Contents • February 2017 • Volume 61, No. 2

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Contents • February 2017 • Volume 61, No. 2 CONTENTS • FEBRUARY 2017 • VOLUME 61, NO. 2 COMMENTARY Doi R Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Swine Production in the United e02348-16 Commentaries States: Impact and Opportunities Timothy J. Johnson MECHANISMS OF ACTION: PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Ambrose T Fludioxonil Induces Drk1, a Fungal Group III Hybrid Histidine Kinase, To e01414-16 PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Dephosphorylate Its Downstream Target, Ypd1 Stephanie M. Lawry, Brad Tebbets, Iain Kean, Douglas Stewart, Joel Hetelle, Bruce S. Klein Milhous T Novel Effects of Lapatinib Revealed in the African Trypanosome by Using e01865-16 PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Hypothesis-Generating Proteomics and Chemical Biology Strategies Paul J. Guyett, Ranjan Behera, Yuko Ogata, Michael Pollastri, Kojo Mensa-Wilmot Shlaes T Novel Detection Strategy To Rapidly Evaluate the Efficacy of Antichlamydial Agents e02202-16 PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Yan Zhang, Yuqi Xian, Leiqiong Gao, Hiba Elaasar, Yao Wang, Lamiya Tauhid, Ziyu Hua, Li Shen MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE Arias T In Vitro Tolerance of Drug-Naive Staphylococcus aureus Strain FDA209P to e01154-16 Mech of Resistance Vancomycin Madhuri Singh, Miki Matsuo, Takashi Sasaki, Yuh Morimoto, Tomomi Hishinuma, Keiichi Hiramatsu Henry F. Chambers T The Loop 2 Region of Ribosomal Protein uS5 Influences Spectinomycin e01186-16 Mech of Resistance Sensitivity, Translational Fidelity, and Ribosome Biogenesis Divya Kamath, Steven T. Gregory, Michael O’Connor Sevtap T Echinocandin Resistance in Candida Species Isolates from Liver Transplant Recipients e01229-16 Arikan-Akdagli Mech of Resistance Gwénolé Prigent, Nawel Aït-Ammar, Eric Levesque, Arnaud Fekkar, Jean-Marc Costa, Sarra El Anbassi, Françoise Foulet, Christophe Duvoux, Jean-Claude Merle, Eric Dannaoui, Françoise Botterel Nuermberger T Molecular Investigation of Resistance to Second-Line Injectable Drugs in e01299-16 Mech of Resistance Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in France Florence Brossier, Anne Pham, Christine Bernard, Alexandra Aubry, Vincent Jarlier, Nicolas Veziris, Wladimir Sougakoff, on behalf of the CNR-MyRMA Nuermberger T De Novo Emergence of Genetically Resistant Mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis e01343-16 Mech of Resistance from the Persistence Phase Cells Formed against Antituberculosis Drugs In Vitro Jees Sebastian, Sharmada Swaminath, Rashmi Ravindran Nair, Kishor Jakkala, Atul Pradhan, Parthasarathi Ajitkumar Doi S Emergence of Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in Cronobacter sakazakii Producing e01444-16 Mech of Resistance NDM-9 and in Escherichia coli from the Same Animal Bao-Tao Liu, Feng-Jing Song, Ming Zou, Zhi-Hui Hao, Hu Shan Arikan-Akdagli S In Vitro Exposure to Increasing Micafungin Concentrations Easily Promotes e01542-16 Mech of Resistance Echinocandin Resistance in Candida glabrata Isolates María Ángeles Bordallo-Cardona, Pilar Escribano, Elia Gómez G. de la Pedrosa, Laura Judith Marcos-Zambrano, Rafael Cantón, Emilio Bouza, Jesús Guinea Instructions to Authors are available at http://journalitas.asm.org/t/46519. CONTENTS • FEBRUARY 2017 • VOLUME 61, NO. 2 Chambers T Tigecycline Nonsusceptibility Occurs Exclusively in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant e01654-16 Mech of Resistance Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates, Including the Major Multidrug-Resistant Lineages O25b:H4-ST131-H30R and O1-ST648 Toyotaka Sato, Yuuki Suzuki, Tsukasa Shiraishi, Hiroyuki Honda, Masaaki Shinagawa, Soh Yamamoto, Noriko Ogasawara, Hiroki Takahashi, Satoshi Takahashi, Yutaka Tamura, Shin-ichi Yokota David Andes T The Paradoxical Effect of Echinocandins in