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OCCASIO I AL PAPER O. 36 RECORDS of the ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY of INDIA
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION OCCASIO I AL PAPER o. 36 RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 36 A SURVEY OF THE CAUVERY RIVER SYSTEM WITH A MAJOR ACCOUNT OF ITS FISH FAUNA BY K. C. Jayaram Zoological Survey C!! India, Oalcutta-700 016 AND T~ Venkateswarlu" M. B. Ragunathan S.kern Regional Station, Zoological Survey of India, Madras 600 028 Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey. of India 1982 ® Copyright 1982, Government of India Published in August, 1982 PRICE: 1 nlana : Rs. 4~.OO Foreign : £ 6.00 $ 9,50 PRINTED ~N INDIA BY THB BANI PRESS, 16 HBMENDRA SBN STRBBT, CALCUTTA-700 006 AND PUBLISHED BY THB DIRBCTOR, ZOOLOGICAL SURVBY OP INDIA, CALCUTTA. RECORDS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA Miscellaneous Publication Occasional Paper No. 36 1982 Pages 1-115 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 1 WORK PROGRAMME ... 1 AUTHORSHIP ASSIGNMENTS 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 THE CAUVERY RIVER 3 CLIMATE AND VEGETATION 5 TRIBUTARIES 5 COLLECTING STATIONS WITH ECOLOGICAL NOTES 7 MARGINAL AND AQUATIC BIOTA 18 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF CAUVERY FISHES 20 SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT ••• 28 DISCUSSION 107 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 110 REFERENCES • • . , •• 112 INTRODUCTION Cauvery, Krishna and Godavary rivers constitute the major three ,1.er systems in South India. Geologically they are much older than die Oanga, Indus and Brahmaputra rivers of Northen India. The eco nomic prosperity of the southern states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu Kerala and Karnataka is closely intertwined with the water-supply and potentialities of these three rivers. Since historical times their. waters have been extensively utilised for agriculture, fisheries, irrigation and tllYigation purposes. -
Chapter5 Analysis of Alternatives (CEA15.Pdf)
Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project Consolidated EA Report CHAPTER - 5 AN ALYSIS O F ALTERN ATIVES This chapter presents a co mparative analysis of various alternatives considered to avoid or minimise impacts that would be inevitable if technically (based on design speed and geometrics) best-fit alignment is f ollowed. Cross-sections adopted for the upgradation component as presented in Chapter -1 are flexible in design to avoid most of the impacts within RoW. An analysis of various alternatives is attempted to arrive at the technically and environmentally best-fit alternative. There are large settlements as seen in the baseline environmental scenario along the corridors, where there is constricted RoW and traffic is higher leading to congestion, delay as well as various environmental impacts. Such locations are identified for bypassing the through traffic. Several alternatives are analyzed for avoiding localized environmental impacts & arriving at the best-fit alignment. Screening procedure for road links & alignments are presented in the following sections. 5.1 SCREEN IN G OF STUDY ROADS At feasibility stage of the project, 24 corridors ( Figure. 5.1) were screened for their environmental and social impacts using screening methodology involving the following steps: i. Determining evaluation criteria f o r screening ii. Weighting the evaluation criteria iii. Evolving evaluation matrix by screening all corridors f or the identified criteria and iv. Ranking corridors in descending order of sensitivity The evaluation criteria co nsidered are under three sensitive issues as construction issues, social issues and ecological issues. The scoring system f or the screening is given in Table 5.1. -
College of William and Mary Department of Economics Working Paper Number 137
