HCC and cancer mutated genes summarized in the literature Gene symbol Gene name References*
A2M Alpha-2-macroglobulin (4)
ABL1 c-abl oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (4,5,22)
ACBD7 Acyl-Coenzyme A binding domain containing 7 (23)
ACTL6A Actin-like 6A (4,5)
ACTL6B Actin-like 6B (4)
ACVR1B Activin A receptor, type IB (21,22)
ACVR2A Activin A receptor, type IIA (4,21)
ADAM10 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 (5)
ADAMTS9 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 (4)
ADCY2 Adenylate cyclase 2 (brain) (26)
AJUBA Ajuba LIM protein (21)
AKAP9 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein (yotiao) 9 (4)
Akt AKT serine/threonine kinase (28)
AKT1 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (5,21,22)
AKT2 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 (4)
ALB Albumin (4)
ALK Anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (22)
AMPH Amphiphysin (24)
ANK3 Ankyrin 3, node of Ranvier (ankyrin G) (4)
ANKRD12 Ankyrin repeat domain 12 (4)
ANO1 Anoctamin 1, calcium activated chloride channel (4)
APC Adenomatous polyposis coli (4,5,21,22,25,28)
APOB Apolipoprotein B [including Ag(x) antigen] (4)
AR Androgen receptor (5,21-23)
ARAP1 ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 (4)
ARHGAP35 Rho GTPase activating protein 35 (21)
ARID1A AT rich interactive domain 1A (SWI-like) (4,5,21,22,24,25,27,28)
ARID1B AT rich interactive domain 1B (SWI1-like) (4,5,22)
ARID2 AT rich interactive domain 2 (ARID, RFX-like) (4,5,22,24,25,27,28)
ARID4A AT rich interactive domain 4A (RBP1-like) (28)
ARID5B AT rich interactive domain 5B (MRF1-like) (21)
ASPM Asp (abnormal spindle) homolog, microcephaly associated (Drosophila) (4)
ASXL1 Additional sex combs like 1 (Drosophila) (21,22)
ATAD3B Similar to AAA-ATPase TOB3; ATPase family, AAA domain containing 3B (23)
ATM Similar to serine-protein kinase ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) (A-T, mutated); ataxia telangiectasia mutated (4,5,21,22,25,27)
ATP10A ATPase, class V, type 10A (4)
ATP10B ATPase, class V, type 10B (4)
ATP13A1 ATPase type 13A1 (4)
ATR Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related; similar to ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein (4,5,21)
ATRX Alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (RAD54 homolog, S. cerevisiae) (21,22)
AXIN1 Axin 1 (1,2,3,5,6,7,9
AXIN2 Axin 2 (4,21)
AXL AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (4)
B2M Beta-2-microglobulin (22)
B4GALT3 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 3 (21)
BAF170 Also known as SMARCC2 (5)
BAF53 Brahma associated protein 53 kDa (5)
BAF60 Brahma associated protein 60 kDa (5)
BAG3/4 BCL2 associated athanogene 3/4 (28)
BAP1 BRCA1 associated protein-1 (ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase) (21,22)
BCL2 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (22)
BCL9 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 (25)
BCOR BCL6 co-repressor (22)
BRAF v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (4,21,22,25)
BRCA1 Breast cancer 1, early onset (5,21,22)
BRCA2 Breast cancer 2, early onset (21,22)
BRD7 Bromodomain containing 7; bromodomain containing 7 pseudogene 2 (5)
BRD9 Bromodomain containing 9 (23)
C18orf34 Chromosome 18 open reading frame 34 (24)
CACNA1F Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1F subunit (4)
CACNA1H Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1H subunit (4)
CACNA2D4 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 4 (26)
CACNG2 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 2 (5)
CACNG4 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 4 (23)
CALM1 Calmodulin 3 (phosphorylase kinase, delta); calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta); calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) (5)
CAMK2A Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (5)
CAMK2G Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma (5)
CARD11 Caspase recruitment domain family, member 11 (22)
CASP8 Caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (22)
CBFB Core-binding factor, beta subunit (21)
CBL Cas-Br-M (murine) ecotropic retroviral transforming sequence (22)
CCND1 Cyclin D1 (4,5,21,25)
CCNE1 Cyclin E1 (4,5)
CCT6B Chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 6B (zeta 2) (28)
CCT8L2 Chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 8 (theta)-like 2 (28)
CD109 CD109 molecule (4)
CDC73 Cell division cycle 73, Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component, homolog (S. Cerevisiae) (22)
CDH1 Cadherin 1, type 1, E-cadherin (epithelial) (21,22)
CDH7 Cadherin 7, type 2 (4)
