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CALIFORNIA PATH PROGRAM INSTITUTE OF TRANSPORTATION STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY

An Assessment of Bus Rapid Transit Opportunities in the Bay Area Mark A. Miller, Dustin White

California PATH Working Paper UCB-ITS-PWP-2004-2

This work was performed as part of the California PATH Program of the University of California, in cooperation with the State of California Business, Transportation, and Housing Agency, Department of Trans- portation; and the United States Department Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.

The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, spec- ification, or regulation.

Report for RTA 20829

February 2004

ISSN 1055-1417

CALIFORNIA PARTNERS FOR ADVANCED TRANSIT AND HIGHWAYS Investigation of Bus Transit Routes on State Routes in the : Selecting Case Study Corridors for Potential Bus Rapid Transit Implementation

Mark A. Miller Dustin White

February 11, 2004

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This work was conducted under sponsorship of the Caltrans Department of Transportation (Caltrans) Division of Research and Innovation (DR&I) (Interagency Agreement #65A0141) and the authors especially acknowledge Dan Lovegren and Lindsee Tanimoto of DR&I for their support of this project. The authors also thank their colleagues at PATH, the Institute of Transportation Studies, and the University of California Transportation Center (U.C. Berkeley) for their support and contributions, namely, Tunde Balvanyos, Elizabeth Deakin, Cristiano Facanha, Manish Shirgaokar, and Wei-Bin Zhang.

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ABSTRACT

This report documents a continuing assessment of bus rapid transit opportunities in the San Francisco Bay Area. In this study we are focusing on bus transit routes that partially travel on California state routes, whether arterial roadways or freeways. A primary component of this project is to consider the inter-connectivity and regional aspects of bus rapid transit systems deployment in the San Francisco Bay Area region. Considering state routes will help identify more regional opportunities for innovative types of partnerships to help address unmet public transit service needs across jurisdictional boundary lines. We initially identified nearly 200 bus transit routes in the Bay Area that travel on state routes. Next we embarked on a multi-step process to reduce the field of bus routes to a select few with a high likelihood of being upgraded to bus rapid transit systems. We looked at the length of the bus transit routes that travel on state routes, service characteristics related to schedule and route structures based on passenger demand level, external factors, bus routes that function essentially as one service, and level of passenger demand. We selected the following five bus routes for further consideration, the first four of which are already under investigation to be upgraded to bus rapid transit.

· AC Transit Routes 72-72M-72R on SR 123 § AC Transit Routes 82-82L along Telegraph Avenue/International Boulevard/14th Street corridor § SamTrans Routes 390/391 on SR 82 (El Camino Real) § Santa Clara VTA Route 22 on SR 82 (El Camino Real) § San Francisco Muni’s route 9X in San Bruno

Key Words: Bus rapid transit, state routes, San Francisco Bay Area

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report documents a continuing assessment of bus rapid transit opportunities in the San Francisco Bay Area. In this study we are focusing on bus transit routes that partially travel on California state routes, whether arterial roadways or freeways. A primary component of this project is to consider the inter-connectivity and regional aspects of bus rapid transit systems deployment in the San Francisco Bay Area region. Considering state routes will help identify more regional opportunities for innovative types of partnerships to help address unmet public transit service needs across jurisdictional boundary lines. We initially identified 188 bus transit routes in the Bay Area that travel on state routes. Next, we performed an analysis of these routes that examined them relative to a set of BRT-related attributes that essentially served as filters that we used to subsequently select a small number of bus transit routes with a high potential for upgrading to BRT status. As part of the analysis, we looked at the length of the bus transit routes that travel on state routes, service characteristics related to schedule and route structures based on passenger demand level, external factors, bus routes that function essentially as one service, and level of passenger demand.

Consistent with our project objective of focusing on regional aspects and interconnectivity opportunities of bus rapid transit in the Bay Area, we chose to include only those bus routes that traveled a particular minimum amount on state routes. We were conservative and chose a small value ¾ one mile ¾ so as not to omit too many bus routes based solely on this factor, yet also remain faithful to the regional service character of this project. Of the total number of 188 bus routes under study, 162 of these routes travel along state roadways for more than one mile.

Next, we examined the demand characteristics (time and location) of the remaining 162 routes to identify those routes that do and do not support BRT operation; we also identified discontinued routes due to external factors. These characteristics were limited operating hours, such as night service or weekend service only; limited operating hours; low frequency services, such as 1-hour headways with few departures and arrivals; specialized route structures, such as a connection service. Of the 162 bus routes under examination at this stage, 105 of these routes are in revenue service and have demand characteristics supportive of BRT operation.

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In the next stage, we grouped together several bus transit routes to represent one service based on similarities in route structures. In particular, AC Transit operates numerous transbay bus routes between San Francisco and various locations in the East Bay, many of which function essentially as one service. From a BRT perspective, these bus transit routes could function effectively as one service running frequently throughout the day, rather than as separate more limited individual services assuming that the trunk line would be serviced by feeder/collector routes from surrounding neighborhoods. A few bus transit routes were listed by multiple transit agencies, and thus duplicates were also removed during this step to avoid including these routes under multiple agencies. Of the 105 bus routes under examination during this stage, 78 routes represent distinct services.

In the next two stages, we explicitly considered ridership as a factor in helping to identify those bus routes with a high likelihood of being upgraded to BRT system status. The enhanced service provided by BRT implementation can potentially have the effect of attracting new riders. However, without an existing demand for transit service, a BRT system is not likely to be successful. To ensure sufficient demand for transit service exists, only bus transit routes with at least a selected minimum threshold average weekday ridership were selected and we considered ridership on currently existing BRT systems in the U.S. as a guide to selecting such a minimum threshold. Again, our intention was to choose a relatively small value so as not to omit too many bus routes based solely on this factor, yet also remain faithful to the fact that without existing demand, a BRT system is not likely to be successful. We initially selected a threshold of 1,000 passengers in terms of average weekday ridership; however, we increased this value to 7,000 passengers based on current data from existing U.S. BRT systems. At this point we were left with the following five bus routes with average weekday ridership greater than 7,000 passengers:

§ AC Transit Routes 72-72M-72R on SR 123 § AC Transit Routes 82-82L along Telegraph Avenue/International Boulevard/14th Street corridor § SamTrans Routes 390/391 on SR 82 (El Camino Real) § Santa Clara VTA Route 22 on SR 82 (El Camino Real) § San Francisco Muni’s route 9X in San Bruno

iv These five bus routes are currently under study, though at different stages of development, to be upgraded to bus rapid transit on these corridors. We also note that the different approach taken in this project to identify bus route corridors on state routes with a high potential to be upgraded to BRT systems has led us to the same corridors that have already been selected by the more traditional and customary approach taken directly by transit agencies.

Since the objective of the current project is to identify transit routes that could support a BRT service, at this point in the project we recommend investigating the potential benefits that an upgrade to BRT could bring to these bus routes. At this stage in the project we are soliciting input from Caltrans to assist us in selecting a single bus route corridor from this list of five on which to perform more in-depth analysis.

v LIST OF TABLES PAGE

TABLE 1 All State Routes in the San Francisco Bay Area by County 5

TABLE 2 Transit Agencies Operating on State Routes 7

TABLE 3 Distribution of Ridership 15

TABLE 4 Characteristics of Top Twenty-Three Bus Routes 17

TABLE 5 Houston and Pittsburgh Busways 20

TABLE 6 Five Top Candidate Corridors for Bus Rapid Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area 21

vi LIST OF FIGURES PAGE

FIGURE 1 State Routes in the San Francisco Bay Area 6

FIGURE 2 Bay Area Bus Transit Routes Traveling Along State Routes 8

FIGURE 3 Methodology for Selecting Candidate Bus Rapid Transit Corridors 10

FIGURE 4 Selected Bay Area Bus Transit Routes 16

FIGURE 5 Average Weekday Ridership for Top Twenty-Three Bus Routes 18

vii TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i ABSTRACT ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iii LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. BRT-RELATED ACTIVITIES IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA 2

3. EXAMINATION OF BUS TRANSIT ON STATE ROUTES 4

4. SELECTION OF CANDIDATE BUS RAPID TRANSIT CORRIDORS 9

5. CONCLUSIONS 22

6. REFERENCES 23

APPENDICES I: 188 Bus Routes Traveling Along State Routes 24 II: 162 Bus Routes Traveling More Than One Mile on State Routes 27 III: 105 Bus Routes with BRT-Like Service Characteristics 32 IV: 78 Bus Routes Representing Distinct Services 35 V: 23 Bus Routes with Average Weekday Ridership Greater Than 1,000 Passengers 37

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1. INTRODUCTION This working paper presents the findings of our continuing examination of bus routes that travel at least some portion on state routes in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area1. Our overall objective in this project is to identify and study those bus route corridors on state routes that have a high potential for being upgraded into bus rapid transit corridors. This investigation is being performed as part of a Caltrans-sponsored research project that is assessing bus rapid transit opportunities in the Bay Area.

Within California, the deployment of bus rapid transit (BRT) is growing in popularity with transit properties and is being considered as an alternative travel mode to help make bus transit more attractive with enhanced levels of service with an ultimate goal of increasing ridership to contribute to relieving traffic congestion. Currently, there are three California transit properties that are members of Federal Transit Administration-sponsored U.S. BRT Consortium, including the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in Los Angeles County and two properties in the San Francisco Bay Area: · Santa Clara Valley Transit Authority (VTA) · Alameda Contra-Costa County Transit District (AC Transit)

These transit agencies and numerous others in California that are also studying whether to implement bus rapid transit in their service area use a rather traditional approach in the deployment of new transit systems: The local and/or regional transit agency initiates a process whereby they study the feasibility of and potential impacts associated with bus rapid transit within its jurisdictional boundaries, e.g., intra-county. The means through which these investigations are conducted include Major Investment Studies as well as other types of alternatives analyses.

A primary component of this project is to expand beyond this intra-jurisdictional approach to consider more of the inter-connectivity and regional aspects of bus rapid transit systems deployment in the San Francisco Bay Area region. The focus is on state routes, whether arterial roadways or freeways. This will help identify more regional opportunities for innovative types of

1 This Working Paper constitutes a combined deliverable for Tasks 3 and 4 for this project.

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partnerships to help address unmet public transit service needs across jurisdictional boundary lines.

2. BRT-RELATED ACTIVITIES IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA Bus rapid transit has generally been considered as providing regional rather than local feeder services. While BART provides line-haul backbone transit service in the Bay Area, nothing precludes bus rapid transit from also serving in this role as well. In current economic times, it is unlikely that heavy and light rail will be built to expand this transit backbone service without also considering bus rapid transit as a viable alternative. The remainder of this section gives an overview of BRT-related activities in the Bay Area.

