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North Carolina School Library Handbook

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North Carolina School Library Handbook SCHOOL LIBRARY HANDBOOK « Publication No. 197 North Carolina School Library Handbook issued by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction Raleigh, North Carolina of % (Miction of Worilj (teoltmsma Sljta book mm prtBtxtUb Q> OZT.8 >Jft7pi2.3, d-3 Publication No. 197 North Carolina School Library Handbook Third Edition MARY PEACOCK DOUGLAS State School Library Adviser issued by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction Raleigh, North Carolina 1942 "A library is a place to make people happy, to help them become wise, and to encourage them to become good." —John Cotton Dana. CONTENTS Chapter Page Foreword 5 Introduction 7 I. Standards for School Libraries 9 II. Organization of the School Library 21 III. Library Practices in the Elementary School 36 IV. Selection of Books 41 V. Magazines 54 VI. Audio-Visual Materials 60 VII. Lessons on the Use of the Library 70 VIII. Publicity and Displays 97 IX. Student Librarians and Library Clubs 118 X. School Librarian's Professional Responsibility 125 Index 131 do Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Ensuring Democracy through Digital Access (NC-LSTA) http://www.archive.org/details/northcarolinasch1942doug FOREWORD A most important ability in school and in life is effective reading. Reading is definitely and closely related to the school library program. With the newer methods of teaching it is necessary that the library be well organized, well equipped and well administered if it is to be effective in child development. With these needs in mind this bulletin has been prepared with the hope that it will be helpful to both the trained and the un- trained librarian. Its contents deal with the simple everyday procedures of school library organization and administration. It is designed to stimulate a greater usefulness of library materials, for the library is of little value unless the book collection is read. Problems which come frequently to the State Superintendent of Public Instruction have been used as a basis for the preparation of material to be included here. The school library with a varied and well selected collection of books, pamphlets, magazines, and other printed materials should be one of the major integrating factors of the educational pro- gram. It should be an effective bridge from one subject field to another and should link all subjects together into unified knowl- edge for the pupil. To carry out this idea the library has as its objectives: 1. To acquire varied and appropriate materials and to organize them for effective use. 2. To teach boys and girls to use books and libraries effectively. 3. To stimulate boys and girls to enjoy and appreciate printed materials. 4. To encourage pupils to supplement their school studies by the use of printed materials other than the textbooks. 5. To encourage boys and girls to develop effective attitudes and habits of reading for pleasure and for information. The library room should be made attractive so that young people like to come there. The books should be interesting and in good physical condition so that the boys and girls like to read them and have respect for them. Reading should be encouraged for both immediate and future enjoyment and improvement. The library, school and public, as a source for information and recreation should become an inte- gral part of each child's education. 6 North Carolina School Library Handbook I am sure that you who use this bulletin will find it stimulating and serviceable. I am glad that it could be made available to you as you continue to improve our school libraries and their services. May 20, 1937. The interest that has been displayed in the first edition of this bulletin has been most gratifying. The original printing has been exhausted. This second edition is issued in response to requests for additional copies which I am glad to be able to provide. The improvement in our school libraries in the past few years has been marked. I hope that better and better libraries will be provided for our boys and girls. October 1, 1938. In the preparation of the third edition of the North Carolina School Library Handbook considerable revision of the earlier material has been effected. Deletions and additions have been made in keeping with school library trends and at the sugges- tions of school librarians active in our own State. It is our hope that this bulletin will prove even more useful than the two editions which preceded it. State Superintendent of Public Instruction. February 10, 1942. INTRODUCTION The school library is essential as a teaching force and as an agency through which a considerable amount of teaching can be done and many sorts of learning can take place. The essentials of real library service include an adequate book collection, a library reading room, classroom library corners, a trained sym- pathetic librarian, and understanding cooperative teachers. The best use of available materials should be emphasized. A conscientious effort should be made to see that boys and girls 1. Learn to enjoy reading. 