CDK11A Similar to cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 2 (PITSLRE proteins) (28)
CDK11B Similar to cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 2 (PITSLRE proteins) (28)
CDK12 Cdc2-related kinase, arginine/serine-rich (21)
CDK4 Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (4)
CDKN1A Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) (4,5,21)
CDKN1B Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27, Kip1) (5,21,28)
CDKN2A Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (melanoma, p16, inhibits CDK4) (4,5,21,22,25,27,28)
CDKN2B Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (p15, inhibits CDK4) (4
CDKN2C Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (p18, inhibits CDK4) (21,28)
CEBPA CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha (21,22)
CFH Complement factor H (4)
CFHR1 Complement factor H-related 1 (4)
CFHR2 Complement factor H-related 2 (4)
CHD1L Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1-like (25)
CHD3 Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 3 (28)
CHD4 Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 4 (28)
CHD7 Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (4)
CHEK1 CHK1 checkpoint homolog (S. Pombe) (5)
CHEK2 Protein kinase CHK2-like; CHK2 checkpoint homolog (S. Pombe); similar to hcg1983233 (5,21)
CIC Capicua homolog (Drosophila) (22)
CLTC Clathrin, heavy chain (Hc) (4)
CNOT1 CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 1 (4)
COL11A1 Collagen, type XI, alpha 1 (26)
COL12A1 Collagen, type XII, alpha 1 (4)
COL16A1 Collagen, type XVI, alpha 1 (4)
COL1A1 Collagen, type I, alpha 1 (25)
COL1A2 Collagen, type I, alpha 2 (4)
COL3A1 Collagen, type III, alpha 1 (4)
COL5A1 Collagen, type V, alpha 1 (4)
COL6A3 Collagen, type VI, alpha 3 (4)
COL7A1 Collagen, type VII, alpha 1 (4)
CPA2 Carboxypeptidase A2 (pancreatic) (23)
CREBBP CREB binding protein (4,5,22)
CRIPAK Cysteine-rich PAK1 inhibitor (21)
CRLF2 Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (22)
CS Citrate synthase (4)
CSF1R Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (22)
CSMD3 CUB and Sushi multiple domains 3 (24)
CSNK1A1 Casein kinase 1, alpha 1 (5)
CSNK1E Casein kinase 1, epsilon (28)
CTCF CCCTC-binding factor (zinc finger protein) (21)
CTNNB1 Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88 kDa (4,5,21-23,25-28)
CUL3 Cullin 3 (4,5)
CYLD Cylindromatosis (turban tumor syndrome) (22)
CYP11B2 Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2 (4)
CYP2E1 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, polypeptide 1 (28)
CYP2F1 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily F, polypeptide 1 (28)
DAPK1 Death-associated protein kinase 1 (4)
DAXX Death-domain associated protein (22)
DCHS1 Dachsous 1 (Drosophila) (4)
DLC1 Deleted in liver cancer 1 (28)
DLG1 Discs, large homolog 1 (Drosophila) (5)
DLL1 Delta-like 1 (Drosophila) (5)
DMD Dystrophin (4)
DNAH12 Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 12 (4)
DNAH3 Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 3 (4)
DNAJB3 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 3 (28)
DNAJC22 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 22 (28)
DNMT1 DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1 (22)
DNMT3A DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 alpha (21,22)
DOCK2 Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (4)
DSCAM Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (4)
DSE Dermatan sulfate epimerase (24)
DSP Desmoplakin (4)
DST Dystonin (4)
DTX1 Deltex homolog 1 (Drosophila) (5)
DVL1 Dishevelled, dsh homolog 1 (Drosophila); dishevelled, dsh homolog 1 (Drosophila)-like 1 (5)
EDEM1 ER degradation enhancer, mannosidase alpha-like 1 (28)
EGF Epidermal growth factor (beta-urogastrone) (5)
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor [erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-b) oncogene homolog, avian] (4,5,21,22)
EGR3 Early growth response 3 (21)
EIF4A2 Similar to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, isoform 2 (21)
ELAVL1 ELAV (embryonic lethal, abnormal vision, Drosophila)-like 1 (Hu antigen R) (23)
ELF3 E74-like factor 3 (ets domain transcription factor, epithelial-specific) (21)
ELMO1 Engulfment and cell motility 1 (24)
EP300 E1A binding protein p300 (4,21,22,28)
EPB41L3 Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3 (4)
EPHA3 EPH receptor A3 (21)
EPHA4 EPH receptor A4 (4)
EPHB6 EPH receptor B6 (21)
EPPK1 Epiplakin 1 (21)
EPS15 Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 (26)
ERBB2 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian) (4,22)
ERBB3 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (avian) (5)
