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“Éire Go Brách” the Development of Irish Republican Nationalism in the 20Th Into the 21St Centuries
“Éire go Brách” The Development of Irish Republican Nationalism in the 20th into the 21st Centuries Alexandra Watson Honors Thesis Dr. Giacomo Gambino Department of Political Science Spring 2020 Watson 2 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Literature Review: Irish Nationalism -- What is it ? 5 A Brief History 18 ‘The Irish Question’ and Early Roots of Irish Republicanism 20 Irish Republicanism and the War for Independence 25 The Anglo Irish Treaty of 1921, Pro-Treaty Republicanism vs. Anti-Treaty Republicanism, and Civil War 27 Early Statehood 32 ‘The Troubles’ and the Good Friday Agreement 36 Why is ‘the North’ Different? 36 ‘The Troubles’ 38 The Good Friday Agreement 40 Contemporary Irish Politics: Irish Nationalism Now? 45 Explaining the Current Political System 45 Competing nationalisms Since the Good Friday Agreement and the Possibility of Unification 46 2020 General Election 47 Conclusions 51 Appendix 54 Acknowledgements 57 Bibliography 58 Watson 3 Introduction In June of 2016, the people of the United Kingdom democratically elected to leave the European Union. The UK’s decision to divorce from the European Union has brought significant uncertainty for the country both in domestic and foreign policy and has spurred a national identity crisis across the United Kingdom. The Brexit negotiations themselves, and the consequences of them, put tremendous pressure on already strained international relationships between the UK and other European countries, most notably their geographic neighbour: the Republic of Ireland. The Anglo-Irish relationship is characterized by centuries of mutual antagonism and the development of Irish national consciousness, which ultimately resulted in the establishment of an autonomous Irish free state in 1922. -
Republicanism and Separatism in the Seventeenth Century
25 Republicanism and Separatism in the Seventeenth Century TOMÁS Ó FIAICH This article first appeared in ‘Léachtaí Cholm Cille’ II Stair, 1971. It is reproduced with the permission of An Sagart, Má Nuad and Pádraig Ó Fiannachta. Consequently it has been thought that all this would be settled by having the enterprise carried out in the name of the liberty of the fatherland and of oppressed religion and by establishing as the government a Republic, which should be so called on its flags and in its commissions … For Ireland to take the name and title of Republic appears to be the best way to carry out this diversion with all possible success and safety … It is simply noted that this insurrection which the natives of that country wish to carry out, should be proclaimed as being for the purpose of establishing the country as a free Republic and in order to make the Catholic religion there free, absolutely … let him (i.e. the pope) send special delegates to all the Catholic kings and princes of Europe, earnestly urging them to help the said Republic of Ireland. These phrases are culled not from the autobiography of Wolfe Tone, the father of Irish republicanism, nor even from a document belonging to the end of the eighteenth century, when republicanism was in the ascendant in the United States of America and in France. They were written as long ago as 1627, when only two republics of note existed in Europe and it was proposed that Ireland should become the third. The long document which has been quoted seems to have been the first in our history to put forward a republican form of government as the objective of an Ireland fighting for her freedom—the first document, in fact, which uses the then unfamiliar and unhallowed title of ‘Irish Republic’. -
Republic of Ireland. Wikipedia. Last Modified
Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Republic of Ireland Permanent link From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page information Data item This article is about the modern state. For the revolutionary republic of 1919–1922, see Irish Cite this page Republic. For other uses, see Ireland (disambiguation). Print/export Ireland (/ˈaɪərlənd/ or /ˈɑrlənd/; Irish: Éire, Ireland[a] pronounced [ˈeː.ɾʲə] ( listen)), also known as the Republic Create a book Éire of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign Download as PDF state in Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island Printable version of Ireland. The capital is Dublin, located in the eastern part of the island. The state shares its only land border Languages with Northern Ireland, one of the constituent countries of Acèh the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Адыгэбзэ Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint Flag Coat of arms George's Channel to the south east, and the Irish Sea to Afrikaans [10] Anthem: "Amhrán na bhFiann" Alemannisch the east. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic with an elected president serving as head of state. The head "The Soldiers' Song" Sorry, your browser either has JavaScript of government, the Taoiseach, is nominated by the lower Ænglisc disabled or does not have any supported house of parliament, Dáil Éireann. player. You can download the clip or download a Aragonés The modern Irish state gained effective independence player to play the clip in your browser. from the United Kingdom—as the Irish Free State—in Armãneashce 1922 following the Irish War of Independence, which Arpetan resulted in the Anglo-Irish Treaty. -