Transit Agency-Initiated BRT Enterprises In this regard, bus rapid transit is not new to the Bay Area as there are numerous examples of ongoing BRT-related activity by individual transit agencies. Santa Clara VTA’s Line 22 corridor is approximately 27 miles long along El Camino Real (State Route 82) and serves six Silicon Valley cities with a running time of over two hours. VTA plans to reduce travel times by using route modifications, infrastructure, traffic signal preference, queue jump lanes, fare prepayment, low-floor-articulated buses, and ITS technologies. A six-mile test section of the project became operational in 2002 (1). In the East Bay area of the San Francisco Bay Area, AC Transit currently has a BRT system deployed along San Pablo Boulevard (State Route 123) and is developing plans for a second BRT line in the Berkeley/Oakland/San Leandro corridor along Telegraph Avenue/International Boulevard/E. 14th St. (State Route 185) (2). The 16 mile San Pablo corridor runs through six East Bay cities and includes a variety of bus priority improvements and vehicle and station design improvements to cut running and dwell time. Interest in bus rapid transit in the Bay Area goes beyond these two U.S. BRT Consortium members. San Mateo County Transit District (SamTrans) is currently studying the potential impacts of adaptive bus signal priority systems along one of its primary bus routes, also on SR 82. The San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni) is also considering bus rapid transit as an alternative transit mode along particular travel corridors as part of its vision for rapid transit in San Francisco (3).

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Metropolitan Transportation Commission In 2000, MTC defined a preliminary rapid bus system proposal for the Bay Area region as part of its Blueprint for the 21st Century that exploits attributes of the rapid bus concept, such as exclusive bus lanes, frequent service, high-quality passenger amenities, high-quality vehicles, intelligent transportation systems including signal priority and real-time passenger information, improved operating speed and reliability and information to the public, limited stops and timed transfers between systems, and Park & Ride lots. MTC’s proposal extends the reach of BART by providing improved feeder buses in potential future BART corridors, connects the far flung parts of the region to the region's core employment centers using an expanded carpool lane system, and fills in gaps in the region's trunk line transit system. The concept includes a number of elements, such as buses on carpool lanes, improved bus access into and out of carpool lanes, expanded Park-and-Ride lots at convenient locations to the freeways, hubs for timed transfers, long-haul bus service in lengthy corridors, and late-night service in certain corridors. In a number of corridors, the buses also provide local circulation at the origin or destination end of the route. At certain hubs rapid buses would connect to suburban bus systems, BART, Light Rail Transit (LRT), commuter rail and ferries, depending on the location. The rapid bus system takes advantage of the regions investments in the HOV network. The total capital cost of our proposal is about $178 million, including $108 million for comfortable buses with high back seating, and $70 million for Park-and-Ride costs and direct HOV access facilities. In terms of operating costs, we have estimated over a 15-year period, the rapid bus system would need about $722 million in net operating subsidy, or approximately $48 million per year. The system as a whole would generate about 26,600 new daily transit riders in 2020, which means the bus system would convert this number of daily trips from autos to transit. The actual number of passengers boarding the bus system would be larger, but our analysis has focused on the new rider number as a measure of the comparative effectiveness of different transit investments (4).

Bay Area rapid bus corridors include: · Golden Gate (US 101) · SR 4

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· SR 92/84 · I-680 · I-580 · Santa Clara Valley · Peninsula Corridor (I-280) · I-80 · I-880

In 2002, MTC contracted with DKS to update MTC’s HOV Master Plan and, in particular, include specific consideration for the integration of express bus services with the HOV lane system to ensure that the two systems are mutually consistent and supportive. Existing express bus routes were identified and new services have been proposed where the present or future HOV system would support additional service between high demand origins and destinations. Additional HOV-related facilities also to support the express bus service recommendations also have been identified. These include direct HOV lane access ramps, park-and-ride facilities and major in-line transit stations adjacent to the HOV lanes (5)

Bay Area Advocacy Groups The Transportation and Land Use Coalition (TALC), a regional advocacy organization in the San Francisco Bay Area developed in 2002 their own set of bus rapid transit initiatives for the Bay Area contained in a document entitled “Revolutionizing Bay Area Transit … on a Budget” (6). In this document, TALC outlines a bus rapid transit network that “will provide the fastest, lowest-cost way to dramatically improve the speed and quality of public transit in our region.” Three kinds of bus transit services were considered including: Bus Rapid Transit, enhanced bus, express bus network in San Francisco, the East Bay (SR 123 – San Pablo Ave. and Telegraph/International) and South Bay (SR 82 – El Camino Real). The full report may be downloaded from the Internet at the following Web site: http://www.transcoalition.org/reports/revt/revt_home.html

3. EXAMINATION OF BUS TRANSIT ON STATE ROUTES Initially, we took an inventory of both the state routes and bus routes in the Bay Area. Table 1 lists all the Bay Area state routes and the county(ies) through which they traverse, indicated by check marks in the table. Figure 1 displays this graphically simply to indicate where these state routes are located geographically. There are approximately 500 bus transit routes in the San

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Francisco Bay Area and of these, 188 travel a portion of their route along state routes divided among 15 of the more than two-dozen transit agencies in the nine-county Bay Area. These are listed in Table 2 and depicted in Figure 2.

Next, we performed an analysis of these 188 bus transit corridors that examined them relative to a set of BRT-related attributes that essentially served as filters that we used to subsequently select a small number of bus transit corridors with a high potential for upgrading to BRT status.

TABLE 1 All State Routes in the San Francisco Bay Area by County

SR Sonoma Napa Solano Marin Contra San San Alameda Santa Costa Francisco Mateo Clara 1 ü ü ü ü 4 ü 9 ü 12 ü ü ü 13 ü 17 ü 24 ü ü 29 ü ü 37 ü ü ü 80 ü ü ü ü 82 ü ü ü 84 ü ü ü 85 ü 87 ü 92 ü 101* ü ü ü ü ü 116 ü 121 ü ü 123 ü ü 128 ü ü 130 ü 131 ü 185 ü 237 ü 238 ü 280 ü ü ü 380 ü 580 ü 680 ü ü ü ü 780 ü 880 ü ü Source: Caltrans District 4 website (http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist4/) *Designated as US Highway 101 and not SR 101

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FIGURE 1 State Routes in the San Francisco Bay Area

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TABLE 2 Transit Agencies Operating on State Routes

Transit Agency Number of Bus Routes Traversing State Routes Alameda-Contra Costa County 56 Transit (AC Transit) 9

Dumbarton Express 2

Fairfield-Suisun Transit 3

Golden Gate Transit 35

San Mateo County Transit District 24 (SamTrans) San Francisco Municipal Railways 2 (Muni) Santa Clara Valley Transportation 21 Authority (VTA) 7

Tri Delta Transit 5

Union City Transit 1

Vallejo Transit 3 VINE (Napa County) 1

WestCAT 8

WHEELS (LAVTA) 11

Total 188

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FIGURE 2 Bay Area Bus Transit Routes Traveling Along State Routes

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4. SELECTION OF CANDIDATE BRT CORRIDORS Bus rapid transit systems are generally characterized by the criteria of frequent and all day service based on a substantial volume of passenger demand. Moreover, from the outset, this study has considered bus rapid transit from a regional perspective. We have examined the 188 bus routes previously discussed with respect to these criteria on the basis of whether they can sustain bus rapid transit operation and as a result of our examination have selected five bus routes in the Bay Area with a high likelihood of being upgraded to bus rapid transit systems and so warrant further study. The five selected corridors should be suitable for analysis of the impacts of BRT implementation by performing a macroscopic level benefit cost analysis to determine whether bus rapid transit would be beneficial to implement.

Beginning with the 188 bus routes with the above-mentioned objectives in mind, we applied a four-step process based on the above criteria together with the overall regional perspective taken in this study to reduce the field of potential BRT candidate corridors:

Step 1: Length of the bus transit routes that travel on state routes; Based on the project’s regional point of view, we believed that only those bus routes traveling above some minimum threshold on state routes should be considered further. Step 2: Service characteristics related to schedule and route structures based on passenger demand level; external factors. Step 3: Group bus transit routes that function essentially as one service. Step 4: Level of passenger demand; Based on the experience of current U.S. transit agencies investigating bus rapid transit systems, we believed that only those bus routes with a ridership level above some minimum threshold in terms of average weekday ridership should be considered further. The examination of passenger ridership is divided into two parts: a preliminary and a more in-depth examination.

A schematic diagram of this process is shown in Figure 3; each step in this process is discussed in further detail in the pages that follow. It should be noted that the selection process of bus transit routes for further more in-depth evaluation was not rigidly defined; throughout the process new information contributed to the elimination of routes deemed unsuitable for further evaluation. The process outlined below, however, serves as a good approximation of the logic that was followed in selecting suitable bus transit routes for evaluation as potential BRT systems.

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Step 0: All bus transit routes traveling on state routes, as previously identified. Total: 188 routes Evaluating bus transit routes on state and interstate roadways emphasizes regional bus corridors. Step 1: Retain those bus transit routes that travel approximately one mile or more in length along state routes (26 routes removed) 162 routes remaining Focusing on those bus routes traveling a minimum amount on state routes maintains the Step 2: Remove bus transit routes whose regional nature of the demand characteristics (time and investigation location) do not support BRT operation; also remove discontinued routes due to external factors (57 routes removed) Time/Schedule Related: 105 routes remaining Location/Route Related: Owl service, weekend only, Few or no intermediate or specialized shuttles, limited local stops, routes primarily Step 3: Group bus transit routes that operating hours, few serving one employment function as one service departures. center, specialized shuttles and 40 Removed (27 routes removed) school routes. 78 routes remaining 11 Removed

Several bus transit routes (particularly External Factors: AC Transit Transbay services) function Due to difficult economic together effectively as one service; Step 4: Preliminary examination times, BART expansion, and other external factors, routes duplicates of other routes Remove routes with average weekday ridership less than were discontinued. 5 Removed 1000 passengers (55 routes removed)

U.S. BRT Examples 23 routes remaining Honolulu: 11,000 Los Angeles Wilshire Corridor: 40,000 Miami: 13,000 Step 5: In-depth examination of Pittsburgh: 9,000 ridership (18 routes removed) 5 routes remaining

Solicit input from Caltrans for case study(ies)

FIGURE 3 Methodology for Selecting Candidate Bus Rapid Transit Corridors

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Step 1: Length of Bus Transit Routes that Travel on State Routes

As part of our assignment to focus on existing bus routes traveling on state routes, we assumed that the existing transit system and the state route network adequately serves existing population movements and so there was no need to perform a transit demand evaluation of the Bay Area.

We used information gathered from the Bay Area Transit Information website (4) and from individual Bay Area transit agencies to compile an inventory of all of the bus transit routes that travel on state routes as shown in Figure 2. The 188 of the more than 500 Bay Area bus transit routes travel along some portion of a state route. Consistent with our project objective of focusing on regional aspects and interconnectivity opportunities of bus rapid transit in the Bay Area, we initially considered whether to include each of the 188 bus routes, independent of their lengths that traveled on state routes, i.e., no matter how little on state routes. We ultimately decided to consider further those bus routes whose share on state routes was above some cut-off threshold. Our intention was to be conservative and choose a small value so as not to omit too many bus routes based solely on this factor, yet also remain faithful to the regional service character of this project. We selected a threshold of one mile. While some local bus transit routes operate a short portion of their route along state roadways, most of the bus routes traversing state roadways are more regional in nature; of the 188 bus transit routes traveling along state roadways in the Bay Area, 162 traverse these roadways for more than one mile. A complete description of the 188 bus routes and the 16 whose portion on state routes are one mile or less may be found in Appendix I.

Step 2: Demand Characteristics (Time and Location) and External Factors

A detailed examination of the remaining routes revealed characteristics that made some routes unsuitable bus rapid transit operation. These characteristics were limited operating hours, such as night service or weekend service only; limited operating hours; low frequency services, such as 1-hour headways with few departures and arrivals; specialized route structures, such as a connection service. The primary reasons for eliminating routes related to schedules and route structures; throughout the process external factors such as discontinued routes also played a role.