ERBB4 v-erb-a erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4 (avian) (5,21)
ERCC2 Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 2 (21)
EREG Epiregulin (5
ERN1 Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 (28)
EZH2 Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Drosophila) (21,22)
F10 Coagulation factor X (5)
F2 Coagulation factor II (thrombin) (5)
F2R Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor (5)
F7 Coagulation factor VII (serum prothrombin conversion accelerator) (5)
F8 Coagulation factor VIII, procoagulant component (4)
FAM120C Family with sequence similarity 120C (4)
FAM123B Family with sequence similarity 123B (22)
FAM5C Family with sequence similarity 5, member C (26)
FASN Fatty acid synthase (4)
FAT4 FAT tumor suppressor homolog 4 (Drosophila) (4)
FBN1 Fibrillin 1 (4)
FBXW7 F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (5,21,22)
FGA Fibrinogen alpha chain (4,5)
FGB Fibrinogen beta chain (5)
FGF19 Fibroblast growth factor 19 (4,5,25)
FGF3 Fibroblast growth factor 3 (murine mammary tumor virus integration site (v-int-2) oncogene homolog) (4)
FGF4 Fibroblast growth factor 4 (4)
FGFR2 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (4,21,22)
FGFR3 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (21,22)
FGFR4 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (4)
FGG Fibrinogen gamma chain (5)
FLT1 fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor receptor) (4)
FLT3 fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (4,21,22)
FLT4 fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 (4)
FN1 Fibronectin 1 (4)
FOXA1 Forkhead box A1 (21)
FOXA2 Forkhead box A2 (21)
FOXL2 Forkhead box L2 (22)
FRAS1 Fraser syndrome 1 (4)
FUBP1 Far upstream element (FUSE) binding protein 1 (22)
FZR1 Fizzy/cell division cycle 20 related 1 (Drosophila) (4,28)
GATA1 GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcription factor 1) (22)
GATA2 GATA binding protein 2 (22)
GATA3 GATA binding protein 3 (21,22)
GDF1 Growth differentiation factor 1; LAG1 homolog, ceramide synthase 1 (4)
GDF15 Growth differentiation factor 15 (4)
GJA1 Gap junction protein, alpha 1, 43 kDa (23)
GMIP GEM interacting protein (4)
GNA11 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha 11 (Gq class) (22)
GNAQ Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), q polypeptide (22)
GNAS GNAS complex locus (22)
GPAM Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial (4)
GPKOW G patch domain and KOW motifs (4)
GPR158 G protein-coupled receptor 158 (4)
GPR183 G protein-coupled receptor 183 (23)
GRIA1 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 1 (5)
GRIA2 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2 (5)
GRIA3 Glutamate receptor, ionotrophic, AMPA 3 (5)
GRIA4 Glutamate receptor, ionotrophic, AMPA 4 (5)
GSDMC Gasdermin C (4)
GSK3B Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (5)
H3F3A H3 histone, family 3B (H3.3B); H3 histone, family 3A pseudogene; H3 histone, family 3A; similar to H3 histone, family 3B; similar to histone H3.3B (22)
H3F3C Histone H3-like (21)
HAS1 Hyaluronan synthase 1 (4)
HAT1 Histone acetyltransferase 1 (28)
HDAC9 Histone deacetylase 9 (28)
HEY2 Hypothetical LOC100129733; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 2 (5)
HGF Hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor) (4,21)
HIST1H1C Histone cluster 1, h1c (21)
HIST1H2BD Histone cluster 1, h2bd (21)
HIST1H2BF Histone cluster 1, h2bi; histone cluster 1, h2bg; histone cluster 1, h2be; histone cluster 1, h2bf; histone cluster 1, h2bc (28)
Histone cluster 1, h3j; histone cluster 1, h3i; histone cluster 1, h3h; histone cluster 1, h3g; histone cluster 1, h3f; histone cluster 1, h3e; histone cluster 1, h3d; HIST1H3B (22) histone cluster 1, h3c; histone cluster 1, h3b; histone cluster 1, h3a; histone cluster 1, h2ad; histone cluster 2, h3a; histone cluster 2, h3c; histone cluster 2, h3d
HNF1A HNF1 homeobox A (4,22,25)
HRAS v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (22)
HUWE1 HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1 (4)
IDH1 Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+), soluble (21,22)
IDH2 Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (NADP+), mitochondrial (21,22)
IGF1 Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) (5)
IGF1R Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (4,5)
IGHMBP2 Immunoglobulin mu binding protein 2 (4)
IGSF3 Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 3 (23)
IL6R Interleukin 6 receptor (4)
IL6ST Interleukin 6 signal transducer (gp130, oncostatin M receptor) (4,27)
INPP4B Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase, type II, 105 kDa (5)