The Irish and Their Nation: a Survey of Recent Attitudes Thomas C
The Global Review of Ethnopolitics Vol. 2 no. 2, January 2003, 17-36 The Irish and their Nation: A Survey of Recent Attitudes Thomas C. Davis, Cameron University Introduction In a series of essays published in the months preceding the Easter Rising of 1916, Pádraic Pearse expressed his thoughts about the Irish people and their nation. Echoing a sentiment that many in his day embraced, he wrote, ‘Irish nationality is an ancient spiritual tradition, and the Irish nation could not die as long as that tradition lived in the heart of one faithful man or woman’ (1924: 304). As in previous armed rebellions, the 1916 Easter Rising failed to force the British from Ireland, and Pearse, who had proclaimed himself president of the provisional Irish government during the five-day insurrection, was ultimately executed along with fifteen other rebel leaders. Despite its lack of immediate success, the Easter Rising is now viewed as the event marking the beginning of the end of British rule, and Pearse has since taken his place in the pantheon of Irish heroes alongside such figures as Wolfe Tone, Robert Emmet, Daniel O’Connell, Thomas Davis, and Brian Boru, the first High King of Ireland. Pearse’s reflections on the nation are important not only for their historical significance within Ireland, but because they also reflect the sentiment associated with national identity everywhere: self- sacrifice, pride, community, history, rebirth, and popular participation. Throughout the world, nations remain objects of affiliation, and, as this study reveals, the Irish people continue to display a strong attachment to their nation, much as Pearse foretold in his early twentieth-century essay. -
£200 £150 £100
£200 £150 £100 £50 Name Sell Buy Sell Buy Sell Buy Sell Buy 1 1905 Italy France Germany Spain 2 Addickforlife Netherlands Portugal Czech Republic Germany 3 Addickted Netherlands France Czech Republic Germany 4 Addicted Croatia Spain England Poland 5 AFKABartram Germany Italy Spain Croatia 6 AidenTheAddick Netherlands Spain Portugal France 7 Athletico Charlton Germany England Russia Republic of Ireland 8 Bangkokaddick Italy Portugal Netherlands Czech Republic 9 BaronPaolo Netherlands Spain Germany France 10 Bedsaddick England Poland Italy Netherlands 11 benjest1989 Portugal Germany Netherlands Poland 12 bigstemarra Germany Poland Netherlands Spain 13 Bill Stumps Italy Spain Czech Republic Germany 14 Boom Netherlands Republic of Ireland Greece Croatia 15 br7 addick France Italy Portugal Greece 16 Brunello France Poland Spain Germany 17 Busterblitz Italy France Ukraine Republic of Ireland 18 CAFC_Barr8 Germany France Netherlands Russia 19 cafc7‐6htfc Russia Germany France Netherlands 20 CAFCBourne France Italy Netherlands Czech Republic 21 CAFCCrazy Netherlands England Republic of Ireland Poland 22 CAFCdamo England Netherlands Germany Italy 23 cafcpolo Germany England France Netherlands 24 cafcrocky87 Netherlands Spain England Republic of Ireland 25 Callumcafc France Germany Italy Poland 26 Carl Leaburn France Spain Portugal Ukraine 27 Charltonparklane Portugal France Germany Italy 28 colthe3rd Italy Ukraine Netherlands Poland 29 craigcafc Netherlands England France Republic of Ireland 30 Creepyaddick Italy Greece Denmark Poland 31 csr_cafc -
Agreement Between the Government of the Republic of Ireland and The
Ik TREATY SERIES, 1950. No. 4. AGREEMENT ' ' f V \ 1950 between the A GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF SPAIN REGARDING MUTUAL AID AND EXCHANGE OF METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION Dublin 11th May, 1950. Presented to Dáil Eireann by the Minister for External Affairs. DUBLIN : PUBLISHED BY THE STATIONERY OFFICE. To be purchased directly from the GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS SALE OFFICE, 3-4 COLLEGE STREET, DUBLIN, or through any Bookseller. Price Ttvopence. (Pr. 16). TREATY SERIES, 1950. No. 4. AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF SPAIN REGARDING MUTUAL AID AND EXCHANGE OF METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION Dublin 11th May, 1950. Presented to Dáil Eireann by the Minister for External Affairs. DUBLIN : PUBLISHED BY THE STATIONERY OFFICE. To be purchased directly from the GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS SALE OFFICE, 3-4 COLLEGE STREET, DUBLIN, or through any Bookseller. Prie •■ Twopence. (Pr. 16). AGREEMENT ON MUTUAL AID AND EXCHANGE OF METEOROLÓGICA INFORMATION BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENTS OF IRELAND AND SPAIN. The Governments of Ireland and Spain, desirous of establishing a coordinated system of exchanging meteorological information with a view to the increase of safety in aerial navigation, have resolved to draw up an Agreement concerning mutual aid and exchange of meteorological information and, to this end, have appointed Plenipotentiaries, as follows :— The Government of Ireland, Mr. Sean MacBride, Minister for External Affairs ; His Excellency the Chief of the Spanish State and the Generalissimo of the Land, Sea and Air Forces, His Excellency Don Alonso Alvarez de Toledo y Meneos, Marques of Miraflores, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Spain in Ireland, who, having produced their Full Powers, which were found to be in good and due form, have agreed as follows :— ARTICLE 1. -
