New Britain II 2016
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Predictable Evolution Toward Flightlessness in Volant Island Birds
Predictable evolution toward flightlessness in volant island birds Natalie A. Wrighta,b,1, David W. Steadmanc, and Christopher C. Witta aDepartment of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001; bDivision of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812; and cFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800 Edited by James A. Estes, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, and approved March 9, 2016 (received for review November 19, 2015) Birds are prolific colonists of islands, where they readily evolve distinct predators (18). Alternatively, flightlessness may represent an ex- forms. Identifying predictable, directional patterns of evolutionary treme state of a continuum of morphological variation that reflects change in island birds, however, has proved challenging. The “island locomotory requirements for survival and reproduction. Across a rule” predicts that island species evolve toward intermediate sizes, but continuum of insularity, from continents to small islands, biotic its general applicability to birds is questionable. However, convergent communities exhibit gradients of species diversity (21) and corre- evolution has clearly occurred in the island bird lineages that have sponding ecological pressures (22). If flightlessness is illustrative of undergone transitions to secondary flightlessness, a process involving island bird evolution in general, reductions in predation pressure drastic reduction of the flight muscles and enlargement of the hin- associated with increased insularity should trigger incremental shifts dlimbs. Here, we investigated whether volant island bird populations in energy allocation from the forelimbs to the hindlimbs. Accord- tend to change shape in a way that converges subtly on the flightless ingly, we hypothesize that volant island birds, even those unlikely to form. -
S U S T a I N a B I L I T Y R E P O
A Sime Darby Plantation Company www.nbpol.com.pg 20 18 /19 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT CONTENTS About this report 2 CEO’s welcome 4 2018-2019 highlights 6 Targets and progress 7 About New Britain Palm Oil Ltd 8 Overview 8 NBPOL at a glance 10 Leading research and development in Papua New Guinea 12 Our approach to sustainability 15 Certification 16 Sustainability management 18 Stakeholder engagement 20 Grievances 24 Environmental protection and conservation 25 Protecting forests and biodiversity 25 Fire monitoring and management 37 Reducing our carbon footprint 38 Chemical and pest management 42 Water management and protection 45 Partnership with people 49 Tackling the threat of COVID-19 49 Aligning with community needs 52 Putting our employees first 60 Stakeholder engagement table 68 Base data 71 GRI Content Index 77 Glossary 86 Contact IBC New Britain Palm Oil Limited 1 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2018/19 About this report Report cycle and completeness company’s downstream business, Sime Darby Oils. This is New Britain Palm Oil Ltd.’s (NBPOL) seventh Ownership of our two previously-owned refineries has biennial sustainability report covering the calendar also been transferred to Sime Darby Oils, although we years 2018 and 2019. Data is as of 31 December do provide operational services for the refinery in West 2019, unless otherwise stated, and we have New Britain. We no longer cover these operations provided historical information where available. within the scope of our reporting. We have included key developments from 2020, where relevant, including COVID-19-related impacts Materiality, stakeholder inclusiveness and and measures. sustainability context We have determined material aspects for this report Scope and boundaries through ongoing discussions with a wide range This report covers impacts within the organisational of stakeholders: from local site-level engagement boundaries of our upstream operations and to international engagement by way of multi- material aspects for our independent smallholders stakeholder initiatives and other partnerships. -
Lesser Sundas Report 2008