The Labor/Land Ratio and India’s Caste System Harriet Orcutt Duleep (Thomas Jefferson Program in Public Policy, College of William and Mary and IZA- Institute for the Study of Labor) College of William and Mary Department of Economics Working Paper Number 137 March 2013 COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER # 137 March 2013 The Labor/Land Ratio and India’s Caste System Abstract This paper proposes that India’s caste system and involuntary labor were joint responses by a nonworking landowning class to a low labor/land ratio in which the rules of the caste system supported the institution of involuntary labor. The hypothesis is tested in two ways: longitudinally, with data from ancient religious texts, and cross-sectionally, with twentieth-century statistics on regional population/land ratios linked to anthropological measures of caste-system rigidity. Both the longitudinal and cross-sectional evidence suggest that the labor/land ratio affected the caste system’s development, persistence, and rigidity over time and across regions of India. JEL Codes: J47, J1, J30, N3, Z13 Keywords: labor-to-land ratio, population, involuntary labor, immobility, value of life, marginal product of labor, market wage Harriet Duleep Thomas Jefferson Program in Public Policy College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 [email protected] The Labor/Land Ratio and India’s Caste System I. Background Several scholars have observed that, historically, the caste system was more rigid in south India than in other parts of India. In the 1930’s, Gunther (1939, p. 378) described south India as the “...home of Hinduism in its most intensive form...virtually a disease... -
Unit 1 Reconstructing Ancient Society with Special
Harappan Civilisation and UNIT 1 RECONSTRUCTING ANCIENT Other Chalcolithic SOCIETY WITH SPECIAL Cultures REFERENCE TO SOURCES Structure 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Sources 1.1.1 Epigraphy 1.1.2 Numismatics 1.1.3 Archaeology 1.1.4 Literature 1.2 Interpretation 1.3 The Ancient Society: Anthropological Readings 1.4 Nature of Archaeology 1.5 Textual Sources 1.6 Summary 1.7 Glossary 1.8 Exercises 1.0 INTRODUCTION The primary objective of this unit is to acquaint the learner with the interpretations of the sources that reveal the nature of the ancient society. We therefore need to define the meaning of the term ‘ancient society’ to begin with and then move on to define a loose chronology in the context of the sources and their readings. It would also be useful to have an understanding about the various readings of the sources, a kind of a historiography of the interpretative regime. In order to facilitate a better understanding this unit is divided into five sections. In the introduction we have discussed the range of interpretations that are deployed on the sources and often the sources also become interpretative in nature. The complexity of the sources has also been dealt with in the same context. The new section then discusses the ancient society and what it means. This discussion is spread across the regions and the varying sources that range from archaeology to oral traditions. The last section then gives some concluding remarks. 1.1 SOURCES Here we introduce you to different kinds of sources that help us reconstruct the social structure. -
ANCIENT INDIA All Bights Reserved ANCIENT INDIA
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Date ANCIENT INDIA All Bights reserved ANCIENT INDIA BY S. KRISHNASWAMI AIYANGAE, M.A. Member of the Royal Asiatic Society of Oreal Britain and Ireland Fellow of the Roijal Bistorical Society, London. Member ol the Board of Studies, and Examiner in History and Economics. Vnirersity of Madras Mysore Education Serria: WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY VINCENT A. SMITH, M.A., I.C.S. (retired) ' Author of the ' Early History of India LONDON: LUZAC & Co., IC great kussell isteeet MADEAS: S.P.C.K. DEPOSITORY, VEPBEY 1911 1)5 4-04- /\fl 6 ^,©XKg^ PRINTED AT THE :. PKESS, VEPBKY, MADRAS 1911 "^QXYS^ ) INSCRIBED TO THE :ME:M0RY OP JOHN WEIE [Inspector-General op Education in JIybore] ( November 1, 1909—July 31, 1911 Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924022968840 PEEFACE The first chapter deals with the early portion of Indian History, and so the title ' Ancient India ' has been given to the book. The other chapters deal with a variety ot subjects, and are based on lectures given on different occa- sions. One was originally prepared as my thesis for the M.A. Degree Examination of the University of Madras. The favourable reception given to my early work by historical and oriental scholars encouraged me to put my researches into a more permanent form, which a liberal grant from the Madras School Book and Literature Society has enabled me to do. -
Jagadguru Sri Jayendra Saraswathi Swamiji an Offering
JAGADGURU SRI JAYENDRA SARASWATHI SWAMIJI AN OFFERING ॎश्रीगु셁भ्योनमः P.R.KANNAN,M.Tech. Navi Mumbai Released during the SAHASRADINA SATHABHISHEKAMCELEBRATIONS of Jagadguru Sri JAYENDRA SARASWATHI SWAMIJI Sankaracharya of Moolamnaya Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham Kanchipuram August 2016 Page 2 of 152 भक्तिर्ज्ञानंक्तिनीक्ततःशमदमसक्तितंमञनसंतुक्तियुिं प्रर्ज्ञक्तिेक्ततसिंशुभगुणक्तिभिञऐक्तिकञमुक्तममकञश्च। प्रञप्ञःश्रीकञमकोटीमठ-क्तिमलगुरोयास्यपञदञर्ानञन्मे तस्यश्रीपञदपेभितुकृक्ततररयंपुमपमञलञसमञनञ॥ May this garland of flowers adorn the lotus feet of the ever-pure Guru of Sri Kamakoti Matham, whose worship has bestowed on me devotion, supreme experience, humility, control of sense organs and thought, contented mind, awareness, knowledge and all glorious and auspicious qualities for life here and hereafter. Acknowledgements: This compilation derives information from many sources including, chiefly „Kanchi Kosh‟ published on 31st March 2004 by Kanchi Kamakoti Jagadguru Sri Jayendra Saraswati Swamiji Peetarohana Swarna Jayanti Mahotsav Trust, „Sri Jayendra Vijayam‟ (in Tamil) – parts 1 and 2 by Sri M.Jaya Senthilnathan, published by Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham, and „Jayendra Vani‟ – Vol. I and II published in 2003 by Kanchi Kamakoti Jagadguru Sri Jayendra Saraswati Swamiji Peetarohana Swarna Jayanti Mahotsav Trust. The author expresses his gratitude for all the assistance obtained in putting together this compilation. Author: P.R. Kannan, M.Tech., Navi Mumbai. Mob: 9860750020; email: [email protected] Page 3 of 152 P.R.Kannan of Navi Mumbai, our Srimatham‟s very dear disciple, has been rendering valuable service by translating many books from Itihasas, Puranas and Smritis into Tamil and English as instructed by Sri Acharya Swamiji and publishing them in Internet and many spiritual magazines. -
Tamil-Nadu-Index1.Pdf
INDEX 1. Sangam Age 1 2. Cultural Heritage of Tamil Nadu 8 3. The Pallavas 18 4. The Cholas 25 5. The Pandyas 34 6. Vijayanagara Rule 38 7. The Nayak Rule in Tamil Country 45 8. The Rule of the Marathas of Thanjavur (A.D. 50 1676-A.D.1856) 9. Role of Tamil Nadu in Freedom War 53 10. Dravidan Movements in T.N 62 11. Role of Tamil Nadu in the Freedom Movement 68 12. Freedom Fighter in T.N. 73 13. Political Parties and their schemes in T.N. After 82 Independence 14. List of Administrators of T.N. 90 VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE The Cholas The Cholas The Cholas were an antique ruling family. References to the Cholas are made in the Mahabharata, the inscriptions of Asoka and the works of Megasthenese and Ptolemy. During the Sangam Age, the Cholas ruled Tiruchi and Tanjore region. Their capital was Uraiyur. Tiger was their emblem. Their greatest ruler Karikala built Kallanai across the river Cauvery near Trichy. The Chola rule declined as they became feudatories of the rulers of Uraiyur. www.vetriias.com 25 VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE TAMILNADU HISTORY Later Cholas or Imperial Cholas The Cholas who emerged to power in the middle of the ninth century were known as later Cholas or Imperial Cholas. They were called as Imperial Cholas. They were called as Imperial Cholas because their kingdom extended to a major portion of south India, Srilanka and Kadaram (including Sumatra and Malaya). Vijayalaya (850-871 A.D) laid the foundaiton for the rise of later Cholas. -
