April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9699 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ILLEGAL ALIENS AT THE WIDTE oppose the Carter immigration plan. They felin, Woodard, Allshouse, Anderson HOUSE called for a general amnesty, Carter is ask­ Decker, L. Fowler, Harding, McCormick, ing amnesty for those who have lived here Phelps, Plock, Smedley, and Wham; since before 1970, a restricted 5-year amnesty also Representatives Kramer, Durham, HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK for those here since Jan. 1, 1977, and sanc­ Becker, Bledsoe, Dittemore, Eckelberry, Gor­ such, Hayes, Hefley, Hilsmeier, Lillpop, Mc­ OF OHIO tions against employers of undocumented workers. Elderry, Neale, Reeves, Schaefer, Showalter, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "We are punished by that (proposed) law Swaim, Tancredo, Waldow, Winkler, Yost, Tuesday, April 11, 1978 very much," said Manuel Maria Bernal, who, Barnhill, DeNier, Dodge, Herzberger, Jones, like several of the others at the White Spano, Younglund and Zakhem. e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, to­ House, came to work in the citrus groves of Whereas, with each passing year this na­ day's Washington Post carries a very the Southwest because he could not support tion becomes more deeply in debt as its ex­ interesting article entitled "Illegal his family in Mexico. Bernal told Costanza he penditures grossly and repeatedly exceed Aliens Received on Visit at White hoped the government would grant visas to available revenues so that the public debt House." Not unusual for Margaret Con­ workers so they may come and go as their now exceeds hundreds of billions of dollars; stanza to host them. She has been in work demands. and Other members of the conference criti­ Whereas, The annual federal budget con­ charge of the delegations of homosex­ cized the Carter plan's sanctions against em­ tinually demonstrates an unwillingness or uals, radicals, misfits, and any other ployers of illegal aliens because they believe inability of both the legislative and execu­ group that feels the liberals have not such measures-already in effect in Virginia tive branches of the federal government to liberalized the laws enough so far to and about 20 other states, and under con­ curtail spending to conform to available suit them. sideration in the District of Columbia-lead revenues; and I include the article with these re­ to discrimination against all workers with Whereas, Convinced that fiscal irresponsi­ foreign-seeming features or accents. bility at the federal level, with the inflation marks. If read closely it reveals some which results from this policy, is the greatest interesting facts. Of course, this admin­ Costanza was told that foreign nationals would prefer unionization of workers rather threat which faces our nation, we firmly be­ istration has created a new phony term than the Carter proposal. lieve that constitutional restraint is vital to to designate the illegals. They have be­ Though some labor groups have blamed bring the fiscal discipline needed to restore come "undocumented aliens." Not il­ illegal aliens for failure of some efforts to financial responsibility; and legal, just undocumented. The article unionize workers, because with the threat Whereas, under article V of the consti­ refers to one of the aliens as having been of deportation they are reluctant to oppose tution of the United States, amendments to their employers, there recently have been the federal constitution may be proposed deported four times. by the congress whenever two-thirds of both As I read the United States Code that successful strikes of undocumented workers in Arizona citrus groves. houses deem it necessary or on the applica­ makes him guilty of criminal violation tion of the legislatures of two-thirds of the of the law. Not just an illegal alien but a Lupe Sanchez, who helped organize those several states that the congress shall call person who has criminally flaunted our strikers, told a reporter that his workers won a constitutional convention for the purpose the right to blankets and bathroom facilities, of proposing amendments which shall be laws. a minimum wage, and warnings before the Five of the illegals were picked up by valid to all intents and purposes when rati­ trees under which they sleep are sprayed fied by the legislatures of three-fourths of the border patrol on their way to the with pesticide, "It is obscene," said Sanchez, the several states; now, therefore, White House Conference. Imagine that, "to have to negotiate such things." Be It Resolved by the Senate of the Fifty­ arresting them. Maybe the White House Costanza said she would visit the groves first General Assembly of the State of Colo­ can reprimand those poor people who soon. After hearing repeated charges of har­ rado, the House of Representatives concur­ try to enforce the law at the local level assment and brutality against Immigration ring herein: while it is being flaunted at the White Service agents and local police, she said she That the Congress of the United States is House by those who encourage the il­ would send a report of the meeting to the hereby memorialized to call a constitu­ legals to come into the country. Attorney General. tional convention pursuant to article V o! A spokesman for the Immigration and the constitution of the United States for Here is the article. Read it and weep: Naturalization Service said it takes "maxi­ the specific and exclusive purpose of pro­ ILLEGAL ALIENS