Lesser Sundas, Indonesia (Bali, Sumba, Timor, Flores and Komodo) 25th July – 12th August 2010 Leader: James Eaton Participants: Stefan Andersson, David Fisher, Simon Gawn, Lars Pettersen, Allan Richards, Richard Rowland, Jonas Starck Little Sumba Boobook, Sumba © James Eaton / Birdtour Asia The seldom-visited islands of the Lesser Sundas might produce a relatively small trip list of 246 species inside three weeks but this includes an impressive 68 endemics by exploring just four islands. Kicking off on Sumba we found all 12 island endemics with ease including both endemic boobooks, numerous Sumba Cockatoo and also Elegant Pitta and Chestnut-backed Thrush. Though many of Timor's endemics aren't quite so gaudy, Black-banded Flycatcher, Iris Lorikeet, Orange-banded Thrush and Timor Sparrow were all greatly admired. The long island of Flores proved the most exciting as Flores Monarch, Bare-throated Whistler, White-rumped Kingfisher and especially Flores Hawk Eagle showed exceptionally. The finale – a day trip to Komodo – lived up to expectations with a huge Komodo Dragon bounding towards us while Yellow-crested Cockatoo's screeched overhead. Elegant Pitta, Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher, Chestnut- backed and Chestnut-capped Thrushes and Black-backed Fruit Dove were just some of the other headliners. On top of all this, fine weather, tasty food and some interesting cultural diversions all added this to wonderful tour. As usual there were some twists to the tours, our first beginning immediately as our scheduled Merpati ‘Get the Feeling’ flight to Sumba was cancelled. Fortunately an earlier flight was available for us, although it meant our only birding on Bali was restricted to the hotel gardens and a small group of Java Sparrow, here relatively secure from the intense trapping for the cage-bird trade that has blighted the species throughout its native range. -
Papua New Guinea Ii
The Greater Bird-of-paradise display we witnessed at the km 17 lek in Kiunga was truly unforgettable. PAPUA NEW GUINEA II 12– 28 August / 1 September 2016 LEADER: DANI LOPEZ VELASCO Our second tour to Papua New Guinea – including New Britain - in 2016 was a great success and delivered an unprecedented number of high quality birds. A total of 21 species of Birds-of-paradise (BoPs), - undoubtedly one of the most extraordinary, and “out of this world” bird families in the world, were recorded, perhaps most memorable being a superb male Blue BoP, scoped at close range near Kumul for as long as we wished and showing one of the most vivid blue colours in the animal world. Just as impressive though were spectacular performances by displaying Raggiana and Greater BoPs in excellent light, with up to 8 males lekking at a time, a stunning male King BoP and two displaying males Twelve-wired BoPs at the Elevala River, a cracking adult male Magnificent BoP in the scope for hours at Tabubil, several amazing King-of-Saxony BoPs, waving their incredible head plumes like some strange insect antennae in the mossy forest of Tari Valley, great sightings of both Princess Stephanie´s and Ribbon-tailed Astrapias with their ridiculously long tail feathers, superb scope studies of Black and Brown Sicklebills uttering their machine-gun like calls, and so on. While Birds-of-paradise are certainly the signature family in PNG, there is of course 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Papua New Guinea II www.birdquest-tours.com plenty more besides, for example we recorded a grand total of 33 species of pigeons and doves, -they reach their greatest diversity here in New Guinea, as do kingfishers-, including nine Fruit Doves, a rare New Guinea Bronzewing feeding on the road, and, during the extension, both Black Imperial Pigeon and Pied Cuckoo-Dove. -
Papua New Guinea – New Britain Extension III 2016 1
Trip Report - RBL Papua New Guinea – New Britain Extension III 2016 1 Papua New Guinea New Britain Extension III Trip Report 1st to 5th September 2016 (5 days) Golden Masked Owl by Glen Valentine Tour Leaders: Adam Walleyn & Wayne Jones Trip report compiled by Adam Walleyn Trip Report - RBL Papua New Guinea – New Britain Extension III 2016 2 Day 1: An early morning start out of Port Moresby saw us arriving at Hoskins airport and settling into Walindi Lodge in time for lunch. Walindi is one of the friendliest and most comfortable lodges in the country, not to mention with one of the best views! We picked up a few birds on the lodge grounds, including Pacific Reef Egret and Melanesian Kingfisher, before