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Forty bus transit routes were removed from further consideration based on schedule characteristics that were deemed inappropriate for BRT implementation based on current BRT system experience. A few routes such as AC Transit Route A operate owl (late night) service only, while others such as Route 63 only run during weekends. Because of their limited service, these routes were removed from further investigation. A closer look at schedules provided by the individual transit agencies and by the Bay Area Transit Information website (7) revealed many bus routes that operate very limited peak-hour only service. For example, Golden Gate Transit Route 60 operates between San Rafael and San Francisco with only one southbound departure during the morning and one northbound departure during the evening. In contrast, most BRT systems operate with frequent service throughout the day. Several routes were eliminated based on a combination of limited service characteristics, including large headways, limited hours of operation, and a small number of departures. Many of these routes cater to commuters; although they provide an important transit service, they were not considered the best candidates for BRT implementation given their limited operational characteristics.

An additional 11 routes were eliminated based on route characteristics that would not embody a successful BRT system. These routes include specialized shuttle services such as AC Transit Route 52/52L, which operates between the University of California at Berkeley’s campus and one of the University’s housing centers. Also removed from further review were routes with few or no intermediate or local collector stops, which often serve one employment center; such routes do not represent the structure common of successful BRT systems in other cities. For example, Route 20X has no stops between the Dublin/Pleasanton BART station and Livermore – the route primarily serves the major employment center at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory – and is a typical express bus service. Bus rapid transit is a corridor service.

Throughout the process of selecting suitable routes for further analysis, external factors and developments also played a role in determining which bus transit routes would be analyzed. Faced with difficult economic circumstances, AC Transit has canceled some bus routes, including Route 6 operating between Parkwood and Piedmont. Additionally, the recent expansion of BART to San Francisco International Airport has led to the cancellation of SamTrans Routes 193 and BX. Finally, the Contra Costa Transportation Authority (CCTA) and

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BART recently co-led the SR 4 East Corridor Transit Study, whose objective was to determine what transit improvements would be timely and effective measures to provide East County residents and employees with alternatives to auto travel in the short and medium term. Transit options as well as highway improvements were considered including eBART2, BART extensions, express buses, bus rapid transit, and combinations of these options. The findings from the assessment of alternatives recommended the use of eBART as the locally preferred alternative along the SR 4 corridor using Union Pacific (UP) rail right-of-way in east Contra Costa County from Pittsburg/Bay Point BART to Loveridge Road via SR 4 median then to Byron via UP’s Mococo Line (8). As a follow-up to these recommendations, Tri Delta Routes 300 and 391, which serve the SR 4 corridor between Pittsburg and Brentwood, could be removed from further consideration. The result of Step 2 was the removal of 57 bus transit routes from further consideration for upgrade to bus rapid transit based on demand characteristics and external factors. A description of the 162 bus routes and the 57 routes whose demand characteristics do not support bus rapid transit operation may be found in Appendix II.

Step 3: Grouping of Bus Transit Routes that Function as a Single Service

Several bus transit routes were grouped together to represent one service based on similarities in route structures. In particular, AC Transit operates numerous transbay bus routes between San Francisco and various locations in the East Bay, many of which function essentially as one service. For example, AC Transit Routes N, NF, NG, NH, NL, and NV all operate between San Francisco and San Leandro, with minor route variations. From a BRT perspective, these bus transit routes could function effectively as one service running frequently throughout the day, rather than as separate more limited individual services assuming that the trunk line would be serviced by feeder/collector routes from surrounding neighborhoods. Similar logic was applied to AC Transit routes operating between San Francisco and Alameda, Berkeley, El Cerrito, El Sobrante, Hayward, and Trestle Glen, as well as with AC Transit Routes 72, 72M, and 72R, which all run between Richmond and Oakland. A few bus transit routes were listed by multiple transit agencies, and thus duplicates were removed during this step - for example , SamTrans, and Santa Clara VTA all list the DB and DB1 as bus routes – to avoid including these individual routes under multiple agencies. Another consolidation of routes was

2 eBART is a new non-electrified operation of self-propelled Diesel Multiple Units.

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for SamTrans routes 390 and 391, which travel on SR 82 (El Camino Real) and have overlapping alignments for much of their routes, even though SR 390 goes further south to Palo Alto than SR 391, while SR 391 goes further north to San Francisco than SR 390. The result of this process was the removal of 27 duplicate routes. A description of the 105 bus routes and the 27 routes that were removed due to route consolidation and duplication may be found in Appendix III.

In order to represent multiple bus transit routes that function as one, ridership figures for each of the individual routes were added to represent the total service ridership. For example, while the highest average weekday ridership of each of the AC Transit “N” routes was 800 passengers, the total average weekday ridership for all of the “N” routes was 2,500 passengers; such ridership groupings were an important input into Step 4.

Step 4: Passenger Ridership for BRT (Preliminary Examination)

The enhanced service provided by BRT implementation can potentially have the effect of attracting new riders. However, without an existing demand for transit service, a BRT system is not likely to be successful. In order to ensure that sufficient demand for transit service exists, only bus transit routes with at least a minimum threshold average weekday ridership were selected and we considered ridership on currently existing BRT systems in the U.S. Moreover, our intention was again to be conservative and choose a relatively small value so as not to omit too many bus routes based solely on this factor, yet also remain faithful to the fact that without existing demand, a BRT system is not likely to be successful. We selected a threshold of 1,000 riders for the average weekday ridership. Bus routes with less than 1,000 passengers were removed from further evaluation as potential BRT candidates.

Successfully implemented BRT corridors in the United States typically have average ridership figures significantly greater than 1,000 passengers per weekday. For example in Los Angeles, the Wilshire-Whittier Boulevard corridor carries approximately 40,000 average weekday riders. Average weekday ridership on Pittsburgh’s East Busway is approximately 9,000, while Honolulu’s CityExpress! Route A carries 11,000 average weekday passengers, and Miami- Dade’s South Busway carries about 2,100 average weekday passengers on its Busway Local

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Route and about 3,500 on its Busway MAX Route. Again, we used these ridership figures only as an approximate guide.

It should be noted that the use of ridership data to select potential BRT candidates could have been done before steps 1-3; however the time involved for individual transit agencies to respond to data requests required that this step be delayed. Ultimately we were able to obtain ridership data for each of the 78 bus transit routes remaining after going through Steps 1 through 3. Ridership data was obtained by route from each transit agency for February 2003 or later; some agencies were unable to provide such data and in these instances the most recently available ridership figures were used. Table 3 shows the distribution of ridership by the volume of bus transit routes from these 78 remaining routes; the 23 bus transit routes that had an average weekday ridership greater than 1,000 passengers are detailed in Table 4 and depicted more graphically in Figure 4. A description of the 78 bus routes with their average weekday ridership estimates and the 23 bus routes with average weekday ridership of at least 1,000 may be found in Appendices IV and V, respectively.

TABLE 3 Distribution of Ridership

Average Weekday Ridership Number of Bus Transit Routes 0 – 249 17 250 – 499 21 500 – 999 17 1,000 – 1,999 10 2,000 – 4,999 8 5,000+ 5

Figure 4 shows the resulting 23 bus transit routes in the Bay Area following our selection process. These routes represent seven of the previously identified 15 transit agencies (See Table 2) and pass through every Bay Area County except Napa County. Several of theses routes have been established as potential BRT corridors by individual transit agencies. We have highlighted in bold and in italics in Table 4 those four transit agencies and associated state routes, bus routes, and average weekday ridership that are currently undergoing planning for implementation as bus rapid transit systems in the Bay Area. Not surprisingly, they comprise those bus routes with the

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four largest ridership volumes among the 23 routes remaining after our selection process and include:

· AC Transit’s existing San Pablo corridor (Routes 72-72M-72R on SR 123) · AC Transit’s planned for bus rapid transit system (Routes 82-82L along Telegraph Avenue/International Boulevard/14th Street corridor) · SamTrans signal priority project on El Camino Real (Routes 390/391 on SR 82) · Santa Clara VTA’s signal priority project on El Camino Real (Route 22 on SR 82)

FIGURE 4 Selected Bay Area Bus Transit Routes

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TABLE 4 Characteristics of Top Twenty-Three Bus Routes

State Route Total Length Length on SR Average Weekday Transit Agency (SR) Bus Route (mi) (mi) % on SR Ridership AC Transit 13/24 64 15.6 6.3 40% 1,069 AC Transit 123 72-72M-72R 16.6-16.9 9.3-11.0 56-65% 15,513 AC Transit 580/80 80 11.3 3.5 31% 1,041 AC Transit 185 82/82L 18.5 16.0 87% 22,481 AC Transit 123/80 L-LA-LB-LB1-LC 15.0-26.7 16.5-18.0 68%+ 1,064 AC Transit 80/580 N-NF-NG-NH-NL-NV 17.2-31.6 11.2-16.9 53-65% 2,489 AC Transit 880/80 O-OX-OX1 15.1-19.0 8.6 45-57% 1,968 Golden Gate Transit 101 4 21.2 10.8 51% 1,485 Golden Gate Transit 101 10 24.5 8.0 33% 1,027 Golden Gate Transit 101 20 32.4 13.7 42% 3,757 Golden Gate Transit 1/101 50 41.9 18.3 44% 3,658 Golden Gate Transit 101 70 31.6 23.6 75% 1,117 Golden Gate Transit 101 80 62.1 49.0 79% 3,212 SamTrans 1 110 11.4 6.0 53% 1,179 SamTrans 82 390/391 26.7-33.9 25.0 74%-93% 13,224 SamTrans 101/82 KX 36.2 13.0 36% 2,406 San Francisco Muni 280 14X 10.1 2.6 26% 2,358 San Francisco Muni 101 9X 12.9 3.1 24% 8,340 Santa Clara VTA 82 22 27.0 15.0 55% 20,000 Santa Clara VTA 880/680 180 37.4 12.7 34% 2,000 Santa Clara VTA 82 300 24.2 14.0 57% 2,871 Vallejo Transit 80 80 21.5 14.4 67% 1,400 WestCAT 4/80/123 J 14.5 6.3 44% 1,570

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25,000 22,500 20,000 17,500 15,000 12,500 10,000 7,500 5,000

Average Weekday Ridership 2,500 0

Muni (9X) Muni (14X) WestCAT (J) SC VTA (22) SC VTA (180) SC VTA (300) AC Transit (80)AC Transit (64) SamTrans (KX) Golden Gate (10) Golden GSamTransate (70) (110)Golden Gate (4) Golden GoldenGate (80) GoldenGate (50) Gate (20) Vallejo Transit (80) SamTrans (390/391) AC Transit (82-82L) AC Transit (O-OX-OX1) AC Transit (72-72M-72R)

AC Transit (L-LA-LB-LB1-LC) AC Transit (N-NF-NG-NH-NL-NV) Transit Agency (Bus Route)

FIGURE 5 Average Weekday Ridership for Top Twenty-Three Bus Routes

The bus route with the fifth largest ridership is Muni’s route 9X that travels on US 101. Route 9X appears in three of Muni’s 13 corridors as part of its vision for rapid transit in San Francisco (3), one of which is under planning consideration for implementation of bus rapid transit3.