RECEIVED ON VISIT AT mum steps to minimize brutality. But we posing an amendment to the federal con­ WHITE HOUSE can't control what the local police forces do. stitution prohibiting deficit spending ex­ (By Christopher Dickey) We don't encourage them, we discourage cept under conditions specified in such Fourteen Latin Americans were invited to them."e amendment. the White House yesterday to talk with presi­ Be It Further Resolved, that this applica­ dential assistant Margaret Costanza. tion and request be deemed null and void, Several of them had trouble identifying FIGHTING INFLATION rescinded, and of no effect in the event that themselves to get past White House security such convention not be limited to such spe­ because they are illegal aliens, without any cific and exclusive purpose. documentation that allows them to live and HON. WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG Be It Further Resolved, that copies of this work in the United States. One said he has memorial be sent to the secretary of state been deported four times. OF COLORADO and presiding officers of both houses of the The issue of documentation is what IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES legislatures of each of the several states in brought them there in the first place. Grape­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 the union, the clerk of the United States fruit pickers from Arizona, sugar cane work­ house of representatives, the secretary of ers from Louisiana, domestics and dishwash­ e Mr. ARMSTRONG. Mr. Speaker, the the United States senate, and to each mem­ ers from the District of Columbia and their Colorado General Assembly has adopted ber of the Colorado congressional delegation. representatives have been gathering since and forwarded to us a joint memorial FRED E. ANDERSON, Friday in Mt. Pleasant for a conference of calling for an amendment to the U.S. President of the Senate. the National Workers Project. Constitution to prohibit deficit spending. RONALD H. STRAHLE, Those who spoke yesterday with Costanza Speaker of the House of Representatives. vehemently attacked President Carter's pro­ As huge Federal budget deficits con­ MARJORIE L. RUTENBECK, posed immigration legislation. They also tinue and inflation lowers everyone's Secretary of the Senate. protested what they called the brutality and standard of living, this action by the LORRAINE F. LOMBARDI, harassment of the Border Patrol and police Colorado Legislature is very timely. Chief Clerk of the House of Representa­ forces in the Southwest that have been I urge my colleagues to take time to tive~. rounding up illegal aliens. read Colorado Senate Joint Memorial Five people on their way to the conference TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COLORADO GENERAL No. 1 and consider the wisdom of this ASSEMBLY from Phoenix last week were picked up by proposal. the Border Patrol in Arizona, according to a Thank you for sending me a copy of Senate spokesman for Immigration and Naturaliza­ The memorial follows: Joint Memorial No. 1 recently adopted by tion Service and members of the Project. SENATE JOINT MEMORIAL No. 1 the Colorado General Assembly. Five more, who made it into the White By Senators Strickland, Hughes, H. Fow­ Your Joint Memorial could not have been House yesterday, told Costanza. that they ler, Kinnie, MacManus, Meiklejohn, Schie!- more timely. In recent months, the spectre of

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., • 9700 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 double digit inflation has reared its ugly head to an all-time high. The rate of capital in­ ernment regulations, this is an important once again. Decisive action must be taken vestment dropped to the lowest among all subject. I hope that these dynamic busi­ now if we are to prevent a repetition of the industrial nations. stagnation and recession which devastated It is clear that unless something is done to nessmen will have as great an impact on our economy in the early 1970's. halt the federal government's wild spending Government as they have had on the Professional economists and private citizens s,pree, our economy will once again be suffer­ metals industry. It is only through the alike recognize that inflation is the greatest ing from stagfiation-double digit inflation informed action of business that the danger to our economy. Wherever I travel in and a stagnating economy. swelling Government regulatory system Colorado, this is the problem people are talk­ If we simply maintained the rate of in­ can be reduced to reasonable limits. We ing about most. Inflation imposes an flation at the current 6.7 per cent annual look forward to their visit.• especially severe hardship on the elderly, rate: people who are least able to protect them­ A home costing $55,000 today will be selves against rising prices. But young people priced at $83,000 within five years, an in­ are hurt, too, especially those who are just crease of 63 per cent; starting out and find themselves priced out of A new car that sells today for $5,000 will be HEW'S FISCAL NONSENSE the housing market. And the same is true up by 38 per cent to $6,875 within five years, of virtually every family in our state and the and nation. Inflation must be brought under A $100 electric utility blll today will be up HON. MARK W. HANNAFORD control. by 58 per cent within five years. OF CALIFORNIA Our country was recovering from the reces­ . But the costs of infiation go beyond the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sion