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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13073-9 - Ancient Antioch: From the Seleucid Era to the Islamic Conquest Andrea U. De Giorgi Index More information INDEX son of Hadad, 101 Amanus, x, xiii, 1, 7, 10, 21, 23, 36, 51, 55, 67–68, Al-Asi, 42 73–74, 78, 83, 85, 87, 97–104, 106–107, 109, apex of the East, 3 113–114, 135, 137, 143, 172–174, 178 Black Mountain, 98 Amanus Mountains, 1, 7, 21, 23, 51, 68, 98, Dead Cities, 7, 23, 92 101–103, 106–107, 173 Market Gate, 139 Amasian, 176 Massif du Bélus, 121 American Excavations at Seleucia (1927–1937), 45 Paulos of the Christians, 1 Amik Gölü, 16, 71 the Overturned, 41 Amik Ovası, 68 Wood of Life, 138 Ammianus Marcellinus, 100, 115 1930s Princeton excavations, 8 Amphion, 53 22nd of Artemisius, 40 Amuq Plain, ix–xi, 7, 9, 15–16, 18, 38–39, 42, 65, 67, 69–70, 72–73, 75–76, 78, 80, 82–83, 85–89, Abassid, 46, 126 91–94, 97, 103, 106, 113–114, 117, 123, 127, Abydos Tariff, 128 130, 148, 152, 158, 173, 178, 180–181 Achaemenid, 15 Amuq Valley, ix–x, xiii, 8, 10, 13, 15–17, 19–22, 24, Actium, 133 39, 42, 51, 66–68, 70, 74, 82, 85, 88–89, 91, 99, Adamkayalar, 111 105, 109, 116, 118, 123–125, 127–128, Adriatic, 181 172–173, 180 Aelii, 130 Amuq Valley Archaeological Survey (AVRP), Aemilii, 130 xiii, ix, 8, 20, 21, 21, 21, 39, 51, 67, 71, 75, 82, Aemilius Reginus, 130 86, 89, 89, 102, 104, 114, 118, 124, 131 Africa, 63, 67, 162 Amyke, 67 Afrin, x, 60, 71–74, 78–79, 81–82, 84–85, 87, 89–90, Ananeosis, 174 92, 116, 179 Anatolian, 11, 38 Afrin Valley, 60, 85, 92 Anatolius, 96, 143 Agrippa, 81, 170 Anazarbos, x, 58 Ain Zarqa, 41 animal husbandry, 26, 119, 121 Ainsworth, William Francis, 85 Antakya, ix–xi, xv, 2, 9, 12–13, 29, 31–33, 42, 61, Aion, 93, 174 70–71, 87, 101, 107, 116, 149, 151–152, 168 Al ‘Amq, 68 Antakya-Islayhiye-Samsat, 87 Al Maklûb, 41 Antarados, 138 Alalakh, 13, 38, 74, 111 Antas, 149 al-Baladhuri, 42 Antigoneia, 46, 50–52, 68, 143 Aleppo, 7, 13, 20, 23, 33, 38, 55, 69, 75, 78, 83, 85, Antigonos, 42, 46, 50, 137, 144 114, 116, 166, 171 Antioch,ix–xi, xiii, xv–xvi, 1–11, 13–16, 18, 20, Alexander Balas, 134 23–24, 26–28, 30–35, 37–38, 40–48, 50–51, Alexander the Great, 36, 46, 113, 164 53–55, 57–58, 60–75, 77–81, 83–95, 97–100, Alexandria, 52, 54, 85, 172, 177, 179 102–103, 105–107, 112–116, 118–119, 121–122, Alexandria ad Issum (Alexandretta), 13, 36, 85, 124, 126–129, 131–136, 138–140, 142–154, 156, 105 158, 161–181 Alexandros, son of Antiochos, 131 Antioch Committee, 32 Al-Madā’in, 46 Antioch diaries, 14 Al-Mina, 139, 142, 147 Antioch Excavations, 14, 23 217 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13073-9 - Ancient Antioch: From the Seleucid Era to the Islamic Conquest Andrea U. De Giorgi Index More information 218 INDEX Antioch, the Lost Ancient City, 9 Aurelius Diphilianus, 174 