Review of Research Impact Factor : 5.7631(Uif) Ugc Approved Journal No
Review Of ReseaRch impact factOR : 5.7631(Uif) UGc appROved JOURnal nO. 48514 issn: 2249-894X vOlUme - 8 | issUe - 1 | OctObeR - 2018 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CHRONOLOGY GLEANED FROM INSCRIPTIONS OF PUDUKKOTTAI Dr. M. Gayathri Devi Assistant Professor in History, PG & Research Department of History, Government Arts College for Women (A), Pudukkottai. ABSTRACT Pudukkottai Samasthanam administration took a remarkable effort in collecting, copying, deciphering and publishing almost all the inscriptions found under his regime. In this effort totally 1130 records are published in the year 1929 by then Samasthana government. It is a commendable work no other Samasthanas in India have done such a wonderful job. Not only publishing these records with full text but also preparing a gist of them and published them in a chronological order with English notes in the same year 1929. It is very useful for the beginners of Archaeology, Epigraphy and historical studies. KEY WORDS : chronological , Archaeology, Epigraphy and historical studies. INTROCUDTION Among the above mentioned 1130 inscriptions the first 14 records are dated from 1st CCE to (Brahmi) 9th century CE displaying minor dynasties such as Mutharaiyas and Irukkuvels. Two grantha inscriptions regarding Music and Veena found on the rocks of Kudumiyanmalai, copy of them at Thirumayam and Malaiya kovil are very important music treatises nowhere in India found such a record.i. The next five records (IPS 15 to 19) belong to Pallava dynasty rules particularly Nanthivarman II, Danthivarman and Nirupatunga Varman dated from 8th to 9 century CE2.ii. Among these five one Kudrandar Kovil record furnishes the provisions made for feeding of 100 Brahmins during Arudra day. -
Dikshitar Parampara (Part 1)
VEDAVALLI SPEAKS Sangita Kalanidhi R. Vedavalli is not only one of the most accomplished of our vocalists, she is also among the foremost thinkers of Carnatic music today with a mind as insightful and uncluttered as her music. Sruti is delighted to share her thoughts on a variety of topics with its readers. Dikshitar parampara (Part 1) n musical parlance the name ‘Dikshitar’ instantly brings to our mind the illustrious saint-composer Muthuswami Dikshitar who, as a pioneer Icomposer, musician and poet in the field of Carnatic music, remains unparalleled even today. The literary beauty and depth of content in perfect proportion with the subtleties and aesthetics of our music are the hallmarks of his compositions. A striking thing about Dikshitar is the glorious parampara or lineage associated with him. His father, Ramaswami Dikshitar, and brothers Chinnaswami and Baluswami were all accomplished musicians and composers. And Subbarama Dikshitar, a grandson (and adopted son) of Baluswami Dikshitar, inherited the musical prowess of his father, paternal uncle and grandfather, and made an indelible mark in the world of music with his monumental work, Sangeeta Sampradaya Pradarsini. This parampara is unique in that it is a combination of ‘vamsa parampara’ or family lineage and ‘sishya parampara’ or lineage of disciples. Such a glorious lineage, spanning over three generations with each member equally proficient and knowledgeable is a very rare occurrence. This article is an attempt to bring out more information on this great lineage, with emphasis on the life and works of the Dikshitars other than Muthuswami Dikshitar. Ramaswami Dikshitar was born in 1735 AD. -
121 the Chola Architecture