of 1973-74 before the present Adminis­ extra bite out of American paychecks. For tration came to power. The annual rate of some it may mean no paycheck at all. In­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 inflation had been brought down to 4.8 per fiation has a devastating effect on business • Mr. HANNAFORD. Mr. Speaker, a cent by the time President Ford left office. decisions which require new capital forma­ recently proposed rulemaking by the De­ The economy was expanding and new jobs tion to create new jobs. A poll of 2,000 chief were being created. But in January of this executives indicated that only 22 per cent partment of Health, Education, and Wel­ year the rate of inflation had doubled to a of business leaders felt that now is a good fare would broaden the scope of disability whopping 9.6 per cent, and both the stock time to undertake new or expanded invest­ insurance coverage under social security. market and the international money markets ments. In view of the dire straits in which the were signalling economic distress ahead. The only sure, permanent way to put a lid social security trust funds can be found Concern a.bout the economy is not limited on inflation is to write into the Constitution today, any such proposal should be to the financial community. Recent opinion an amendment that will forbid deficit spend­ looked at carefully. But the proposal I polls make it clear the American people con­ ing, a wise provision which is already written sider inflation to be the most serious prob­ into the constitutions of 47 states, including am addressing would be considered ludi­ lem facing our country today. Colorado. While I do not personally feel it is crous even if a surplus existed in the It is not hard to pinpoint the source of ·desirable to convene a constitutional con­ social security accounts. their concern. When so-called "off-budget" vention, I completely support the kind of The Department desires to classify as borrowing is included, the Administration's amendment proposed by Senate Joint Me­ "handicapped" any individual who can­ proposed budget for the next fiscal year con­ morial No. 1. I am delighted that the Colo­ not perform simple arithmetic functions tains a deficit of $87 billion. Federal money rado General Assembly has gone on record or speak English. While I will agree that creation to paper over a deficit of that magni­ in support of such an amendment. these unfortunate individuals will ex­ tude ls certain t.o spur inflation, and federal I will insert a copy of Senate Joint "crowding out" of private borrowers in the Memorial No. l in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD perience great difficulty in the com­ money markets ls sure to slow economic along with a copy of this letter as a mean~ merce of their daily lives because of their growth. No wonder the stock market ts of alerting my colleagues in the House of shortcomings, I feel that describing them swooning, the dollar is plunging, and Representatives to the need for urgent action. as "handicapped" for purposes of receiv­ ordinary Americans are scrambling to find Sincerely, ing social security payments is an insult ways to protect their savings. WU.LIAM L. ARMSTRONG .• to the millions of truly handicapped To date, the Administration's anti-inflation persons who depend on the disability program has consisted of jawboning and insurance program. finger-pointing and precious little else. No Mr. Speaker, the Long Beach Inde­ Administration had ever talked more about BUSINESS LEARNS ABOUT pendent, Press-Telegram published a the need to stabilize prices, or so casually GOVERNMENT ignored these goals in formulating its succinct editorial analysis of the HEW policies. proposed rulemaking in its March 27 edi­ The Administration has put its st.a.J:np of HON. SAMUEL L. DEVINE tion, and I would like to share it with approval on dozens of dubious new programs OF OHIO you now. certain to spawn new inflation. Among them HEW'S FISCAL NONSENSE are: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Since January, American workers and em­ New Social Security taxes that will add Tuesday, April 11, 1978 $6.8 billion to employers' payroll costs this ployers have been paying higher Social Se­ year alone, as well as drain vitally needed e Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, it is al­ curity payroll taxes to keep the fund from purchasing power from the pockets of ways a pleasure to welcome to Washing­ going bankrupt-and the taxes wm continue consumers; to increase. ton a group of businessmen who are here Congress approved the very substantial in­ An increase in the minimum wage which to learn about their Government and how will add approximately $10 billion to the cost creases at the urging of President Carter. of doing business in this country; business and Government can work No one was particularly happy that Social Additional unemployment insurance costs together. Security taxes had to be raised, but there of $3 billion in 1978; Robert Parsons, of Reynolds Metal Co. wasn't much choice since benefits being paid Proposed new energy taxes that would, if in Richmond, is this year's president of out were more than the taxes coming in. enacted, extract $72.5 billion from the the National Coil Coaters Association, In view of this, it is incredible that the economy by 1985; Department of Health, Education and Wel­ which is conducting its Government Af­ fare is proposing new regulations which, if New oil tanker regulations which will cost fairs Seminar on