INSR Insulin receptor (4)
IRF2 Interferon regulatory factor 2 (4,27,28)
ITGAD integrin, alpha D (4)
ITK IL2-inducible T-cell kinase (4)
ITSN2 Intersectin 2 (4)
JAK1 Janus kinase 1 (4,22,26,27)
JAK2 Janus kinase 2 (22,25)
JAK3 Janus kinase 3 (4,22)
JMJD1C Jumonji domain containing 1C (4,28)
JMJD8 Jumonji domain containing 8 (28)
KALRN Kalirin, RhoGEF kinase (4)
KAT2A K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2A (5)
KAT2B K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2B (5)
KDM1A Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1 (5)
KDM5C Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 5C (21,22)
KDM6A Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6A (5,21,22)
KDR Kinase insert domain receptor (a type III receptor tyrosine kinase) (4)
KEAP1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (4,5,21,23,27,28)
KIAA1109 KIAA1109 (4)
KIAA1211L KIAA1211 like (4)
KIF21B Kinesin family member 21B (4)
KIF26B Kinesin family member 26B (4)
Similar to mast/stem cell growth factor receptor precursor (SCFR) (Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Kit) (c-kit) (CD117 antigen); v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman KIT (4,21,22) 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
KLF4 Kruppel-like factor 4 (gut) (22)
KNTC1 kinetochore associated 1 (4)
KRAS v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (21,22,25,28)
LARP1 La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 1 (23)
LCT Lactase (4)
LEF1 Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (5)
LIFR Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha (21)
LRP1B Low density lipoprotein-related protein 1B (deleted in tumors) (26)
LRRK2 Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (21)
MACF1 Microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1 (4)
MAGEC1 Melanoma antigen family C, 1 (4)
MALAT1 Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (non-protein coding) (21)
MAML1 Mastermind-like 1 (Drosophila) (5)
MAML3 Mastermind-like 3 (Drosophila) (5)
MAP1B Microtubule-associated protein 1B (4)
MAP2 Microtubule-associated protein 2 (4)
MAP2K1 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (4,22)
MAP2K3 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (4)
MAP2K4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (21)
MAP2K7 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (4)
MAP3K1 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (4,21,22)
MAP3K10 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10 (4)
MAP3K11 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 (4)
MAP3K12 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12 (4,28)
MAP3K13 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 13 (4)
MAP3K15 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 15 (4)
MAP3K19 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 19 (4)
MAP3K2 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (4)
MAP3K4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4 (4)
MAP3K5 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (4)
MAP3K7 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 (4)
MAP3K9 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 9 (4)
MAPK10 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 (4)
MAPK12 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 (4)
MAPK13 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 (4)
MAPK14 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (4)
MAPK4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (4)
MAPK8 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (4,28)
MAPK8IP1 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 interacting protein 1 (21)
MAPKAP1 Mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1 (5)
MAST4 Microtubule associated serine/threonine kinase family member 4 (4)
MCC Mutated in colorectal cancers (28)
MCM6 Minichromosome maintenance complex component 6 (28)
MDM2 Mdm2 p53 binding protein homolog (mouse) (4,28)
MECOM Ecotropic viral integration site 1 (21)
MED12 Mediator complex subunit 12 (22)
MED13L Mediator complex subunit 13-like (4)
MEF2C Myocyte enhancer factor 2C (4)
MEN1 Multiple endocrine neoplasia I (22)
MET Met proto-oncogene (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) (4,22)
MIR142 MicroRNA 142 (21)
MLH1 MutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli) (22)
MLL2 Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 2, also called KMT2D (4,21,22,27)
MLL3 Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 3, also called KMT2C (4,21,22,27)
MLL4 Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 4, also called KMT2B (4,5,21,27)
