DOCSLIB.ORG

3 Biological Characterization and Status

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
3 Biological Characterization and Status 3 Biological Characterization and Status 3.1 Biodiversity and Endemism Regional Context Two recent regional assessment efforts have identified portions of the Middle Snake subbasins as being areas of regional conservation importance based on high biodiversity and/or the presence of rare or endemic organisms. In 1994, the Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project (ICBEMP) mapped centers of biodiversity and endemism/rarity across the interior Columbia Basin (ICBEMP 2003). In 1999, The Nature Conservancy (TNC) used the Biodiversity Management Area Selection (BMAS) model to develop a conservation portfolio for the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion; the middle and upper portions of the subbasins fall within this ecoregion. In 2003, the SITES model, an upgraded version of the BMAS model, was used to develop a conservation portfolio for the lower reaches of the subbasins. ICBEMP Centers of Biodiversity and Endemism Expert panels of agency and nonagency scientists for the ICBEMP were convened between October 1994 and May 1995 to identify areas of rare and endemic populations of plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate species (ICBEMP 1997). These panels of experts produced maps showing areas having unusually high biodiversity and areas containing high numbers of rare or locally or regionally endemic species (Figure 22 and Figure 23, respectively). The centers of concentration were identified within a short time frame and at a coarse scale, and those identifications were based mainly on the panel’s personal knowledge of areas and species locations. The panel suggested that the areas be considered a first attempt at identifying places having particularly diverse collections of rare or endemic species, or areas with high species richness. Centers of concentration might be candidates for Research Natural Areas or other natural area designations, pending further local assessment and refinement (ICBEMP 1997). Thirty percent of the Middle Snake subbasins were identified as centers of plant biodiversity, while 5% of the subbasins were selected as centers of animal biodiversity. Large areas of plant biodiversity are found in the lowermost portions of the subbasins, the Owyhee Face Drainage, and central-elevation areas of the Big Wood Drainage. Areas selected as centers of animal biodiversity are in the Birds of Prey Natural Conservation Area (Figure 22). Twenty-three percent of the subbasins were identified as areas of high plant endemism and rarity, and 9% of the subbasins are centers for animal endemism and rarity (Table 11). Plant areas of endemism and rarity occur along the Snake River corridor throughout most of the subbasins, while animal areas are more patchily distributed and include a large area in the lower subbasins, an area near the Birds of Prey Natural Conservation Area, and a small area just west of Browns Creek (Figure 23). Middle Snake Draft Assessment 59 May 2004 Figure 22. Centers of biodiversity in the ICBEMP analysis area and the Middle-Snake subbasins. Middle Snake Draft Assessment 60 May 2004 Figure 23. Centers of endemism and rarity in the ICBEMP analysis area and the Middle-Snake subbasins. Middle Snake Draft Assessment 61 May 2004 Table 11. Areas selected as centers of biodiversity or centers of endemism and rarity in the Middle-Snake subbasins. Interior Columbia Ecosystem Management Area of Middle-Snake Percentage (%) of Project Designation Subbasins Selected Middle Snake (acres) Subbasins Selected Centers of Biodiversity—Plants 2,482,634 30 Centers of Biodiversity—Animals 429,515 5 Centers of Endemism and Rarity—Animals 743,529 9 Centers of Endemism and Rarity—Plants 1,919,106 23 The Nature Conservancy’s BMAS/SITES Models TNC’s vision is to conserve a set of places that, if managed appropriately, will ensure the long- term survival of all native species and natural communities (TNC 2004). TNC has been working to develop conservation portfolios at the broad-scale ecoregional level. Three-quarters of the Middle Snake subbasins lie within the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion, while the lower portion lies within the Middle Rockies–Blue Mountain Ecoregion. In 1999, TNC used the Biodiversity Management Area Selection (BMAS) model to identify a portfolio of sites that, collectively and with appropriate conservation action, would maintain all viable native species and communities in the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion, a 