2011 State of Sexual Freedom Report
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State of Sexual Freedom in the United States 2011 Report WOODHULL SEXUAL FREEDOM ALLIANCE WOODHULL SEXUAL FREEDOM ALLIANCE Copyright 2011 by Woodhull Sexual Freedom Alliance www.woodhullalliance.org All rights reserved. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Woodhull Sexual Freedom Alliance; of its directors, officers, or staff; or of its funders. Acknowlegements A Woodhull Sexual Freedom Alliance Report Affirming Sexual Freedom as a Fundamental Human Right We gratefully acknowledge those individuals and organizations who contributed to the State of Sexual Freedom in the United States, 2011 Report Diana Adams Ricci Levy Megan Andelloux Aida Manduley Steven K. Aurand Susan Milstein Ted Bernhardt Jeffrey Montgomery J. Dennis Fortenberry National Health Statistics Alicia Gauvin Melanie Rowen Todd Heywood Liam Stansen International Planned Parenthood Carmen Vazquez Kate Kendell Lawrence G. Walters Mark Kerns Elizabeth Wood Marty Klein Rebecca Zakarian Steven K. Aurand – Editor Elizabeth A. Wood – Editor Elizabeth Stewart – Cover Illustration William Whitehead – Production Contents FOREWORD ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................i Our Fundamental Human Right to Sexual Freedom and the State of Sexual Freedom in the United States, 2011 Report .................................................................................................................................................... ii Ricci J. Levy INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. vi The State of Sexual Freedom, From Bush to Obama: Forward? Backwards? Sideways? ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vii Marty Klein THE HUMAN RIGHT TO SEXUAL EXPRESSION ................................................................................................ 1 Killing the Messenger: An Analysis of the Legal Issues Associated with Imposing Criminal Liability on Internet Service Providers for Acts of Their Customers ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Lawrence G. Walters, Esq. THE HUMAN RIGHT TO RELATIONSHIPS & FAMILY ...............................................................................................................................................................................11 Relationship and Family Freedoms and Protections ................................................................................................................................................................................12 Kate Kendell, Esq. The Freedom Not to Marry: Separating Sexual Relationships from Economic Dependency ..............................................................21 Diana Adams, Esq. THE HUMAN RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF SEXUAL SPEECH ..................................................................................................................................................................35 Law & Disorder: The Courts’ Schizophrenic View of Sexual Speech ...................................................................................................................................36 Mark Kernes THE HUMAN RIGHT TO SEXUALITY EDUCATION ........................................................................................................................................................................................46 Comprehensive Sexuality Education For Youth: Where Are We Now? ................................................................................................................................47 Susan Milstein Sexual Health Education and Policy in Medical Schools: The Importance of Incorporating Basic Human Rights into Medical Education and Training ..................................................................................................56 Megan Andelloux THE HUMAN RIGHT TO SEXUAL HEALTH ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................75 The Science of Adolescent Sexual Health ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................76 J. Dennis Fortenberry Viral Apartheid: Sexuality and Discrimination Involving HIV .............................................................................................................................................................87 Todd A. Heywood SEXUAL FREEDOM TIME LINE ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................96 APPENDICES ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................99 Appendix I: “Sexual rights are human rights related to sexuality,” excerpt from Sexual Rights: An IPPF Declaration, Published in October 2008 by the International Planned Parenthood Federation (pp. 16-21) http://www.ippf.org/NR/rdonlyres/9E4D697C-1C7D-4EF6-AA2A-6D4D0A13A108/0/ SexualRightsIPPFdeclaration.pdf Appendix II: “Sexual Behavior, Sexual Attraction, and Sexual Identity in the United States: Data From the 2006– 2008 National Survey of Family Growth,” National Health Statistics Reports, Number 36, March 3, 2011. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr036.pdf AUTHOR BIOS ..............................................................................................................................................142 Foreword www.woodhullalliance.org State of Sexual Freedom in the United States Our Fundamental Human Right to Sexual Freedom And the State of Sexual Freedom in the United States, 2011 Report By Ricci Levy “The makers of our Constitution undertook to central to humanity -- individual freedom to shape secure conditions favorable to the pursuit of one’s own life, non-discrimination, freedom of sexual happiness. They recognized the significance speech and expression, tolerance for differences, of man’s spiritual nature, of his feelings and of compassion for the oppressed and, as a result, free- his intellect. They knew that only a part of the dom from government intrustion into our privacy, our pain, pleasure and satisfactions of life are to be personal autonomy. found in material things. They sought to protect Woodhull has a strong record of bringing like-mind- Americans in their beliefs, their thoughts, their ed voices together to demonstrate and show how emotions and their sensations. They conferred, to integrate sexual freedom into their work and also as against the government, the right to be in promoting contact with each other, thus bringing let alone—the most comprehensive of rights strength to the movement. We take on a very im- and the right most valued by civilized men. To portant role of facilitator of that work, a role for which protect, that right, every unjustifiable intrusion Woodhull is uniquely suited. by the government upon the privacy of the individual, whatever the means employed, This report, for example, brings together allies with must be deemed a violation of the Fourth a variety of individual issues and provides excellent Amendment.”— opportunities for alliances that will help forward the Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis, sexual movement. Olmstead v. U.S., 277 U.S. 438 (1928) As the conservative forces in this country and abroad This report is a glimpse into the many issues that have become more emboldened, we find state comprise the sexual freedom movement. Each au- legislatures and Congress much more in the grip of a thor has outlined where we are and where we need to sex panic that has led to the rolling back of many of be in order to realize the promise of sexual freedom the gains that have been made in sexual health and as a fundamental human right. Each person has a personal autonomy over the last several decades. different perspective and a different focus, some see the cup as half full, some as half empty, but one thing Public attacks on sexual freedom are bold and is certain as you read each chapter and that is that shameless. Our opponents no longer seek to wrap we must stand together. If we don’t, there will be no their sex-negative agendas in lofty ideals. Instead victory for any one of us. And the greatest opportuni- they simply propose the legislation, fan the hysteria, ty for intersectional work exists in