heading off to the Kulu River for our first birding foray. As we drove through miles of oil palm plantations, we got great looks at two of the few species that seem to do well in such a monotypic habitat: Black Bittern and Stephen’s Dove. Female Eclectus Parrot by Dennis Braddy Arriving at the river, pigeons and parrots were active – many Eclectus Parrots, a few endemic Blue-eyed Cockatoos, Purple-bellied Lories, lots of Red-knobbed Imperial Pigeon and a couple of Yellowish Imperial Pigeon. We went for a short walk along the edge of the “buffer zone” of riparian forest that abuts the oil palm plantation and scored with good views of two of the major specialities of the extension: Melanesian Megapode and Nicobar Pigeon! Well pleased, we returned to the lodge for a delicious dinner and headed back out into the plantation in the darkness, armed with a torch. -
Ultimate Papua New Guinea Ii
The fantastic Forest Bittern showed memorably well at Varirata during this tour! (JM) ULTIMATE PAPUA NEW GUINEA II 25 AUGUST – 11 / 15 SEPTEMBER 2019 LEADER: JULIEN MAZENAUER Our second Ultimate Papua New Guinea tour in 2019, including New Britain, was an immense success and provided us with fantastic sightings throughout. A total of 19 Birds-of-paradise (BoPs), one of the most striking and extraordinairy bird families in the world, were seen. The most amazing one must have been the male Blue BoP, admired through the scope near Kumul lodge. A few females were seen previously at Rondon Ridge, but this male was just too much. Several males King-of-Saxony BoP – seen displaying – ranked high in our most memorable moments of the tour, especially walk-away views of a male obtained at Rondon Ridge. Along the Ketu River, we were able to observe the full display and mating of another cosmis species, Twelve-wired BoP. Despite the closing of Ambua, we obtained good views of a calling male Black Sicklebill, sighted along a new road close to Tabubil. Brown Sicklebill males were seen even better and for as long as we wanted, uttering their machine-gun like calls through the forest. The adult male Stephanie’s Astrapia at Rondon Ridge will never be forgotten, showing his incredible glossy green head colours. At Kumul, Ribbon-tailed Astrapia, one of the most striking BoP, amazed us down to a few meters thanks to a feeder especially created for birdwatchers. Additionally, great views of the small and incredible King BoP delighted us near Kiunga, as well as males Magnificent BoPs below Kumul. -
Birding Melanesia 2015 Report by Adam Walleyn
Melanesia Discover and Secrets of Melanesia: Birding Melanesia 2015 Report By Adam Walleyn Cardinal Lory pair. Copyright Adrian Hayward The 2015 Melanesian Birding trip was another great success. The year will probably long be remembered for one of the worst droughts ever and while the dry and windy conditions made birding more difficult than usual, we persevered and ended up with an incredible tally of endemics, many of them amongst the most poorly known birds in the world! This incredible itinerary takes in part of the north coast of Papua New Guinea and all of the main islands of the Bismarcks, Solomons and Vanuatu, along with many of the smaller ones. This region is one of the world’s most avian endemic-rich hotspots and is largely inaccessible and unvisited by birders. Amongst 267 species, highlights this year included Superb Pitta sitting right in the open, an unexpected Manus Fantail, one of the first observations of Mussau Triller, a stunning Solomons Nightjar, and incredible diversity of fruit doves (12 species), imperial pigeons (12 species), myzomelas (11 species) and of course white-eyes (10 species). The trip started off with a nice dinner in Madang and then our first of many early mornings to bird a patch of forest not far from town. Bird activity was great this morning and there were a number of fruiting trees which allowed good views of two species of birds of paradise - Lesser Bird of Paradise and Glossy-mantled Manucode. Other nice birds in the fruiting trees included Orange-bellied and Pink-spotted Fruit Dove, Zoe’s Imperial Pigeon, Orange-breasted Fig Parrot, and numerous Golden Myna. -
Papua New Guinea New Britain Extension III 30Th August to 3Rd September 2019 (5 Days)