72,019,000-acre area covering portions of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, California, and Utah. The Columbia Plateau Ecoregional Assessment was the first attempt at developing a methodology for conservation portfolio selection. In 2003, further refinement of this methodology was employed in developing portfolios for the 52,989,000-acre Middle Rockies–Blue Mountain Ecoregion (TNC 1999). The refined site selection model is called the SITES model. The following discussion documents the methods used in developing the conservation portfolio for the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion, which dominates the subbasins (see TNC 2003 for details about the slightly different methodology used for selecting sites in the Middle Rockies–Blue Mountain Ecoregion). Conservation targets were selected using a coarse filter/fine filter approach. Targets representing fine filter aspects of biodiversity and comprising 154 plant species, 45 invertebrates, 49 vertebrates, 42 aquatic species, and 103 plant communities were identified for the purposes of selecting portfolio sites based on their occurrences. Coarse filter aspects of biodiversity were represented by Gap Analysis Program (GAP) cover types. An Aquatic Integrity Index developed by the ICBEMP was used to help establish aquatic targets (TNC 1999). Conservation goals were then chosen for the targets, based on their distribution in the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion. For targets found in only one section of the ecoregion, the goal was to have all target occurrences, up to five, contained in the conservation portfolio. For targets found in more than one section, the goal was to protect all occurrences up to three per section. Goals for coarse filter target representation were established based on percentage coverage of the cover type in the ecoregion. The Element Occurrence Databases maintained by state Natural Heritage/Conservation Data Center programs were the main source of data. Gap analysis Middle Snake Draft Assessment 62 May 2004 provided the vegetation layer information, and other sources supplied supplementary environmental data (TNC 1999). The BMAS model, a GIS-driven site selection model, was used to select conservation sites that meet the greatest amount of biodiversity target goals using the least amount of land. Areas identified by panels of regional biological experts as being of conservation importance were used as a starting place for the BMAS model, using 6th field HUCs as the site selection units. The initial portfolio developed by BMAS was then edited by TNC staff to address connectivity issues and account for differences in site quality. The final portfolio contained 139 sites and covered 20% of the ecoregion and ranged in size from 50 to over 1 million acres (Figure 24; TNC 1999). Eleven percent of the Middle Snake subbasins fall within areas selected for the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion, while 7% fall within areas selected for the Middle Rockies–Blue Mountain Ecoregion. Table 12 lists the Middle Snake subbasins conservation sites for both ecoregions. A number of conservation targets were not met by the final portfolio. However, most of these targets were at the edges of their ranges or had been poorly inventoried to date. During the next iteration of the ecoregion plan, TNC plans to focus on acquiring better information for these groups of targets (TNC 1999). Table 12. Sites that were identified in the TNC conservation portfolio for the Columbia Plateau and the Middle Rockies–Blue Mountains ecoregional assessments and that occur in the Middle Snake subbasins, as well as those sites’ protection status (TNC 1999, 2003). Ecoregion Site Name Protection Area of Site Total Percentage Status in Subbasin Area of (%) of Site (acres) Site in (acres) Subbasin Columbia Alkali Gulch partially 39,512 59,724 66 Plateau protected Big Wood Wild and Scenic protected 608 608 100 River Birds of Prey Natural partially 160,718 160,771 100 Conservation Area protected Bruneau River–Jacks Creek partially 109,184 433,169 25 protected Craters of the Moon partially 172,543 356,544 48 protected Dietrich Dunes not protected 1,970 14,207 14 Dry Creek Wild and Scenic protected 1,092 1,092 100 River/Research Natural Area Jarbidge Creek partially 57,145 428,100 13 protected Middle Snake River Corridor partially 217,273 794,071 27 protected Salmon Falls Creek partially 211,389 211,389 100 protected Middle Snake Draft Assessment 63 May 2004 Ecoregion Site Name Protection Area of Site Total Percentage Status in Subbasin Area of (%) of Site (acres) Site in (acres) Subbasin Succor Creek partially 373,260 724,922 51 protected TNC Silver Creek Preserve protected 1,857 1,857 100 TNC Stapp–Soldier Creek protected 90 90 100 Preserve Weiser Sand Hills partially 14,138 114,582 12 protected Middle Basin Gulch Research Natural protected 1,175 1,175 100 Rockies– Area Blue Big Smoky Creek not protected 14,831 57,445 26 Mountain Big Wood River partially 9,696 9,696 100 protected Carey Lake Wildlife protected 292 292 100 Management Area Copper Basin not protected 35,346 241,493 15 Cuddy Mountain Research protected 1,053 1,053 100 Natural Area Fox Creek/Rocking M Ranch partially 69,538 69,542 100 protected Hells Canyon partially 238,984 1,155,396 21 protected ID-53-005 - WSA protected 9,515 9,666 98 Little Wood River partially 48,616 48,616 100 protected Lost Basin Grassland Research protected 62 62 100 Natural Area River’s Edge Ranch protected 4 4 100 Sawtooth National Recreation protected 61,925 531,083 12 Area Silver Creek, TNC partially 12,284 12,284 100 protected Trail Creek Canyon protected 813 813 100 Wallowa Mountains partially 100,461 628,764 16 protected Willow Creek protected 15,518 15,518 100 Middle Snake Draft Assessment 64 May 2004 Figure 24.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Literature Cited
    LITERATURE CITED Abercrombie, M., C. J. Hichman, and M. L. Johnson. 1962. A Dictionary of Biology. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company. Adkisson, C. S. 1996. Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra). In The Birds of North America, No. 256 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and the American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, D.C. Agee, J. K. 1993. Fire ecology of Pacific Northwest forests. Island Press, Covelo, CA. Albert, S. K., N. Luna, and A. L. Chopito. 1995. Deer, small mammal, and songbird use of thinned piñon–juniper plots: preliminary results. Pages 54–64 in Desired future conditions for piñon–juniper ecosystems (D. W. Shaw, E. F. Aldon, and C. LaSapio, eds.). Gen. Tech. Rep. GTR–RM–258. Fort Collins, CO: Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Aldrich, J. W. 1946. New subspecies of birds from western North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 59:129–136. Aldrich, J. W. 1963. Geographic orientation of American Tetraonidae. Journal of Wildlife Management 27:529–545. Allen, R. K. 1984. A new classification of the subfamily Ephemerellinae and the description of a new genus. Pan–Pacific Entomologist 60(3): 245–247. Allen, R. K., and G. F. Edmunds, Jr. 1976. A revision of the genus Ametropus in North America (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 49:625–635. Allen, R. P. 1958. A progress report on the wading bird survey. National Audubon Society, unpubl. rep., Tavernier, FL. American Ornithologists’ Union. 1931. Check–list of North American birds. 4th ed. American Ornithologists’ Union, Lancaster, PA.
    [Show full text]
  • Photo Courtesy of Idaho Tourism Shoshone Falls
    PHOTO COURTESY OF IDAHO TOURISM SHOSHONE FALLS Located at the edge of Twin Falls, Shoshone Falls is a natural beauty on the Snake River. At 212 feet, the falls are higher than Niagara and put on a show in spring and early summer, when water flows are at their peak PHOTO COURTESY OF IDAHO TOURISM after winter snowmelt. During high water years, the falls attract thousands of out-of-town spectators who KNOW BEFORE come to witness nature’s awesome power. YOU GO: Shoshone Falls access Even when the falls aren’t at their peak, they’re still an is available from 7 a.m. to dusk. Entry fees are inspirational sight. Make a day — or even a weekend! $3 per car and $20 per — of it by taking advantage of the hiking trails, tour bus. Season passes are $25 and can be playgrounds, picnic areas, boat ramps, and swimming purchased at the holes that surround the falls. You can rent a stand-up park entrance. paddleboard from the AWOL Dive & Kayak stand and get an up-close view of Shoshone Falls from below — an experience that visitors say they’ll never forget. VISITSOUTHIDAHO.COM TWIN FALLS ©BLIPPRINTERS The city of Twin Falls took its name from these two waterfalls in the Snake River Canyon. So why is only one waterfall visible today? A dam along the Snake River, which uses water for hydroelectricity throughout the year, diverted water away from the second KNOW BEFORE waterfall. However, Twin Falls still remains a beautiful YOU GO: The best time to see landmark in spring and early summer, when thousands Twin Falls is from March upon thousands of gallons of water plummet 125 feet through early June, to the river below.