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ZENODO International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Humanities (IJIRAH) Impact Factor: 4.675, ISSN (Online): 2456 - 3145 (www.dvpublication.com) Volume 2, Issue 2, 2017 THE CHOLA ARCHITECTURE: A DRAVIDAN STYLE GLEAND FROM KAILASANATHA TEMPLE AT SEMBIANMAHADEVI R. Vennila* & Dr. A. Srinivasan** * Ph.D Research Scholar, A.V.C College (Autonomous), Mannampandal, Mayiladuthurai, Tamilnadu ** Associate Professor and Head, Department of History, A.V.C College (Autonomous), Mannampandal, Mayiladuthurai, Tamilnadu Cite This Article: R. Vennila & Dr. A. Srinivasan, “The Chola Architecture: A Dravidan Style Gleand from Kailasanatha Temple at Sembianmahadevi”, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Humanities, Volume 2, Issue 2, Page Number 121-124, 2017. Abstract: Architecture plays a significant role in the socio economic, and cultural life of any society. It helps us trace the historical changes and the reciprocal influence between different socio cultural units. In this context, the temples of medieval Tamil Nadu deserve special consideration because the interrelationship of the styles of their constructing and the changes introduced by the various ruling dynasties of the Tamil country in the growth and development the temple art and architecture in that region. Temple architecture in Tamil Nadu is largely indebted to the patronage of the Tamil kings. Generally, those who want to see the different types and their locations should necessarily have acknowledge of the political history and the chronology of temple art in Tamil Nadu. Generally, the characteristic features of the Chola architecture show that it was continued from the past. -
Being Brahmin, Being Modern
Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 Being Brahmin, Being Modern Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 ii (Blank) Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 Being Brahmin, Being Modern Exploring the Lives of Caste Today Ramesh Bairy T. S. Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 First published 2010 by Routledge 912–915 Tolstoy House, 15–17 Tolstoy Marg, New Delhi 110 001 Simultaneously published in UK by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Transferred to Digital Printing 2010 © 2010 Ramesh Bairy T. S. Typeset by Bukprint India B-180A, Guru Nanak Pura, Laxmi Nagar Delhi 110 092 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-0-415-58576-7 Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 For my parents, Smt. Lakshmi S. Bairi and Sri. T. Subbaraya Bairi. And, University of Hyderabad. Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 vi (Blank) Downloaded by [University of Defence] at 01:12 24 May 2016 Contents Acknowledgements ix Chapter 1 Introduction: Seeking a Foothold -
2021 Daily Prayer Guide for All People Groups & LR-Unreached People Groups = LR-Upgs
2021 Daily Prayer Guide for all People Groups & LR-Unreached People Groups = LR-UPGs - of INDIA Source: Joshua Project data, www.joshuaproject.net Western edition To order prayer resources or for inquiries, contact email: [email protected] I give credit & thanks to Create International for permission to use their PG photos. 2021 Daily Prayer Guide for all People Groups & LR-UPGs = Least-Reached-Unreached People Groups of India INDIA SUMMARY: 2,717 total People Groups; 2,445 LR-UPG India has 1/3 of all UPGs in the world; the most of any country LR-UPG definition: 2% or less Evangelical & 5% or less Christian Frontier (FR) definition: 0% to 0.1% Christian Why pray--God loves lost: world UPGs = 7,407; Frontier = 5,042. Color code: green = begin new area; blue = begin new country Downloaded from www.joshuaproject.net in September 2020 * * * "Prayer is not the only thing we can can do, but it is the most important thing we can do!" * * * India ISO codes are used for some Indian states as follows: AN = Andeman & Nicobar. JH = Jharkhand OD = Odisha AP = Andhra Pradesh+Telangana JK = Jammu & Kashmir PB = Punjab AR = Arunachal Pradesh KA = Karnataka RJ = Rajasthan AS = Assam KL = Kerala SK = Sikkim BR = Bihar ML = Meghalaya TN = Tamil Nadu CT = Chhattisgarh MH = Maharashtra TR = Tripura DL = Delhi MN = Manipur UT = Uttarakhand GJ = Gujarat MP = Madhya Pradesh UP = Uttar Pradesh HP = Himachal Pradesh MZ = Mizoram WB = West Bengal HR = Haryana NL = Nagaland Why Should We Pray For Unreached People Groups? * Missions & salvation of all people is God's plan, God's will, God's heart, God's dream, Gen.