FAMILY Balitoridae Swainson, 1839 - hillstream and river [=Balitorinae, Homalopterini, Sinohomalopterini, Homalopteroidini] Notes: Balitorinae Swainson, 1839:190 [ref. 4303] (subfamily) Homalopterini Bleeker, 1859d:XXVIII [ref. 371] (stirps) Sinohomalopterini Chen, 1980:208 [ref. 32172] (group) Sinohomaloptera Homalopteroidini Randall & Page 2015:62 [ref. 33701] (tribe)

GENUS Balitora Gray, 1830 - stone loaches [=Balitora Gray [J. E.], 1830:Pl. 88 (v. 1), Sinohomaloptera (subgenus of Homaloptera) Fang [P.-W.], 1930:26] Notes: [ref. 1878]. Fem. Balitora brucei Gray, 1830. Type by monotypy. Kottelat 1988 [ref. 13379] and 1989 [ref. 13605] regards Balitoridae Swainson, 1839 as the valid name for the family, predating Homalopteridae Bleeker, 1859; this was upheld in ICZN Opinion 1715 in 1993. •Valid as Balitora Gray, 1830 -- (Silas 1953:205 [ref. 4024], Menon et al. 1978 [ref. 6801], Chen 1978:335 [ref. 6900], Jayaram 1981:143 [ref. 6497], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Zheng & Zhang 1983:65 [ref. 21356], Kottelat 1985:267 [ref. 11441], Menon 1987:228 [ref. 14149], Kottelat 1988:489 [ref. 13379], Kottelat & Chu 1988:188 [ref. 13491], Kottelat 1989:12 [ref. 13605], Doi 1997:26 [ref. 22832], Chen in Chen 1998:265 [ref. 23556], Tang & Chen 2000:8 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:522 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611], Conway & Mayden 2010:1466 [ref. 30776], Wang et al. 2010:26 [ref. 30898], Bhoite et al. 2011:3038 [ref. 32191], Liu et al. 2012:369, 375 [ref. 31548], Kottelat 2012:44 [ref. 32367], Raghavan et al. 2013:3921 [ref. 32564], Kottelat 2013:185 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Balitora Gray, 1830. Balitoridae. (Sinohomaloptera) [ref. 1296]. Fem. Homaloptera kwangsiensis Fang, 1930. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Sinohomaloptera Fang, 1930 -- (Silas 1953:209 [ref. 4024], Chen 1978:336 [ref. 6900], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Tang & Chen 2000:8 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:530 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611]). •Synonym of Balitora Gray, 1830 -- (Kottelat 1988:489 [ref. 13379], Kottelat & Chu 1988:189 [ref. 13491], Zheng in Pan et al. 1991:257 [ref. 23876], Chen et al. 2005:25 [ref. 2835], Liu et al. 2012:369 [ref. 31548], Kottelat 2012:44 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:185 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Balitora Gray, 1830. Balitoridae.