    [Show full text]
  • Lehman Caves Management Plan
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Great Basin National Park Lehman Caves Management Plan June 2019 ON THE COVER Photograph of visitors on tour of Lehman Caves NPS Photo ON THIS PAGE Photograph of cave shields, Grand Palace, Lehman Caves NPS Photo Shields in the Grand Palace, Lehman Caves. Lehman Caves Management Plan Great Basin National Park Baker, Nevada June 2019 Approved by: James Woolsey, Superintendent Date Executive Summary The Lehman Caves Management Plan (LCMP) guides management for Lehman Caves, located within Great Basin National Park (GRBA). The primary goal of the Lehman Caves Management Plan is to manage the cave in a manner that will preserve and protect cave resources and processes while allowing for respectful recreation and scientific use. More specifically, the intent of this plan is to manage Lehman Caves to maintain its geological, scenic, educational, cultural, biological, hydrological, paleontological, and recreational resources in accordance with applicable laws, regulations, and current guidelines such as the Federal Cave Resource Protection Act and National Park Service Management Policies. Section 1.0 provides an introduction and background to the park and pertinent laws and regulations. Section 2.0 goes into detail of the natural and cultural history of Lehman Caves. This history includes how infrastructure was built up in the cave to allow visitors to enter and tour, as well as visitation numbers from the 1920s to present. Section 3.0 states the management direction and objectives for Lehman Caves. Section 4.0 covers how the Management Plan will meet each of the objectives in Section 3.0.
    [Show full text]
  • WDFW Final Status Report for the Pygmy Whitefish
    STATE OF WASHINGTON September 1998 WashingtonWashington StateState StatusStatus ReportReport forfor thethe PygmyPygmy Whitefish Whitefish byby MollyMolly HallockHallock andand PaulPaul E.E. MongilloMongillo Washington Department of FISH AND WILDLIFE Fish Management Program Freshwater Resource Division Washington State Status Report for the Pygmy Whitefish by Molly Hallock and Paul E. Mongillo Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Fish Management Program 600 Capitol Way North Olympia, Washington 98501-1091 September 1998 The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife maintains a list of endangered, threatened and sensitive species (Washington Administrative Codes 232-12-014 and 232-12-011, Appendix A). In 1990, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted listing procedures developed by a group of citizens, interest groups, and state and federal agencies (Washington Administrative Code 232-12-297, Appendix B). The procedures include how species listing will be initiated, criteria for listing and de-listing, public review and recovery and management of listed species. The first step in the process is to develop a preliminary species status report. The report includes a review of information relevant to the species’ status in Washington and addresses factors affecting its status including, but not limited to: historic, current, and future species population trends, natural history including ecological relationships, historic and current habitat trends, population demographics and their relationship to long term sustainability, and historic and current species management activities. The procedures then provide for a 90-day public review opportunity for interested parties to submit new scientific data relevant to the status report, classification recommendation, and any State Environmental Policy Act findings. During the 90-day review period, the Department holds statewide public meetings to answer questions and take comments.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a System-Wide Predator Control Program: Northern Squawfish Management Program