2. Develop judgment in selecting worth-while books. 3. Acquire the ability to use factual books. 4. Form the habit of using libraries and library materials. 5. Respect the rights and privileges of using public property. In order to carry out this program the books for the library must be selected to meet the interest, subject matter and reading level needs of the boys and girls. The present book collection in every school should be evaluated and books of questionable value should be discarded, leaving only the useful material. After this has been done, new books should be added to make a balanced library collection. This bulletin contains a brief list of reference books suitable for elementary and high schools. It does not contain a list of books for recrea- tional reading or a list for informational reading. Such a list is prepared annually by the State Department of Public Instruc- tion and published by the North Carolina Education Association as its Library Book Catalogue. The list is available on request. Books listed can be bought from the North Carolina Education Association, from the individual publishers, or from any reputa- ble book jobber. Elementary schools which rent supplementary readers from the State Textbook Commission will in time cumulate funds which may be expended for elementary school library books. The books must be selected from the Book List for the Elemen- tary School Library issued by the State Textbook Commission and prepared by the State School Library Adviser. Some of the material included in this bulletin has been issued from time to time in mimeographed form. If the demand has seemed to justify it, it has been revised and reprinted here. Any other materials needed by school librarians or teacher-librarians will gladly be prepared. The office of the State School Library Adviser is entirely a service one. Opportunities to help with school library problems are welcomed. Mary Peacock Douglas, State School Library Adviser, Division of Instructional Service. CHAPTER I Standards for School Libraries LIBRARY REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS I. Books. A basic minimum book collection averaging tivo books per pupil in average daily attendance selected from the State approved lists for elementary schools and including the dis- tribution indicated below. Duplications are not counted in the first 500 books. Sets of books other than the required encyclo- pedia are not counted in the first 300 books. Textbooks are not counted as library books. Supplementary readers in sets are not counted as library books. Not more than five copies of any approved title are counted as library books. A. Approved children's encyclopedia—One set (named in order of preference). This may be purchased through the State Textbook Commission. 1. Gompton's Pictured Encyclopedia. F. E. Compton Co., Chicago, Illinois. 2. World Book Encyclopedia. W. F. Quarrie Co., Chicago, Illinois. 3. Britannica Junior Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia Britannica, Chi- cago, Illinois. B. Unabridged dictionary—One. This may be purchased through the State Textbook Commission at discount prices. 1. Webster's New International Dictionary Unabridged. G. and C. Merriam Co., Springfield, Mass. 2. New Standard Dictionary Unabridged. Funk and Wagnalls Co., New York City. C. Types of books. Minimum Collection Civics and Citizenship (300-397) 10 Science (500-599) 10 Useful Arts Inventions, Machinery (600-609, 620-679, 690-699) _ 5 Health (610-619) 10 Industrial Arts (680) 10 Fine Arts Art (700-759) _ _ 10 Music (780-789) 10 : 10 North Carolina School Library Handbook Literature Stories, Fairy Tales, etc. (800's, F, 398, 591) 80 Poetry (811, 811.8, 821, 821.8) 20 Geography and Travel, including Atlas (910-919) 40 History and Biography (900-909, 920-999) 40 Easy Books for Grades 1-3 (E) 20 Titles in Each Classroom 60 After the above minimum subject collection has been se- cured, books should be added in all fields, so that the library averages two books per pupil. A good percentage distribution guide for the book collection follows Deioey Decimal Nos. Subject Percentage 000-099 General Works 2% 100-199 Philosophy and Conduct y3 % 200-299 Religion and Mythology y3 % 300-397 Social Science 8% 400-499 Languages y3 % 500-599 Science 10% 600-699 Useful Arts 10% 700-799 Fine Arts 5% 800-899 Literature 5% 910-919 Geography and Travel 12.%% 900-909, 920-999 History and Biography 10% F and 398 Fiction and Fairy Tales 16y2 % E and P Easy and Picture Books for Grades 1-3 20% II. Magazines. Minimum of five magazines of an elementary school reading level. See annotated list of magazines, pages 54-56. HI. Organizations and records. See Chapter II—Organization of the School Library.
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