MLL5 Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 5 (trithorax homolog, Drosophila) (4)
MLST8 MTOR associated protein, LST8 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (5)
MORC3 MORC family CW-type zinc finger 3 (4)
MPL Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (22)
MRE11A MRE11 meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (S. cerevisiae) (5)
MSH2 MutS homolog 2, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 1 (E. coli) (22)
MSH6 MutS homolog 6 (E. coli) (22)
MTAP Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (4)
MTDH Metadherin (25)
MTOR Mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase) (4,5,21)
MUC2 Mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming (4)
MYC v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian) (4)
MYD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response gene [88] (22)
MYEOV Myeloma overexpressed [in a subset of t (11;14) positive multiple myelomas] (4)
MYOM2 Myomesin (M-protein) 2, 165 kDa (4)
NAV3 Neuron navigator 3; similar to neuron navigator 3 (4,21)
NBEA Neurobeachin (4)
NBEAL2 Neurobeachin-like 2 (4)
NBL1 Neuroblastoma, suppression of tumorigenicity 1 (23)
NBN Nibrin (5)
NCOA1 Nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (5)
NCOR1 Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (5,21,22)
NCOR2 Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 (4,5)
NF1 Neurofibromin 1 (4,5,21,22)
NF2 Neurofibromin 2 (merlin) (22)
NFE2L1 Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 1 (4)
NFE2L2 Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (4,5,21,22,25,27,28)
NFE2L3 Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 3 (4,21)
NOS3 Nitric oxide synthase 3 (endothelial cell) (28)
NOTCH1 Notch homolog 1, translocation-associated (Drosophila) (5,21,22)
NOTCH2 Notch homolog 2 (Drosophila) (5,22)
NOTCH3 Notch homolog 3 (Drosophila) (5)
NOTCH4 Notch homolog 4 (Drosophila) (5)
NOX5 NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 (28)
Nucleophosmin 1 (nucleolar phosphoprotein B23, numatrin) pseudogene 21; hypothetical LOC100131044; similar to nucleophosmin 1; nucleophosmin (nucleolar NPM1 (21,22) phosphoprotein B23, numatrin)
NRAS Neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog (21,22,25)
NRG2 Neuregulin 2 (5)
NSD1 Nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 (21)
NSF N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (5)
NTRK3 Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3 (4)
NUDT2 Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 2 (23)
NUP205 Nucleoporin 205 kDa (4)
NUP98 Nucleoporin 98 kDa (4)
OR2M4 Olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily M, member 4 (23)
OR51G1 Olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily G, member 1 (23)
ORAOV1 Oral cancer overexpressed 1 (4)
PAK2 p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2 (28)
PAPSS2 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate synthase 2 (4)
PARK7 Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7 (28)
PAX5 Paired box 5 (22)
PBRM1 Polybromo 1 (4,21,22,28)
PBX4 Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 4 (4)
PCBP1 Poly(rC) binding protein 1 (21)
PCF11 PCF11, cleavage and polyadenylation factor subunit, homolog (S. cerevisiae) (4)
PCMTD1 Protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase domain containing 1 (23)
PCSK5 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (4)
PDGFA Platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide (5)
PDGFB Platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide [simian sarcoma viral (v-sis) oncogene homolog] (5)
PDGFRA Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide (4,5,21,22)
PDGFRB Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, beta polypeptide (4,5)
PDIA2 Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 2 (28)
PEG3 Paternally expressed 3; PEG3 antisense RNA (non-protein coding); zinc finger, imprinted 2 (4)
PHF20L1 PHD finger protein 20-like 1 (4)
PHF6 PHD finger protein 6 (21,22)
PHGR1 Hypothetical protein LOC644844 (23)
PICK1 Protein interacting with PRKCA 1 (5)
PIK3C2A Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, alpha polypeptide (4)
PIK3C2B Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, beta polypeptide (4)
PIK3C2G Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, gamma polypeptide (4)
PIK3CA Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, alpha polypeptide (4,5,21,22,25,27,28)
PIK3CB Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, beta polypeptide (5)
PIK3CD Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, delta polypeptide (4)