Antiocheia on the Pyramos, 145 Aurelius Marcianus, 181 Antiochene, 3, 6–9, 11, 28, 30, 35, 52, 54, 66, 85, 90, Axios, 41 92–93, 102, 121–123, 126, 128–130, 132–133, 135, 140–141, 146, 148, 150, 158, 161, 163, Baal, 144 166–168, 172, 174–176, 181 Baalbek, 41 Antiochenes, 3, 8, 35, 40, 43, 53, 63, 83, 93, 100, Bab al-Hawa gate, 179 115, 126–127, 135–136, 144–146, 153, 163–167, Bab el-Mina, 60, 139 171 Bab el-Mina gate, 60 Antiochikos, 62, 65, 75, 129, 164, 178 Babylon, 44–46, 50 Antioch-Nicopolis-Samosata road, 87 Babylonia, 51 Antiochos I, 35, 40, 165 Babylonian, 38, 46, 153 Antiochos III the Great, xvii, 56, 76, 153 Babylonian exile, 38, 153 Antiochos IV Epiphanes, 5, 48, 54, 57–58, 62, 64, Bactria, 49 99, 151 Baetica, 127 Antiochos IX Philopator, 52 Baghdad, 44, 46 Antonia Marcia, 111–112 Bağras, x, 51, 78, 115 Antonine, 138–139, 148, 168, 194 Bahadır Alkım, 99 Antonios, 123 Bakras, 89, 103–104, 107 Apamea, 23, 37, 41, 62, 78, 116, 119, 139, 163, Bakras Kale, 105 180–181 Balıklı Gölü, 71 Aphraate, 167 Baltimore Museum of Art, 27 Aphrodisias, 99 Bamuqqa, 120 Apolausis, 174 Baradatos son of Diogenes, 101 Apollo, xi, 44, 150, 152–154, 156, 171 Basil, 167 Apollonius of Tyana, 154 basileis, 170 Aquileia, 180 Basileis, 54 Arab, xvi, 17, 24, 32, 46, 98, 117, 143, 165, 175 Batanea, 100 Arabia, 131 Bath F, 33 Arabic, xvi, 147, 167 Baths of Apolausis, 86 Arados, 138 battle at Issos, 113 Aramaic, 176 battle of Magnesia, 77 Aramean, 121 Beïlán, 135 Argives, 37, 145, 164 Beirut, ix, 14, 32, 43 Aristophanes of Byzantium, 169 Bell, Gertrude, 75 Armenaz, 175 Berion, 123 Armenian, x, 41, 59, 78, 98, 105, 138, 147 Beroea, ix, 20, 170 Arpalı, 89, 102 Berytus, 99 Arsanlı Bel, 99 Betylos, 174 Artemita, 78 Bexa, 147 Arxeuthas, 73 Beylan, x, 78, 85, 98–99, 101, 105, 107 Asi Nehri, 41 Beylan Pass, x, 78, 98–99, 105 Asia, 35, 51, 77, 99, 126, 132, 169 Bezga, 147 Assyria, 38 Bín-kilíseh, 135 Assyrian, 15, 38, 41, 99 Biqa’ Valley, 4, 41 Assyrians, 68 Bithynia, 129 Asterios, 117 Black Sea, 126, 142 Atatürk, 2, 14 Boeroea, xi, 75, 179 Atatürk Köprüsü, 2 Bosphorus, 128, 143 Athemita, 48 Bosra, 131 Athena, 53 Bottia, 38 Athenian, 37, 53, 115, 145, 164 Bourdj Heidar, 117 Atrium House, ix, 28, 31, 57, 152 Bourg es-Sleyb, ix, 43, 52 Augustan, 57, 85 Bowersock, Glen, 27 Augustus, xvi–xvii, 105, 130, 133, 135, 148, 176, 179 Boz Höyük, 87 Aurelia Artemidora, 172, 177 Brad, 117 Aurelian, 83, 205 Braidwood, Robert, ix, xv, 15–17, 19, 21, 24, 75 Aurelios Kirillos, 120 Brands, Gunnar, 8, 11, 57, 151 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13073-9 - Ancient Antioch: From the Seleucid Era to the Islamic Conquest Andrea U. De Giorgi Index More information INDEX 219 Bronze Age, ix, 4, 16, 23, 38, 43, 74, 90 Concordia, 180–181 Brundisium, 133 Constantian, 57 Bryant, Pierre, 50 Constantinian Villa, x, 108, 175 Bryaxis, 154 Constantine the Great, 