Papua New Guinea New Britain Extension III 30th August to 3rd September 2019 (5 days) Trip Report Blue-eyed Cockatoo by Chris Lester Trip report compiled by Dušan Brinkhuizen & Stephan Lorenz Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea – New Britain III 2019 2 Top ten birds as voted for by participants: 1. Golden Masked Owl 6. Melanesian Megapode 2. New Britain Boobook 7. Bismarck Pitta 3. Black-capped Paradise Kingfisher 8. Violaceous Coucal 4. Pied Cuckoo-Dove 9. Nicobar Pigeon 5. Black Imperial Pigeon 10. Purple-bellied Lory __________________________________________________________________________________ Tour Summary New Britain is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago and located just to the northeast of mainland Papua New Guinea. We had three full days to explore this beautiful but little-known island in search of the region’s best endemics. We arrived at Hoskins airport in the late afternoon and made it to our comfortable resort for check-in just around dusk. Apart from Bismarck Crow, Willy Wagtail and Blyth's Hornbill, not many other species were identified during our drive to Kimbe Bay. The following morning, we started our first proper birding at Garu Wildlife Management Area, one of the few protected areas in New Britain. At arrival there was some good activity of parrots with the fantastic Purple-bellied Lory being the first endemic to be scoped. The endemic Blue-eyed Cockatoo soon followed giving us some excellent flight views. Eclectus Parrots and Coconut Lorikeets were also flying around and the tiny Buff-faced Pygmy Parrot was scoped in the canopy. Suddenly, Stephan called out three flyover pigeons which turned out to be the rare Black Imperial Pigeon – what a great catch! Walking down the forest track, we quickly stacked up several other regional endemics such as Red-banded Flowerpecker, White-necked Coucal, Long-tailed Myna and New Britain Friarbird, all of them showing well. -
Red List of Bangladesh 2015
Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary Chief National Technical Expert Mohammad Ali Reza Khan Technical Coordinator Mohammad Shahad Mahabub Chowdhury IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature Bangladesh Country Office 2015 i The designation of geographical entitles in this book and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature concerning the legal status of any country, territory, administration, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The biodiversity database and views expressed in this publication are not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, Bangladesh Forest Department and The World Bank. This publication has been made possible because of the funding received from The World Bank through Bangladesh Forest Department to implement the subproject entitled ‘Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh’ under the ‘Strengthening Regional Cooperation for Wildlife Protection (SRCWP)’ Project. Published by: IUCN Bangladesh Country Office Copyright: © 2015 Bangladesh Forest Department and IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holders, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holders. Citation: Of this volume IUCN Bangladesh. 2015. Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary. IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp. xvi+122. ISBN: 978-984-34-0733-7 Publication Assistant: Sheikh Asaduzzaman Design and Printed by: Progressive Printers Pvt. -
New Distributional Information for the Birds of Flores, Indonesia, Including New Localities for the Endangered Flores Scops Owl Otus Alfredi
Andrew Hart Reeve & Samuel Rabenak 3 Bull. B.O.C. 2016 136(1) New distributional information for the birds of Flores, Indonesia, including new localities for the Endangered Flores Scops Owl Otus alfredi by Andrew Hart Reeve & Samuel Rabenak Received 22 January 2015 Summary.