Tangled” Movie Script
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p–ISSN 2614-6320 Volume 2, No. 2, March 2019 e–ISSN 2614-6258 AN ANALYSIS OF TENSE AND ASPECT IN THE “TANGLED” MOVIE SCRIPT Isti Endila Herani1, Cynantia Rachmijati2 1 IKIP SILIWANGI 2 IKIP SILIWANGI 1 [email protected] , 2 [email protected] Abstract This study is an attempt to analyze the tense and aspects found inside the ”Tangled” movie script. The data source is a sentence or speech the verb contains tense and aspects found on “Tangled” movie script. The study applied descriptive qualitative method.This study belongs to a descriptive research because it collects and analyzes the data, after that draws a conclusion based on the data. Then this research belongs to qualitative research because it involves analyzing and explaining the data. Additionally, this research is designed in descriptive qualitative research because the research examines the types of the language used of Tense and Aspects in "Tangled" Movie Scripts. In this research the data source is “Tangled” Movie Script. In “Tangled” movie script, there was 61 sentences that researcher found in the uses of tense and aspect. From the result above the dominant types on tense and aspect in “Tangled” movie script was simple future and present perfect. In the “Tangled” movie script the researcher didn’t find tense and aspect in past perfect progressive, future progressive, future perfect and future perfect progressive. Keywords: tense, aspect, tangled movie script INTRODUCTION The Language is a communication system consisting of sounds, words, and grammar or communication systems that can express what a person feels and wants. According to Ondondo (2015 as cited in Wiguna & Anggraeni, 2018), Understanding communication and how it works is important to human beings. In communication, there are many aspects that are used to convey the purpose of communication, one to clarify the purpose and intent to understand of the word to be conveyed is to learn grammar. In learning English, one of the basic materials is studied grammar. Harmer (1991 as cited in Dewi, 2017) states “has declared that grammatical knowledge is very important for learners who wants to have communicative competence”. Grammar is a structured rule in composing sentences, phrases, and words in the language. In the discourse analysis of grammar there is tense and aspect, tense and aspect is a semantic study used daily to communicate. According to McCarthly (1991 : 62 as cited Rivas, 2001), The tenses and aspects do not seem so strictly bound to time as to issues such as the sender's purpose, the focus on different elements of the message, and the projection of a shared framework within which thethe receiver will understand the message. Tense describes the occurrence an act now, past and future, while the aspect is related to the kinds of deeds, such as deeds continue to take place, are finished, and repeated. In learning English a lot of media that can be used, one of them is using movie script. The researcher use movie scripts because it is interesting to be studied. In many movie scripts the 86 Volume 2, No. 2, March 2019 pp 86-92 use of tense and aspects that can be analyzed. From the above exposure, The researchers interested to examine the tangled movie script by Dan Fegelman for Pixar and Disney Movies Production because in the movie script there are tense and aspects that are used. a. Tense and aspect system Table 1. Tense and aspect system Tenses Aspects Tense-aspect system Present Simple S + bare infinitive Progressive S + am/ is/ are + present participle Perfect S + have/ has + past participle Perfect progressive S + have/ has + been + present participle Past Simple S + past simple Progressive S + was/ were + present participle Perfect S + had + past participle Perfect proressive S + had + been + present participle Future Simple S + will + bare infinitive Progressive S + will + be + present participle Perfect S + will + have +past participle Perfect progressive S + will + have + been +present participle b. “Tangled” Movie Tangled is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated with the genre musical adventure movie. Produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. This movie tells the story of a lost young princess with a long magical hair who yearns to leave her secluded tower. Against her mother's wishes, she accepts the aid of an intruder to take her out into the world which she has never seen.The researcher