    Development of a System-wide Predator Control Program Northern Squawfish Management Program - Implementation Annual Report 1997 October 1998 DOE/BP-24514-8 This Document should be cited as follows: Young, Franklin, "Development of a System-wide Predator Control Program; Northern Squawfish Management Program - Implementation", 1997 Annual Report, Project No. 199007700, 100 electronic pages, (BPA Report DOE/BP-24514-8) Bonneville Power Administration P.O. Box 3621 Portland, OR 97208 This report was funded by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), U.S. Department of Energy, as part of BPA's program to protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife affected by the development and operation of hydroelectric facilities on the Columbia River and its tributaries. The views in this report are the author's and do not necessarily represent the views of BPA. DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEMWIDE PREDATOR CONTROL PROGRAM: STEPWISE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PREDATION INDEX, PREDATOR CONTROL FISHERIES, AND EVALUATION PLAN IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN SECTION I: IMPLEMENTATION 1997 ANNUAL REPORT Prepared by: Franklin R. Young Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority In Cooperation With Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission Columbia River Inter-tribal Fish Commission Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Indian Reservation Prepared
    [Show full text]
  • Steelhead (Snake River Basin) Oncorhynchus Mykiss Gairdneri
    Steelhead (Snake River basin) Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri Actinopterygii — Salmoniformes — Salmonidae CONSERVATION STATUS / CLASSIFICATION Rangewide: Imperiled/Vulnerable subspecies (G5T2T3) Statewide: Vulnerable (S3) ESA: Threatened USFS: Region 1: No status; Region 4: Sensitive BLM: Threatened, Endangered, Proposed, and Candidate (Type 1) IDFG: Game fish; Threatened BASIS FOR INCLUSION Threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act; declining abundance and habitat degradation. TAXONOMY Steelhead are the anadromous life form of rainbow\redband trout Behnke (2002). Steelhead spawning east of the Cascades are considered part of the redband trout of the Columbia Basin, which is a subspecies of rainbow trout. The rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss complex includes 5 additional subspecies. Rainbow trout were originally described by Walbaum in 1792 (Nelson et al. 2004). DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE Steelhead, which are the anadromous life form of rainbow\redband trout, were historically found along the west coast of North America from southern California to central Alaska. The interior Columbia River basin steelhead ranged from east of the Cascades upstream in the Columbia River and tributary streams to natural geologic barriers such as Shoshone Falls on the Snake River (Behnke 2002). In Idaho, steelhead had access to most of the Clearwater, Salmon, Weiser, Payette, Boise, Owyhee, Bruneau and Salmon Falls Creek drainages. Populations using the tributaries above Hells Canyon Dam were eliminated with the construction of the Hells Canyon complex in the 1950s and earlier upriver dams. Currently, wild and hatchery steelhead are found in the Snake River below Hells Canyon Dam, Clearwater, and Salmon River drainages. The resident life form, inland redband trout, are also present in the Salmon and Clearwater drainage along with steelhead.
    [Show full text]
  • The Walker Basin, Nevada and California: Physical Environment, Hydrology, and Biology
    EXHIBIT 89 The Walker Basin, Nevada and California: Physical Environment, Hydrology, and Biology Dr. Saxon E. Sharpe, Dr. Mary E. Cablk, and Dr. James M. Thomas Desert Research Institute May 2007 Revision 01 May 2008 Publication No. 41231 DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE DOCUMENT CHANGE NOTICE DRI Publication Number: 41231 Initial Issue Date: May 2007 Document Title: The Walker Basin, Nevada and California: Physical Environment, Hydrology, and Biology Author(s): Dr. Saxon E. Sharpe, Dr. Mary E. Cablk, and Dr. James M. Thomas Revision History Revision # Date Page, Paragraph Description of Revision 0 5/2007 N/A Initial Issue 1.1 5/2008 Title page Added revision number 1.2 “ ii Inserted Document Change Notice 1.3 “ iv Added date to cover photo caption 1.4 “ vi Clarified listed species definition 1.5 “ viii Clarified mg/L definition and added WRPT acronym Updated lake and TDS levels to Dec. 12, 2007 values here 1.6 “ 1 and throughout text 1.7 “ 1, P4 Clarified/corrected tui chub statement; references added 1.8 “ 2, P2 Edited for clarification 1.9 “ 4, P2 Updated paragraph 1.10 “ 8, Figure 2 Updated Fig. 2007; corrected tui chub spawning statement 1.11 “ 10, P3 & P6 Edited for clarification 1.12 “ 11, P1 Added Yardas (2007) reference 1.13 “ 14, P2 Updated paragraph 1.14 “ 15, Figure 3 & P3 Updated Fig. to 2007; edited for clarification 1.15 “ 19, P5 Edited for clarification 1.16 “ 21, P 1 Updated paragraph 1.17 “ 22, P 2 Deleted comma 1.18 “ 26, P1 Edited for clarification 1.19 “ 31-32 Clarified/corrected/rearranged/updated Walker Lake section 1.20
