiversity. 2013-2021 © IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation. More info: www.iucn-medmis.org Pag. 3/5 Mediterranean invasive species factsheet www.iucn-medmis.org Map of sightings of the species Rhopilema nomadica (Nomad jellyfish) Legend Algae Angiosperm Cnidarians Centre for Mediterranean Molluscs Crustaceans Ascidians Cooperation Combjellies / Fishes Ctenophores More Information: Guide and reports platform for Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the Mediterranean. www.iucn-medmis.org 2013-2021 © IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation. More info: www.iucn-medmis.org Pag. 4/5 Mediterranean invasive species factsheet www.iucn-medmis.org MPAs, Country Date Density Measure Hof Dor and Ma'Agan Michael Islands, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Shiqma, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Shiqmona, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Rosh Hanikra islands, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Yam Dor Habonim, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Rosh Hanikra - Akhziv, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Yam Gador, Israel Before 2013 -- -- Yam Evtah, Israel Before 2013 -- -- -- 26/06/2015 -- -- -- 26/06/2015 -- -- -- 26/06/2015 -- -- -- 26/06/2015 -- -- Ashtum El-Gamel, Egypt 26/06/2015 -- -- -- 26/06/2016 -- -- Isole Egadi, Italy 26/06/2016 -- -- Cape Greco, Cyprus 24/02/2017 -- -- -- 26/07/2017 -- -- -- 15/01/2018 -- -- How to cite this tab: Rhopilema nomadica - Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet for Mediterranean Network of MPAs. From Online Database MedMIS (IUCN Center for Mediterranean Cooperation, Download date 02/10/2021. More information about this species from: Otero, M., Cebrian, E., Francour, P., Galil, B., Savini, D. 2013. Monitoring Marine Invasive Species in Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas (MPAs): A strategy and practical guide for managers. Malaga, Spain: IUCN. 136 pages www.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2013-008-Es.pdf . Funded by: This collaborative effort is supported by:.
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