used the script of this movie because it is interesting to analysis this movie and this movie had tense and aspects in the dialogue of the script. METHOD In this research, the writer uses a descriptive qualitative research. Qualitative research is a research that gives the descriptive data in the form of written or oral words. According Denzin and Lincoln (2000 :3 as cited in Ospina, 2004) claim that qualitative research involves an interpretive and naturalistic approach: “This means that qualitative researchers study things in their natural settings,attempting to make sense of, or to interpret, phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them”. Tavakoli (2012:503) states in Kaswan & Suprijadi (2016:15 as cited in Wiguna & Anggraeni, 2018), Qualitative research is synthetic or holistic (i.e., views the separate parts as a coherent whole), heuristic (i.e., discovers or describes the patterns or relationships), with little or no control and manipulation of the research content. This research belongs to a descriptive research because it just collects and analyzes the data, after that draws a conclusion based on the data. Then this research belongs to qualitative research because it involves analyzing and explaining the data. Additionally, this research is designed in descriptive qualitative research because the research examines the types of the language used of Tense and Aspects in "Tangled" Movie Scripts. In 87 Volume 2, No. 2, March 2019 pp 86-92 this research the data source is “Tangled” Movie Script written by Dan Fegelman for Pixar and Disney Movies Production. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results Table 2. The types of tense and aspet in the “Tangled” movie script V1 Be + V-ing 3H + V3 3H + Been + V-ing Simple Proggressive Perfect Perfect Proggressive Pres S V1 (s/es) S am/ is/ are V-ing S have/ has V3 S have/ has been V- ent 1.It starts with the 1.I am turning 1.All the things we ing sun. eighteen. have seen. 1.I have been 2.Pascal motions 2.I am just teasing. 2.I have got a dreaming about head. 3.I am leading up to person in my closet. them my entire life! 3.you lovely folks. that. 3.I have hidden it. 2.I have been 4.Your dream 4.I am just saying. 4.I have waited a looking out a stinks. 5.I think he is telling long time for this. window for 5.Mother says when the truth. 5.I have made the eighteen years. I was baby. 6.The way it is decision to trust 3.I have been 6.It turns brown and calling me. you. searching for you loses its. 7.I am seeing those 6.I have got a guys. lanters. dream. 4.I have been Do/ does S V1? 8.Mother is feeling a 7.They have got a hiding from you ! little run-down. dream! Do you want go 8.We have got a outside ? dream ! 9.I have got to get Do you know what me one of these! these are ? 10.You have got to be kidding me. 11.I should have given it to you before. 12.The world has somehow shifted. Past S V2 S was/ were V-ing S had V3 - 1.The kingdom 1. She was running 1.He had enough searched and out of time. money to do searched but they 2.I was saying anything that he could not find the tomorrow is a pretty wanted to do. princess. big day. 2.For the lost 2.I could get used to 3.I was hoping you princess had now a view like this. would take me to see returned. 3.I wanted to ask. the floating lights. S did not V1 4.I was in a situation, 1.I didn’t see that gallivanting through coming. the forest. 88 Volume 2, No. 2, March 2019 pp 86-92 5.I was being chased. 6.I was talking to her. 7.I was going to offer Did S V1? you something worth 1.What did you do one thousand crowns. to him ? 8.I was starting to think you ran off with the crown and left me. 9.You were right about everything. 10.As I was saying, tomorrow.. Futu S will V1 - - - re 1.I will give you a hint. 2.I will read a book or maybe two or three. 3.I will play guitar and knit 4.Something will go wrong, I swear! 5.Mother will protect you. 6.They will eat you alive. 7.I will see you in a bit, my flower. 8.I will take you to see the lanterns ! 9.I will use this. 10.You will know it when you smell it 11.I will be together. Will S V1? 1.Will I return your satchel to you ? The researchers used two samples of each types to discuss of tense and aspect in “Tangled” movie script. 1). Present simple : a. Mother says when I was baby The tense in the sentence states the present, and the aspect in the sentence states is going. b. It starts with the sun. The tense in the sentence states the present, and the aspect states is going 2).