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species
    FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Pattern of Callose Deposition During the Course of Meiotic Diplospory in Chondrilla Juncea (Asteraceae, Cichorioideae)
    Protoplasma DOI 10.1007/s00709-016-1039-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Pattern of callose deposition during the course of meiotic diplospory in Chondrilla juncea (Asteraceae, Cichorioideae) Krystyna Musiał1 & Maria Kościńska-Pająk1 Received: 21 September 2016 /Accepted: 26 October 2016 # The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Total absence of callose in the ovules of dip- Keywords Apomixis . Callose . Megasporogenesis . Ovule . losporous species has been previously suggested. This paper Chondrilla . Rush skeletonweed is the first description of callose events in the ovules of Chondrilla juncea, which exhibits meiotic diplospory of the Taraxacum type. We found the presence of callose in the Introduction megasporocyte wall and stated that the pattern of callose de- position is dynamically changing during megasporogenesis. Callose, a β-1,3-linked homopolymer of glucose containing At the premeiotic stage, no callose was observed in the ovules. some β-1,6 branches, may be considered as a histological Callose appeared at the micropylar pole of the cell entering marker for a preliminary identification of the reproduction prophase of the first meioticdivision restitution but did not mode in angiosperms. In the majority of sexually reproducing surround the megasporocyte. After the formation of a restitu- flowering plants, the isolation of the spore mother cell and the tion nucleus, a conspicuous callose micropylar cap and dis- tetrad by callose walls is a striking feature of both micro- and persed deposits of callose were detected in the megasporocyte megasporogenesis (Rodkiewicz 1970; Bhandari 1984; Bouman wall. During the formation of a diplodyad, the micropylar 1984; Lersten 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • DANDELION Taraxacum Officinale ERADICATE
    OAK OPENINGS REGION BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES DANDELION Taraxacum officinale ERADICATE This Best Management Practice (BMP) document provides guidance for managing Dandelion in the Oak Openings Region of Northwest Ohio and Southeast Michigan. This BMP was developed by the Green Ribbon Initiative and its partners and uses available research and local experience to recommend environmentally safe control practices. INTRODUCTION AND IMPACTS— Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) HABITAT—Dandelion prefers full sun and moist, loamy soil but can is native to Eurasia and was likely introduced to North America many grow anywhere with 3.5-110” inches of annual precipitation, an an- times. The earliest record of Dandelion in North America comes from nual mean temperature of 40-80°F, and light. It is tolerant of salt, 1672, but it may have arrived earlier. It has been used in medicine, pollutants, thin soils, and high elevations. In the OOR Dandelion has food and beverages, and stock feed. Dandelion is now widespread been found on sand dunes, in and at the top of floodplains, near across the planet, including OH and MI. vernal pools and ponds, and along roads, ditches, and streams. While the Midwest Invasive Species Information Net- IDENTIFICATION—Habit: Perennial herb. work (MISIN) has no specific reports of Dandelion in or within 5 miles of the Oak Openings Region (OOR, green line), the USDA Plants Database reports Dan- D A delion in all 7 counties of the OOR and most neighboring counties (black stripes). Dan- delion is ubiquitous in the OOR. It has demonstrated the ability to establish and MI spread in healthy and disturbed habitats of OH T © Lynn Sosnoskie © Steven Baskauf © Chris Evans the OOR and both the wet nutrient rich soils of wet prairies and floodplains as well Leaves: Highly variable in shape, color and hairiness in response to as sandy dunes and oak savannas.