Species Balitora annamitica Kottelat, 1988 - annamitica stone (author) [=Balitora annamitica Kottelat [M.], 1988:498, Figs. 2d, 5] Notes: [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 95 (no. 2); ref. 13379] Grande Cascade, Boun Long, Kampuchea, Cambodia, 13°42'N, 107°00'E. Current status: Valid as Balitora annamitica Kottelat, 1988. Balitoridae. Distribution: Cambodia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora brucei Gray, 1830 - Gray's stone loach [=Balitora brucei Gray [J. E.], 1830:no page number, Pl. 88 (fig. 1), Platycara anisura McClelland [J.] & Griffith [E.], in McClelland, 1842:587, Pl. 18 (fig. 1), Balitora maculata Gray [J. E.], 1830:no page number, Pl. 88 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Illustrations of Indian zoology; ref. 1878] Priang River near Cherrapunji, Assam, India [original: Mountain stream, India]. Current status: Valid as Balitora brucei Gray, 1830. Balitoridae. Distribution: Asia: Tibet, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sra Lanka and Bangladesh. Habitat: freshwater. (anisura) [Calcutta Journal of Natural History v. 2 (no. 8); ref. 2926] Kassyah [Kasiah] Hills, Assam, India. Current status: Synonym of Balitora brucei Gray, 1830. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (maculata) [Illustrations of Indian zoology; ref. 1878] Priang River near Cherrapunji, Assam, India [original: Mountain stream, India]. Current status: Synonym of Balitora brucei Gray, 1830. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora burmanica Hora, 1932 - Burmese stone loach [=Balitora brucei var. burmanicus Hora [S. L.], 1932:291, Pl. 11 (fig. 6), Balitora brucei var. melanosoma Hora [S. L.], 1932:291, Pl. 10 (fig. 6)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Meekalan, Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Balitora burmanica Hora, 1932. Balitoridae. Distribution: Southeastern Asia. Habitat: freshwater. (melanosoma) [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Thaungyin [Thaugyn] River, Megla Stream on Myanmar - Thailand border. Current status: Synonym of Balitora burmanica Hora, 1932. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora chipkali Kumar et al., 2016 - Kali stone loach (author) [=Balitora chipkali Kumar [P.], Katwate [U.], Raghavan [R.] & Dahanukar [N.], 2016:157, Figs. 1-3, 8A, 9A-F] Notes: [Zootaxa 4138 (no. 1); ref. 34540] Karnataka, Astoli River, Kali River system, Ramnagar, India (15.430°N, 74.480°E), elevation 630 meters. Current status: Valid as Balitora chipkali Kumar, Katwate, Raghavan & Dahanukar, 2016. Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora eddsi Conway & Mayden, 2010 - Gerwa River stone loach (author) [=Balitora eddsi Conway [K. W.] & Mayden [R. L.], 2010:1467, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Journal of Biology v. 76 (no. 6); ref. 30776] Gerwa River, Karnali River basin, between Chisapani and Kothiaghat, Bardiya District, Nepal, 28°34'0.012"N, 81°13'59.88"E. to 28°23'60.00"N, 81°11'59.99"E. Current status: Valid as Balitora eddsi Conway & Mayden, 2010. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nepal. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora elongata Chen & Li, in Li & Chen, 1985 - elongate stone loach (author) [=Balitora elongata Chen [Y.-R.] & Li [Z.-Y.], in Li & Chen, 1985:169 (English p. 173), Fig. 1] Notes: [Zoological Research v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 8146] Yangbi River, Yynnan, . Current status: Valid as Balitora elongata Chen & Li, 1985. Balitoridae. Distribution: Lancangjiang [] River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora haithanhi Nguyen, 2005 - Gam River stone loach (author) [=Balitora haithanhi Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:599, Fig. 32] Notes: [Freshwater of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Balitora haithanhi Nguyen, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora jalpalli Raghavan et al., 2013 - Silent Valley stone loach (author) [=Balitora jalpalli Raghavan [R.], Tharian [J.], Ali [A.], Jadhav [S.] & Dahanukar [N.], 2013:3922, Images 1-3, 6a-c] Notes: [Journal of Threatened Taxa v. 5 (no. 5); ref. 32564] Valleparathodu, near Poochipara, Silent Valley National Park, 11°06'47"N, 76°26'11"E, Palakkad District, Kerala, India, depth 924 meters. Current status: Valid as Balitora jalpalli Raghavan, Tharian, Ali, Jadhav & Dahanukar, 2012. Balitoridae. Distribution: Western Ghats, India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930) - Kwangsi stone loach (author) [=Homaloptera kwangsiensis Fang [P.-W.], 1930:27, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2), Balitora heteroura Pan [J.], Liu [C.] & Zheng [W.], 1983:105 [English p. 108], Fig. 1, Sinohomaloptera hoffmanni Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1938:429, Fig. 1, Balitora nigrocorpa Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:594, Fig. 29, songamensis Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:601, Fig. 33] Notes: [Sinensia v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 1296] Stream in Lin-yueng-shien, Kwangsi, China, elevation 2100 feet. Current status: Valid as Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930). Balitoridae. Distribution: Zhujiang, Cangjiang rivers in Hainan Island, Yuanjiang River in Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater. (heteroura) [Journal of the Hua Nan Teacher's Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 1983 (no. 2); ref. 21354] Beijiang, Guangdong, China. Current status: Synonym of Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (hoffmanni) [Lingnan Science Journal, Canton v. 17 (no. 3); ref. 11003] Cheung Kon Ts'uen, Hainan, China. Current status: Synonym of Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (nigrocorpa) [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Lô River, Hà Giang Province, Vietnam. Current status: Synonym of Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (songamensis) [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Current status: Synonym of Balitora kwangsiensis (Fang, 1930). Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora lancangjiangensis (Zheng, 1980) - Lancangjiang stone loach (author) [=Sinohomaloptera lancangjiangensis Zheng [C.-Y.], 1980:110, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Journal of Jinan University (Natural Science) 1980 (no. 1); ref. 21353] Current status: Valid as Balitora lancangjiangensis (Zheng, 1980). Balitoridae. Distribution: Mekong River drainage, Yunnan Province, China and Laos. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora laticauda Bhoite et al., 2012 - Krishna stone loach (author) [=Balitora laticauda Bhoite [S.], Jadhav [S.] & Dahanukar [N.], 2012:3039, Images 1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 4a, 4b, Appendix 1] Notes: [Journal of Threatened Taxa v. 4 (no. 11); ref. 32191] Stream of Krishna River drainage at Venegaon Village near Krishno River bridge (17.499°N, 74.118°E), Satara District, Maharashtra, India, elevation 590 meters. Current status: Valid as Balitora laticauda Bhoite, Jadhav & Dahanukar, 2012. Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora longibarbata (Chen, in Zheng et al., 1982) - Yiliang Xian stone loach (author) [=Sinohomaloptera longibarbatus Chen [Y.-R.], in Zheng, Chen & Huang, 1982:394 (English p. 401), Fig. 1] Notes: [Zoological Research v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 21355] Yiliang Xian, Yunnan Province, 20'50'N. 103.10"E, China. Current status: Valid as Balitora longibarbata (Chen, 1982). Balitoridae. Distribution: , China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora ludongensis Liu & Chen, in Liu et al., 2012 - Qilong River stone loach (author) [=Balitora ludongensis Liu [S.-W.] & Chen [X.-Y.], in Liu, Zhu, Wei & Chen, 2012:370, Figs. 1, 2a, 3] Notes: [Environmental Biology of Fishes v. 93 (no. 3); ref. 31548] Qilong River, Pingjiang Village, Ludong Town, Jingxi County, Guangxi Province, China, 23°03'53.76"N, 106°12'44.86"E. Current status: Valid as Balitora ludongensis Liu & Chen, 2012. Balitoridae. Distribution: Qilong River, tributary of Zuojiang River, Guangxi Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora meridionalis Kottelat, 1988 - Chan River stone loach (author) [=Balitora meridionalis Kottelat [M.], 1988:498, Figs. 2b, 4] Notes: [Revue Suisse de Zoologie v. 95 (no. 2); ref. 13379] Chan River headwaters, Kao Soi Dao, Chantaburi Province, Thailand. Current status: Valid as Balitora meridionalis Kottelat, 1988. Balitoridae. Distribution: Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora mysorensis Hora, 1941 - slender stone loach [=Balitora brucei var. mysorensis Hora [S. L.], 1941:232, Pl. 8 (fig. 4)] Notes: [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 43 (pt 2); ref. 2212] Sivasamudram, Cauvery River system, Karnataka, India. Current status: Valid as Balitora mysorensis Hora, 1941. Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora nantingensis Chen et al., 2005 - Nanting River stone loach (author) [=Balitora nantingensis Chen [X.-Y.], Cui [G.-H.] & Yang [J.-X.], 2005:22, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Suppl. no. 13; ref. 28351] Mangjiu River, 23°58'55"N, 99°41'17"E. tributary of Nanting River, Daxueshan Township, Yongde County, Lincang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, elevation 730 meters. Current status: Valid as Balitora nantingensis Chen, Cui & Yang, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nanting River, tributary to , Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora nujiangensis Zhang & Zheng, in Zheng & Zhang, 1983 - Nu-Jiang stone loach (author) [=Balitora nujiangensis Zhang [W.] & Zheng [C.-Y.], in Zheng & Zhang, 1983:66 [English p. 69], Figs.] Notes: [Journal Sci. Med. Jinan University 1983 (no. 1); ref. 21356] Liu-ku, Nu-Jiang basin in Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Balitora nujiangensis Zhang & Zheng, 1983. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nujiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora tchangi Zheng, in Zheng et al., 1982 - Tchang stone loach (author) [=Balitora tchangi Zheng [C.-Y.], in Zheng, Chen & Huang, 1982:396 (English p. 402), Fig. 3] Notes: [Zoological Research v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 21355] Xishuangbanna. Jinghong Xian, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Balitora tchangi Zheng, 1982. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nujiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora vanlani Nguyen, 2005 - Nguyen's stone loach (author) [=Balitora vanlani Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:597, Fig. 31] Notes: [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Balitora vanlani Nguyen, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitora vanlongi Nguyen, 2005 - Vanlong stone loach (author) [=Balitora vanlongi Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:596, Fig. 30] Notes: [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Balitora vanlongi Nguyen, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Gâm River, Na Hang, Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Smith, 1945 - hillstream loaches [=Balitoropsis Smith [H. M.], 1945:278] Notes: [ref. 4056]. Fem. Balitoropsis bartschi Smith, 1945. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Kottelat & Chu 1988:106 [ref. 12840]). •Valid as Balitoropsis Smith, 1945 – (Silas 1953:208 [ref. 4024], Chen 1978:333 [ref. 6900], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Chen in Chen 1998:264 [ref. 23556], Kottelat 1998:270 [ref. 23656] with question, Tang & Chen 2000:7 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:521 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611], Kottelat 2012:45 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:186 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Balitoropsis Smith, 1945. Balitoridae. .

Species Balitoropsis ophiolepis (Bleeker, 1853) - Bandong (author) [=Homaloptera ophiolepis Bleeker [P.], 1853:160] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4; ref. 16903] Bandong, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Balitoropsis ophiolepis (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitoropsis vulgaris (Kottelat & Chu, 1988) - Mong Han hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera vulgaris Kottelat [M.] & Chu [X.-L.], 1988:103, Fig. 1] Notes: [Cybium v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 12840] Mong Han County, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China, 21°50'N, 101°00'E. Current status: Valid as Balitoropsis vulgaris (Kottelat & Chu, 1988). Balitoridae. Distribution: China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Balitoropsis zollingeri (Bleeker, 1853) - hillstream lizard loach [=Homaloptera zollingeri Bleeker [P.], 1853:159, Balitoropsis bartschi Smith [H. M.], 1945:279, Fig. 56, Homaloptera javanica Bleeker [P.], 1860:89, Homaloptera maxinae Fowler [H. W.], 1937:152, Figs. 52-53, Homaloptera (Homaloptera) nigra Alfred [E. R.], 1969:217, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2); Figs. 1b, 2b] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 16903] Jakarta, Bandong, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Balitoropsis zollingeri (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. (bartschi) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 188; ref. 4056] Waterfall stream on Kao Chong, Trang Province, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Balitoropsis zollingeri (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (javanica) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 7 (art. 2); ref. 380] Current status: Synonym of Balitoropsis zollingeri (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: marine. (maxinae) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 89; ref. 1425] Tachin, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Balitoropsis zollingeri (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Distribution: Thailand (if valid). Habitat: freshwater. (nigra) [Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) v. 43 (no. 18); ref. 7794] Tahan River at Chegar Sireh, King George V National Park [now Taman Negara], Pahang, Malaysia. Current status: Synonym of Balitoropsis zollingeri (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Hora, 1920 - hillstream loaches [=Bhavania Hora [S. L.], 1920:202] Notes: [ref. 2200]. Fem. Platycara australis Jerdon, 1849. Type by subsequent designation. Two included species, type perhaps first designated by Silas 1953:183 [ref. 4024]. Spelled Blavania by Jordan 1923:145 [ref. 2421]. See Das 2003:362 [ref. 27706] dated 1921. •Valid as Bhavania Hora, 1920 -- (Silas 1953:183 [ref. 4024], Jayaram 1981:141 [ref. 6497], Sawada 1982:205 [ref. 14111], Menon 1987:233 [ref. 14149], Nath et al. 2007:71 [ref. 29444], Kottelat 2012:47 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Valid as Bhavania Hora, 1920. Balitoridae.

