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Information to Users INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the t»rt directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter free, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographicaUy in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Infonnaticn Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Atix)r MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 PALATAUZATION AND CORONALIZATION IN RUSSIAN AND CZECH: A NON-LINEAR APPROACH DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Michael S. Boyd, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1997 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Charles E. Cribble, Advisor Professor Daniel Collins ___________ Advisor Professor Ernest Scatton Department of Slavic and East European Languages and Literatures UMI Number: 9801649 UMI Microform 9801649 Copyright 1997, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the processes of palatalization and coronalization, as well as the representation of palatalized and palatal consonants and front vowels in Contemporary Standard Russian and Czech. The analysis is couched in generative theories of non-linear phonology. Specifically, I follow the constriction-based model of Feature Geometry proposed in Clements & Hume (1995). The distinction between rules of palatalization, which create a secondarily palatalized segment, and coronalization, which cause velar consonants to front (and dentals to back), is based primarily on Hume (1992). The discussion of the timing tier and syllable and their interaction with palatalization processes is based on a somewhat modified version of Levin's X-Theory (1985). By applying these theories to Slavic data, I offer both an innovative explanation of traditional problems and further evidence in support of the theoretical claims. The dissertation is divided into six chapters. In Chapter 1 ,1 briefly discuss the difference between processes of palatalization and coronalization and the representation of palatalized consonants. Further, I present an introduction to the theoretical bases on which the analysis is based. The three theoretical frameworks adopted in this work are highlighted: the Clements and Hume (1995) model of Feature Geometry, a modified X-slot Theory and Lexical Phonology. Chapters 2 and 3 are concerned with Contemporar}’- Standard Russian [GSR]. In Chapter 2, the phonological system of CSR and its representation are discussed. Specific emphasis is given to the discussion of the representation of the so-called paired (or "soft" and "hard") consonants, the velars and alveopalatal consonants, as well as the high vowel system. In the work it is claimed that the velar consonants are paired for phonemic palatalization, the distinction between / i/ and / y/is phonemic, and the jers are underlying synchronically. In Chapter 3, the most important rules of palatalization and coronalization of CSR are discussed. We formulate and discuss the rules of Surface Palatalization, First Velar Palatalization and Jotation for the consonantal system, as well as e —> o and reduction rules for the vocalic system. Evidence is provided for a general rule of Surface Palatalization which occurs in the environment of any coronal segment, either vocalic or consonantal. Moreover, after Bethin (1992b), Jotation is reanalyzed as two different types of rule: one which creates a "contour" segment and another which readjusts this contour depending on the class of consonants. The rules concerning the vowels are also given a new explanation in light of the non-linear frameworks. Chapters 4 and 5 deal with Contemporary Standard Czech [CSCz]. In Chapter 4, after a brief discussion of the various codes that comprise CSCz, the phonemic system of the language is introduced. Of particular relevance are the underlying representation of the pre-palatal consonants (which are viewed as "palatalized"), a four-way distinction among the non-back vowels and the presence of a single underlying synchronic jer. The theoretical framework provides for the new analysis of the vowels, and it is proposed that CSCz makes crucial reference to the presence and/or absence of the feature [-anterior] in distinguishing among the vowels underlyingly. In Chapter 5 the major rules of lU palatalization and coronalization in CSCz are formulated and ordered: Coronal Palatalization, Labial Palatalization, Second Velar Palatalization, Dorsal Coronalization and Rotation. Of these rules, it is claimed, only the second one is active at a phonological level, while the others are all morphologically bound. Dorsal Coronalization (formerly. First Velar Palatalization) and Jotation are combined into a single rule. Chapter 6 concludes the work with a detailed comparison of the phonological inventories and an investigation of the rule systems of the two languages. It is demonstrated that underlying phonemic distinctions rely more on the consonants in CSR, on the one hand, and more on the vowels in CSCz, on the other. Furthermore, while the structural descriptions of many of the rules are similar or even identical, the outputs of most of them are different. Thus, CSR has a rule of Surface Palatalization which operates both at a morphological and phonological level, while the similar rule of Coronal Palatalization in CSCz is limited to morphological environments. Nevertheless, CSCz has a distinct rule of Labial Palatalization which is both morphological and phonological, while CSR has nothing similar. In summary, it is demonstrated, with the help of generative theoretical constructs, that the two related languages differ in their treament of phenomena of palatalization and coronalization. IV In Memory of Ruth O. Lank (1907-1996) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many people who deserve my thanks for the completion of this dissertation. First of all, I thank my advisor, Charles Cribble and my readers, Dan Collins and Ernest Scatton for their intellectual support and guidance which made this work possible. I thank Jerzy Rubach for providing me with such a stimulating introduction to the frameworks. I also wish to thank the rest of the professors in the Slavic Department and Linguistics Department. A very special thanks to Gail and Susan in the Slavic Department Office. Finally, I thank my family, Erin for her undying support and friendship and Massimiliano for his patience, spiritual guidance and for making me finish. I could not have finished without them. VI VITA December 13,1966 ...................................... Bom, Concord, New Hampshire 1991 ................................................................. M.A., The Ohio State University 1989-1993 ....................................................... Graduate Teaching and Research Assistant, The Ohio State University 1993-1995 ....................................................... Graduate Fellow The Ohio State University FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Slavic and East European Languages and Literatures vu TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract........................................................................................................................... ii Dedication ...................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgments........................................................................................................vi Vita ...................................................................................................................................vii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................xii List of Figures.................................................................................................................xiv Chapters: 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................1 1.0 Preliminary Remarks .................................................................................1 1.1 Palatalization and Coronalization ...........................................................1 1.2 Theoretical Bases ........................................................................................ 4 vm 2. CSR Phonology
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