Aspergillus fumigatus Relies on e01690-16 Mech of Resistance Recovery of the ␤-1,3-Glucan Synthase Fks1 Veronika Loiko, Johannes Wagener Doi T Chromosomal Amplification of the bla Carbapenemase Gene in a Proteus e01697-16 Mech of Resistance OXA-58 mirabilis Clinical Isolate Delphine Girlich, Rémy A. Bonnin, Pierre Bogaerts, Morgane De Laveleye, Daniel T. Huang, Laurent Dortet, Philippe Glaser, Youri Glupczynski, Thierry Naas Doi T A Naturally Occurring Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in a Multicopy Plasmid e01735-16 Mech of Resistance Produces a Reversible Increase in Antibiotic Resistance Alfonso Santos-Lopez, Cristina Bernabe-Balas, Manuel Ares-Arroyo, Rafael Ortega- Huedo, Andreas Hoefer, Alvaro San Millan, Bruno Gonzalez-Zorn Andes T Using In Vitro Dynamic Models To Evaluate Fluoroquinolone Activity against e01756-16 Mech of Resistance Emergence of Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Seung-Jin Lee, Elias Gebru Awji, Na-hye Park, Seung-Chun Park Poirel S Genetic Environment of the bla Gene in a Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate That e01856-16 Mech of Resistance KPC-2 May Have Been Imported to Russia from Southeast Asia Vladimir Ageevets, Julia Sopova, Irina Lazareva, Maya Malakhova, Elena Ilina, Elena Kostryukova, Vladislav Babenko, Alessandra Carattoli, Yuri Lobzin, Alexander Uskov, Sergey Sidorenko Doi T Molecular Characterization of OXA-48-Like-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in the e01889-16 Mech of Resistance Czech Republic and Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of pOXA-48-Like Plasmids Anna Skalova, Katerina Chudejova, Veronika Rotova, Matej Medvecky, Vendula Studentova, Eva Chudackova, Pavel Lavicka, Tamara Bergerova, Vladislav Jakubu, Helena Zemlickova, Costas C. Papagiannitsis, Jaroslav Hrabak Doi S Chromosome-Encoded Broad-Spectrum Ambler Class A ␤-Lactamase RUB-1 from e01908-16 Mech of Resistance Serratia rubidaea Rémy A. Bonnin, Jennifer Didi, Ayla Ergani, Sandra Lima, Thierry Naas Doi T Exploring the Role of the ⍀-Loop in the Evolution of Ceftazidime Resistance in e01941-16 Mech of Resistance the PenA ␤-Lactamase from Burkholderia multivorans, an Important Cystic Fibrosis Pathogen Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace, Scott A. Becka, Magdalena A. Taracila, Elise T. Zeiser, Julian A. Gatta, John J. LiPuma, Robert A. Bonomo Doi T Mutations Associated with Decreased Susceptibility to Seven Antimicrobial e01983-16 Mech of Resistance Families in Field and Laboratory-Derived Mycoplasma bovis Strains Kinga M. Sulyok, Zsuzsa Kreizinger, Eniko˝ Wehmann, Inna Lysnyansky, Krisztián Bányai, Szilvia Marton, Ákos Jerzsele, Zsuzsanna Rónai, Ibolya Turcsányi, László Makrai, Szilárd Jánosi, Sára Ágnes Nagy, Miklós Gyuranecz Doi S IncP Plasmid Carrying Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae e02229-16 Mech of Resistance from Hospital Sewage Feifei Zhao, Yu Feng, Xiaoju Lü, Alan McNally, Zhiyong Zong February 2017 Volume 61 Issue 2 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy aac.asm.org iii CONTENTS • FEBRUARY 2017 • VOLUME 61, NO. 2 Shlaes T Identification of a Novel Lincomycin Resistance Mutation Associated with e02247-16 Mech of Resistance Activation of Antibiotic Production in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) Guojun Wang, Masumi Izawa, Xiaoge Yang, Dongbo Xu, Yukinori Tanaka, Kozo Ochi Nuermberger S Missense Mutations in the Unfoldase ClpC1 of the Caseinolytic Protease Complex e02342-16 Mech of Resistance Are Associated with Pyrazinamide Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Michelle Yee, Pooja Gopal, Thomas Dick Shlaes S Plazomicin Activity against 346 Extended-Spectrum-␤-Lactamase/AmpC-Producing e02454-16 Mech of Resistance Escherichia coli Urinary Isolates in Relation to Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes Maria del Carmen López-Diaz, Esther Culebras, Iciar Rodríguez-Avial, Esther Rios, José Manuel