Species Bhavania arunachalensis Nath et al., 2007 - Noadhing loach (author) [=Bhavania arunachalensis Nath [P.], Dam [D.], Bhutia [P. T.], Dey [S. C.] & Das [D. N.], 2007:72, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-3), Pl. 2 (figs. 4-6)] Notes: [Records of the Zoological Survey of India v. 107 (part 3); ref. 29444] River Noadhing drainage near Namsai, about 30 kilometers from Tezu, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Current status: Valid as Bhavania arunachalensis Nath, Dam, Bhutia, Dey & Das, 2007. Balitoridae. Distribution: Noadhing River basin, Arunachal Pradish, southern India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Bhavania australis (Jerdon, 1849) - Western Ghat loach [=Platycara australis Jerdon [T. C.], 1849:333, Bhavania annandalei Hora [S. L.], 1920:203, Pls. 10 (figs. 1-3), 11 (figs. 5-7)] Notes: [Madras Journal of Literature and Science v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 4902] Mountain stream in the Walliar jungle, Nilgiris, India. Current status: Valid as Bhavania australis (Jerdon, 1849). Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater. (annandalei) [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 19 (pt 5); ref. 2200] Western side of the eastern Ghats, Travancore, India. Current status: Synonym of Bhavania australis (Jerdon, 1849). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Cryptotora Kottelat, 1998 - waterfall climbing cave fishes [=Cryptotora Kottelat [M.], 1998:270] Notes: [ref. 23656]. Homaloptera thamicola Kottelat, 1988. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Cryptotora Kottelat, 1998 -- (Proudlove 2006:94 [ref. 28992], Kottelat 2012:47 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:187 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Cryptotora Kottelat, 1998. Balitoridae.

Species Cryptotora thamicola (Kottelat, 1988) - waterfall climbing cave fish [=Homaloptera thamicola Kottelat [M.], 1988:228, Fig. 4] Notes: [Records of the Australian Museum v. 40 (no. 4); ref. 13829] Susa Cave, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand, 19°28'N, 98°08'E. Current status: Valid as Cryptotora thamicola (Kottelat, 1988). Balitoridae. Distribution: Mae Hong Province, Thailand. Habitat: freshwater

GENUS Ghatsa Randal & Page, 2015 - loaches [=Ghatsa Randall [Z. S.] & Page [L. M.], 2015:79] Notes: [ref. 33701]. Fem. Homaloptera montana Herre, 1945. Type by original designation. •Valid as Ghatsa Randall & Page, 2015. Current status: Valid as Ghatsa Randall & Page, 2015. Balitoridae.