April 9, 10, and 11. consumers $1 billion; permitted to become effective, would provide A 39 per cent wage increase over three NCCA consists of a remarkable group that a person who can't add or subtract, or years for coal miners, which could boost the of businessmen who have created a new is unable to speak English, or ls over 55 years price of steel and electric utility bills by at industry with a new technology-the pre­ of age may qualify for disability insurance least 10 per cent; coating of metals for a wide variety of under Social Security. Hasn't HEW heard how hard the American Restrictive import agreements on steel, uses, such as beverage cans, automobile worker and his employer have been hit by shoes, and television sets, and metal, home siding, and recreation pro­ the increases payroll taxes to keep the Social A cargo preference bill which Treasury ducts. Their imagination and business security fund solvent? How can they pro­ Secretary Blumenthal estimated would have initiative has built a multibillion-dollar pose new expenditures from the fund under added $1 billion a year to the fuel bill of industry in less than 20 years. Because such circumstances? Americans. these men have made good use of modern The proposed new disability regulations, Our economy has yet to feel the brunt of technology, their industry has been published March 7 in the Federal Register, most of these new and proposed spending say being unable to add or subtract is a dla­ programs. But in the last year alone the proven cost-effective and energy efficient. ab111ty, because "the inab111ty to perform consumer price index doubled, purchasing They are here to study "The realities simple calculations in addition and sub­ power declined, industrial production fell of Regulatory Government in Business traction would represent vocational restric­ and retail sales decreased. The dollar fell to Decisions." With so much of today's tions." an all-time low and the trade deficit grew businessman's time taken up with Gov- The regulations say further: "An lndlvtd- April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9701 ual's 1na.b111ty to communicate in English when he returned to office last Jan. 1. In took jobs from German workers. She may be a decisive factor resulting in a finding Parliament he has been able to govern with­ conceded foreign companies locating of disabled. . ." out the votes of ultranationalists. But in the here will make work for people but, she Another section states that if "an individ­ streets extremists continue their campaigns ual's physical and mental capacities are not of violent intimidation that have taken more added: consistent with making an adjustment to than 100 lives this year. There is no reason We will have to pay more taxes for the work differing from that which the individ­ to think that Mr. Ecevit himself does not conveniences for the company, such as new ual has performed in the past, it will be want to be generous so as to remove the roads. I'm not sure anyone makes out so determined that such an individual is under Cyprus problem from his crowded agenda. well. a disability." But in the prevailing political climate, con­ A housewife oppQsed the idea, prefer­ Social Security is not supposed to be a cessions that are even remotely acceptable ring the encouragement of people in this welfare program. It is supposed to be a re­ to the Greek Cypriots may be impossible. tirement program, financed by contributions And once American pressure is removed, Mr. country to open businesses- from workers and their employers. The HEW Ecevit will have even less reason to take po­ ! don't like so many coining in. proposals to expand benefit coverage do not litical risks. conform to the purpose of the system. Secretary Vance emphasized the strains One man noted there are two sides to Congress should take another look at the that the limits on arms shipments impose on the issue- Social Security system and, instead of in­ Turkish politics and Turkey's links to NATO. If people in the U.S. are going to buy for­ creasing payroll taxes, should rescind some of But he glossed over the comparable strains eign products they may as well buy ones the projected tax boosts. One way to do this on Greek politics, and Greece's links to manufactured here. would be to strip away benefits such as Medi­ NATO, if removal of the restrictions is not care and public welfare programs which are accompanied by a satisfactory outcome on But, he also cautioned: not properly a part of Social Security. Cyprus. Greece is no less important to Foreign buying is getting out of hand. At the very least, it should dump HEW's NATO's southern fiank than Turkey. Any proposed new rules, which are fiscal Mr. Speaker, I, too, am concerned lest bargain that "saves" Turkey for the alliance encouragement of foreic;n investors lead nonsense.e at the cost of losing Greece would be hollow indeed. And if, as is likely, Congress should to encroachment on our ability to con­ refuse to ease the limits on Turkey, the Ad­ trol our own economy. It is for this rea­ TAKING A CHANCE ON TURKEY ministration's present approach risks alien­ son I have advocated reasonable limita­ ating both countries. tions on foreign investments in the Turkish's spokesmen decry what they see United States, permitting the investor a HON. JOSHUA EILBERG as an American tilt toward Greece, and they fair return on his money but preventing OF PENNSYLVANIA say that they only want Americans to be his control of U.S. industries or busi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "even-handed." Yet in the present Cyprus ness.