Employment & Labour
Employment & Labour Law Jurisdictional comparisons Fourth edition 2012 General Editor: Siân Keall, Travers Smith LLP General Editor Siân Keall, Travers Smith LLP Commercial Director Katie Burrington Commissioning Editor Emily Kyriacou Publishing Editor Dawn McGovern Senior Editor Caroline Pearce Sub Editor Callie Leamy Published in 2012 by Sweet & Maxwell, 100 Avenue Road, London NW3 3PF part of Thomson Reuters (Professional) UK Limited (Registered in England & Wales, Company No 1679046. Registered Office and address for service: Aldgate House, 33 Aldgate High Street, London EC3N 1DL) Printed and bound in the UK by CPI William Clowes, Beccles NR34 7TL A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-1-908239-15-0 Thomson Reuters and the Thomson Reuters logo are trademarks of Thomson Reuters. Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland. While all reasonable care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the publication, the publishers cannot accept responsibility for any errors or omissions. This publication is protected by international copyright law. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in any retrieval system of any nature without prior written permission, except for permitted fair dealing under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or in accordance with the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in respect of photocopying and/or reprographic reproduction. Application for permission for other use of copyright material including permission to reproduce extracts in other published works shall be made to the publishers. -
No Man Is an Ireland
Chapter 1 No Man Is an Ireland In This Chapter ▶ Listing what makes up Ireland ▶ Figuring out the big issues ▶ Identifying Ireland’s place in the world ost of us know bits and pieces of Irish history. When we drink green Mbeer or go parading on 17 March for example, most of us know the celebration is about St Patrick, and has something to do with snakes and the shamrock. But how much do we know about the ways in which this day became so important to Ireland and the Irish around the world? And what about the troubles in Northern Ireland? We know that the troubles involve Catholics and Protestants, and that the IRA (Irish Republican Army) has been in the middle of it all, but how did the troubles actually come about? And there’s some fourteen centuries of history between the arrival of St Patrick and the troubles! Then there’s the people. Most of us can name a few famous Irish people – Brian Boru, for example, or Michael Collins – but Irish history goes beyond these well-known names. In fact, Irish history has a cast of millions, a nearly endless list of characters who have inhabited the island over the centuries. Ireland has given the world some of the smartest people in the arts and lit- erature, some great musicians and dancers as well as a host of committed politicians and religious leaders. These people have been joined by various invadersCOPYRIGHTED and visitors as well, making things MATERIAL even more interesting. Irish history is not just the story of the great and powerful. -
The Political Economy of Housing Booms in Ireland and Spain
Building on easy money: The political economy of housing bubbles in Ireland and Spain Sebastian Dellepiane (University of Strathclyde) Niamh Hardiman (University College Dublin) Jon Las Heras (University College Dublin) The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support by the Irish Research Council for the project ‘The political economy of the European periphery’, of which this paper forms part. ECPR, Bordeaux, 4-7 September 2013 Abstract This paper undertakes a structured, focused case-study comparison of housing bubbles in Ireland and Spain, based on the selection of two most-different cases that nonetheless share a common outcome of interest. Both countries were exposed to the same set of changes in their international policy environment in the late 1990s and early 2000s, in the form of a low interest rate regime associated with the creation of European Monetary Union (EMU). The two countries have very different economic structures, different political decision- making profiles, and different relationships between the political and banking systems. Yet these two countries had the most extreme experience of housing bubbles during the 200os, and both suffered a similar construction-related economic collapse that ruined their respective banking systems after 2008. The paper argues that the decision-making taking place within their very different domestic institutional frameworks was subordinated to the fact that they shared a similar form of international vulnerability. Both were extremely open to mobile international capital during the 2000s. Their vulnerability to financialization resulted in a common experience of very rapid asset price inflation, which left both countries particularly exposed when the international financial collapse took place. -