Species Ghatsa menoni (Shaji & Easa, 1995) - Menon loach (author) [=Homaloptera menoni Shaji [C. P.] & Easa [P. S.], 1995:395, Fig. 1 a-b] Notes: [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 92 (pt 3); ref. 22479] Indekkuthodu in Siruvani, a tributary of Bhavani, Muthikulam forest, Palghat District, Kerala, India. Current status: Valid as Ghatsa menoni (Shaji & Easa, 1995). Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Ghatsa montana (Herre, 1945) - Anamalai loach [=Homaloptera montana Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1945:400, Notes: [Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 35 (no. 12); ref. 2141] Puthutotam Estate, brook in Anamallai Hills, southern India, elevation about 3600 feet. Current status: Valid as Ghatsa montana (Herre, 1945). Balitoridae. Distribution: Western Ghats, India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Ghatsa pillaii (Indra & Rema Devi, 1981) - Silent Valley loach [=Homaloptera pillaii Indra [T. J.] & Rema Devi [K.], 1981:67, Pl. 2 (figs. A-B)] Notes: [Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 8585] Kunthi River, Western Ghats, Kerala, India. Current status: Valid as Ghatsa pillaii (Indra & Rema Devi, 1981). Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Ghatsa santhamparaiensis (Arunachalam et al., 2002) - Santhampara loach [=Homaloptera santhamparaiensis Arunachalam [M.], Johnson [J. A.] & Rema Devi [K.], 2002:32, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Acta Zoologica Taiwanica v. 13 (no. 1); ref. 26804] Panniyar Stream, a tributary of the Periyar River, above Ponmudi Reservoir at Santhampari Hills (4 kilometers from Pooparai Village), 9°82'N, 77°15'E, Idukki District of Kerala, India, elevation 912 meters. Current status: Valid as Ghatsa santhamparaiensis (Arunachalam, Johnson & Rema Devi, 2002). Balitoridae. Distribution: Kerala, India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Ghatsa silasi (Madhusoodana Kurup & Radhakrishnan, 2011) - Periyar loach (author) [=Homaloptera silasi Madhusoodana Kurup [B.] & Radhakrishnan [K. V.], 2011:224, Fig. 1] Notes: [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 107 (no. 3) [2010]; ref. 31584] Kattamadithode, a small stream connecting with the Periyar River in Periyar Tiger Reserve at Chokkanpetty, Kerala, India. Current status: Valid as Ghatsa silasi (Madhusoodana Kurup & Radhakrishnan, 2011). Balitoridae. Distribution: Periyar River, Kerala, India. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Hemimyzon Regan, 1911 - hillstream loaches [=Hemimyzon Regan [C. T.], 1911:32, Dienbienia Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [H. D.], 2002:9] Notes: [ref. 3642]. Masc. Homaloptera formosana Boulenger, 1894. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hemimyzon Regan, 1911 -- (Silas 1953:212 [ref. 4024], Chen 1978:338 [ref. 6900], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Kottelat & Chu 1988:192 [ref. 13491], Kottelat 1989:12 [ref. 13605], Doi & Kottelat 1998:7 [ref. 23304], Chen in Chen 1998:269 [ref. 23556], Tang & Chen 2000:8 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:538 [ref. 25272], Freyhof & Herder 2002:53 [ref. 26065], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611], Chen & Fang 2009:185 [ref. 30109], Liu et al. 2012: 369 [ref. 31548], Kunlapapuk et al. 2012:119 [ref. 32192], Kottelat 2012:48 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:187 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon Regan, 1911. Balitoridae. (Dienbienia) [English p. 14] [ref. 26611]. Dienbienia namnuaensis Nguyen & Nguyen, 2002. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Hemimyzon Regan, 1911 -- (Kottelat 2012:48 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:187 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Hemimyzon Regan, 1911. Balitoridae. Species Hemimyzon confluens Kottelat, 2000 - Nam Ngum hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon confluens Kottelat [M.], 2000:51, Fig. 20] Notes: [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 25040] Nam Ngum rapids downstream of Ban Latbouak, 19°36'28"N, 103°14'23"E, Xiangkhouang, Laos. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon confluens Kottelat, 2000. Balitoridae. Distribution: Laos. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon ecdyonuroides Freyhof & Herder, 2002 - River Pako hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon ecdyonuroides Freyhof [J.] & Herder [F.], 2002:54, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 13 (no. 1); ref. 26065] River Pako, about 50 kilometers north of Kontum, 14°39.60'N, 107°46.98'E, Kontum Province, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon ecdyonuroides Freyhof & Herder, 2002. Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon formosanus (Boulenger, 1894) - Formosan hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera formosana Boulenger [G. A.], 1894:463, Homaloptera taiwanica Kishinouye [K.], 1905:176] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 14 (no. 84) (art. 60); ref. 14546] Central Taiwan [Formosa]. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon formosanus (Boulenger, 1894). Balitoridae. Distribution: Drainages in northern and western Taiwan. Habitat: freshwater. (taiwanica) [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 17; ref. 18420] Taiwan. Current status: Synonym of Hemimyzon formosanus (Boulenger, 1894). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon khonensis Kottelat, 2000 - Champasak hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon khonensis Kottelat [M.], 2000:52, Fig. 21] Notes: [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 25040] Mekong mainstream at Ban Hang Khone, below Khone Falls, Champasak Province, Laos. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon khonensis Kottelat, 2000. Balitoridae. Distribution: Laos. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon macroptera Zheng, in Zheng et al., 1982 - Yiliang Xian hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon macroptera Zheng [C.-Y.], in Zheng, Chen & Huang, 1982:398 (English p. 402), Fig. 5] Notes: [Zoological Research v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 21355] Yiliang Xian, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon macroptera Zheng, 1982. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nanpan and Beipan rivers, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon megalopseos Li & Chen, 1985 - megalopseos hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon megalopseos Li [Z.-Y.] & Chen [Y.-R.], 1985:170 (English p. 173), Fig. 2] Notes: [Zoological Research v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 8146] Yiliang, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon megalopseos Li & Chen, 1985. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nanpan River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon nanensis Doi & Kottelat, 1998 - Nan hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon nanensis Doi [A.] & Kottelat [M.], 1998:8, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 45 (no. 1); ref. 23304] Nam Wa River at Ban Nam Wa, Mae Nam Nan basin, Nan Province, northern Thailand. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon nanensis Doi & Kottelat, 1998. Balitoridae. Distribution: Thailand. Habitat: freshwater. Species Hemimyzon papilio Kottelat, 1998 - Nam Theun hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon papilio Kottelat [M.], 1998:61, Figs. 96-97a] Notes: [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 9 (no. 1); ref. 23436] Nam Theun, waterfall at 18°01'40"N, 104°58'54"E, Laos. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon papilio Kottelat, 1998. Balitoridae. Distribution: Laos. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon pengi (Huang, in Zheng et al., 1982) - Xishuangbanna hillstream loach (author) [=Balitora pengi Huang [S.], in Zheng, Chen & Huang, 1982:395 (English p. 401), Fig. 2, Dienbienia namnuaensis Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [H. D.], 2002:10 [English 14], Fig. 1] Notes: [Zoological Research v. 3 (no. 4); ref. 21355] Xishuangbanna, Menghai Counnty, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon pengi (Huang, 1982). Balitoridae. Distribution: Lancangjiang [Mekong] River, China. Habitat: freshwater. (namnuaensis) [Tap Chí Sinh Hoc (J. Biol.) v. 24 (no. 2); ref. 26611] Nam Nua River, Noong Luong Village, Dienbien District, Lai Chau Province, Vietnam. Current status: Synonym of Hemimyzon pengi (Huang, 1982). Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam (if valid). Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon pumilicorpora Zheng & Zhang, 1987 - Biehe River hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon pumilicorpora Zheng [C.-Y.] & Zhang [W.], 1987:81 [English p. 85], Fig. 1] Notes: [Journal Sci. Med. Jinan University 1987 (no. 3); ref. 17741] Above Huangguoshu Falls, on Biehe River, Jenling Xian, Guizhou, China. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon pumilicorpora Zheng & Zhang, 1987. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nanpan River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon sheni Chen & Fang, 2009 - Tar-Ju hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon sheni Chen [I-S.] & Fang [L.-S.], 2009:186, Figs. 1-2, 4(a)] Notes: [Environmental Biology of Fishes v. 86; ref. 30109] Small tributary, 3 kilometers south of Yi-Ting mountain, upper reaches of Tar-Ju River, Tar--Ren Village, Yaitung County, Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon sheni Chen & Fang, 2009. Balitoridae. Distribution: Tar-Ju River basin (Taiwan). Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng & Shen, 1982 - Shin-we-leu hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng [C.-S.] & Shen [S.-C.], 1982:166, Fig. 5-6] Notes: [Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica (Taipei) v. 21 (no. 2); ref. 8410] Shin-wu-leu River, Lee-daou, Hai-duan, Taitung County, Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng & Shen, 1982. Balitoridae. Distribution: Eastern Taiwan. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon yaotanensis (Fang, 1931) - Yao-tan hillstream loach (author) [=Sinohomaloptera yaotanensis Fang [P.-W.], 1931:137, Figs. 1-4, Sinohomaloptera yaotanensis acuticauda Fang [P.-W.], 1931:143, Fig. 5] Notes: [Sinensia v. 1 (no. 9); ref. 16272] Yao-tan, Wa-chang, Luchow, Szechuan, China. Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon yaotanensis (Fang, 1931). Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater. (acuticauda) [Sinensia v. 1 (no. 9); ref. 16272] Yao-tan, Wa-chang, Luchow, Szechuan, China. Current status: Synonym of Hemimyzon yaotanensis (Fang, 1931). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Hemimyzon yingjiangensis Chen, in Yang & Du, 2006 - Yunnan hillstream loach (author) [=Hemimyzon yingjiangensis Chen in Yang & Du, 2006:267] Notes: [Integrated Scientific Studies of Yunnan Tongbiguan Nature Reserve; ref. 32946] Current status: Valid as Hemimyzon yingjiangensis Chen, 2006. Balitoridae. Distribution: Yunnan province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 - hillstream loaches [=Homaloptera van Hasselt [J. C.], 1823:133, Helgia Vinciguerra [D.], 1890:328] Notes: [ref. 5963]. Fem. Homaloptera ocellata Van der Hoeven, 1833. Type by subsequent monotypy. The two originally included species (fasciata and javanica) are nomina nuda (see Kottelat 1987:373 [ref. 5962]); first addition of species is in van der Hoeven 1833 (see Roberts 1993:24 [ref. 21799]). Also spelled Homalophra by van Hasselt (p. 132), with Kottelat serving as first reviser, selecting Homaloptera. •Valid as Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 – (Kottelat 1985:267 [ref. 11441], Menon 1987:221 [ref. 14149], Kottelat & Chu 1988:103 [ref. 12840], Roberts 1989:88 [ref. 6439] dating to van der Hoeven 1833, Kottelat 1989:12 [ref. 13605], Doi 1997:26 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 1998:270 [ref. 23656], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611], Arunachalam et al. 2002:31[ref. 26804], Tan & Ng 2005:1 [ref. 28206], Tan 2009:48 [ref. 30296], Ott 2009:73 [ref. 31048], Liu et al. 2011:[6] [ref. 31548], Madhusoodana Kurup & Radhakrishnan 2011:224 [ref. 31584], Kottelat 2012:49 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2012:83 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:187 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823. Balitoridae. (Helgia) [ref. 4520]. Fem. Homaloptera bilineata Blyth, 1860. Type by subsequent designation. Earliest type designation found that of Jordan 1920:448 [ref. 4905] as above. •Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Roberts 1989:88 [ref. 6439], Kottelat 1998:270 [ref. 23656], Kottelat 2012:49 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:187 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823. Balitoridae.

Species Homaloptera bilineata Blyth, 1860 - torrent loach, lizard loach, gecko loach [=Homaloptera bilineata Blyth [E.], 1860:172, Nemacheilus serpentarius Day [F.], 1870:551] Notes: [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 29 (no. 2); ref. 477] Tenasserim provinces, Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera bilineata Blyth, 1860. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nepal, Myanmar and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater. (serpentarius) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1869 (pt 3); ref. 1077] No locality [? Mayanmar or northern India]. Current status: Synonym of Homaloptera bilineata Blyth, 1860. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. Species Homaloptera confuzona Kottelat, 2000 - confuzona hillsteam loach (author) [=Homaloptera confuzona Kottelat [M.], 2000:53, Fig. 22] Notes: [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 25040] Khlong Fit at Ban Kraduk Chang, road 3157 from Trat to borai, about 2-3 kilometers after junction with road 3271, 12°28'N, 102°38'E, Trat Province, Thailand. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera confuzona Kottelat, 2000. Balitoridae. Distribution: Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homaloptera ocellata van der Hoeven, 1832 - ocellate hillsteam loach (author) [=Homaloptera ocellata van der Hoeven [J.] (ex van Hasselt), 1832:211, Balitora erythrorhina Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt), in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846:93, Pl. 524, Balitora pavonina Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846:97, Homaloptera polylepis Bleeker [P.], 1853:162, Homaloptera salusur Bleeker [P.], 1853:161] Notes: [Handboek der Dierkunde; ref. 5061] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera ocellata van der Hoeven, 1832. Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. (erythrorhina) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Bogor, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homaloptera ocellata van der Hoeven, 1832. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (pavonina) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homaloptera ocellata van der Hoeven, 1832. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (polylepis) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4; ref. 16903] Bogor, Tjippannas [Tjpannas], Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homaloptera ocellatus van der Hoeven, 1832. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (salusur) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4; ref. 16903] Jakarta, Tjampea, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homaloptera ocellatus van der Hoever, 1832. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. Species Homaloptera ogilviei Alfred, 1967 - Ogilvie's hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera ogilviei Alfred [E. R.], 1967:587, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Copeia 1967 (no. 3); ref. 7938] Telai [Jelai] River, at 14th mile along Yampin [Tampin] to Kuala Pilah Road, Negri Sembilan, Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera ogilviei Alfred, 1967. Balitoridae. Distribution: Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Vaillant, 1902 - Mahakam hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera orthogoniata Vaillant [L. L.], 1902:122, Figs. 33-35] Notes: [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 24 (note 1); ref. 4490] Bloeoe [= Blu] River, Mahakam basin, Borneo. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera orthogoniata Vaillant, 1902. Balitoridae. Distribution: Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homaloptera parclitella Tan & Ng, 2005 - Sekayu hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera parclitella Tan [H. H.] & Ng [P. K. L.], 2005:7, Figs. 4b, 5 [labelled 6], 6 a-b] Notes: [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 16 (no. 1); ref. 28206] Sekayu waterfalls, rock pools about 5 min. walk upstream of chalets, 4°57.80'N, 102°57.21'E, Terengganu basin, Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera parclitella Tan & Ng, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: South Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Homalopteroides Fowler, 1905 - hillstream loaches [=Homalopteroides Fowler [H. W.] 1905:476, Chopraia Prashad [B.] & Mukerji [D. D.], 1929:188] Notes: [ref. 1370]. Masc. Homaloptera wassinkii Bleeker, 1853. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Menon 1987:221 [ref. 14149], Roberts 1989:88 [ref. 6439]). •Valid as Homalopteroides Fowler, 1905 -- (Kottelat 1998:271 [ref. 23656] with question). •Valid as Homalopteroides Fowler, 1905 -- (Randall & Page 2012:335 [ref. 32354], Kottelat 2012:50 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:188 [ref. 32989], Randall & Page 2014:160 [ref. 33335]). Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides Fowler, 1905. Balitoridae. (Chopraia) [ref. 3558]. Fem. Chopraia rupicola Prashad & Mukerji, 1929. Type by original designation (also monotypic). See Das 2003:362 [ref. 27706] with date as 1930. •Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Roberts 1989:88 [ref. 6439]). •See Kottelat 1998:271 [ref. 23656]. •Synonym of Homalopteroides Fowler, 1905 -- (Randall & Page 2012:335 [ref. 33554], Kottelat 2012:50 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Synonym of Homalopteroides van Hasselt, 1823. Balitoridae.