Viñuela-Prieto, Juan J. Picazo, Carmen Rodríguez-Avial SUSCEPTIBILITY Milhous T Significant Divergence in Sensitivity to Antimalarial Drugs between Neighboring e01689-16 Susceptibility Plasmodium falciparum Populations along the Eastern Border of Myanmar Weilin Zeng, Yao Bai, Meilian Wang, Zenglei Wang, Shuang Deng, Yonghua Ruan, Shi Feng, Zhaoqing Yang, Liwang Cui Nuermberger S In Vitro Susceptibility Testing of Bedaquiline against Mycobacterium avium Complex e01798-16 Susceptibility Barbara A. Brown-Elliott, Julie V. Philley, David E. Griffith, Foram Thakkar, Richard J. Wallace, Jr. Doi S In Vitro Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Isolates in a Phase 3 Open- e01820-16 Susceptibility Label Clinical Trial for Complicated Intra-Abdominal and Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Ceftazidime-Nonsusceptible Gram-Negative Pathogens Gregory G. Stone, Patricia A. Bradford, Paul Newell, Angela Wardman Rice S In Vitro Activities of Lefamulin and Other Antimicrobial Agents against e02008-16 Susceptibility Macrolide-Susceptible and Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae from the United States, Europe, and China Ken B. Waites, Donna M. Crabb, Lynn B. Duffy, Jorgen S. Jensen, Yang Liu, Susanne Paukner Nuermberger T Genotyping and Prevalence of Pyrazinamide- and Moxifloxacin-Resistant e02170-16 Susceptibility Tuberculosis in China, 2000 to 2010 Yu Pang, Zhijian Zhang, Yufeng Wang, Shengfen Wang, Yuanyuan Song, Bing Zhao, Yang Zhou, Xichao Ou, Qiang Li, Hui Xia, Yang Zheng, Xiangqun Fang, Yanlin Zhao BIOLOGIC RESPONSE MODIFIERS Nuermberger T Long-Chain Fatty Acyl Coenzyme A Ligase FadD2 Mediates Intrinsic e02130-16 Modifiers Pyrazinamide Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Brandon C. Rosen, Nicholas A. Dillon, Nicholas D. Peterson, Yusuke Minato, Anthony D. Baughn ANTIVIRAL AGENTS Ambrose T Evaluation of Doravirine Pharmacokinetics When Switching from Efavirenz to e01757-16 Antiviral Doravirine in Healthy Subjects Ka Lai Yee, Rosa I. Sanchez, Patrice Auger, Rachael Liu, Li Fan, Ilias Triantafyllou, Ming-Tain Lai, Mike Di Spirito, Marian Iwamoto, Sauzanne G. Khalilieh iv aac.asm.org Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Volume 61 Issue 2 February 2017 CONTENTS • FEBRUARY 2017 • VOLUME 61, NO. 2 Martinez T Phase 2 Randomized,
Recommended publications
  • Overcoming Fluoroquinolone Resistance: Mechanistic Basis of Non- Quinolone Antibacterials Targeting Type Ii Topoisomerases
    OVERCOMING FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE: MECHANISTIC BASIS OF NON- QUINOLONE ANTIBACTERIALS TARGETING TYPE II TOPOISOMERASES By Elizabeth Grace Gibson Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Pharmacology May 10, 2019 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Neil Osheroff, Ph.D. Joey Barnett, Ph.D. Wendell S. Akers, Pharm.D., Ph.D. Sean Davies, Ph.D. Benjamin Spiller, Ph.D. Timothy R. Sterling, M.D. DEDICATION To all my family and church family who have supported and encouraged me over all my years in school. To Him who I put all my trust. Commit your way to the Lord, trust also in Him and He shall bring it to pass. Psalm 37:5 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want to first thank my Ph.D. advisor, Dr. Neil Osheroff, for allowing me to work in his laboratory. Thank you for all your support and encouragement and just being an overall great mentor. You really know how to bring us up when we need it or give us an ego check when we get a little high and mighty when things are going well. I appreciate your supportiveness to careers outside academia. I also appreciate that you always have our best interest at heart. To Dr. Joe Deweese, my first research mentor and the one who instilled the love of topoisomerase research. Without your guidance I would not be where I am today. Thank you for introducing me to Neil and his laboratory and helping with the transition from research in your lab to his.