LIST of CO-SPONSORS at the LEVEL of the THIRD COMMITTEE (Prepared by the Secretariat of the Third Committee for Reference Purposes Only; Subject to Corrections)
LIST OF RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AT ITS SIXTY-NINTH SESSION ON THE RECOMMENDATION OF THE THIRD COMMITTEE LIST OF CO-SPONSORS AT THE LEVEL OF THE THIRD COMMITTEE (Prepared by the Secretariat of the Third Committee for reference purposes only; subject to corrections) SYMBOL & MAIN SPONSOR CO-SPONSORS TITLE OF RESOLUTION ITEM 26: SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ITEM 26 (a) Implementation of the outcome of the World Summit for Social Development and of the twenty-fourth special session of the General Assembly A/RES/69/143 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Denmark, France, Greece, Italy, Kazakhstan, Luxembourg, (on behalf of the States Mexico, Montenegro, Netherlands, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, the Implementation of the outcome of the World Members of the United Nations former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey Summit for Social Development and of the that are members of the Group twenty-fourth special session of the General of 77 and China) Assembly ITEM 26 (b) Social development, including questions relating to the world social situation and to youth, ageing, disabled persons and the family A/RES/69/142 United Republic of Tanzania Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, and Philippines Barbados, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Realizing the Millennium Development Goals Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, Chile, Congo, -
Archives of the Football Association of Ireland P137 UCD Archives
Archives of the Football Association of Ireland P137 UCD Archives archives @ucd.ie www.ucd.ie/archives T + 353 1 716 7555 F + 353 1 716 1146 © 2010 University College Dublin and the Football Association of Ireland. All rights reserved ii CONTENTS CONTEXT Institutional History iv Archival History vii CONTENT AND STRUCTURE Scope and content viii System of arrangement viii CONDITIONS OF ACCESS AND USE Access ix Language ix Finding Aid ix DESCRIPTION CONTROL Archivist’s Note ix iii CONTEXT Institutional history Early years Although football was being played in Ireland since the 1860s, it was mainly based in Ulster and it was not until the 1880s that the game spread to other areas of the country. The first club outside Ulster was Dublin Association Football Club which was formed in 1883. At the time, the Irish Football Association (IFA) was the governing body. Based in Belfast, it found it difficult to promote football throughout the country. This led to the formation of the Leinster Football Association in 1892 as the game became more popular in the area. However, there was always a feeling among clubs from outside the Belfast area that the IFA favoured Ulster based clubs-especially when selecting sides for international matches. Despite this, it was not until after the 1916 Rising and the rise of Nationalism that southern affiliates, such as the Leinster FA, took an aggressive approach in their dealings with the IFA. The clubs often threatened to break away, and in early 1921, Bohemians, St. James's Gate and Shelbourne all withdrew from the Irish League, though all three sides decided to remain involved in Cup competitions. -
The Transformation of the Irish Border
Political Geography 26 (2007) 877e885 www.elsevier.com/locate/polgeo The transformation of the Irish border John Coakley a,1, Liam O’Dowd b,* a Institute for British-Irish Studies, School of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland b Centre for International Borders Research and School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK Abstract This article introduces a special issue dealing with partition and the reconfiguration of the Irish border. Notwithstanding southern nationalist refusal to accept the partition of Ireland in 1921, the border gradually consolidated its position. The article describes the transformation in relations across the Irish border which first found a place on the political agenda in the early 1970s, but which was given full institutional expres- sion only following the Good Friday agreement of 1998. This new configuration has two aspects, which seem at first sight to be in conflict with each other: it marks a new, unreserved acceptance of the legitimacy of the border by Irish nationalists (though moderated by British agreement to end partition if the two parts of Ireland so wish), and it is characterised by a significant growth in public sector bodies which span the border. Ó 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Irish border; Partition; Good Friday agreement Introduction On 8 August 2007 Northern Ireland’s First Minister, Rev Ian Paisley, a long-standing spokesman for uncompromising unionism, caused some surprise by stressing the depth of the gulf between Great Britain and Northern Ireland: there was, he said, ‘‘clear blue sea’’ between the two.