Species Homalopteroides avii Randal & Page, 2014 - Avi hillstream loach (author) [=Homalopteroides avii Randall [Z. S.] & Page [L. M.], 2014:161, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Copeia 2014 (no. 1); ref. 33335] East Malaysia, Sarawak, Batang Balui, tributary, Long Tow, where it enters Batang Balui, 2.41°N, 113.76°E. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides avii Randall & Page, 2014. Balitoridae. Distribution: Balui River and downstream of the Rajang River from Kapit, Rajang River basin, Sarawak, Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides indochinensis (Silas, 1953) - Kontum hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera indochinensis Silas [E. G.], 1953:192, Fig. 2] Notes: [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 50 (pt 2) (for 1952); ref. 4024] Kontum, Annam, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides indochinensis (Silas, 1953). Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides manipurensis (Arunkumar, 1999) - Lokchao hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera manipurensis Arunkumar [L.], 1999:176, Fig. 1] Notes: [Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 24921] Lokchao River near Moreh, 110 kilometers from Imphal City of Manipur, India. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides manipurensis (Arunkumar, 1999). Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides modestus (Vinciguerra, 1890) - Meekalan hillstream loach (author) [=Helgia modesta Vinciguerra [D.], 1890:202, 330, Pl. 11 (fig. 12)] Notes: [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 2) v. 9; ref. 4520] Meekalan, Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides modestus (Vinciguarra, 1890). Balitoridae. Distribution: Myanmar, Thailand, India. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides nebulosus (Alfred, 1969) - nebulosa hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera (Homalopteroides) nebulosa Alfred [E. R.], 1969:227, Pl. 1 (figs. 3-4); Fig. 1H] Notes: [Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) v. 43 (no. 18); ref. 7794] Sok River at Kompong Sok, Kelantan, Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides nebulosus (Alfred, 1969). Balitoridae. Distribution: Southeastern Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides rupicola (Prashad & Mukerji, 1929) - Kamaing hillstream loach (author) [=Chopraia rupicola Prashad [B.] & Mukerji [D. D.], 1929:188, Pl. 8 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 31 (pt 3); ref. 3558] Streams around Kamaing, Myitkyina District, Upper Myanmar. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides rupicola (Prashad & Mukerji, 1929). Balitoridae. Distribution: Myanmar and Thailand. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides smithi (Hora, 1932) - Smith's hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera smithi Hora [S. L.], 1932:286, Pl. 11 (fig. 3), Homalopotera maxinae Fowler [H. W.], 1937:152, Figs. 52-53, Homalopotera lineata Smith [H. M.], 1945:277, Fig. 55] Notes: [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Tadi Stream and Klong Pong at Ban Kiriwong, Nakon Sritamarat, Thailand. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides smithi (Hora, 1932). Balitoridae. Distribution: Thailand. Habitat: freshwater. (lineata) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 188; ref. 4056] Mekong River at Chiengsen Kao, northern Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Homalopteroides smithi (Hora, 1932). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides stephensoni (Hora, 1932) - Mahakam hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera stephensoni Hora [S. L.], 1932:281, Pl. 11 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Upper Mahakam River, East Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides stephensoni (Hora, 1932). Balitoridae. Distribution: Borneo: Kalimantan and Sabah. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides tweediei (Herre, 1940) - Tweedie hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera tweediei Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1940:7, Pl. 1] Notes: [Bulletin of the Raffles Museum No. 16; ref. 2130] Shallow rapid creek, Mawai District, Johore, about 40 miles north of Singapore. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides tweediei (Herre, 1940). Balitoridae. Distribution: Southeastern Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides wassinkii (Bleeker, 1853) - Wassink hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera wassinkii Bleeker [P.], 1853:163, Homaloptera fasciata Bleeker [P.], 1860:96, Balitora ocellata Valenciennes [A.] (ex Kuhl & van Hasselt), in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846:96, Homaloptera valenciennesi Bleeker [P.], 1860:95] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4; ref. 16903] Tjampea, Bogor, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides wassinkii (Bleeker 1853). Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. (fasciata) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 7 (N. S., v. 2); ref. 380] Tjampea, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homalopteroides wassinkii (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: marine. (ocellata) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Bogor, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homalopteroides wassinkii (Bleeker 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (valenciennesi) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 7 (N. S., v. 2); ref. 380] Bogor, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homalopteroides wassinkii (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides weberi (Hora, 1932) - Weber's hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera weberi Hora [S. L.], 1932:284, Pl. 11 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Akar River, Sarawak state, Borneo, East Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides weberi (Hora, 1932). Balitoridae. Distribution: Malaysia and Brunei. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopteroides yuwonoi (Kottelat, 1998) - Yuwono hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera yuwonoi Kottelat [M.], 1998:267, Fig. 1] Notes: [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 9 (no. 3); ref. 23656] Sungai Hulu Leboyan at Keluwin, vicinity of Danau Sentarum Wildlife Reserve, Kalimantan Barat, Borneo, Indonesia, 1°08'51"N, 112°15'32"E. Current status: Valid as Homalopteroides yuwonoi (Kottelat, 1998). Balitoridae. Distribution: Kapuas basin, Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Homalopterula Fowler, 1940 - hillstream loaches [=Homalopterula Fowler [H. W.], 1940:379] Notes: [ref. 1433]. Fem. Homalopterula ripleyi Fowler, 1940. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Roberts 1989:88 [ref. 6439]). •See Kottelat 1998:271 [ref. 23656]. •Valid as Homalopterula Fowler, 1940 -- (Kottelat 2012:51 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:189 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Homalopterula Fowler, 1940. Balitoridae.