    [Show full text]
  • Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Syphilis
    2019 GONORRHEA, CHLAMYDIA, AND SYPHILIS AND CHLAMYDIA, GONORRHEA, Dedication TAG would like to thank the National Coalition of STD Directors for funding and input on the report. THE PIPELINE REPORT Pipeline for Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Syphilis By Jeremiah Johnson Introduction The current toolbox for addressing gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis is inadequate. At a time where all three epidemics are dramatically expanding in locations all around the globe, including record-breaking rates of new infections in the United States, stakeholders must make do with old tools, inadequate systems for addressing sexual health, and a sparse research pipeline of new treatment, prevention, and diagnostic options. Lack of investment in sexual health research has left the field with inadequate prevention options, and limited access to infrastructure for testing and treatment have allowed sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to flourish. The consequences of this underinvestment are large: according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2012 there were an estimated 357 million new infections (roughly 1 million per day) of the four curable STIs: gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and trichomoniasis.1 In the United States, the three reportable STIs that are the focus of this report—gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis—are growing at record paces. In 2017, a total of 30,644 cases of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis—the most infectious stages of the disease—were reported in the United States. Since reaching a historic low in 2000 and 2001, the rate of P&S syphilis has increased almost every year, increasing 10.5% during 2016–2017. Also in 2017, 555,608 cases of gonorrhea were reported to the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Anew Drug Design Strategy in the Liht of Molecular Hybridization Concept
    www.ijcrt.org © 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 12 December 2020 | ISSN: 2320-2882 “Drug Design strategy and chemical process maximization in the light of Molecular Hybridization Concept.” Subhasis Basu, Ph D Registration No: VB 1198 of 2018-2019. Department Of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University A Draft Thesis is submitted for the partial fulfilment of PhD in Chemistry Thesis/Degree proceeding. DECLARATION I Certify that a. The Work contained in this thesis is original and has been done by me under the guidance of my supervisor. b. The work has not been submitted to any other Institute for any degree or diploma. c. I have followed the guidelines provided by the Institute in preparing the thesis. d. I have conformed to the norms and guidelines given in the Ethical Code of Conduct of the Institute. e. Whenever I have used materials (data, theoretical analysis, figures and text) from other sources, I have given due credit to them by citing them in the text of the thesis and giving their details in the references. Further, I have taken permission from the copyright owners of the sources, whenever necessary. IJCRT2012039 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 284 www.ijcrt.org © 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 12 December 2020 | ISSN: 2320-2882 f. Whenever I have quoted written materials from other sources I have put them under quotation marks and given due credit to the sources by citing them and giving required details in the references. (Subhasis Basu) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This preface is to extend an appreciation to all those individuals who with their generous co- operation guided us in every aspect to make this design and drawing successful.
