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46892 Esia Alibunar SIA for the Alibunar wind-farm project ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE ALIBUNAR WIND-FARM PROJECT Prepared for: Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Serbia Prepared by: Biotope April 2013 Environmental And Social Impact Assessment of the Alibunar Wind-Farm Project, Biotope 2013 Page 1 TITLE PAGE Project Title: Alibunar wind-farm project- Serbia Contract UG 10-12 Document Title: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the Alibunar wind-farm project- Serbia Prepared by: Biotope Date Prepared: February 2013 Principal authors: Jean-Yves Kernel, Yves Bas, Delphine Morin, Marko Janković B&V Project Manager: Jean-Yves Kernel Environmental And Social Impact Assessment of the Alibunar Wind-Farm Project, Biotope 2013 Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents TITLE PAGE .................................................................................................................................................... 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................................. 6 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................... 9 1.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 9 1.2. Need for the project ................................................................................................................................ 12 1.4. Methodology for the ESIA ....................................................................................................................... 12 1.5. Organization of this Report ..................................................................................................................... 18 2. LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................ 19 2.1. National administrative and legal framework ......................................................................................... 19 2.1.1. General framework ......................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.2. Environmental framework ............................................................................................................... 20 2.1.3. Land use and labor laws applicable to the project ........................................................................... 26 2.1.4. Legal framework for the development of wind energy production .................................................. 27 2.2. International requirements ..................................................................................................................... 28 2.2.1. Requirements of International Finance Institutions ......................................................................... 28 2.2.2. International conventions and agreements ..................................................................................... 28 3. PROPOSED PROJECT ................................................................................................................................ 30 3.1. Information on the project developer ...................................................................................................... 30 3.2. Information on the author of the ESIA report .......................................................................................... 31 3.3. Presentation of the project ...................................................................................................................... 31 3.3.1. Location of the site .......................................................................................................................... 33 3.3.2. Spatial planning on the project site ................................................................................................. 34 3.3.3. Proposed means of connection to existing infrastructure ............................................................... 35 3.4. Description of the main alternatives studied by the developer ................................................................ 36 3.5. Description of the project components .................................................................................................... 37 3.5.1 Wind turbines ................................................................................................................................... 37 3.5.2. Transformer station ......................................................................................................................... 40 3.5.3. Power line ....................................................................................................................................... 42 3.6. Construction process ............................................................................................................................... 44 3.6.1. Wind turbines platforms.................................................................................................................. 44 3.6.2. Foundations of the wind turbines .................................................................................................... 45 Metal casing of the foundation ................................................................................................................. 45 Pouring the concrete in the foundation .................................................................................................... 45 Finalized foundation .................................................................................................................................. 45 Environmental And Social Impact Assessment of the Alibunar Wind-Farm Project, Biotope 2013 Page 3 3.6.3. Construction of the tower ............................................................................................................... 46 3.6.4. Access roads to the project site ....................................................................................................... 47 3.6.6. Construction of the transmission power line ................................................................................... 48 Substation ................................................................................................................................................. 50 Schedule for wind farm construction and operation ................................................................................. 51 Construction management ........................................................................................................................ 52 3.7. Operation ................................................................................................................................................ 53 3.7.1. Electricity production ...................................................................................................................... 53 3.7.2. Waste and chemicals ....................................................................................................................... 53 3.7.3. Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 53 3.8. Decommissioning activities ..................................................................................................................... 53 3.8.1. Recycling ......................................................................................................................................... 53 3.8.2. Disposal ........................................................................................................................................... 54 4. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS ............................................................ 55 4.1. Environmental Baseline ........................................................................................................................... 55 4.1.1. Meteorology and Climate ................................................................................................................ 55 4.1.2. Natural protected areas .................................................................................................................. 58 4.1.3. Geology/geomorphology ................................................................................................................. 60 4.1.4. Hydrology/Hydrogeology ................................................................................................................. 62 4.1.5. Seismology ...................................................................................................................................... 65 4.1.6. Waste Management ....................................................................................................................... 66 4.1.7. Noise level ....................................................................................................................................... 67 4.1.8. Other environmental pollution ........................................................................................................ 69 4.1.9. Birds ...............................................................................................................................................
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