PIK3CG Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, gamma polypeptide (4,5,21,28)
PIK3IP1 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase interacting protein 1 (4)
PIK3R1 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 (alpha) (4,21,22)
PIK3R2 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 2 (beta) (4,5)
PIK3R3 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3 (gamma) (5)
PIK3R4 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 4 (4)
PIK3R6 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 6 (4)
PLAT Plasminogen activator, tissue (5)
PLCE1 Phospholipase C, epsilon 1 (4)
PLCG1 Phospholipase C, gamma 1 (5)
PLCG2 Phospholipase C, gamma 2 (phosphatidylinositol-specific) (5)
PLEC Similar to plectin 1 (PLTN) (PCN) (Hemidesmosomal protein 1) (HD1); plectin 1, intermediate filament binding protein 500 kDa (4)
PLG Plasminogen (5)
POLQ Polymerase (DNA directed), theta (21)
POLR2A Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220 kDa (5)
PPP2R1A Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit A, alpha isoform (21,22)
PRDM1 PR domain containing 1, with ZNF domain (22)
PRKCB Protein kinase C, beta (28)
PRKCG Protein kinase C, gamma (5)
PRKDC Similar to protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide; protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide (4,5)
PROC Protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa) (5)
PRX Periaxin (21)
PSEN1 Presenilin 1 (5)
PTCH1 Patched homolog 1 (Drosophila) (22)
PTEN Phosphatase and tensin homolog; phosphatase and tensin homolog pseudogene 1 (4,5,21,22,25,28)
PTPN11 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11; similar to protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 (21,22)
PTPN3 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 3 (4)
PTPRB Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, B (4)
PTPRD Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, D (4)
PTPRN2 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, N polypeptide 2 (4)
PTPRQ Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, Q (4)
RAD21 RAD21 homolog (S. pombe) (21)
RAD50 RAD50 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (5)
RAD51 RAD51 homolog (RecA homolog, E. coli) (S. cerevisiae) (5)
RB1 Retinoblastoma 1 (4,5,21,22,25,28)
RBBP4 Hypothetical LOC642954; retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (5)
RBBP8 Retinoblastoma binding protein 8 (5)
RBPJ Recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (5)
RET Ret proto-oncogene (4,22)
RICTOR RPTOR independent companion of MTOR, complex 2 (5)
RNF43 Ring finger protein 43 (22)
ROR2 Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (4)
RPL22 Ribosomal protein L22 pseudogene 11; ribosomal protein L22 (4,21)
RPL5 Ribosomal protein L5 pseudogene 34; ribosomal protein L5 pseudogene 1; ribosomal protein L5 (21
RPS6KA3 Ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90 kDa, polypeptide 3 (4,5,27,28)
RUNX1 Runt-related transcription factor 1 (21,22)
RUNX2 Runt-related transcription factor 2 (5)
SACS Spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (sacsin) (4)
SAMD9L Sterile alpha motif domain containing 9-like (24)
SAP30 Sin3A-associated protein, 30 kDa (5)
SDK2 Sidekick homolog 2 (chicken) (4)
SEMA6D Sema domain, transmembrane domain (TM), and cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 6D (4)
SERPINC1 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade C (antithrombin), member 1 (5)
SETBP1 SET binding protein 1 (21,22)
SETD2 SET domain containing 2 (4,21,22)
SETDB1 SET domain, bifurcated 1 (5)
SF3B1 Splicing factor 3b, subunit 1, 155 kDa (21,22)
SH3BP1 SH3-domain binding protein 1 (23)
SHC1 SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1 (5)
SIN3A SIN3 homolog A, transcription regulator (yeast) (5,21)
SLC10A1 Solute carrier family 10 (sodium/bile acid cotransporter family), member 1 (26)
SLIT3 Slit homolog 3 (Drosophila) (4)
SLX4 SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease subunit (4)
SMAD2 SMAD family member 2 (21,22)
SMAD4 SMAD family member 4 (21,22)
SMARCA1 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 1 (28)
SMARCA2 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 2 (4,5,28)
SMARCA4 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4 (4,5,22,25,28)
SMARCAD1 SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, containing DEAD/H box 1 (28)
SMARCB1 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily b, member 1 (4,5,22,28)
SMARCC1 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily c, member 1 (4,5)
SMARCC2 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily c, member 2 (4,5)
SMARCD1 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily d, member 1 (5)
