HCC and cancer mutated genes summarized in the literature Gene symbol Gene name References* A2M Alpha-2-macroglobulin (4) ABL1 c-abl oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (4,5,22) ACBD7 Acyl-Coenzyme A binding domain containing 7 (23) ACTL6A Actin-like 6A (4,5) ACTL6B Actin-like 6B (4) ACVR1B Activin A receptor, type IB (21,22) ACVR2A Activin A receptor, type IIA (4,21) ADAM10 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 (5) ADAMTS9 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 (4) ADCY2 Adenylate cyclase 2 (brain) (26) AJUBA Ajuba LIM protein (21) AKAP9 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein (yotiao) 9 (4) Akt AKT serine/threonine kinase (28) AKT1 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (5,21,22) AKT2 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 (4) ALB Albumin (4) ALK Anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (22) AMPH Amphiphysin (24) ANK3 Ankyrin 3, node of Ranvier (ankyrin G) (4) ANKRD12 Ankyrin repeat domain 12 (4) ANO1 Anoctamin 1, calcium activated chloride channel (4) APC Adenomatous polyposis coli (4,5,21,22,25,28) APOB Apolipoprotein B [including Ag(x) antigen] (4) AR Androgen receptor (5,21-23) ARAP1 ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 (4) ARHGAP35 Rho GTPase activating protein 35 (21) ARID1A AT rich interactive domain 1A (SWI-like) (4,5,21,22,24,25,27,28) ARID1B AT rich interactive domain 1B (SWI1-like) (4,5,22) ARID2 AT rich interactive domain 2 (ARID, RFX-like) (4,5,22,24,25,27,28) ARID4A AT rich interactive domain 4A (RBP1-like) (28) ARID5B AT rich interactive domain 5B (MRF1-like) (21) ASPM Asp (abnormal spindle) homolog, microcephaly associated (Drosophila) (4) ASXL1 Additional sex combs like 1 (Drosophila) (21,22) ATAD3B Similar to AAA-ATPase TOB3; ATPase family, AAA domain containing 3B (23) ATM Similar to serine-protein kinase ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) (A-T, mutated); ataxia telangiectasia mutated (4,5,21,22,25,27) ATP10A ATPase, class V, type 10A (4) ATP10B ATPase, class V, type 10B (4) ATP13A1 ATPase type 13A1 (4) ATR Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related; similar to ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein (4,5,21) ATRX Alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (RAD54 homolog, S. cerevisiae) (21,22) AXIN1 Axin 1 (1,2,3,5,6,7,9 AXIN2 Axin 2 (4,21) AXL AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (4) B2M Beta-2-microglobulin (22) B4GALT3 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 3 (21) BAF170 Also known as SMARCC2 (5) BAF53 Brahma associated protein 53 kDa (5) BAF60 Brahma associated protein 60 kDa (5) BAG3/4 BCL2 associated athanogene 3/4 (28) BAP1 BRCA1 associated protein-1 (ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase) (21,22) BCL2 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (22) BCL9 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 (25) BCOR BCL6 co-repressor (22) BRAF v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (4,21,22,25) BRCA1 Breast cancer 1, early onset (5,21,22) BRCA2 Breast cancer 2, early onset (21,22) BRD7 Bromodomain containing 7; bromodomain containing 7 pseudogene 2 (5) BRD9 Bromodomain containing 9 (23) C18orf34 Chromosome 18 open reading frame 34 (24) CACNA1F Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1F subunit (4) CACNA1H Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1H subunit (4) CACNA2D4 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 4 (26) CACNG2 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 2 (5) CACNG4 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 4 (23) CALM1 Calmodulin 3 (phosphorylase kinase, delta); calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta); calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) (5) CAMK2A Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (5) CAMK2G Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma (5) CARD11 Caspase recruitment domain family, member 11 (22) CASP8 Caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (22) CBFB Core-binding factor, beta subunit (21) CBL Cas-Br-M (murine) ecotropic retroviral transforming sequence (22) CCND1 Cyclin D1 (4,5,21,25) CCNE1 Cyclin E1 (4,5) CCT6B Chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 6B (zeta 2) (28) CCT8L2 Chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 8 (theta)-like 2 (28) CD109 CD109 molecule (4) CDC73 Cell division cycle 73, Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component, homolog (S. Cerevisiae) (22) CDH1 Cadherin 1, type 1, E-cadherin (epithelial) (21,22) CDH7 Cadherin 7, type 2 (4) CDK11A Similar to cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 2 (PITSLRE proteins) (28) CDK11B Similar to cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins); cell division cycle 2-like 2 (PITSLRE proteins) (28) CDK12 Cdc2-related kinase, arginine/serine-rich (21) CDK4 Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (4) CDKN1A Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) (4,5,21) CDKN1B Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27, Kip1) (5,21,28) CDKN2A Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (melanoma, p16, inhibits