Species Homalopterula amphisquamata (Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) - Kawar hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera amphisquamata Weber [M.] & de Beaufort [L. F.], 1916:12] Notes: [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 3; ref. 4604] Discharging river of Lake Kawar (Lau and Kawar), Karo tableland Deli, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homalopterula amblisquamata (Weber & de Beaufort, 1916). Balitoridae. Distribution: Sumatra, Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeker, 1853) - Meninju hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera gymnogaster Bleeker [P.], 1853:163, Homaloptera lepidogaster Weber [M.] & de Beaufort [L. F.], 1916:14] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4; ref. 16903] Lake Meninju, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. (lepidogaster) [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 3; ref. 4604] Matur, Padangache Bovenlanden, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Homalopterula gymnogaster (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopterula heterolepis (Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) - Tawar hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera heterolepis Weber [M.] & de Beaufort [L. F.], 1916:12] Notes: [Fishes Indo-Australian Archipelago v. 3; ref. 4604] Atchin, Lake Tawar, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homalopterula heterolepis Weber & de Beaufort, 1916. Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopterula modiglianii (Perugia, 1893) - Modigliani hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera modiglianii Perugia [A.], 1893:245 [5]] Notes: [Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (Serie 2) v. 13; ref. 3434] Si-Rambè, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Homaloptera modiglianii (Bleeker, 1853). Balitoridae. Distribution: Indinesia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopterula ripleyi Fowler, 1940 - Ripley's hillstream loach (author) [=Homalopterula ripleyi Fowler [H. W.], 1940:379, Figs. 5-7] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 91 (for 1939); ref. 1433] Goempang River at Meloewak, Atjeh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia, elevation 1640 feet. Current status: Valid as Homalopterula ripleyi Fowler, 1940. Balitoridae. Distribution: Northern Provinces of Sumatra. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Homalopterula vanderbilti (Fowler, 1940) - Blangnanga hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera vanderbilti Fowler [H. W.], 1940:375, Figs. 1-2, Homaloptera ulmeri Fowler [H. W.], 1940:377, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 91 (for 1939); ref. 1433] Blangnanga, in Tripa River at base camp, Atjeh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia, elevation 3600 feet. Current status: Valid as Homalopterula vanderbilti (Fowler, 1940). Balitoridae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. (ulmeri) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 91 (for 1939); ref. 1433] Goempang River at Meloewak, Atjeh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia, elevation 1640 feet. Current status: Synonym of Homalopterula vanderbilti (Fowler, 1940). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Kottelat & Chu, 1988 - hillstream loaches [=Jinshaia Kottelat [M.] & Chu [X.-L.], 1988:191] Notes: [ref. 13491]. Fem. Psilorhynchus sinensis Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874. Type by original designation. •Valid as Jinshaia Kottelat & Chu, 1988 -- (Tang & Chen 2000:8 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:547 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611] as Jinskaia, Kottelat 2012:53 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Valid as Jinshaia Kottelat & Chu, 1988. Balitoridae.

Species Jinshaia abbreviata (Gunther, 1892) - Min hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera abbreviata Günther [A.], 1892:248, Pl. 3 (fig. B)] Notes: [List of the species of reptiles and fishes collected by Mr. A. E. Pratt; ref. 14508] Streams of , Szechwan, China. Current status: Valid as Jinshaia abbreviata (Günther, 1892). Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Jinshaia sinensis (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) - Chinese hillstream loach [=Psilorhynchus sinensis Sauvage [H.-E.] & Dabry de Thiersant [P.], 1874:14, Jinshaia niulanjiangensis Li [W.-X.], Mao [W.-N.] & Lu [Z.-M.], in Li, Mao, Lu, Sun & Lu, 1998:1, Fig. 1] Notes: [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 6) v. 1 (art. 5); ref. 15665] Current status: Valid as Jinshaia sinensis (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874). Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater. (niulanjiangensis) [Chinese Journal of Fisheries v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 28154] Niulanjiang, 25°58'N, 103°36'E, Qujing County, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Synonym of Jinshaia sinensis (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874). Balitoridae. Distribution: Yunnan Province, China (if valid). Habitat: freshwater. GENUS Regan, 1911 - hillstream loaches [=Lepturichthys Regan [C. T.], 1911:31] Notes: [ref. 3642]. Masc. Homaloptera fimbriata Günther, 1888. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Lepturichthys Regan, 1911 -- (Silas 1953:210 [ref. 4024], Chen 1978:337 [ref. 6900], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Dai 1985 [ref. 8170], Chen in Chen 1998:268 [ref. 23556], Tang & Chen 2000:8 [ref. 25445] as Leptuichthys, Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:534 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611] as Leuturichthys, Kottelat 2012:53 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Valid as Lepturichthys Regan, 1911. Balitoridae.

Species Lepturichthys dolichopterus Dai, 1985 - Min hillstream loach (author) [=Lepturichthys dolichopterus Dai [D.-Y.], 1985:221 (English p. 223), Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 8170] Upper Min River, Nanping, 26°35'N, 118°15'E, Fujian, China. Current status: Valid as Lepturichthys dolichopterus Dai, 1985. Balitoridae. Distribution: Mingjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Lepturichthys fimbriatus (Günther, 1888) - fimbriata hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera fimbriata Günther [A.], 1888:433, Lepturichthys guentheri Hora [S. L.], 1932:295, Pl. 10 (fig. 7), Lepturichthys nicholsi Hora [S. L.], 1932:297, Pls. 10 (fig. 8), 12 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 1 (no. 6); ref. 14483] Chang Jiang [ River] at Ichang, China. Current status: Valid as Lepturichthys fimbriatus (Günther, 1888). Balitoridae. Distribution: Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater. (guentheri) [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Mountain streams running into Min River, Sze Chuen, China. Current status: Synonym of Lepturichthys fimbriatus (Günther, 1888). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (nicholsi) [Memoirs of the Indian Museum v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 2208] Tung Ting [Tungting] Lake, Hunan, China. Current status: Synonym of Lepturichthys fimbriatus (Günther, 1888). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. GENUS Metahomaloptera Chang, 1944 - hillstream loaches [=Metahomaloptera Chang [H.-W.], 1944:54] Notes: [ref. 5136]. Fem. Metahomaloptera omeiensis Chang, 1944. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Metahomaloptera Chang, 1944 -- (Silas 1953:217 [ref. 4024], Chen 1978:345 [ref. 6900], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Kottelat & Chu 1988:194 [ref. 13491], Chen in Chen 1998:273 [ref. 23556], Tang & Chen 2000:9 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:563 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611], Yang et al. 2007:63 [ref. 29319], Kottelat 2012:54 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Valid as Metahomaloptera Chang, 1944. Balitoridae.

Species Metahomaloptera longicauda Yang et al., 2007 - Chuanhedong hillstream loach (author) [=Metahomaloptera longicauda Yang [J.], Chen [X.-Y.] & Yang [J.-X.], 2007:64, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 1526; ref. 29319] Chuanhedong village, Deze Town, Zhanyi County, Yunnan Province, China, 25°54'09.4"N, 103°34'49.5"E. Current status: Valid as Metahomaloptera longicauda Yang, Chen & Yang, 2007. Balitoridae. Distribution: Niulan Jiang River and Pudu River, Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Metahomaloptera omeiensis Chang, 1944 - Chang's Omei hillstream loach (author) [=Metahomaloptera omeiensis Chang [H.-W.], 1944:54, Metahomaloptera omeiensis hangshuiensis Xie [C.-X.], Yang [G.-R.] & Gong [L.-X.], 1984:63, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [Sinensia v. 15 (nos 1-6); ref. 5136] Loshan and Omei, western China. Current status: Valid as Metahomaloptera omeiensis Chang, 1944. Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater. (hangshuiensis) [Journal of Huazhong Agricultural College v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 23761] Yangriwan, upper Hanjiang River, Mount Shengnongjia, Hubei Province, China. Current status: Synonym of Metahomaloptera omeiensis Chang, 1944. Balitoridae. Distribution: Hubei Province, China. Habitat: freshwater. GENUS Neohomaloptera Herre, 1944 - hillstream loaches [=Neohomaloptera (subgenus of Homaloptera) Herre [A. W. C. T.], 1944:50] Notes: [ref. 2137]. Fem. Homaloptera (Neohomaloptera) johorensis Herre, 1944. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Neohomaloptera Herre, 1944 -- (Silas 1953:202 [ref. 4024], Roberts 1989:93 [ref. 6439], Doi 1997:27 [ref. 22832], Kottelat 2012:54 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:189 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Neohomaloptera Herre, 1944. Balitoridae.