    [Show full text]
  • The Study Listed May Include Approved and Non-Approved Uses, Formulations Or Treatment Regimens
    The study listed may include approved and non-approved uses, formulations or treatment regimens. The results reported in any single study may not reflect the overall results obtained on studies of a product. Before prescribing any product mentioned in this Register, healthcare professionals should consult prescribing information for the product approved in their country. GSK Medicine: Gepotidacin Study Number: 207625 Title: Meta-analysis to estimate the microbiological treatment effect of nitrofurantoin for determination of the non-inferiority margin in a phase 3 clinical trial of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI). Rationale: Active-comparator, non-inferiority study designs are generally used in uUTI trials, given the ethical implications of placebo treatment. In order to design, execute, and analyze a non-inferiority trial, an estimate of the treatment effect (M1) of the planned active comparator (nitrofurantoin), must be obtained from historical randomized or open label studies. Once an estimate of M1 (nitrofurantoin treatment effect) is obtained, a non-inferiority margin (M2) or the largest clinically acceptable difference of the test drug compared to the active comparator must be determined. Determination of M1 and M2 is critical to the design, analysis and interpretation of a non-inferiority trial. The rationale for this study was to estimate the treatment effect of an active comparator (nitrofurantoin) in order to determine the non-inferiority margin for a Phase III study, which will demonstrate the efficacy of a new
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Clinical Antibacterial and Antituberculosis Pipeline
    Review Analysis of the clinical antibacterial and antituberculosis pipeline Ursula Theuretzbacher, Simon Gottwalt, Peter Beyer, Mark Butler, Lloyd Czaplewski, Christian Lienhardt, Lorenzo Moja, Mical Paul, Sarah Paulin, John H Rex, Lynn L Silver, Melvin Spigelman, Guy E Thwaites, Jean-Pierre Paccaud, Stephan Harbarth This analysis of the global clinical antibacterial pipeline was done in support of the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Resistance. The study analysed to what extent antibacterial and antimycobacterial drugs for systemic human use as Published Online well as oral non-systemic antibacterial drugs for Clostridium difficile infections were active against pathogens included October 15, 2018 in the WHO priority pathogen list and their innovativeness measured by their absence of cross-resistance (new class, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S1473-3099(18)30513-9 target, mode of action). As of July 1, 2018, 30 new chemical entity (NCE) antibacterial drugs, ten biologics, ten NCEs Center for Anti-Infective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and four NCEs against C difficile were identified. Of the 30 NCEs, 11 are expected Agents, Vienna, Austria to have some activity against at least one critical priority pathogen expressing carbapenem resistance. The clinical (U Theuretzbacher PhD); pipeline is dominated by derivatives of established classes and most development candidates display limited Biovision Foundation for innovation. New antibacterial drugs without pre-existing cross-resistance are under-represented and are urgently Ecological Development, Zurich, Switzerland (S Gottwalt); needed, especially for geographical regions with high resistance rates among Gram-negative bacteria and Essential Medicines and Health M tuberculosis. Products, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland (P Beyer PhD); Background potential inno vation, and clinical value globally.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
    26th Edition M100S Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing This document provides updated tables for the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute antimicrobial susceptibility testing standards M02-A12, M07-A10, and M11-A8. An informational supplement for global application developed through the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute consensus process. Licensedto:Landspitali-NationalUniversityHospital-DivisionofDiagnosticMedicine Thisdocumentisprotectedbycopyright.CLSIorder#0,Downloadedon12/28/2015. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Setting the standard for quality in medical laboratory testing around the world. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) is a not-for-profit membership organization that brings together the varied perspectives and expertise of the worldwide laboratory community for the advancement of a common cause: to foster excellence in laboratory medicine by developing and implementing medical laboratory standards and guidelines that help laboratories fulfill their responsibilities with efficiency, effectiveness, and global applicability. Consensus Process Consensus—the substantial agreement by materially affected, competent, and interested parties—is core to the development of all CLSI documents. It does not always connote unanimous agreement, but does mean that the participants in the development of a consensus document have considered and resolved all relevant objections and accept the resulting agreement. Commenting on Documents CLSI documents undergo periodic evaluation and modification to keep pace with advancements in technologies, procedures, methods, and protocols affecting the laboratory or health care. CLSI’s consensus process depends on experts who volunteer to serve as contributing authors and/or as participants in the reviewing and commenting process. At the end of each comment period, the committee that developed the document is obligated to review all comments, respond in writing to all substantive comments, and revise the draft document as appropriate.
    [Show full text]
  • Files of Purified Oligog-Drug Conjugates
    The Design and Assembly of Tailored Oligosaccharides as Polymer Therapeutics for Improved Treatment of Chronic Respiratory Disease A thesis submitted to Cardiff University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy February 2019 Joana Stokniene Advanced Therapies Group School of Dentistry Cardiff University United Kingdom ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisors Professor David Thomas, Dr Elaine Ferguson and Dr Katja Hill for the patient guidance, endless encouragement and valuable advice throughout my PhD. I would also like to acknowledge the Research Council of Norway and the biopharmaceutical company Algipharma AS for funding my PhD studentship (Grant number: 228542/O30). I am grateful to all my friends and colleagues with whom I have had the pleasure of working throughout this research project. Special thanks to Dr Mathieu Varache, Dr Lydia Powell and Dr Manon Pritchard for your wonderful support, guidance and invaluable help. I would like to express my very great appreciation to Dr Olav Aarstad (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Dr Diego Andrey and Dr Owen Spiller (Cardiff University) for your kind help in the laboratory. Finally, I wish to thank my family for their unconditional support and enthusiastic encouragement throughout my PhD study. iii Abstract Healthcare-associated infections affect 4 million patients annually in the EU and result in an estimated 37,000 deaths per year. Of particular concern are the rapidly increasing resistance rates of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens to many, or even all, commonly used antibiotics, with a corresponding decrease in the design/development of new antibiotic compounds.