5, 57, 94, 143 Bullae, 47 Constantinian Octagon, 31 Burğ Bāqirhā, 112, 117, 120 Constantinople, 26, 52, 128–129, 142–143, 170 Burnaz, 138–139 Constantius, 57, 138, 143 Butler, xv–xvi, 15, 30, 107, 118, 183 Constantius II, 57, 143 Büyük, 41, 148 Corona imagery, 82, 85 Büyük Kara Cay, 149 Count of the East, 63 Bytyllion, 139, 142 Cretan, 37, 126, 164 Byzantine, xv, xvii, 2, 15, 41, 52, 57–58, 61, Cribiore, Raffaella, 152 75, 105, 112, 167 Crusader epoch, 5 Crusaders, x, xv, 58, 64, 78, 83 Caesar, 54, 81, 115, 128 Ctesiphon, 46–48, 78 Caesarian, 90, 119, 174, 181 curiosi, 142 Cakalli Karakol, 105 Cyprus, 67, 146 Callistus, 96, 143 Cyrrhus, 60, 92, 114, 117, 119, 163 Callot, Olivier, 121–122, 128 Campbell, William, 27, 31–33, 154 Damasias, 144 Camus Ayna, 161 Dana, 29, 116, 130 Canaanite, 38, 145 Daphne, xi, 28, 31–33, 36, 38, 41, 54–55, 57, 63, Cappadocia, 114 92–93, 100, 107, 127, 131, 133–134, 137, 142, Caralis, 181 144, 148–150, 152–154, 156, 161, 165–166, cardo, 28, 61–62, 170 169, 171, 173 Carthage, 138, 179 Dareios, 123 cash crops, 26 Dagron, Gilbert, 142 Casius massif, 147 Dead Cities, 7, 23, 26, 92, 117 Castalia, 154 Dead Sea Fault Zone, 67 Cato the Younger, 165 Déhès, 119, 122, 194, 213 cedar, 99–100, 103 Della Valle, Pietro, xvi, 1 Cephisus, 70 Delos, 144 Ceylanlı, xi, xiii, 51, 89, 99, 102–103, 107, Demetrios Poliorketes, 37 109–113, 115 Demirköprü, x, 41, 78 Chalcis, ix, 20, 75, 83, 85, 114, 116, 121, 179 Detroit Institute of Arts, 45 Chalcolithic, 38, 71 Didas, 149 Chaldean Magi, 47 Dio, 51, 100, 146 Charonion,x,64 Diocletian, 56, 138, 154, 170 Chesney, Francis Rawdon, 135 Diodoros, 120 Choche, 46 Diodorus Siculus, 51 Christ, 90, 117, 166 Dionysus, 41, 47, 129, 141, 169 Christian era, 24 Dipotamia, 136 Christians, 1, 23, 102, 134, 146, 150, 152, 166–167 Diyala plains, 48 Chronologia of John Malalas, 5 Djobadze, 138, 146 church of Qalblozeh, 23 Dobbins, John, 158 church of St Thomas, 138 Domeitianos, 123 church of St. Simeon, 134 Domus Aurea, 57 Cilicia, x, 10, 45, 58, 78, 87, 92, 97, 105, 111, 129, Downey, Glanville, xvi, 154 140–142, 169, 180 Drakon, 41 Cilician coast, 99 Drinking Contest, xi, 31, 57, 140 Classis Seleucena, 138 Dura Europos, 174 Classis Syriaca, 138 Dussaud, René, xvi, 29–30, 150 Claudii, 130 Dyonisiaca, 41 Claudius, 123, 132, 136 Claudius, a veteran at the rank of evocatus, 123 Edessa, 83 Comes Icarius, 63 Egri, 85 Commodion, 170 Egypt, 51, 71, 142 Commodus, 141 Egyptian, 41 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-13073-9 - Ancient Antioch: From the Seleucid Era to the Islamic Conquest Andrea U. De Giorgi Index More information 220 INDEX Eisodotas, son of Ptolomaeos, 131 Greek, xv–xvi, 4, 8, 11, 19, 21, 29, 38, 48, 50, 67, 78, Elderkin, George W., xv, 27–28 81, 87, 94, 115, 120–121, 126, 132–133, 135, Eleusinion, 145 141–143, 146, 150, 152, 164–169, 171, 173, El-Ordou, 