Step 5: Passenger Ridership for BRT (In-depth Investigation)

In this final step, we examined in more detail these 23 bus routes, again in terms of their ridership to better understand what level of ridership is needed to sustain a successful BRT service. Recall that we purposely were conservative in our selection of 1000 passengers as the cut-off value for minimum average weekday ridership needed for bus rapid transit systems. From

3 The three 9X corridors are 1. Chinatown-North Beach-Marina, 2. Geneva-Ocean, and 3. Potrero-San Bruno. Numbers 1. and 2. are being considered for LRT and #3 for BRT.

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Table 4 and more obviously from Figure 5, there is a distinct and clearly defined division between 18 of the bus route corridors and the remaining five. These 18 routes’ average weekday ridership ranges from a minimum of 1,027 to a maximum of 3,757. In this step we investigated more closely those currently implemented BRT corridors with the smallest average weekday ridership. We identified these corridors from the recently completed TCRP A-23 Project Report (9) and began with the corridor with the smallest ridership, namely, the Independence Boulevard busway in Charlotte, North Carolina. Our objective in this step is to search for the BRT system with the lowest ridership and use that ridership as a lower bound in our current project to more narrowly focus onto the best potential BRT candidates.

The Independence Boulevard Busway in Charlotte, North Carolina is a 2.1-mile long two-way corridor that opened in December 1998. It is located in an unused HOV lane and has no stations. The busway consists of two ten-foot lanes within a 24-foot total barrier separated roadway. It includes a queue jumper at the first outbound traffic signal that allows buses to bypass congestion. Four express bus routes operate on this busway; during the morning and evening peak periods there are buses every 4 minutes in each direction. As of January 2000, average monthly ridership was 15,700 passengers translating into approximately 1,100 passengers on an average weekday.

In 2000, there were no special vehicles or features found on this corridor, such as stations, off- vehicle fare collection, color-coding, or intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In 2001, construction began on the next mile of the HOV lane. The proposed BRT improvements included retrofitting 3.9-mile of Independence Boulevard into a bus facility with five new stations, adding ITS such as AVL, APC and real-time information on buses.

The A-23 report (9) assessment includes the following quotation: “This system is really an elongated ‘queue bypass’ rather than an integrated BRT system. It is not a clear indication to the public of what BRT systems can achieve, for it has no stations, no ways to expedite passenger boarding, and no clear identity.”

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In short, the bus service on the Independence Boulevard Busway is not really bus rapid transit. Since our current project is looking for possible BRT candidates, we continued looking for the BRT system with the smallest ridership.

The TCRP A-23 report lists the following high quality busways with the next lowest ridership values:

TABLE 5 Houston and Pittsburgh Busways

City Facility Weekday AM peak-hour AM peak-hour ridership peak direction peak direction buses riders Houston Eastex 4,500 22 1,150 Northwest 6,180 34 1,500 Gulf 6,685 21 1,200 Pittsburgh West Busway 7,000 40 1,700 Houston Southwest 8,900 54 No data

Busways in Houston Houston’s High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes are used by buses, carpools, vanpools and motorcyclists and each such facility consists of a single reversible lane that is barrier separated. The HOV lanes are supported by an extensive system of park and ride facilities and operate during peak periods in the peak direction. Buses operate as express service between major activity centers. Most bus services operate only during peak periods. “They provide a timely and cost effective solution to commuting in the Houston area. The HOV lane systems are in many respects a rubber-tired commuter rail-like service.” (9). While Houston’s freeway HOV lane system has substantially improved travel speeds, they are more express bus services then BRT service.

West Busway in Pittsburgh The 5.6-mile West Busway opened in September 2000 with 14 routes on the 6-station facility carrying approximately 7,000 riders per day. These busways are two-lane bus-only controlled access roadways. Only emergency and police vehicles, Port Authority Transit (PAT) buses and neighboring transit agency vehicles are permitted to use the facilities. At stops the busway is widened to four lanes to enable express buses to pass around stopped vehicles. The 14 routes operate along the West Busway, including six express and three flyer routes between 5AM to

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midnight daily. Buses operate at about 5-7 minute headways during the morning peak period and with 10 minute headways in the evening peak period. Service frequency is 10 to 15 minutes during midday and approximately every 20 minutes during the evening. Of the 1000-vehicle fleet, 160 buses are low-floor. The low floor buses all have next stop announcements. Stations feature weather protective shelters, newspaper boxes, bike racks, telephones, security prone system, information and landscaping. About 350 park-and-ride spaces are provided at four locations. Fare collection takes place on-board buses.

The A-23 report (9) assessment includes the following quotation: “It [Pittsburgh’s West Busway] provides a combination of frequent all-stop (typical rapid transit) and express services. The busway is state of the art facility. Reliable safe speeds of 30- 40 mph along the busway clearly classify the service on it as rapid transit. The bus rapid transit aspects of the busway service could be enhanced by using distinctive, specially delineated buses with wide doors and low floors for busway All-Stop service, and by providing off-vehicle fare collection.”

Therefore, the West Busway in Pittsburgh is the BRT system with the lowest documented ridership. For our current research we will use its ridership as the minimum weekday ridership for a successful BRT system. Hence we have identified our 5 best candidates for BRT in the Bay Area (Table 6).

TABLE 6 Five Top Candidate Corridors for Bus Rapid Transit in San Francisco Bay Area

State Route Average Weekday Ridership Transit Agency (SR) Bus Route (Number of Passengers) AC Transit 185 82/82L 22,481 Santa Clara VTA 82 22 20,000 AC Transit 123 72-72M-72R 15,513 SamTrans 82 390/391 13,224 San Francisco Muni 101 9X 8,340

It is noteworthy that these five top candidate corridors reflect precisely ongoing bus rapid transit corridor activities in the San Francisco Bay Area (See Section 2 “BRT Activities in the Bay Area”). This finding helps support the validity of the more non-traditional and top-down

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approach taken in this project to initially focus on state routes to identify potential bus rapid transit corridors.

5. CONCLUSIONS Since the objective of the current project is to identify transit routes that could support a BRT service we recommend investigating the potential benefits that an upgrade to BRT could bring to these bus routes. At this stage in the project we are soliciting input from Caltrans to assist us in selecting a single bus route corridor from this list of five on which to perform more in-depth analysis. We are considering several criteria to make the final bus route corridor selection including the route corridor 1) with the highest average weekday ridership in order to benefit the most riders possible 2) with two transit agencies operating on it thus bringing together additional opportunities for organizational collaboration and coordination, 3) with a bus rapid transit system that is already in operation, and 4) that is currently only at the initial stage of being considered for bus rapid transit system operation.

Furthermore, we recommend keeping in mind that even if a full BRT service cannot yet be implemented, there are potential interim solutions (such as express routes, or HOV lanes) that could improve the quality of service on these routes and potentially improve the service on the other 18 routes whose average weekday ridership is between 1,000 and 4,000 passengers.

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6. REFERENCES

1. Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority Web site: http://www.vta.org/projects/line22brt.html 2. AC Transit Berkeley/Oakland/San Leandro Corridor MIS Final Report Volume 1: Study Background and Final Report Volume 3: Evaluation of Alternatives, Cambridge Systematics, Inc., September 9, 2002) 3. San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni), “A Vision for Rapid Transit in San Francisco”, 2002. 4. Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Blueprint for the 21st Century, March 2000. 5. DKS Associates, et al. 2002 High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Master Plan Update Final Summary Report, Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Caltrans District 4, and the California Highway Patrol Golden Gate Division, March 2003. 6. Transportation and Land Use Coalition, “Revolutionizing Bay Area Transit ... on a Budget”, October 2002. 7. Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Internet Web site, http://www.mtc.ca.gov/ and http://www.transitinfo.org/ 8. SR 4 East Corridor Transit Study, Executive Summary, and Summary Report, by Wilbur Smith Associates, dated 12/12/02 and Transit Improvement Options ? State Route 4 East Corridor Transit Study, Wilbur Smith Associates, December 5, 2001. 9. Levinson, H., S. Zimmerman, J. Clinger, S. Rutherford, R. Smith, J. Cracknell, and R. Soberman, TCRP Report 90 Bus Rapid Transit Volume 1: Case Studies in Bus Rapid Transit, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2003.

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Appendix I – 188 Bus Routes Traveling Along State Routes

Transit Agency State Route Bus Route Route Description Remarks AC TRANSIT (56 Routes) AC Transit 13 6 Parkwood - Piedmont AC Transit 123 7 Del Norte BART - Rockridge BART LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH AC Transit 123 17 Powell Plaza - Rockridge BART LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH AC Transit 880 35X Kaiser Center - Alameda AC Transit 880 36X Kaiser Center – Hayward AC Transit 123 52/52L U.C. Village - U.C. Campus AC Transit 123 57/57C Emeryville - Bayfair BART LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH AC Transit 580 58X Downtown Oakland - MacArthur Blvd. Express AC Transit 13/24 64 Downtown Berkeley - Merritt College AC Transit 123 70 El Cerrito Del Norte BART - Richmond Parkway Transit Center AC Transit 123 72 Richmond - Downtown Oakland AC Transit 123 72M Richmond - Downtown Oakland (Former Route 73) AC Transit 123 72R San Pablo Rapid Bus (Former Route 72L) AC Transit 123 78 Richmond BART - Contra Costa College APPROXIMATELY 1 MILE IN LENGTH AC Transit 580/80 80 San Leandro BART - Castro Valley AC Transit 185 82/82L West Oakland - Hayward BART AC Transit 80 90 Hayward BART - Hesperian Blvd. AC Transit 123/80 376 North Richmond Shuttle APPROXIMATELY 1 MILE IN LENGTH AC Transit 80 A San Francisco - Oakland Owl AC Transit 80 B San Francisco - Trestle Glen AC Transit 80 BX San Francisco - Trestle Glen AC Transit 80 C San Francisco - Piedmont AC Transit 80 CB San Francisco - Montclair AC Transit 580/80 E San Francisco - Claremont AC Transit 80 F San Francisco - Berkeley AC Transit 80 FS San Francisco - Berkeley AC Transit 80 G San Francisco - El Cerrito AC Transit 13/80 H San Francisco - El Cerrito AC Transit 80 HX San Francisco - El Cerrito AC Transit 80 K San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 880/80 KH San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 123/80 L San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 80 LA San Francisco - LA Hilltop AC Transit 123/80 LB San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 123/80 LB1 San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 123/80 LC San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 80 LD San Francisco - Richmond AC Transit 80 N San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NF San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NG San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 580/80 NH San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NL San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 580/80 NV San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 880/80 O San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 OX San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 OX1 San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 80 P San Francisco - Piedmont AC Transit 580/80 RCV San Francisco - Castro Valley AC Transit 880/80 S San Francisco - Hayward AC Transit 880/80 SA San Francisco - Hayward AC Transit 880/80 SB San Francisco - Newark AC Transit 13/80 V San Francisco - Montclair AC Transit 880/80 W San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 WA San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 80/123 Y San Francisco - Emeryville AC Transit 80 Z San Francisco - Albany

COUNTY CONNECTION (9 Routes) County Connection 580 121 Walnut Creek/San Ramon Valley LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH County Connection 4/680 308 Concord BART/Martinez Amtrak (Sundays only) County Connection 680 920 Walnut Creek/Danville/San Ramon ACE Shuttle County Connection 4 930 Kirker Pass Express County Connection 24 206L Lafayette Loop LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH County Connection 680 960B Bishop Ranch Express from Bollinger Canyon Road County Connection 680 960C Bishop Ranch Express from Crow Canyon Road County Connection 680 970B San Ramon Commuter Express from Bollinger Canyon Road County Connection 680 970C San Ramon Commuter Express from Crow Canyon Road