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of Ph on the Activity of Finafloxacin Against Extracellular
    Clinical Microbiology and Infection 26 (2020) 1254.e1e1254.e8 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Clinical Microbiology and Infection journal homepage: www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com Original article Influence of pH on the activity of finafloxacin against extracellular and intracellular Burkholderia thailandensis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Francisella philomiragia and on its cellular pharmacokinetics in THP-1 monocytes * H. Chalhoub 1, S.V. Harding 2, P.M. Tulkens 1, F. Van Bambeke 1, 1) Pharmacologie cellulaire et moleculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium 2) CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK article info abstract Article history: Objectives: Burkholderia pseudomallei, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis are facultative intracellular Received 25 May 2019 bacteria causing life-threatening infections. We have (a) compared the activity of finafloxacin (a fluo- Received in revised form roquinolone in development showing improved activity at acidic pH) with that of ciprofloxacin, levo- 11 July 2019 floxacin and imipenem against the extracellular and intracellular (THP-1 monocytes) forms of infection Accepted 25 July 2019 by attenuated surrogates of these species (B. thailandensis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, F. philomiragia) and (b) Available online 9 August 2019 assessed finafloxacin cellular pharmacokinetics (accumulation, distribution, efflux). Editor: W. Couet Methods: Bacteria in broth or in infected monocytes were exposed to antibiotics at pH 7.4 or 5.5 for 24 hr. Maximal relative efficacies (Emax) and static concentrations (Cs) were calculated using the Hill equation Keywords: (concentrationeresponse curves). Finafloxacin pharmacokinetics in cells at pH 7.4 or 5.5 was investigated Burkholderia thailandensis using 14C-labelled drug. Finafloxacin Results: Extracellularly, all drugs sterilized the cultures, with finafloxacin being two to six times more Fluoroquinolones potent at acidic pH.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Suggested Abbreviations Using the EUCAST System* Entries in Orange Required Application of the Rules
    Table of Suggested Abbreviations using the EUCAST System* Entries in orange required application of the rules Agent Code Agent Code Agent Code Amikacin AMI Florfenicol FLO Streptomycin STR Amoxicillin AMO Fosfomycin FOS Sulbactam SUL Amoxicillin- AMC Flucloxacillin FLU Sulfisoxazole SIS clavulanate Ampicillin AMP Fusidic acid FUS Sulfamethoxazole SME Ampicillin- AMS Gamithromycin GAM Sulfathiazole STH sulbactam Avibactam AVI Gepotidacin GEP Tazobactam TAZ Azithromycin AZI Gentamicin GEN Tedizolid TED Aztreonam AZT Imipenem IMI Teicoplanin TEI Benzylpenicillin BEN Kanamycin KAN Telavancin TEL Cefaclor CCL Levofloxacin LEV Telithromycin TEH Cefadroxil CDR Linezolid LIN Tetracycline TET Cefalexin CLE Marbofloxacin MAR Tiamulin TIA Cefazolin CZO Meropenem MER Ticarcillin TIC Ticarcillin- Cefepime CEP Mecillinam MEC TIL clavulanate Cefixime CIX Methicillin MEH Tigecycline TIG Cefotaxime CTA Metronidazole MET Tildipirosin TID Cefoxitin CXI Minocycline MIN Tilmicosin TIM Cefpodoxime CPO Moxifloxacin MOX Tobramycin TOB Ceftaroline CTL Mupirocin MUP Trimethoprim TRI Trimethoprim- Ceftazidime CTZ Nalidixic acid NAL TRS sulfamethoxazole Ceftazidime- CTV Netilmicin NET Tulathromycin TUL avibactam Ceftibuten CTI Nitrofurantoin NIT Vaborbactam VAB Ceftiofur CTF Norfloxacin NOR Valnemulin VAL Ceftobiprole CTO Novobiocin NOV Vancomycin VAN Ceftolozane- CTT Ofloxacin OFL Spectinomycin SPE tazobactam Ceftriaxone CTR Orbifloxacin ORB Streptomycin STR Cefuroxime CUR Oritavancin ORI Sulbactam SUL Chloramphenicol CHL Oxacillin OXA Sulfisoxazole SIS Ciprofloxacin
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Antibacterial Agents in Clinical and Preclinical
    2020 ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS IN CLINICAL AND PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENT an overview and analysis 2020 ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS IN CLINICAL AND PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENT an overview and analysis 2020 ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS IN CLINICAL AND PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENT an overview and analysis 2020 Antibacterial agents in clinical and preclinical development: an overview and analysis ISBN 978-92-4-002130-3 (electronic version) ISBN 978-92-4-002131-0 (print version) © World Health Organization 2021 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/).