147 176, 180 emblemata, 93 Greek East, 4, 8, 11, 19, 29, 51, 81, 87, 94, 126, 133, Empire, xvii, 127, 173, 176 141, 143, 152, 165–167, 171, 173 Ephesos, xvi, 35, 50, 112 Gul Bashi (Gölbaşi), 85 Ephraem, 5, 57, 136, 148, 150 Gündüzlü, xiii, 107, 109–110, 113 epimeletes, 123 Güzelburç, 51 epoikia, 92, 124 Esimšek, 114 H.M.S.Columbine, 135 Euandria, 174 Hadrian, ix, xi, 42–43, 64, 99, 130, 146, 152, Euboean, 37 154 Eudocia, 164 Halaka, 122 Euphrates, 37, 46–47, 50, 67, 85, 114 Halaqa, 116, 119 Eurotas, 70 Hamath, 38, 41, 153 Eusebius, 35 Hapsburg Vienna, 7 Eutychides, 51–53, 63, 168 Harbiye, 151, 154 Evagrius, xvi, 65, 95 Harim, xi, 75, 114 Hatay, 2, 5, 8–11, 14–15, 67–68 Feissel, Denis, 142, 149, 176 Heblan, 176 Fertile Crescent, 98 Hellene, 150 Firminus, 40 Hellenic, 2, 6, 47, 63, 149, 163, 175–176 Fisher, Clarence, 13, 27, 31 Hellenism, 169, 175–176 Fisher, Lassus and Campbell, 13 Hellenistic, x, 4, 19, 21, 23, 34, 37–38,
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    Communicating Power in the Bīt-Ḫilāni Palace James F. Osborne Department of Near Eastern Studies Johns Hopkins University Gilman Hall 117 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore, MD 21218 [email protected] Little is known about how the Syro-Anatolian kingdoms of the Mediterranean and Near Eastern Iron Age (ca. 1200–720 B.C.E.) operated politically. This paper examines the nature and extent of royal political authority in one such kingdom, the city-state known as Patina, and its capital city of Kunulua. Political power in Patina is studied through space syntax analysis of Kunulua’s bīt­ḫilāni palace, and through interpretation of the iconography that was used to portray palace furniture. Historical inscriptions and works of art made in the neighboring Assyrian Empire, with whom the Syro-Anatolian city-states had a great deal of cultural and political interaction, provide the bulk of our information regarding the visual makeup of the accoutrements within the bīt­ḫilāni. The architectural form of Kunulua’s palace, and the furniture and objects that populated it, are shown to have been conceived together as a coherent and totalizing message empha- sizing the legitimacy and power of the king. introduction the Tigris River to the east, whose capital cities of Nimrud, Khorsabad, and Nineveh provide us with uring the first centuries of the first millennium vivid textual and visual evidence for the interaction B.C.E., the northeast corner of the Mediter­ of the two cultures (fig. 1). Despite the large amount D ranean Sea was surrounded by a collection of historical information, as well as over a century of of small kingdoms that stretched from southern Cap­ archaeological excavation in the area, the political padocia to the northern Levant, and from Cilicia to processes that characterized Syro­Anatolian mechan­ the Jazira.
