A Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) Assessment Report
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A Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Assessment Report 89 & 97 Waterloo Road, Macquarie Park March 2017 Contents ................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 2 What is a CPTED? ........................................................................................................................................... 4 3 CPTED Principles ............................................................................................................................................ 4 3.1 Natural Surveillance .................................................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Access Control ............................................................................................................................................ 4 3.3 Ownership ................................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Assessment ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 1 Introduction This CPTED Assessment Report accompanies a DA application for proposed development at 85 & 97 Waterloo Road, Macquarie Park. The DA application seeks approval for four (4) buildings, including: Concept approval for 85 & 97 Waterloo Road, including concept approval for three buildings on 85 Waterloo Road; Stage 1 construction approval (97 Waterloo Road) for a 11-13 storey commercial office building with a GFA of 15,932. The Stage 1 approval also includes a proposed new road running to the north of the proposed Stage 1 building (refer to Figure 1 below). Stage 1 Building (97 Waterloo Rd) Concept Approval (85 Waterloo Rd) Figure 1 - 85 & 97 Waterloo Road development This CPTED Report focuses on the Stage 1 development (97 Waterloo Road). Separate CPTED assessment will be prepared for the three concept buildings on 85 Waterloo Road at building DA stage. 2 What is a CPTED? CPTED is a theory that the way we design our environment (i.e, residences, commercial areas, car parks and open spaces) can have an impact on crime. CPTED argues that criminals make rational choices about their targets and generally: the greater the risk of being seen, challenged or caught, the less likely they are to commit a crime; the greater the effort required, the less likely they are to commit a crime; and the lesser the actual or perceived reward, the less likely they are to commit a crime. The CPTED method presents a range of strategies to allow design professionals to play active and essential roles in local crime prevention. Buildings and spaces can be designed to manage the environment to ensure: there is more chance of being seen, challenged or caught; greater effort is required to commit crime; perceived rewards are less; and opportunities for criminal activity are reduced. CPTED is, in addition to designing to prevent crime, designing space which makes people feel safe. This can be achieved through removal of blind corners and potential places to hide. Increasing the actual or perceived safety of space may lead to increased patronage, particularly after hours, resulting in ultimate community benefit. 3 CPTED Principles The three principles central to Crime Prevention through Environmental Design are: 3.1 Natural Surveillance Criminals usually do not want to be seen. Placing physical features, activities and people in ways that maximise exposure and activation of spaces therefore discourages crime. For example, placing kiosks and cafes in parks stimulates natural surveillance by park users. Barriers, such as sheds, alleyways and bushes on the other hand can make it difficult to observe activity. 3.2 Access Control Access can be restricted by physical barriers such as fences, doorways, bollards and landscaping or by security hardware such as gates, locks, alarms and chains. Human measures can also be implemented, such as security guards. All these methods aim to restrict access increases the effort required to commit a crime. 3.3 Ownership People usually protect territory that they feel is theirs and have tend to have respect for the territory of others (not public). Good maintenance, landscaping, fences, art, fencing and signs are some physical ways to express ownership. Identifying intruders is much easier in well-defined spaces. An area that looks protected gives the impression that greater effort is required to commit a crime. A cared for environment can also reduce fear of crime. Figure 2 - North West facade of Stage 1 building South West façade of Stage 1 building 4 Assessment The following tables contain the performance criteria, design requirements, purpose/ explanation, and an assessment of the Stage 1 building: Table 2.1 examines the overall project Table 2.2 looks at the car parking areas specifically The table provides an assessment of how the CPTED principles have been considered and adopted into the design of the proposal. As is demonstrated in the table, the proposal provides reduced scope for criminal activities through it’s clean lines, reduced hidden corners, effective lighting, glazed facades which stimulate natural surveillance. The strict maintenance regime of all Goodman owned properties will be adopted in the ongoing maintenance of the facility will ensure vandalism and graffiti is reduced. The high maintenance standards will also hopefully stimulate pride and sense of ownership in the building and surrounding space, which may reduce vandalism and other similar antisocial crimes. Table 2.1 Overall Development Performance Design Purpose/ Explanation Assessment of Criteria Requirements/ Compliance Suggestions A. Avoid Blind Corners Avoid blind comers Pathways should be “Blind corners” or The Stage 1 building in ' pathways, direct. All barriers concealed areas make is rectangular in stairwells, hallways along pathways people feel uneasy and shape, with street and car parks. should be permeable unsafe. Not knowing frontages along the (see through) “what is around the north and western including landscaping next corner” can sides of the building. fencing etc. discourage genuine Pedestrian pathways Consider the users of a space to use along the roads will be installation of mirrors and maximise it. direct lines without to allow users to see blind corners, with ahead of them and street lighting around corners. incorporated. The Install glass panels in ground and lower stairwells where ground floors of the appropriate. fencing building will include etc. glazing to provide Consider the natural surveillance. installation of mirrors to allow Landscaping along the users to see ahead street frontages will of them and around be of low form shrub corners. planting to reduce Install glass panels in opportunity for hiding. stairwells where appropriate. fencing Public access to the etc. rear of the building Consider the (south and eastern installation of boundary) will be mirrors to allow limited to reduce any users to see ahead is of the building is of them and around reduced. corners. Install glass panels in The southern and stairwells where eastern boundary of appropriate. the building are characterised by semi private landscape space, which will reduce loitering. are no dead ends to internal corridors. B. Communal/ Public Areas Provide Position active users In this instance, Significant glazing natural or habitable rooms natural surveillance is utilised in the surveillance with windows serves two main design of the for communal adjacent to main purposes. building facades. and public communal/public Makes legitimate users This creates areas. areas (e.g. of a space feel safe as natural playgrounds, they “are not alone” in surveillance from swimming pools, a secluded area. There the building out gardens, car parks). is always the potential to street, out Communal areas and for someone to “help” if towards and utilities (e.g. there are any problems. pedestrian laundries and Deters illegitimate users pathways. garbage bays) as their presence in an should be easily misuse of the space will Café space in the seen. Where be rapidly noticed. south east corner elevators or of the building stairwells are will stimulate provided, open style natural or transparent surveillance of materials are the surrounding encouraged on doors space. and/or walls of elevators/stairwells. At night the Waiting areas and building’s entries to elevators/ internal lighting, stairwells should be and the lighting close to areas of in the landscape active uses, and increases should be visible natural from the building surveillance to entry. deter crime. C. Entry Points Seating should be located in areas Provide Entrances should Prominent The building’s of active uses. entries which be at prominent entrances allow: primary entrance are clearly positions. Natural surveillance on the northern visible. from street. façade is in a Design entrances highly prominent to allow users to Users to feel safe and location. see in before to easily access the entering. area. The front doors are glass so users Emergency services can see into and to access the outside from the property rapidly building. Performanc Design Purpose/ Explanation