SMARCE1 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily e, member 1 (4,5)
SMC1A Structural maintenance of chromosomes 1A (21)
SMC3 Structural maintenance of chromosomes 3 (4,21)
SMCHD1 Structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain containing 1 (4)
SMO Smoothened homolog (Drosophila) (22)
SNW1 SNW domain containing 1 (5)
SOCS1 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (22)
SOD1 Superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (28)
SOS1 Son of sevenless homolog 1 (Drosophila) (4,5)
SOS2 Son of sevenless homolog 2 (Drosophila) (5)
SOX17 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 17 (21)
SOX9 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (21,22)
SPAG17 Sperm associated antigen 17 (24)
SPEG SPEG complex locus (4)
SPEN Spen homolog, transcriptional regulator (Drosophila) (5)
SPOP Speckle-type POZ protein (21,22)
SPTB Spectrin, beta, erythrocytic (4)
SRCAP Snf2-related CREBBP activator protein (4,5)
SRSF2 Serine and arginine rich splicing factor 2 (22)
SSPO SCO-spondin homolog (Bos taurus) (4)
STAG2 Stromal antigen 2 (21,22)
STAT1 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91 kDa (4)
STAT2 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2, 113 kDa (4)
STAT4 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (4)
STAT5A Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (4)
STAT6 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced (4)
STK11 Serine/threonine kinase 11 (5,21,22,28)
STRADA STE20-related kinase adaptor alpha (28)
SVOP SV2 related protein homolog (rat) (23)
SYNE2 Spectrin repeat containing, nuclear envelope 2 (4)
TAF1 TAF1 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 250 kDa (21)
TBL1XR1 Transducin (beta)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (4,21)
TBX3 T-box 3 (21)
TCF7L2 Transcription factor 7-like 2 (T-cell specific, HMG-box) (4)
TEK TEK tyrosine kinase, endothelial (4)
TEP1 Telomerase-associated protein 1 (5)
TERT Telomerase reverse transcriptase (4,5,27)
TET2 Tet oncogene family member 2 (21,22)
TFPI Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor) (5)
TGFBR2 Transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80 kDa) (21)
TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4 (21)
TMEM170A Transmembrane protein 170A (5)
TMEM51 Transmembrane protein 51 (5)
TMEM66 Transmembrane protein 66 (5)
TNFAIP3 Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3 (22)
TP53 Tumor protein p53 (4,5,21-28)
TP73 Tumor protein p73 (5)
TPCN2 Two pore segment channel 2 (4)
TPO Thyroid peroxidase (23)
TRAF7 TNF receptor-associated factor 7 (22)
TSC1 Tuberous sclerosis 1 (4,5,22)
TSC2 Tuberous sclerosis 2 (4,5,25)
TSHR Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (22)
TSHZ2 Teashirt zinc finger homeobox 2 (21)
TSHZ3 Teashirt zinc finger homeobox 3 (21)
TTC40 Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 40 (4)
TTLL2 Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 2 (23)
U2AF1 U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (21,22)
UNC13A Unc-13 homolog A (C. Elegans) (4)
UNC13C Unc-13 homolog C (C. Elegans) (4
USP34 Ubiquitin specific peptidase 34 (4)
USP9X Ubiquitin specific peptidase 9, X-linked (21)
VCAN Versican (4)
VEGFA Vascular endothelial growth factor A (4)
VEZF1 Vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (21)
VHL Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (21,22)
VPS13B Vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog B (yeast) (4)
VPS29 Vacuolar protein sorting 29 homolog (S. Cerevisiae) (23)
WBSCR17 Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosome region 17 (4)
WDFY4 WDFY family member 4 (4)
WNT10A Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10A (4)
WNT10B Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10B (4)
WNT7B Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7B (4)
WT1 Wilms tumor 1 (21,22)
XRCC5 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 5 (double-strand-break rejoining) (5)
XRCC6 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 6; similar to ATP-dependent DNA helicase II, 70 kDa subunit (5)
YY1 YY1 transcription factor (5)
ZFHX3 Zinc finger homeobox 3; hypothetical LOC100132068 (4)
ZFHX4 Zinc finger homeobox 4 (4)
ZFPM2 Zinc finger protein, multitype 2 (4)
ZNF292 Zinc finger protein 292 (4)
ZNF469 Zinc finger protein 469 (4)
ZNF521 Zinc finger protein 521 (4)
ZNF638 Zinc finger protein 638 (4)
ZNF717 Zinc finger protein 717 (4
ZNRF3 Zinc and ring finger 3 (4)
β-actin Actin, beta (5) *HCC and cancer mutated genes were summarized from ten published papers. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.