    [Show full text]
  • Apomixis in Taraxacum an Embryological and Genetic Study Promotor: Professor Dr
    Apomixis in Taraxacum an embryological and genetic study promotor: Professor dr. R.F.Hoekstra , hoogleraar in de genetica, met bijzondere aandacht voor de populatie- en kwantitatieve genetica co-promotoren: Dr. P.J.va n Dijk, senior onderzoeker bijhe t Nederlands Instituut voor Oecologisch Onderzoek, Centrum voor Terrestrische Oecologie (NIOO- CTO) te Heteren, en Dr. J.H.d e Jong, universitair hoofddocent bijhe t Departement Plantenwetenschappen, Wageningen Universiteit promotiecommissie: Prof. Dr. S.C. de Vries Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr.J.L .va n Went Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr.J.M.M . van Damme NIOO-CTO Heteren Peter van Baarlen Apomixis in Taraxacum an embryological and genetic study Apomixie in Taraxacum een embryologische en genetische studie Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. Ir. L. Speelman, in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 11 September 2001 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula Baarlen, Peter van Apomixis in Taraxacum / Peter van Baarlen Thesis Wageningen University. - With references - With summary in Dutch Subject headings: apomixis/diplospory/embryology/polyploidy Typeset in ll-14pt Book Antiqua ISBN 98-5808-473-6. UNO' ^o\3c?2 STELLINGEN 1. - Het verstoren van de paring van homologe chromosomen tijdens de eerste meiotische profase, parthenogenetische eicel ontwikkeling en autonome endosperm ontwikkeling in apomictische paardebloemen is te verklaren door aan te nemen dat bepaalde chromosoom-specifieke eiwitten verschillen van hun "sexuele" analogen. dit proefschrift 2. - Het grote evolutionaire succes van paardebloemen kan verklaard worden door hun vermenging van de voordelen van sexuele en asexuele reproductie. dit proefschrift 3.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Occurrence of Caffeoyltartronic Acid and Other Phenolics in Chondrilla Juncea M
    On the Occurrence of Caffeoyltartronic Acid and Other Phenolics in Chondrilla juncea M. C. Terencio, R. M. Giner, M. J. Sanz, S. M áñez, and J. L. Ríos Unitat de Farmacognosia, Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universität de Valencia, c/Vicent Andres Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain Z. Naturforsch. 48c, 417-419 (1993); received November 9/December 21, 1992 Chondrilla juncea, Lactuceae, Asteraceae, Caffeoyltartronic Acid, Flavonoids Caffeoyltartronic acid and other eleven phenolic compounds were identified in the MeOH extract of Chondrilla juncea: the flavonoids luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, luteolin-7-galacto- sylglucuronide and quercetin-3-galactoside; the phenolic acids protocatechuic, caffeic, chloro- genic, isochlorogenic and isoferulic and the coumarins cichoriin and aesculetin. The taxonom­ ic implications of these compounds have been discussed. Introduction The presence of the signal corresponding to C -l at The genus Chondrilla (Asteraceae) belongs to 147.5, ca. 2 ppm at a lower field than expected the subtribe Crepidinae of the tribe Lactuceae. when we compare it with other caffeoate deriva­ This genus includes four European species, but tives, is due to the strong electronegative effect of Chondrilla juncea L. is the only one that grows in the two carboxylic groups in the tartronic moiety. the Iberian Peninsula [1], The chemistry of this 'H NMR (D20) 5 (ppm) 7.62 (d, H-7, J = 16 Hz), plant has not been studied before. This report de­ 7.14 (d, H-2, J = 2 Hz), 7.05 (dd, H-6, J = 8, / ' = scribes the phenolic compounds from C. juncea 2 Hz), 6.86 (d, H-5, J = 8 Hz), 6.39 (d, H-8, J = and discusses their chemotaxonomic value within 16 Hz), 5.48 (s, H-2').
    [Show full text]