—The Indonesian island of Flores hosts a remarkable avifauna that is both highly endemic and highly threatened. Nevertheless, basic knowledge of these birds is incomplete. Here we present new distributional information for 18 of the island’s bird species obtained during 2011; these include endemics such as Leaf Lorikeet Trichoglossus weberi and rarely recorded residents like Oriental Dwarf KingfisherCeyx erithaca. Our records of all Flores endemics are summarised, and we present new information on the habitat tolerance of two additional range-restricted species. Most significant is the discovery of the little-known and Endangered Flores Scops Owl Otus alfredi at three new localities in the hills of far-western Flores, more than doubling the known altitudinal range of this endemic, which was previously considered to be strictly montane. We report new information regarding the owl’s habitat preferences, vocalisations and sympatric occurrence with the other two Otus scops owls on Flores. Flores (08°S, 119–123°E; 13,500 km2) is a young volcanic island in the western Lesser Sundas of Indonesia, within the biogeographic region of Wallacea. Part of the Northern Nusa Tenggara Endemic Bird Area (Stattersfield et al. 1998), it hosts a large number of range-restricted bird species. Three occur only on Flores, with two others additionally occurring on the small nearby island of Rinca generally considered to be ‘Flores endemics’ as well. -
Indonesia Banda Sea Cruise 19Th August to 5Th September 2022 (18 Days) Kai Islands Extension 5Th September to 8Th September 2022 (4 Days)
Indonesia Banda Sea Cruise 19th August to 5th September 2022 (18 days) Kai Islands Extension 5th September to 8th September 2022 (4 days) Slaty-backed Thrush by Dubi Shapiro RBL Indonesia – Banda Sea Cruise Itinerary 2 This very special island-hopping cruise through the seldom-birded, far eastern Indonesian islands has been specially designed to maximise our chances of locating the regions unique endemic birds. During part of the next 3 weeks, we will cruise our way across some of our planet’s least explored seas and the myriad of jewel-like islands, including Tanahjampea, Kalao, Kalaotoa, Pantar, Alor, Wetar, Leti, Damar, Babar and the Tanimbars that host an amazing number of endemics and many little-known birds. This will be expedition cruising at its very best! With the exception of a handful of recent observations, very little is known about the avifauna of these rarely visited islands. The main tour, followed by an extension to the seldom explored Kai Islands, bodes well in finding most of the endemics and future endemic species too. We can expect to encounter a wide array of Asia’s least-known and most exciting and sought-after species! The world's sixth largest nation, Indonesia supports around 12% of Earth's tropical forests and a vast storehouse of biological wonders and ethnographic curiosities. Of special interest to us, Indonesia hosts a total of some 1,700 species of birds including around 400 currently recognised endemics (but as many as 600 endemics if taking the new Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago into account!); at least 130 of which are considered globally threatened. -
The Lesser Sundas
‘Roti’ Boobook (Craig Robson) THE LESSER SUNDAS 10-28 AUGUST 2016 Bali & East Java Extension until 2 September LEADER: CRAIG ROBSON With our first visit to Rote (or Roti) Island off west Timor, and the additional of an optional extension to Bali and east Java, our eleventh tour to this region must go down as the most successful to date. Highlights amongst our huge total of 356 species included: Grey-breasted Partridge, Green Peafowl, Flores and Javan Hawk-Eagles, Sumba Buttonquail, Ruddy, Timor and Black Cuckoo-Doves, Red-naped and Pink-headed Fruit Doves, Flores Green Pigeon, Timor and Pink-headed Imperial Pigeons, ‘Roti’ Boobook, Flores and Wallace's Scops Owls, Javan Owlet, Yellow-eared Barbet, ‘Red-crested’ Woodpecker, Javan Flameback, Yellow- and ‘Citron’-crested Cockatoos, Wallace’s Hanging Parrot, Jonquil (or Olive-shouldered) Parrot, Iris Lorikeet, Javan Banded and Elegant Pittas, Flores Monarch, Bare-throated Whistler, Javan Bush Warbler, White-bibbed Babbler, Large Wren-Babbler, Black-winged Starling, Bali Myna, Chestnut-capped, Chestnut- backed, and Orange-sided Thrushes, Black-banded Flycatcher, Tricolored Parrotfinch, and Timor Sparrow. A Leopard Cat, right in front of our vehicle at Baluran National Park, was probably the star mammal. ! ! 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: The Lesser Sundas 2016 www.birdquest-tours.com We all assembled at the Airport in Denpasar, Bali and checked-in for our relatively short flight to Waingapu, the main town on the island of Sumba. On arrival we were whisked away to our newly built hotel, and arrived just in time for lunch. By the early afternoon we were already beginning our explorations with a visit to the coastline north-west of town in the Londa Liru Beach area.