  • Trade and Transport in Late Roman Syria Christopher Wade Fletcher University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

    Trade and Transport in Late Roman Syria Christopher Wade Fletcher University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2016 Trade and Transport in Late Roman Syria Christopher Wade Fletcher University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Geographic Information Sciences Commons, Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons, Remote Sensing Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Fletcher, Christopher Wade, "Trade and Transport in Late Roman Syria" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 1594. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1594 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Trade and Transport in Late Roman Syria A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology Christopher Fletcher University of Arkansas Fayetteville Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology Spring 2013 Bachelor of Arts in History Fall 2013 May 2016 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council Dr. Jesse Casana Thesis Director Dr. Kenneth L. Kvamme Committee Member Dr. Wesley D. Stoner Committee Member Abstract Despite the relative notoriety and miraculous level of preservation of the Dead Cities of Syria, fundamental questions of economic and subsistence viability remain unanswered. In the 1950s Georges Tchalenko theorized that these sites relied on intensive olive monoculture to mass export olive oil to urban centers. Later excavations discovered widespread cultivation of grains, fruit, and beans which directly contradicted Tchalenko’s assertion of sole reliance on oleoculture.
  • Religion in Language Policy, and the Survival of Syriac

    Religion in Language Policy, and the Survival of Syriac

    California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Theses Digitization Project John M. Pfau Library 2008 Religion in language policy, and the survival of Syriac Ibrahim George Aboud Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project Part of the Near Eastern Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Aboud, Ibrahim George, "Religion in language policy, and the survival of Syriac" (2008). Theses Digitization Project. 3426. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3426 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the John M. Pfau Library at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses Digitization Project by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RELIGION IN LANGUAGE POLICY, AND THE SURVIVAL OF SYRIAC A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in English Composition: Teaching English as a Second Language by Ibrahim George Aboud March 2008 RELIGION IN LANGUAGE POLICY, AND THE SURVIVAL OF SYRIAC A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino by Ibrahim George Aboud March 2008 Approved by: 3/llW Salaam Yousif, Date Ronq Chen ABSTRACT Religious systems exert tremendous influence on shaping language policy, both in the ancient and the modern states of the Fertile Crescent. For two millennia the Syriac language was a symbol of identity among its Christian communities. Religious disputes in the Byzantine era produced not only doctrinal rivalries but also linguistic differences. Throughout the Islamic era, the Syriac language remained the language of the majority despite.Arabic hegemony.
  • Copyright © 2012 by the Institute for European and Mediterranean Archaeology the State University of New York at Buffalo

    Copyright © 2012 by the Institute for European and Mediterranean Archaeology the State University of New York at Buffalo

    Copyright © 2012 by The Institute for European and Mediterranean Archaeology The State University of New York at Buffalo ISSN 2159-9904 (print) ISSN 2159-9912 (online) All rights reserved. No part of this volume may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, or stored within a retrieval system, without prior permission of the publisher. Editor in Chief Laura Harrison Associate Editors James Artz Darren Poltorak Carissa Nicholson Review Editors Jacob Brady Aaron Chapnick Brian Devine Cover image: Stone Lion dating to the 9th-8th century BCE (Neo-Hittite Period) uncovered at Tell Tayinat. Courtesy Tayinat Archaeological Project Photo credit: Jennifer Jackson Printed in Buffalo, New York by Complemar Print First published in New York in 2012 Funding for Chronika is provided by: SUB BOARD, INC. THE GRADUATE STUDENT ASSOCIATION THE INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ARCHAEOLOGY THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY THE DEPARTMENT OF CLASSICS THE DEPARTMENT OF VISUAL STUDIES Chronika, Volume II Table of Contents Editor’s Introduction Technological Choice and Change in the Southwest Bath in the Athenian Agora 1 James Artz Minoan Metal Vessel Manufacturing: Techniques and Technology 11 Christina Clarke The Emergence of Sociopolitical Complexity at Gournia: Local and Regional Perspectives 22 Laura Harrison Pottery in the Landscape: Ceramic Analysis at the City-Kingdom of Idalion, Cyprus 31 Rebecca Bartusewich Planning for Heritage Preservation in Western Turkey: a GIS Approach to Archaeotourism