DUMBARTON EXPRESS (2 Routes) Dumbarton Express 84 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Dumbarton Express 84 DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto)

FAIRFIELD-SUISUN TRANSIT (3 Routes) Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 20 Fairfield / Vacaville Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 30 Fairfield / Vacaville / Dixon / UC Davis Fairfield-Suisun Transit 680/80 40 Solano BART Express

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks GOLDEN GATE TRANSIT (35 Routes) Golden Gate Transit 101 1 Novato-San Rafael-College Of Marin Golden Gate Transit 101 2 Marin Headlands-Marin City-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 4 Mill Valley-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 5 Mill Valley-Strawberry-Sausalito Ferry Golden Gate Transit 101 8 Tiburon-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 9 Strawberry-Reed Ranch Road-Tiburon Ferry Golden Gate Transit 101 10 Tiburon-Mill Valley-Sausalito-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 18 San Anselmo-College Of Marin-Corte Madera-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 20 Canal-San Anselmo-Corte Madera-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 21 C.O.M.-Mill Valley Golden Gate Transit 101 24 Lagunitas-Manor-San Anselmo-Greenbrae-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 25 Sleepy Hollow-San Rafael-Larkspur Ferry Golden Gate Transit 101 26 Sleepy Hollow-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 28 San Rafael-Canal--San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 32 Peacock Gap-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 34 Santa Venetia-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 37 Terra Linda-San Rafael-Larkspur Ferry Terminal Golden Gate Transit 101 38 Terra Linda-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 580/101 40 San Rafael - Del Norte BART Express Golden Gate Transit 101 44 Lucas Valley-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 48 Novato-Ignacio-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 1/101 50 San Marin-Novato-San Rafael-Sausalito-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 51 San Marin-South Novato Blvd.-Larkspur Ferry Terminal Golden Gate Transit 101 54 San Marin-Novato Blvd.-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 56 San Marin-Rowland Park & Ride - San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 60 San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 1 63 Stinson Beach-Marin City Golden Gate Transit 101 70 Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 72 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park Expressway-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 74 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park-Petaluma-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 75 Santa Rosa-Marin Civic Center-San Rafael-Phoenix Leasing Golden Gate Transit 101 76 Rohnert Park-East Petaluma-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 80 Santa Rosa-Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 93 Golden Gate Bridge-S.F.Civic Center- Mission Street Golden Gate Transit 101 97 Larkspur Ferry-San Francisco

SAMTRANS (24 Routes) SamTrans 1 15 Half Moon Bay - Pescadero SamTrans 1 17 Coast Shuttle (Moss Beach - Half Moon Bay) SamTrans 1 110 Linda Mar - Daly City BART SamTrans 1 112 Linda Mar-Serramonte-Colma BART SamTrans 35 121 Skyline College - Lowell/Hanover APPROXIMATELY 1 MILE IN LENGTH SamTrans 82 130 Daly City BART - South San Francisco LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH SamTrans 82 193 SF Airport - Daly City BART - Stonestown SC SamTrans 92 250 College of San Mateo - 2nd & Main APPROXIMATELY 1 MILE IN LENGTH SamTrans 82 261 San Carlos Train-Brittan/Crestview-San Carlos Train LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH SamTrans 82 262 Alameda & Ralston - Hillsdale SC LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH SamTrans 82 271 Redwood City - Roosevelt LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH SamTrans 1/92 294 Pacifica - Half Moon Bay - Hillsdale Caltrain SamTrans 82 390 Palo Alto - Redwood City - Daly City BART SamTrans 82 391 Redwood City - Colma BART - San Francisco SamTrans 82 397 San Francisco - Palo Alto Caltrain SamTrans 280/380 BX Colma BART - SF Airport - Colma BART SamTrans 1 CX Linda Mar - Colma BART SamTrans 82 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) SamTrans 1/280 DX Pacifica-San Francisco SamTrans 101 FX Foster City - San Francisco Express SamTrans 101/82 KX Palo Alto - SFO - San Francisco SamTrans 101/82/380 MX San Mateo - San Francisco SamTrans 101 NX Redwood Shores-San Francisco SamTrans 101/82 PX Redwood City-San Francisco

SAN FRANCISCO MUNI (2 Routes) San Francisco Muni 280 14X Mission Limited / Express San Francisco Muni 101 9X San Bruno Express

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks SANTA CLARA VTA (21 Routes) Santa Clara VTA 82 22 Eastridge - Palo Alto/Menlo Park Santa Clara VTA 82 34 Santa Clara Caltrain - San Antonio Shopping Center LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Santa Clara VTA 82 52 Mountain View Caltrain - Foothill College LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Santa Clara VTA 82 56 Milpitas - Sunnyvale LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Santa Clara VTA 17 76 Los Gatos - Summit Road Santa Clara VTA 280 101 Camden/Hwy. 85 - Palo Alto Santa Clara VTA 85/280 102 Santa Teresa LRT Station - Palo Alto Santa Clara VTA 237/101 104 East San Jose - Palo Alto Santa Clara VTA 101 122 Santa Teresa LRT Station - Lockheed Martin Santa Clara VTA 680 140 Fremont BART - Sunnyvale Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 880/237 141 Fremont BART - Great America Santa Clara VTA 880/680 180 Fremont BART - San Jose Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 82 300 East San Jose - Palo Alto Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 82 305 South San Jose - Mountain View Santa Clara VTA 280/87/85 501 Palo Alto - IBM Bailey Santa Clara VTA 280/680 503 Eastridge - Palo Alto Santa Clara VTA 237/101/680 520 Fremont BART - Lockheed Martin - Shoreline Industrial Park Santa Clara VTA 101 521 Gilroy - Lockheed Martin Santa Clara VTA 82 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Santa Clara VTA 101 DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Santa Clara VTA 17/280 HWY17 (Santa Cruz - San Jose)

SONOMA COUNTY TRANSIT (7 Routes) Sonoma County Transit 12/116 20 Occidental-Monte Rio-Santa Rosa Sonoma County Transit 12 22 Downtown Sebastopol-Downtown Santa Rosa Express Sonoma County Transit 116 24 Sebastopol Area Local Service LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Sonoma County Transit 116 26 Sebastopol-Rohnert Park-Sonoma State University Sonoma County Transit 12 30 Santa Rosa-Sonoma Valley Sonoma County Transit 12 34 Sonoma Valley Local Commute Sonoma County Transit 116 40 Sonoma Valley-Petaluma

TRI DELTA TRANSIT (5 Routes) Tri Delta Transit 4 200 Bay Point / Tri Delta Antioch (Weekdays only) Tri Delta Transit 4 300 Pittsburg BART / Brentwood (Weekdays only / commute hours) Tri Delta Transit 4 391 Pittsburg BART / Brentwood Park & Ride (Weekdays only) Tri Delta Transit 4 393 Pittsburg BART / Hillcrest Park & Ride (Sat, Sun & Holidays only) Tri Delta Transit 4 DX Lawrence Livermore Lab/Sandia Lab Delta Express

UNION CITY TRANSIT (1 Route) Union City Transit 238 4 Seven Hills LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH

VALLEJO TRANSIT (3 Routes) Vallejo Transit 80 80 Vallejo/El Cerrito Del Norte BART Vallejo Transit 80 90 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART Vallejo Transit 80 91 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART

VINE (1 Route) VINE 29 10 Vallejo-Napa-Calistoga

WESTCAT (8 Routes) WestCAT 123 11 Crockett/Rodeo WestCAT 123 16 Pinole Valley LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH WestCAT 123 17 BayView LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH WestCAT 123 18 Tara Hills APPROXIMATELY 1 MILE IN LENGTH WestCAT 123 19 Hilltop/Hercules APPROXIMATELY 1 MILE IN LENGTH WestCAT 4/80/123 30Z Martinez Link WestCAT 4/80/123 J Rodeo/Hercules/Pinole/Hilltop/El Cerrito Del Norte BART WestCAT 80 JX /El Cerrito Del Norte BART

WHEELS (11 Routes) Wheels 84 7 Valley / Downtown Pleasanton / Case Ave / BART LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Wheels 84 8 Vintage Hills / Downtown Pleasanton / Valley / BART LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Wheels 84 11 Springtown via First Street / Civic Center Wheels 580/680 70 Prime Time Route 70 Walnut Creek Wheels 680 71 Prime Time Lockheed / Sunnyvale Wheels 680 72 Prime Time Intel / Santa Clara Wheels 84 601 Pleasanton M.S. - Ruby Hill - Sunol and Mission LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Wheels 84 606 Pleasanton M.S. - First & Vineyard - Case and Bernal LESS THAN 1 MILE IN LENGTH Wheels 84 11L Granada / Livermore High School Wheels 580 12X Livermore / BART Express Wheels 580 20X Vasco Road / Livermore Labs / BART

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Appendix II – 162 Bus Routes Traveling More Than One Mile on State Routes

Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks AC TRANSIT (51 Routes) AC Transit 13 6 Parkwood - Piedmont TO BE DISCONTINUED LIMITED SERVICE; NB SERVICE HAS 3D IN AM AND 3D IN PM; SB SERVICE HAS 2D AM AND 4D AC Transit 880 35X Kaiser Center - Alameda IN PM W/ 30-45 MIN HDWYS. LIMITED SERVICE; 2D AM @ 6:48 & 7:23 WB; 2D AC Transit 880 36X Kaiser Center – Hayward PM @ 4:30 & 5:05 EB; AC Transit 123 52/52L U.C. Village - U.C. Campus SPECIALIZED SHUTTLE FOR UC RUN BY AC AC Transit 580 58X Downtown Oakland - MacArthur Blvd. Express AC Transit 13/24 64 Downtown Berkeley - Merritt College AC Transit 123 70 El Cerrito Del Norte BART - Richmond Parkway Transit Center AC Transit 123 72 Richmond - Downtown Oakland AC Transit 123 72M Richmond - Downtown Oakland (Former Route 73) AC Transit 123 72R San Pablo Rapid Bus (Former Route 72L) AC Transit 580/80 80 San Leandro BART - Castro Valley AC Transit 185 82/82L West Oakland - Hayward BART AC Transit 80 90 Hayward BART - Hesperian Blvd. AC Transit 80 A San Francisco - Oakland Owl OWL SERVICE AC Transit 80 B San Francisco - Trestle Glen AC Transit 80 BX San Francisco - Trestle Glen AC Transit 80 C San Francisco - Piedmont AC Transit 80 CB San Francisco - Montclair AC Transit 580/80 E San Francisco - Claremont AC Transit 80 F San Francisco - Berkeley AC Transit 80 FS San Francisco - Berkeley AC Transit 80 G San Francisco - El Cerrito AC Transit 13/80 H San Francisco - El Cerrito AC Transit 80 HX San Francisco - El Cerrito AC Transit 80 K San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 880/80 KH San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 123/80 L San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 80 LA San Francisco - LA Hilltop AC Transit 123/80 LB San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 123/80 LB1 San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 123/80 LC San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 80 LD San Francisco - Richmond AC Transit 80 N San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NF San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NG San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 580/80 NH San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NL San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 580/80 NV San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 880/80 O San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 OX San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 OX1 San Francisco - Alameda EXPRESS SERVICE WITH ONLY FEW LOCAL AC Transit 80 P San Francisco - Piedmont COLLECTOR STOPS, NONE ON SR AC Transit 580/80 RCV San Francisco - Castro Valley AC Transit 880/80 S San Francisco - Hayward AC Transit 880/80 SA San Francisco - Hayward AC Transit 880/80 SB San Francisco - Newark AC Transit 13/80 V San Francisco - Montclair AC Transit 880/80 W San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 WA San Francisco - Alameda SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: EB PM SERVICE @ 5:10 & 5:50 W/ 2D & 40 MIN HDWY; WB AM SERVICE @ 7:05 & 7:45 W/ 2D & 40 MIN HDWY; NO WKEND AC Transit 80/123 Y San Francisco - Emeryville SERVICE. AC Transit 80 Z San Francisco - Albany