    [Show full text]
  • Development of New Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors As Promising Antibiotics with a 5-Amino-1,3-Dioxane Linker Moiety DI
    Development of New Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors as Promising Antibiotics with a 5-Amino-1,3-dioxane Linker Moiety DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Linsen Li Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences The Ohio State University 2019 Dissertation Committee: Mark J Mitton-Fry, Ph.D., Advisor Karl A Werbovetz, Ph.D. Mireia Guerau-de-Arellano, Ph.D. James R Fuchs, Ph.D. Copyright by Linsen Li 2019 Abstract Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) have become one of the greatest threats to human beings. Regardless of the mechanism of action involved, resistance has eventually developed after the clinical use of each class of antibiotics. Thus, new antibiotic classes with unprecedented mechanisms of action are in urgent demand. With a distinct mechanism of action, Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors (NBTIs) represent a promising new class of antibiotics. The recent development of NBTIs has been encouraging. Several NBTIs have processed to clinical trials, and one NBTI (Gepotidacin) has successfully completed Phase 2 clinical trials. However, the cardiac toxicity from the inhibition of hERG K+ channels is one of the major challenges in the discovery of NBTIs. In this work, a 5-amino-1,3-dioxane linker moiety was incorporated in new NBTIs to decrease hERG inhibition, which was demonstrated by comparison with several structure- matched pairs with other linker moieties. A variety of NBTIs with a 5-amino-1,3-dioxane linker have been synthesized and evaluated. Many of these newly synthesized NBTIs showed potent antibacterial activity, covering methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and fluoroquinolone-resistant strains.
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotics Currently in Clinical Development
    A data table from Dec 2015 Antibiotics Currently in Clinical Development As of September 2015, an estimated 39 new antibiotics1 with the potential to treat serious bacterial infections are in clinical development for the U.S. market and two have been approved within the last year. The success rate for clinical drug development is low; at best, only 1 in 5 candidates that enter human testing (Phase 1 clinical trials) will be approved for patients.* Below is a snapshot of the current antibiotic pipeline, based on publicly available information and informed by an external expert. It will be updated periodically, as products advance or are known to drop out of development. Because this list is updated periodically, footnote numbers may not be sequential. Please contact [email protected] with additions or updates. Expected activity Expected activity Development against resistant against a CDC Drug name Company Drug class Potential indication(s)?5 phase2 Gram-negative ESKAPE urgent threat pathogens?3 pathogen?4 Approved for: complicated urinary tract Cubist Pharmaceuticals, infections, complicated intra-abdominal Novel Ceftolozane+Tazobactam Approved Dec. 19, Inc. (wholly owned infections, acute pyelonephritis (kidney cephalosporin+beta- Yes No (Zerbaxa) 2014 subsidiary of Merck & infection); other potential indications: lactamase inhibitor Co.) hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia/ ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia Approved for: complicated urinary tract infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, acute pyelonephritis (kidney Ceftazidime+Avibactam Approved Feb. 25, Allergan plc (formerly Cephalosporin + novel Yes Yes infection); other potential indications: (Avycaz) 201513 Actavis)/AstraZeneca plc beta-lactamase inhibitor hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia/ ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia, bacteremia WCK 4873 Phase 1 Wockhardt Ltd.
    [Show full text]