Species Neohomaloptera johorensis (Herre, 1944) - Johor hillstream loach (author) [=Homaloptera (Neohomaloptera) johorensis Herre [A. W. C. T.] 1944:51] Notes: [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 57; ref. 2137] Brook near Simpang Rengam, Johore, Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Neohomaloptera johorensis (Herre, 1944). Balitoridae. Distribution: Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Pseudohomaloptera Silas, 1953 - loaches [=Pseudohomaloptera Silas [E. G.] 1953:204] Notes: [ref. 4024]. Fem. Homaloptera tatereganii Popta, 1905. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Species originally Tate Reganii, correction mandatory. •Synonym of Homaloptera van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Tan 2009:56 [ref. 30296]). •Synonym of Balitoropsis Smith, 1945 -- (Kottelat 2012:46 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:186 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:165 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Pseudohomalopera Silas, 1953 -- (Sawada 1982:205 [ref. 14111], Randall & Page 2015:77 [ref. 33701]). Current status: Valid as Pseudohomaloptera Silas, 1953. Balitoridae.

Species Pseudohomaloptera batek (Tan, 2009) - Katingan loach (author) [=Homaloptera batek Tan [H. H.], 2009:49, Figs. 1-5] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 2171; ref. 30296] Sungei Baha's, kilometer 64 logging road at buffer zone of Bukit Raya-Bukit Baka National Park, 0°47.593'S, 112°19.220'E, Mendawai sub-basin, Katinga basin, central Kalimantan, Borneo, elevation 218 meters. Current status: Valid as Pseudohomaloptera batek (Tan, 2009). Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper Katingan River basin, central Kalimantan, Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Pseudohomaloptera leonardi (Hora, 1941) - Leonard's loach (author) [=Homaloptera leonardi Hora [S. L.], 1941:61, Pl. 5 (figs. 5-6)] Notes: [Bulletin of the Raffles Museum No. 17; ref. 13240] Kuala Tahan, King George V National Park [now Taman Negara National Park], Pahang, Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Pseudohomaloptera leonardi (Hora, 1941). Balitoridae. Distribution: Malaysia. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Pseudohomaloptera sexmaculata (Fowler, 1934) - Chieng Mai loach (author) [=Homaloptera sexmaculata Fowler [H. W.], 1934:98, Figs. 47-48, Homaloptera septemmaculata Fowler [H. W.], 1934:99, Figs. 49-50] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1417] Chieng Mai, northern Thailand. Current status: Valid as Pseudohomaloptera sexmaculata (Fowler, 1934). Balitoridae. Distribution: Southeast Asia. Habitat: freshwater. (septemmaculata) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1417] Chieng Mai, northern Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Pseudohomaloptera sexmaculata (Fowler, 1934). Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Pseudohomaloptera tatereganii (Popta, 1905) - Bo River loach (author) [=Homaloptera tatereganii Popta [C. M. L.], 1905:180] Notes: [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 25 (note 15); ref. 3549] Bo River, Upper Mahaka River basin, East Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Pseudohomaloptera tatereganii (Popta, 1905). Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper Mahaka River basin, East Kalimantan, Borneo. Habitat: freshwater. Species Pseudohomaloptera yunnanensis (Chen, 1978) - Lanchan River loach (author) [=Balitoropsis yunnanensis Chen [Y.-Y.], 1978:334, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica v. 6 (no. 3); ref. 6900] Lanchan River, Yongping Xian, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Pseudohomaloptera yunnanensis (Chen, 1978). Balitoridae. Distribution: Southeast Asia. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Fang, 1930 - hillstream loaches [=Sinogastromyzon Fang [P.-W.], 1930:35] Notes: [ref. 1296]. Masc. Sinogastromyzon wui Fang, 1930. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Sinogastromyzon Fang, 1930 -- (Silas 1953:214 [ref. 4024], Chen 1978:341 [ref. 6900], Sawada 1982:204 [ref. 14111], Kottelat & Chu 1988:195 [ref. 13491], Zheng in Pan et al. 1991:259 [ref. 23876], Wu & Wu 1992:520 [ref. 21205], Chen in Chen 1998:271 [ref. 23556], Tang & Chen 2000:9 [ref. 25445], Chen & Tang in Yue et al. 2000:551 [ref. 25272], Nguyen & Nguyen 2002:10 [ref. 26611], Kottelat 2012:54 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:190 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon Fang, 1930. Balitoridae.

Species Sinogastromyzon chapaensis Mai, 1978 - Chapa hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon chapaensis Mai [D. Y.], 1978:220, Fig. 102] Notes: [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Lai Cao Province, Sapa, Red River system, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon chapaensis Mai, 1978. Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon daduheensis Guo & Yang, in Yang & Goa, 2013 - Dadu hillstream loach [=Sinogastromyzon daduheensis Guo [Y.-S.] & Yang [J.], in Yang & Goa, 2013:895, Figs. 1-8] Notes: [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 38 (no. 4); ref. 32962] , Xiaoshunicun, China, 29°15'N, 102°19'E, altitude 900 meters. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon daduheensis Guo & Yang, 2013. Balitoridae. Distribution: Sichuan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon daon Nguyen, 2005 - Nam So hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon daon Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:605, Fig. 35] Notes: [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Nâm So, Phong Thô, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon daon Nguyen, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nâm So, Phong Thô, Da river system, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon dezeensis Li et al., in Li et al., 1999 - Deze hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon dezeensis Li [W.-X.], Mao [W.-N.] & Lu [Z.-M.], in Li, Sun, Lu & Mao, 1999:45, Fig. 1] Notes: [Chinese Journal of Fisheries v. 12 (no. 2); ref. 28160] Deze, Qujing County, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon dezeensis Li, Mao & Lu, 1999. Balitoridae. Distribution: Yunnan Province, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon hsiashiensis Fang, 1931 - Hsia-shih hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon hsiashiensis Fang [P.-W.], 1931:48, Fig. 3] Notes: [Sinensia v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16365] Hsia-shih, Ma-ha-hsien, Kweichow, China, elevation 1200 feet. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon hsiashiensis Fang, 1931. Balitoridae. Distribution: Dongtinghu Lake, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon lixianjiangensis Liu et al., 2010 - Lixianjiang hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon lixianjiangensis Liu [S.-W.], Chen [X.-Y.] & Yang [J.-X.], 2010:[2], Fig. 1] Notes: [Environmental Biology of Fishes; ref. 30555] Sinanjiang River, a tributary of Lixianjiang River, Red River drainage, Mojiang County, Yunnan, China, 23°07'38.13"N, 101°47'44.32"E. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon lixianjiangensis Liu, Chen & Yang, 2010. Balitoridae. Distribution: Yunnan, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon macrostoma Liu et al., 2010 - Amojiang hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon macrostoma Liu [S.-W.], Chen [X.-Y.] & Yang [J.-X.], 2010:[7], Fig. 2] Notes: [Environmental Biology of Fishes; ref. 30555] Amojiang River, Mojiang County, Yunnan China, 23°02'47.44"N, 101°46'49.48"E. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon macrostoma Liu, Chen & Yang, 2010. Balitoridae. Distribution: Yunnan, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon minutus Mai, 1978 - Nam Muc hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon minutum Mai [D. Y.], 1978:222, Fig. 104] Notes: [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Nâm Muc Creek, Muong-Muon, Lai-Châu (Red River system), northern Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon minutus Mai, 1978. Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon multiocellum Nguyen, 2005 - multiocellum hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon multiocellum Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:614, Fig. 40] Notes: [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Nâm So, Phong Thô, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon multiocellum Nguyen, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Da River system in Nâm So, Phong Thô, Lai Châu, and Nâm Múc, Tuân Giáo, Dien Bien, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon namnaensis Nguyen, 2005 - Nam Na hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon namnaensis Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:610, Fig. 38] Notes: [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Nâm Na River, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon namnaensis Nguyen, 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nâm Na and Da river systems, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon nanpanjiangensis Li, 1987 - Nanpan hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon nanpanjiangensis Li [W.-X.], 1987:101 (English p. 103), Fig. 1] Notes: [Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica v. 12 (no. 1); ref. 17694] Nanpan River, Lunan County, 24°42'N, 103°10'E, Yunnan Province, China. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon nanpanjiangensis Li, 1987. Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Zhujiang (). Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon nantaiensis Chen et al., 2002 - Nantai hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon nantaiensis Chen [I-S.], Han [C.-C.] & Fang [L.-S.], 2002:240, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 13 (no. 3); ref. 26535] Laonon River, Kaoping basin, Darjin, Liukuei, Pingtung County, Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon nantaiensis Chen, Han & Fang, 2002. Balitoridae. Distribution: Southern Taiwan. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang, 1974 - Puli hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang [Y.-S.], 1974:153] Notes: [Symp. Biol. Environ. Sinica; ref. 19935] Pu-lo, [Tatuchi, Puli], Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang, 1974. Balitoridae. Distribution: Taiwan. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon rugocauda Mai, 1978 - Nam Cong hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon rugocauda Mai [D. Y.], 1978:221, Fig. 103] Notes: [Identification of the fresh-water fishes of North Viet Nam v. 1; ref. 13511] Nâm-Công Creek, Mã River system (Son-La), northern Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon rugocauda Mai, 1978. Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon sichangensis Chang, 1944 - Anning hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon sichangensis Chang [H.-W.], 1944:53] Notes: [Sinensia v. 15 (nos 1-6); ref. 5136] Anning River, near Tahochang, Sichang, southern China. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon sichangensis Chang, 1944. Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis Fang, 1930 - Szechuan hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis Fang [P.-W.], 1930:99, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. (Zoological Series) v. 6 (no. 9); ref. 16273] Szechuan, China. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis Fang, 1930. Balitoridae. Distribution: Upper reach of Changjiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater.