COUNTY CONNECTION (7 Routes) County Connection 4/680 308 Concord BART/Martinez Amtrak (Sundays only) SUNDAY ONLY County Connection 680 920 Walnut Creek/Danville/San Ramon ACE Shuttle County Connection 4 930 Kirker Pass Express County Connection 680 960B Bishop Ranch Express from Bollinger Canyon Road County Connection 680 960C Bishop Ranch Express from Crow Canyon Road County Connection 680 970B San Ramon Commuter Express from Bollinger Canyon Road County Connection 680 970C San Ramon Commuter Express from Crow Canyon Road

DUMBARTON EXPRESS (2 Routes) Dumbarton Express 84 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Dumbarton Express 84 DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto)

FAIRFIELD-SUISIN TRANSIT (3 Routes) Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 20 Fairfield / Vacaville Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 30 Fairfield / Vacaville / Dixon / UC Davis Fairfield-Suisun Transit 680/80 40 Solano BART Express PART OF BART EXPRESS SERVICE

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks GOLDEN GATE TRANSIT (35 Routes) AVG WKDY RDRSHP 1685 PASSENGERS; TOTAL LENGTH ~25 MILES 1 MILE OF WHICH IS Golden Gate Transit 101 1 Novato-San Rafael-College Of Marin ON SR (US 101) Golden Gate Transit 101 2 Marin Headlands-Marin City-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 4 Mill Valley-San Francisco SPECIALIZED SHUTTLE SERVICE; RUNS ONLY Golden Gate Transit 101 5 Mill Valley-Strawberry-Sausalito Ferry 3X/DAY, 2AM-1PM LIMITED WKDY COMMUTE SERVICE NB PM BTW 4:30 & 5:35 W/ 4D 15-25 MIN HDWYS; SB AM BTW 6:30 & 8:30 W/ 5D 30 MIN HDWYS; AVG WKDY RDRSHP 194 PASSENGERS (SEPT 2002 Golden Gate Transit 101 8 Tiburon-San Francisco DATA) SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE (FERRY CONNECTOR): NB PM SERVICE BTW 4:50 & 6:40 W/ 3D & 50-60 MIN HDWYS; SB AM SERVICE BWT 5:30 & 8:10 W/ 4D & 50-60 MIN HDWYS; NO WKEND SERVICE; AVG WKDY RDRSHP 69 Golden Gate Transit 101 9 Strawberry-Reed Ranch Road-Tiburon Ferry PASSENGERS Golden Gate Transit 101 10 Tiburon-Mill Valley-Sausalito-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 18 San Anselmo-College Of Marin-Corte Madera-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 20 Canal-San Anselmo-Corte Madera-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 21 C.O.M.-Mill Valley Golden Gate Transit 101 24 Lagunitas-Manor-San Anselmo-Greenbrae-San Francisco

SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE (FERRY CONNECTOR): NB PM SERVICE BTW 5:40 & 7:10 W/ 4D & 15-50 MIN HDWYS; SB AM SERVICE BWT 6 & 7:20 W/ Golden Gate Transit 101 25 Sleepy Hollow-San Rafael-Larkspur Ferry 3D & 40-50 MIN HDWYS; NO WKEND SERVICE. Golden Gate Transit 101 26 Sleepy Hollow-San Rafael-San Francisco SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE (FERRY CONNECTOR): NB PM SERVICE BTW 4:40 & 5:10 W/ 2D & 30 MIN HDWY; SB AM SERVICE BWT 6:45 & 7 W/ 2D & Golden Gate Transit 101 28 San Rafael-Canal-Larkspur Landing-San Francisco 25 MIN HDWY; NO WKEND SERVICE. SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: NB PM SERVICE BTW 4:10 & 6 W/ 3D & 60 MIN HDWY; SB AM SERVICE BWT 6:10 & 7:10 W/ 2D & 25-30 MIN HDWY; NO Golden Gate Transit 101 32 Peacock Gap-San Rafael-San Francisco WKEND SERVICE. SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: NB PM SERVICE BTW 4:30 & 6:10 W/ 3D & 50 MIN HDWY; SB AM SERVICE BWT 5:30 & 7 W/ 4D & 30 MIN HDWY; NO Golden Gate Transit 101 34 Santa Venetia-San Rafael-San Francisco WKEND SERVICE.

SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE (FERRY CONNECTOR): NB PM SERVICE BTW 5:40 & 6:30 W/ 3D & 15-30 MIN HDWYS; SB AM SERVICE BWT 6 & 7:20 W/ Golden Gate Transit 101 37 Terra Linda-San Rafael-Larkspur Ferry Terminal 3D & 30-50 MIN HDWYS; NO WKEND SERVICE. Golden Gate Transit 101 38 Terra Linda-San Francisco SPECIALIZED EXPRESS SERVICE; NO Golden Gate Transit 580/101 40 San Rafael - Del Norte BART Express INTERMEDIATE STOPS Golden Gate Transit 101 44 Lucas Valley-San Francisco SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: NB PM SERVICE BTW 4:30 & 5:30 W/ 3D & 25-30 MIN HDWYS; SB AM SERVICE BWT 5:50 & 7 W/ 3D & 30 MIN HDWY; Golden Gate Transit 101 48 Novato-Ignacio-San Francisco NO WKEND SERVICE. Golden Gate Transit 1/101 50 San Marin-Novato-San Rafael-Sausalito-San Francisco SPECIALIZED SHUTTLE SERVICE; RUNS ONLY Golden Gate Transit 101 51 San Marin-South Novato Blvd.-Larkspur Ferry Terminal 2X IN AM AND ONE HOUR IN PM Golden Gate Transit 101 54 San Marin-Novato Blvd.-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 56 San Marin-Rowland Park & Ride - San Francisco SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD EXPRESS SERVICE: NB PM SERVICE @ 2PM AND 6PM & 4HR HDWY; SB AM SERVICE Golden Gate Transit 101 60 San Rafael-San Francisco ONLY 1D @ 4:35; Golden Gate Transit 1 63 Stinson Beach-Marin City WEEKEND SERVICE ONLY Golden Gate Transit 101 70 Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 72 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park Expressway-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 74 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park-Petaluma-San Francisco SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: NB PM SERVICE BTW 2:50 & 5 W/ 4D & 35-60 MIN HDWYS; SB AM SERVICE BWT 5:10 & 6:30 W/ 4D & 25-30 MIN HDWYS; Golden Gate Transit 101 75 Santa Rosa-Marin Civic Center-San Rafael-Phoenix Leasing NO WKEND SERVICE. Golden Gate Transit 101 76 Rohnert Park-East Petaluma-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 80 Santa Rosa-Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks SAMTRANS (18 Routes)

SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE NB AM & PM SERVICE 6:30 & 7:45 AM, 6 & 7 PM; SB AM & PM SERVICE 6 & SamTrans 1 15 Half Moon Bay - Pescadero 7:15 AM, 5:30 & 6:30 PM; NO WKEND SERVICE. SamTrans 1 17 Coast Shuttle (Moss Beach - Half Moon Bay) SamTrans 1 110 Linda Mar - Daly City BART SamTrans 1 112 Linda Mar-Serramonte-Colma BART SamTrans 82 193 SF Airport - Daly City BART - Stonestown SC TO BE DISCONTINUED SamTrans 1/92 294 Pacifica - Half Moon Bay - Hillsdale Caltrain SamTrans 82 390 Palo Alto - Redwood City - Daly City BART SamTrans 82 391 Redwood City - Colma BART - San Francisco

SERVICE RUNS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT; NB BTW 12:45 & 2:45 W/ 2D HOURLY HDWYS; SamTrans 82 397 San Francisco - Palo Alto Caltrain SB BTW 1:15 & 4:15 W/ 4D HOURLY HDWYS. SamTrans 280/380 BX Colma BART - SF Airport - Colma BART TO BE DISCONTINUED SamTrans 1 CX Linda Mar - Colma BART SamTrans 82 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) SamTrans 1/280 DX Pacifica-San Francisco SamTrans 101 FX Foster City - San Francisco Express SamTrans 101/82 KX Palo Alto - SFO - San Francisco SamTrans 101/82/380 MX San Mateo - San Francisco SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: NB AM SERVICE @ 6:20 & 7 W/ 2D & 40 MIN HDWY; SB PM SERVICE @ 4:40 & 5:20 W/ 2D & 40 MIN HDWY; NO WKEND SamTrans 101 NX Redwood Shores-San Francisco SERVICE. SamTrans 101/82 PX Redwood City-San Francisco

SAN FRANCISCO MUNI (2 Routes) San Francisco Muni 280 14X Mission Limited / Express San Francisco Muni 101 9X 9X San Bruno Express

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks SANTA CLARA VTA (18 Routes) Santa Clara VTA 82 22 Eastridge - Palo Alto/Menlo Park SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 6:20 & 7:20, 2D; PM BWT 2:30 & 5, 3D; ~ 1HR HDWYS; AVG WKDY Santa Clara VTA 17 76 Los Gatos - Summit Road RDRSHP: 80 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 5:45 & 7:15, 4D; PM BWT 3:40 & 5:45, 4D; ~ 30-40 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 280 101 Camden/Hwy. 85 - Palo Alto WKDY RDRSHP: 135 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 6 & 7:20, 3D; PM BWT 3:30 & 5:10, 3D; ~ 30-60 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 85/280 102 Santa Teresa LRT Station - Palo Alto WKDY RDRSHP: 129 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 3:15 & 4:30, 3D; PM BWT 5:30 & 7, 3D; ~ 35-45 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 237/101 104 East San Jose - Palo Alto WKDY RDRSHP: 137 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: ONLY AM DEPARTURE @ 5:50; ONLY PM DEPARTURE @ 4:40; AVG Santa Clara VTA 101 122 Santa Teresa LRT Station - Lockheed Martin WKDY RDRSHP: 110 PASSENGERS Santa Clara VTA 680 140 Fremont BART - Sunnyvale Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 880/237 141 Fremont BART - Great America WEEKEND ONLY SERVICE Santa Clara VTA 880/680 180 Fremont BART - San Jose Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 82 300 East San Jose - Palo Alto Caltrain SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 5 & 6:45, 3D; PM BWT 3 & 4:50, 3D; ~ 50-60 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 82 305 South San Jose - Mountain View WKDY RDRSHP: 153 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 7 & 7:30, 2D; PM BWT 4:50 & 5:30, 2D; ~ 30-40 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 280/87/85 501 Palo Alto - IBM Bailey WKDY RDRSHP: 53 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 5:10 & 7:20, 4D; PM BWT 2:40 & 5:10, 4D; ~ 40-55 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 280/680 503 Eastridge - Palo Alto WKDY RDRSHP: 155 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 5 & 7:10, 3D; PM BWT 2:45 & 5, 3D; ~ 40-75 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 237/101/680 520 Fremont BART - Lockheed Martin - Shoreline Industrial Park WKDY RDRSHP: 90 PASSENGERS SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: AM BTW 4:40 & 6:20, 4D; PM BWT 2:45 & 5, 4D; ~ 30-60 MIN HDWYS; AVG Santa Clara VTA 101 521 Gilroy - Lockheed Martin WKDY RDRSHP: 158 PASSENGERS Santa Clara VTA 82 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Santa Clara VTA 101 DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Santa Clara VTA 17/280 HWY17 Highway 17 Express (Santa Cruz - San Jose)