CDK4) (4,5,21,22,25,27,28) CDKN2B Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (p15, inhibits CDK4) (4 CDKN2C Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (p18, inhibits CDK4) (21,28) CEBPA CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha (21,22) CFH Complement factor H (4) CFHR1 Complement factor H-related 1 (4) CFHR2 Complement factor H-related 2 (4) CHD1L Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1-like (25) CHD3 Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 3 (28) CHD4 Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 4 (28) CHD7 Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (4) CHEK1 CHK1 checkpoint homolog (S. Pombe) (5) CHEK2 Protein kinase CHK2-like; CHK2 checkpoint homolog (S. Pombe); similar to hcg1983233 (5,21) CIC Capicua homolog (Drosophila) (22) CLTC Clathrin, heavy chain (Hc) (4) CNOT1 CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 1 (4) COL11A1 Collagen, type XI, alpha 1 (26) COL12A1 Collagen, type XII, alpha 1 (4) COL16A1 Collagen, type XVI, alpha 1 (4) COL1A1 Collagen, type I, alpha 1 (25) COL1A2 Collagen, type I, alpha 2 (4) COL3A1 Collagen, type III, alpha 1 (4) COL5A1 Collagen, type V, alpha 1 (4) COL6A3 Collagen, type VI, alpha 3 (4) COL7A1 Collagen, type VII, alpha 1 (4) CPA2 Carboxypeptidase A2 (pancreatic) (23) CREBBP CREB binding protein (4,5,22) CRIPAK Cysteine-rich PAK1 inhibitor (21) CRLF2 Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (22) CS Citrate synthase (4) CSF1R Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (22) CSMD3 CUB and Sushi multiple domains 3 (24) CSNK1A1 Casein kinase 1, alpha 1 (5) CSNK1E Casein kinase 1, epsilon (28) CTCF CCCTC-binding factor (zinc finger protein) (21) CTNNB1 Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88 kDa (4,5,21-23,25-28) CUL3 Cullin 3 (4,5) CYLD Cylindromatosis (turban tumor syndrome) (22) CYP11B2 Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2 (4) CYP2E1 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, polypeptide 1 (28) CYP2F1 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily F, polypeptide 1 (28) DAPK1 Death-associated protein kinase 1 (4) DAXX Death-domain associated protein (22) DCHS1 Dachsous 1 (Drosophila) (4) DLC1 Deleted in liver cancer 1 (28) DLG1 Discs, large homolog 1 (Drosophila) (5) DLL1 Delta-like 1 (Drosophila) (5) DMD Dystrophin (4) DNAH12 Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 12 (4) DNAH3 Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 3 (4) DNAJB3 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 3 (28) DNAJC22 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 22 (28) DNMT1 DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1 (22) DNMT3A DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 alpha (21,22) DOCK2 Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (4) DSCAM Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (4) DSE Dermatan sulfate epimerase (24) DSP Desmoplakin (4) DST Dystonin (4) DTX1 Deltex homolog 1 (Drosophila) (5) DVL1 Dishevelled, dsh homolog 1 (Drosophila); dishevelled, dsh homolog 1 (Drosophila)-like 1 (5) EDEM1 ER degradation enhancer, mannosidase alpha-like 1 (28) EGF Epidermal growth factor (beta-urogastrone) (5) EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor [erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-b) oncogene homolog, avian] (4,5,21,22) EGR3 Early growth response 3 (21) EIF4A2 Similar to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, isoform 2 (21) ELAVL1 ELAV (embryonic lethal, abnormal vision, Drosophila)-like 1 (Hu antigen R) (23) ELF3 E74-like factor 3 (ets domain transcription factor, epithelial-specific) (21) ELMO1 Engulfment and cell motility 1 (24) EP300 E1A binding protein p300 (4,21,22,28) EPB41L3 Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3 (4) EPHA3 EPH receptor A3 (21) EPHA4 EPH receptor A4 (4) EPHB6 EPH receptor B6 (21) EPPK1 Epiplakin 1 (21) EPS15 Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 (26) ERBB2 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian) (4,22) ERBB3 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (avian) (5) ERBB4 v-erb-a erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4 (avian) (5,21) ERCC2 Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 2 (21) EREG Epiregulin (5 ERN1 Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 (28) EZH2 Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Drosophila) (21,22) F10 Coagulation factor X (5) F2 Coagulation factor II (thrombin) (5) F2R Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor (5) F7 Coagulation factor VII (serum prothrombin conversion accelerator) (5) F8 Coagulation factor VIII, procoagulant component (4) FAM120C Family with sequence similarity 120C (4) FAM123B Family with sequence similarity 123B (22) FAM5C Family with sequence similarity 5, member C (26) FASN Fatty acid synthase (4) FAT4 FAT tumor suppressor homolog 4 (Drosophila) (4) FBN1 Fibrillin 1 (4) FBXW7 F-box and WD repeat domain containing