Species Sinogastromyzon tonkinensis Pellegrin & Chevey, 1935 - Lai Chau hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon tonkinensis Pellegrin [J.] & Chevey [P.], 1935:232, Fig. 1] Notes: [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 60; ref. 15670] Lai Chau, Tonkin, northern Vietnam. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon tonkinensis Pellegrin & Chevey, 1935. Balitoridae. Distribution: Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater. Species Sinogastromyzon wui Fang, 1930 - Wu's hillstream loach (author) [=Sinogastromyzon wui Fang [P.-W.], 1930:36, Pl. 2 (figs. 8-9 [not 3-4]), Sinogastromyzon intermedius Fang [P.-W.], 1931:54, Fig. 7, Sinogastromyzon sanhoensis Fang [P.-W.], 1931:56, Figs. 9] Notes: [Sinensia v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 1296] San-fang, Lo-ching-shien, Kwangsi, China, elevation 1800 feet. Current status: Valid as Sinogastromyzon wui Fang, 1930. Balitoridae. Distribution: Zhujiang River, China. Habitat: freshwater. (intermedius) [Sinensia v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16365] Tung-Kwei, Lung-Chow, southwestern Kwangsi, China. Current status: Synonym of Sinogastromyzon wui Fang, 1930. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater. (sanhoensis) [Sinensia v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 16365] San-ho-shien, southern Kweichow, China, elevation 650 feet. Current status: Synonym of Sinogastromyzon wui Fang, 1930. Balitoridae. Habitat: freshwater.

GENUS Hora, 1941 - Travancore loaches [=Travancoria Hora [S. L.], 1941:228] Notes: [ref. 2212]. Fem. Travancoria jonesi Hora, 1941. Type by original designation (also monotypic). See Das 2003:367 [ref. 27706] with date as 1942. •Valid as Travancoria Hora, 1941 -- (Silas 1953:203 [ref. 4024], Jayaram 1981:143 [ref. 6497], Sawada 1982:205 [ref. 14111], Menon 1987:236 [ref. 14149], Pethiyagoda & Kottelat 1994:107 [ref. 21421], Kottelat 2012:56 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Valid as Travancoria Hora, 1941. Balitoridae.

Species Travancoria elongata Pethiyagoda & Kottelat, 1994 - elongate Travancore loach (author) [=Travancoria elongata Pethiyagoda [R.] & Kottelat [M.], 1994:104, Figs. 9-12] Notes: [Journal of South Asian Natural History v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 21421] Chalakudy River, 26 kilometers upstream of Chalakudy town, near Vettilappara, Kerala, India. Current status: Valid as Travancoria elongata Pethiyagoda & Kottelat, 1994. Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater. Species Travancoria jonesi Hora, 1941 - Tranvancore loach [=Travancoria jonesi Hora [S. L.], 1941:230, Pl. 8 (figs. 5-9)] Notes: [Records of the Indian Museum (Calcutta) v. 43 (pt 2); ref. 2212] Streams within a radius of 5 miles of Pampadampara, Peerumedu Taluq, Kerala, India. Current status: Valid as Travancoria jonesi Hora, 1941. Balitoridae. Distribution: India. Habitat: freshwater. ******************************************************************************************* Unavailable names, uncertain taxa

Stolephorus balitora Hamilton [F.] in McClelland 1839:428, 430 [Asiatic Researches v. 19 (pt 2); ref. 2923] Not available, name mentioned in passing (p. 428) and in synonymy (p. 430). Balitoridae.

Balitora shimogensis Sukas & Kalawar [C. N.] in Kalawar & Kulkarni 1956:675 [Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society v. 53 (pt 4); ref. 22854] Not available, no distinguishing features. •Questionably in the synonymy of Balitora mysorensis Hora 1941 -- (Kottelat 1988:494 [ref. 13379], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:448 [ref. 20764]). •Possibly the same (nomen nudum) as Balitora laticauda Bhoite, Jadhav & Dahanukar 2012 -- (Bhoite et al. 2012:3045 [ref. 32191]. Kottelat 2012:45 [ref. 32367]). Current status: Uncertain as Balitora mysorensis Hora 1941. Balitoridae.

Homaloptera erythrorhina Kuhl [H.] & van Hasselt [J. C.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:93, Pl. 524 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Manuscript name mentioned in passing; species described as Balitoria erythrorhina Valenciennes 1846. Balitoridae.

Homaloptera fasciata van Hasselt [J. C.] 1823:133 [Algemeene Konst- en Letter-bode voor het Jaar II Deel (no. 35); ref. 5963] Not available, no distinguishing features -- (see Kottelat 1987:372 [ref. 5962], Kottelat 2013:189 [ref. 32989]). •In the synonymy of Homaloptera -- (Randall & Page 2015:62 [ref. 33701]). Balitoridae.

Homaloptera javanica van Hasselt [J. C.] 1823:133 [Algemeene Konst- en Letter-bode voor het Jaar II Deel (no. 35); ref. 5963] Not available, no distinguishing features -- (see Kottelat 1987:372 [ref. 5962]). •In the synonymy of Homaloptera -- (Randall & Page 2015:62 [ref. 33701]). Balitoridae.

Sinogastromyzon hexaocellum Nguyen [V. H.] 2005:612, Fig. 39 [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Nâm So, Phong Châu, Lai Châu, Vietnam. Holotype: NCNTTS I. Paratypes: (5). Different authorship given in caption to Figure 39. Types at RIA 1 [= NCNTTSI] are lost according to Endruweit 2014:144 [ref. 33205]. •Questionably a synonym of Sinogastromyzon chapaensis Mai 1978 -- (Kottelat 2012:54 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:190 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Uncertain as Sinogastromyzon chapaensis Mai 1978. Balitoridae. Distribution: Da River system in Nâm So, Phong Châu, Lai Châu, and Nâm Múc, Tuân Giáo, Dien Bien, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Sinogastromyzon hypercorpus Nguyen [V. H.] 2005:603, Fig. 34 [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Nâm So Creek, Muong So, Phong Thô, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Holotype (unique): NCNTTS I (lost). Types at RIA 1 [= NCNTTSI] are lost according to Endruweit 2014:144 [ref. 33205]. •Questionably valid as Sinogastromyzon hypercorpus Nguyen 2005 -- (Kottelat 2012:55 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:190 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Uncertain as Sinogastromyzon hypercorpus Nguyen 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Nâm So Creek, Muong So, Phong Thô, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.

Sinogastromyzon maon Nguyen [V. H.] & Nguyen [H. D.] in Nguyen [V. H.] 2005:607, Fig. 36 [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Ma River, Sông Ma, Son La Province, Vietnam. Holotype: NCNTTS I, Bac Ninh (lost). Paratypes: (1) lost. Types at RIA 1 [= NCNTTSI] are lost according to Endruweit 2014:144 [ref. 33205]. •Questionably valid as Sinogastromyzon maon Nguyen & Nguyen 2005 -- (Kottelat 2012:55 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:190 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Uncertain as Sinogastromyzon maon Nguyen & Nguyen 2005. Balitoridae. Distribution: Ma river system, Sông Ma district, Son La Province, Vietnam. Habitat: freshwater.