SONOMA COUNTY TRANSIT (6 Routes) Sonoma County Transit 12/116 20 Occidental-Monte Rio-Santa Rosa LIMITED EXPRESS SERVICE BIDIRECTIONAL IN AM & PM; EB W/ 4D AM & 2D PM; 30MIN & 2.5 HR HDWYS; WB W/ 2D AM & 4D PM; 2HR AM Sonoma County Transit 12 22 Downtown Sebastopol-Downtown Santa Rosa Express HDWY & 1-4.5HR PM HDWY LIMITED SERVICE AM & PM; 6D EB W/ 3D AM & 3D PM, 90-150 MIN HDWYS; WB 1D AM & 3D PM Sonoma County Transit 116 26 Sebastopol-Rohnert Park-Sonoma State University W/ 75-90 MIN HDWYS. Sonoma County Transit 12 30 Santa Rosa-Sonoma Valley EXPRESS SERVICE EB & WB; 1 EB D 6:35AM; 1 Sonoma County Transit 12 34 Sonoma Valley Local Commute WB D 5:30PM; NO WEEKEND SERVICE LIMITED SERVICE AM & PM; 9D EB W/ 5D AM & 4D PM, 40-90 MIN HDWYS; 6D WB W/ 3D AM & 3D PM W/2-2.75 HR HDWYS; 85-105 MIN Sonoma County Transit 116 40 Sonoma Valley-Petaluma HDWYS.

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks TRI DELTA TRANSIT (5 Routes) Tri Delta Transit 4 200 Bay Point / Tri Delta Antioch (Weekdays only)

Tri Delta Transit 4 300 Pittsburg BART / Brentwood (Weekdays only / commute hours) LOCALLY PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE IS eBART

Tri Delta Transit 4 391 Pittsburg BART / Brentwood Park & Ride (Weekdays only) LOCALLY PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE IS eBART Tri Delta Transit 4 393 Pittsburg BART / Hillcrest Park & Ride (Sat, Sun & Holidays only) WEEKEND SERVICE ONLY SPECIALIZED/LIMITED WEEKDAY COMMUTE PERIOD SERVICE: NB PM SERVICE BTW 4 & 5 W/ 2D & 60 MIN HDWY; SB AM SERVICE BWT 5:30 & 6:30 W/ 2D & 60 MIN HDWY; NO WKEND SERVICE, AVG WKDY RDRSHP 79 Tri Delta Transit 4 DX Lawrence Livermore Lab/Sandia Lab Delta Express PASSENGERS

VALLEJO TRANSIT (3 Routes) Vallejo Transit 80 80 Vallejo/El Cerrito Del Norte BART Vallejo Transit 80 90 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART Vallejo Transit 80 91 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART

VINE (1 Route) VINE 29 10 Vallejo-Napa-Calistoga

WESTCAT (4 Routes) WestCAT 123 11 Crockett/Rodeo WestCAT 4/80/123 30Z Martinez Link WestCAT 4/80/123 J Rodeo/Hercules/Pinole/Hilltop/El Cerrito Del Norte BART NO STOPS IN BETWEEN BART STATION AND WestCAT 80 JX Hercules Transit Center/El Cerrito Del Norte BART LIVERMORE

WHEELS (7 Routes) Wheels 84 11 Springtown via First Street / Civic Center SPECIALIZED SHUTTLE AMONG 3 BART Wheels 580/680 70 Prime Time Route 70 Walnut Creek STATIONS AND ONE EMPLOYER SPECIALIZED SHUTTLE BETWEEN 2 P-&-R Wheels 680 71 Prime Time Lockheed / Sunnyvale LOTS AND ONE EMPLOYER SPECIALIZED SHUTTLE BETWEEN 2 P-&-R Wheels 680 72 Prime Time Intel / Santa Clara LOTS AND ONE EMPLOYER Wheels 84 11L Granada / Livermore High School SCHOOL BUS ROUTE NO STOPS IN BETWEEN BART STATION AND LIVERMORE; SHUTTLE BETWEEN BART AND 1 Wheels 580 12X Livermore / BART Express EMPLOYER NO STOPS IN BETWEEN BART STATION AND LIVERMORE; SHUTTLE BETWEEN BART AND 1 Wheels 580 20X Vasco Road / Livermore Labs / BART EMPLOYER

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Appendix III – 105 Bus Routes with BRT-Like Service Characteristics

Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks AC TRANSIT (44 Routes) AC Transit 580 58X Downtown Oakland - MacArthur Blvd. Express AC Transit 13/24 64 Downtown Berkeley - Merritt College AC Transit 123 70 El Cerrito Del Norte BART - Richmond Parkway Transit Center CONSOLIDATE ALL "72-72M-72R" ROUTES AC Transit 123 72 Richmond - Downtown Oakland BTWN RICHMOND & OAKLAND INTO ONE AC Transit 123 72M Richmond - Downtown Oakland (Former Route 73) AC Transit 123 72R San Pablo Rapid Bus (Former Route 72L) AC Transit 580/80 80 San Leandro BART - Castro Valley AC Transit 185 82/82L West Oakland - Hayward BART AC Transit 80 90 Hayward BART - Hesperian Blvd. CONSOLIDATE ALL "B" ROUTES TO TRESTLE AC Transit 80 B San Francisco - Trestle Glen GLEN INTO ONE AC Transit 80 BX San Francisco - Trestle Glen AC Transit 80 C San Francisco - Piedmont AC Transit 80 CB San Francisco - Montclair AC Transit 580/80 E San Francisco - Claremont CONSOLIDATE ALL "F" ROUTES TO AC Transit 80 F San Francisco - Berkeley BERKELEY INTO ONE AC Transit 80 FS San Francisco - Berkeley AC Transit 80 G San Francisco - El Cerrito CONSOLIDATE ALL "H" ROUTES TO EL AC Transit 13/80 H San Francisco - El Cerrito CERRITO INTO ONE AC Transit 80 HX San Francisco - El Cerrito CONSOLIDATE ALL "K" ROUTES TO SAN AC Transit 80 K San Francisco - San Leandro LEANDRO IN TO ONE AC Transit 880/80 KH San Francisco - San Leandro CONSOLIDATE ALL "L" ROUTES TO EL AC Transit 123/80 L San Francisco - El Sobrante SOBRANTE INTO ONE AC Transit 80 LA San Francisco - LA Hilltop AC Transit 123/80 LB San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 123/80 LB1 San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 123/80 LC San Francisco - El Sobrante AC Transit 80 LD San Francisco - Richmond CONSOLIDATE ALL "N" ROUTES TO SAN AC Transit 80 N San Francisco - San Leandro LEANDRO INTO ONE AC Transit 80 NF San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NG San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 580/80 NH San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 80 NL San Francisco - San Leandro AC Transit 580/80 NV San Francisco - San Leandro CONSOLIDATE ALL "O" ROUTES TO ALAMEDA AC Transit 880/80 O San Francisco - Alameda INTO ONE AC Transit 880/80 OX San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 880/80 OX1 San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 580/80 RCV San Francisco - Castro Valley CONSOLIDATE ALL "S" ROUTES TO AC Transit 880/80 S San Francisco - Hayward HAYWARD INTO ONE AC Transit 880/80 SA San Francisco - Hayward AC Transit 880/80 SB San Francisco - Newark AC Transit 13/80 V San Francisco - Montclair CONSOLIDATE ALL "W" ROUTES TO AC Transit 880/80 W San Francisco - Alameda ALAMEDA INTO ONE AC Transit 880/80 WA San Francisco - Alameda AC Transit 80 Z San Francisco - Albany

COUNTY CONNECTION (6 Routes) County Connection 680 920 Walnut Creek/Danville/San Ramon ACE Shuttle County Connection 4 930 Kirker Pass Express COSOLIDATE ALL "BISHOP RANCH EXPRESS" County Connection 680 960B Bishop Ranch Express from Bollinger Canyon Road ROUTES INTO ONE County Connection 680 960C Bishop Ranch Express from Crow Canyon Road COSOLIDATE ALL "SAN RAMON COMMUTER County Connection 680 970B San Ramon Commuter Express from Bollinger Canyon Road EXPRESS" ROUTES INTO ONE County Connection 680 970C San Ramon Commuter Express from Crow Canyon Road

DUMBARTON EXPRESS (2 Routes) COSOLIDATE ALL "DUMBARTON EXPRESS" Dumbarton Express 84 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) ROUTES INTO ONE Dumbarton Express 84 DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto)

FAIRFIELD-SUISIN TRANSIT (2 Routes) Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 20 Fairfield / Vacaville Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 30 Fairfield / Vacaville / Dixon / UC Davis

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks GOLDEN GATE TRANSIT (18 Routes) Golden Gate Transit 101 2 Marin Headlands-Marin City-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 4 Mill Valley-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 10 Tiburon-Mill Valley-Sausalito-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 18 San Anselmo-College Of Marin-Corte Madera-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 20 Canal-San Anselmo-Corte Madera-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 21 C.O.M.-Mill Valley Golden Gate Transit 101 24 Lagunitas-Manor-San Anselmo-Greenbrae-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 26 Sleepy Hollow-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 38 Terra Linda-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 44 Lucas Valley-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 1/101 50 San Marin-Novato-San Rafael-Sausalito-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 54 San Marin-Novato Blvd.-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 56 San Marin-Rowland Park & Ride - San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 70 Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 72 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park Expressway-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 74 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park-Petaluma-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 76 Rohnert Park-East Petaluma-San Francisco Golden Gate Transit 101 80 Santa Rosa-Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco

SAMTRANS (13 Routes) SamTrans 1 17 Coast Shuttle (Moss Beach - Half Moon Bay) SamTrans 1 110 Linda Mar - Daly City BART SamTrans 1 112 Linda Mar-Serramonte-Colma BART SamTrans 1/92 294 Pacifica - Half Moon Bay - Hillsdale Caltrain SamTrans 82 390 Palo Alto - Redwood City - Daly City BART COSOLIDATE "390-991" ROUTES INTO ONE SamTrans 82 391 Redwood City - Colma BART - San Francisco SamTrans 1 CX Linda Mar - Colma BART COSOLIDATE ALL "DUMBARTON EXPRESS" SamTrans 82 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) ROUTES INTO ONE SamTrans 1/280 DX Pacifica-San Francisco SamTrans 101 FX Foster City - San Francisco Express SamTrans 101/82 KX Palo Alto - SFO - San Francisco SamTrans 101/82/380 MX San Mateo - San Francisco SamTrans 101/82 PX Redwood City-San Francisco

SAN FRANCISCO MUNI (2 Routes) San Francisco Muni 280 14X Mission Limited / Express San Francisco Muni 101 9X 9X San Bruno Express

SANTA CLARA VTA (7 Routes) Santa Clara VTA 82 22 Eastridge - Palo Alto/Menlo Park Santa Clara VTA 680 140 Fremont BART - Sunnyvale Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 880/680 180 Fremont BART - San Jose Caltrain Santa Clara VTA 82 300 East San Jose - Palo Alto Caltrain COSOLIDATE ALL "DUMBARTON EXPRESS" Santa Clara VTA 82 DB Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) ROUTES INTO ONE Santa Clara VTA 101 DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) Santa Clara VTA 17/280 HWY17 Highway 17 Express (Santa Cruz - San Jose)

SONOMA COUNTY TRANSIT (2 Routes) Sonoma County Transit 12/116 20 Occidental-Monte Rio-Santa Rosa Sonoma County Transit 12 30 Santa Rosa-Sonoma Valley

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Remarks TRI DELTA TRANSIT (1 Route) Tri Delta Transit 4 200 Bay Point / Tri Delta Antioch (Weekdays only)

VALLEJO TRANSIT (3 Routes) Vallejo Transit 80 80 Vallejo/El Cerrito Del Norte BART Vallejo Transit 80 90 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART COSOLIDATE "90-91" ROUTES INTO ONE Vallejo Transit 80 91 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART

VINE (1 Route) VINE 29 10 Vallejo-Napa-Calistoga

WESTCAT (3 Routes) WestCAT 123 11 Crockett/Rodeo WestCAT 4/80/123 30Z Martinez Link WestCAT 4/80/123 J Rodeo/Hercules/Pinole/Hilltop/El Cerrito Del Norte BART

WHEELS (1 Route) Wheels 84 11 Springtown via First Street / Civic Center

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Appendix IV – 78 Bus Routes Representing Distinct Services

Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Avg. Weekday Ridership AC TRANSIT (25 Routes) AC Transit 580 58X Downtown Oakland - MacArthur Blvd. Express 300 AC Transit 13/24 64 Downtown Berkeley - Merritt College 1,069 AC Transit 123 70 El Cerrito Del Norte BART - Richmond Parkway Transit Center 818 AC Transit 123 72-72M-72R Richmond - Downtown Oakland 15,513 AC Transit 580/80 80 San Leandro BART - Castro Valley 1,041 AC Transit 185 82/82L West Oakland - Hayward BART 22,481 AC Transit 80 90 Hayward BART - Hesperian Blvd. 664 AC Transit 80 B-BX San Francisco - Trestle Glen 200 AC Transit 80 C San Francisco - Piedmont 321 AC Transit 80 CB San Francisco - Montclair 154 AC Transit 580/80 E San Francisco - Claremont 252 AC Transit 80 F-FS San Francisco - Berkeley 949 AC Transit 80 G San Francisco - El Cerrito 421 AC Transit 13/80 H-HX San Francisco - El Cerrito 478 AC Transit 880/80 K-KH San Francisco - San Leandro 297 AC Transit 123/80 L-LA-LB-LB1-LC San Francisco - El Sobrante 1,064 AC Transit 80 LD San Francisco - Richmond 164 AC Transit 80/580 N-NF-NG-NH-NL-NV San Francisco - San Leandro 2,489 AC Transit 880/80 O-OX-OX1 San Francisco - Alameda 1,968 AC Transit 580/80 RCV San Francisco - Castro Valley 259 AC Transit 880/80 S-SA San Francisco - Hayward 423 AC Transit 880/80 SB San Francisco - Newark 370 AC Transit 13/80 V San Francisco - Montclair 713 AC Transit 880/80 W-WA San Francisco - Alameda 507 AC Transit 80 Z San Francisco - Albany 126

COUNTY CONNECTION (4 Routes) County Connection 680 920 Walnut Creek/Danville/San Ramon ACE Shuttle 94 County Connection 4 930 Kirker Pass Express 216 County Connection 680 960B/C Bishop Ranch Express 559 County Connection 680 970B/C San Ramon Commuter Express 162

DUMBARTON EXPRESS (1 Route) Dumbarton Express 84 DB-DB1 Dumbarton Express (Union City BART - Palo Alto) 921

FAIRFIELD-SUISIN TRANSIT (2 Routes) Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 20 Fairfield / Vacaville 196 Fairfield-Suisun Transit 80 30 Fairfield / Vacaville / Dixon / UC Davis 60

GOLDEN GATE TRANSIT (18 Routes) Golden Gate Transit 101 2 Marin Headlands-Marin City-San Francisco 378 Golden Gate Transit 101 4 Mill Valley-San Francisco 1,485 Golden Gate Transit 101 10 Tiburon-Mill Valley-Sausalito-San Francisco 1,027 Golden Gate Transit 101 18 San Anselmo-College Of Marin-Corte Madera-San Francisco 550 Golden Gate Transit 101 20 Canal-San Anselmo-Corte Madera-San Francisco 3,757 Golden Gate Transit 101 21 C.O.M.-Mill Valley 191 Golden Gate Transit 101 24 Lagunitas-Manor-San Anselmo-Greenbrae-San Francisco 819 Golden Gate Transit 101 26 Sleepy Hollow-San Rafael-San Francisco 399 Golden Gate Transit 101 38 Terra Linda-San Francisco 352 Golden Gate Transit 101 44 Lucas Valley-San Francisco 184 Golden Gate Transit 1/101 50 San Marin-Novato-San Rafael-Sausalito-San Francisco 3,658 Golden Gate Transit 101 54 San Marin-Novato Blvd.-San Francisco 920 Golden Gate Transit 101 56 San Marin-Rowland Park & Ride - San Francisco 430 Golden Gate Transit 101 70 Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco 1,117 Golden Gate Transit 101 72 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park Expressway-San Francisco 640 Golden Gate Transit 101 74 Santa Rosa-Rohnert Park-Petaluma-San Francisco 821 Golden Gate Transit 101 76 Rohnert Park-East Petaluma-San Francisco 570 Golden Gate Transit 101 80 Santa Rosa-Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco 3,212

SAMTRANS (11 Routes) SamTrans 1 17 Coast Shuttle (Moss Beach - Half Moon Bay) 193 SamTrans 1 110 Linda Mar - Daly City BART 1,179 SamTrans 1 112 Linda Mar-Serramonte-Colma BART 707 SamTrans 1/92 294 Pacifica - Half Moon Bay - Hillsdale Caltrain 413 SamTrans 82 390-391 Palo Alto - San Francisco 13,224 SamTrans 1 CX Linda Mar - Colma BART 261 SamTrans 1/280 DX Pacifica-San Francisco 316 SamTrans 101 FX Foster City - San Francisco Express 424 SamTrans 101/82 KX Palo Alto - SFO - San Francisco 2,406 SamTrans 101/82/380 MX San Mateo - San Francisco 188 SamTrans 101/82 PX Redwood City-San Francisco 229

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Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Avg. Weekday Ridership SAN FRANCISCO MUNI (2 Routes) San Francisco Muni 280 14X Mission Limited / Express 2,358 San Francisco Muni 101 9X 9X San Bruno Express 8,340

SANTA CLARA VTA (5 Routes) Santa Clara VTA 82 22 Eastridge - Palo Alto/Menlo Park 20,000 Santa Clara VTA 680 140 Fremont BART - Sunnyvale Caltrain 169 Santa Clara VTA 880/680 180 Fremont BART - San Jose Caltrain 2,000 Santa Clara VTA 82 300 East San Jose - Palo Alto Caltrain 2,871 Santa Clara VTA 17/280 HWY17 Highway 17 Express (Santa Cruz - San Jose) 616

SONOMA COUNTY TRANSIT (2 Routes) Sonoma County Transit 12/116 20 Occidental-Monte Rio-Santa Rosa 450 Sonoma County Transit 12 30 Santa Rosa-Sonoma Valley 450

TRI DELTA TRANSIT (1 Route) Tri Delta Transit 4 200 Bay Point / Tri Delta Antioch (Weekdays only) 141

VALLEJO TRANSIT (2 Routes) Vallejo Transit 80 80 Vallejo/El Cerrito Del Norte BART 1,400 Vallejo Transit 80 90-91 Vacaville - Suisun/Fairfield to BART 544

VINE (1 Route) VINE 29 10 Vallejo-Napa-Calistoga 750

WESTCAT (3 Routes) WestCAT 123 11 Crockett/Rodeo 305 WestCAT 4/80/123 30Z Martinez Link 176 WestCAT 4/80/123 J Rodeo/Hercules/Pinole/Hilltop/El Cerrito Del Norte BART 1,570

WHEELS (1 Route) Wheels 84 11 Springtown via First Street / Civic Center 278

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Appendix V – 23 Bus Routes With Average Weekday Ridership > 1,000 Passengers

Transit Agency SR BR Route Description Avg. Weekday Ridership AC TRANSIT (7 Routes) AC Transit 13/24 64 Downtown Berkeley - Merritt College 1,069 AC Transit 123 72-72M-72R Richmond - Downtown Oakland 15,513 AC Transit 580/80 80 San Leandro BART - Castro Valley 1,041 AC Transit 185 82/82L West Oakland - Hayward BART 22,481 AC Transit 123/80 L-LA-LB-LB1-LC San Francisco - El Sobrante 1,064 AC Transit 80/580 N-NF-NG-NH-NL-NV San Francisco - San Leandro 2,489 AC Transit 880/80 O-OX-OX1 San Francisco - Alameda 1,968

GOLDEN GATE TRANSIT (6 Routes) Golden Gate Transit 101 4 Mill Valley-San Francisco 1,485 Golden Gate Transit 101 10 Tiburon-Mill Valley-Sausalito-San Francisco 1,027 Golden Gate Transit 101 20 Canal-San Anselmo-Corte Madera-San Francisco 3,757 Golden Gate Transit 1/101 50 San Marin-Novato-San Rafael-Sausalito-San Francisco 3,658 Golden Gate Transit 101 70 Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco 1,117 Golden Gate Transit 101 80 Santa Rosa-Novato-San Rafael-San Francisco 3,212

SAMTRANS (3 Routes) SamTrans 1 110 Linda Mar - Daly City BART 1,179 SamTrans 82 390-391 Palo Alto - San Francisco 13,224 SamTrans 101/82 KX Palo Alto - SFO - San Francisco 2,406

SAN FRANCISCO MUNI (2 Routes) San Francisco Muni 280 14X Mission Limited / Express 2,358 San Francisco Muni 101 9X 9X San Bruno Express 8,340

SANTA CLARA VTA (3 Routes) Santa Clara VTA 82 22 Eastridge - Palo Alto/Menlo Park 20,000 Santa Clara VTA 880/680 180 Fremont BART - San Jose Caltrain 2,000 Santa Clara VTA 82 300 East San Jose - Palo Alto Caltrain 2,871

VALLEJO TRANSIT (1 Route) Vallejo Transit 80 80 Vallejo/El Cerrito Del Norte BART 1,400

WESTCAT (1 Route) WestCAT 4/80/123 J Rodeo/Hercules/Pinole/Hilltop/El Cerrito Del Norte BART 1,570

37