• situation, removing the arms limits would Tuesday, April 11, 1978 amount to a tilt toward Turkey. So long as • Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, in plac­ Ankara's troops remain where they are on SOVIETS IMPOSE SEVERE PENAL­ ing an embargo on the shipment of arms the island, Congress should retain the only TIES ON HELSINKI WATCHERS from the United States to Turkey, this leverage it has.e House has registered its protest against the denial of human rights on Turkish­ HON. PAUL SIMON occupied Cyprus, and on the continued PUBLIC OPINION ON FOREIGN OF ll.LINOIS presence of Turkish troops on that is­ INVESTMENT HERE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES land. Tuesday, April 11, 1978 Now, we _are being asked by the ad­ ministration to lift our embargo, in the HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS • Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, while West­ expectation that by restoring our sup­ OF PENNSYLVANIA ern public opinion focuses its attention port for arms to Turkey, she will with­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on the upcoming Shcharansky trial,· So­ draw her troops on Cyprus and allow viet authorities have quietly been met­ countless Greek refugees to return to Tuesday, April 11, 1978 ing out so-called "justice" to the other their homes. • Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the steady members of Helsinki watch groups The New York Times of Sunday, April increase in foreign investment in the throughout the Soviet Union. On March 9, commented on President Carter's United States also is attracting growing 29, 1978, the two founding members of plans, and in a precise fashion pointed public attention. In many cases the for­ the Ukrainian Helsinki group, Mykola out that this bet "may be a bad one." eign investor is being wooed to locate Matusevych and Myroslav Marynovych, I quite agree, Mr. Speaker, that Con­ here. Recently, the governor of Pennsyl­ were each condemned to 7 years in gress would be taking a large gamble, vania made a special trip to Japan for labor camps and 5 years of internal especially in light of the political climate that specific reason. exile for "anti-Soviet agitation" follow­ in Turkey which makes it difficult for Upon his return, the Standard-Obser­ ing a trial which, by all standards, was President Ecevit to make concessions. I ver of Irwin, Pa., conducted a survey a mockery of justice. offer for the RECORD the following com­ among some of its readers to gain their The week-long trial, conducted behind mentary from the New York Times: reaction to the idea. I will insert into closed doors so neither friends nor fam­ TAKING A CHANCE ON TuRKEY the RECORD extracts of their responses. ily could attend, culminated 11 long months the two Ukrainians spent in Secretary of State Vance told Congress last One young lady comme~ted: forced isolation after their arrest on Thursday that if only it would lift' its re­ I'm a little skeptical . . . The U.S. made strictions on shipments of American arms to so many concessions for Volkswagen (a plant April 23, 1977. Turkey, the Turks and Turkish Cypriots located near New Stanton, Pa.). I think we Matusevych, 31 years old, and Mary­ would put forward new proposals for a should give some assistance to small busi­ novych, 28, founded the Ukrainian group Cyprus settlement. He may be right. But the ness in this country. That would be more in November 1976, a few months after issue is not whether there will be new pro­ beneficial and fair to citizens here. the formation of the Moscow group to posals. Rather, it is whether the proposals Promote Observance of the Helsinki Ac­ will move Turkish troops back from the 40 A young man observed: percent of Cyprus they now occupy to a zone We should take care of our own first. cords. Since November, the group in more nearly proportional to the 18 percent Ukraine has issued over 20 reports on of the island's population that is Turkish. He pointed out the United States has Helsinki implementation and has wit­ Secretary Vance is thus asking Congress to many problems and encouraging foreign nessed six of its members arrested over join him in betting that once the American business to settle here primarily benefits the past year. restrictions are removed, the Turkish Gov­ them. I find it increasingly difficult to under­ ernment of Prime Minister Ecevit will be It will not be a general benefit to people stand why courageous young men, whose able to make large concessions that could here; just to the ones who work there, just a only "crime" is to treat seriously their not be made while the limits remain. few. The bet may be a bad one. In Turkey's government's signature on an interna­ politics, no time ls a good time for conceding Another young lady said a German tional agreement, must spend years suf­ territory to Greek Cypriots. And Mr. Ecevit's friend of hers objected to the Volks­ fering for their humanity. Or why a na­ position seems less strong now than it did wagen plant in New Stanton because it tion which calls itself civilized continues 9702 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 19 7 8 ~ I to perpetrate with impunity these true The staggering cost of meeting regulations has grown dramatically over the past few falls first upon the affected industry and its decades-both because the potential rewards crimes against its citizens. customers, and only later does the impact for success have increased enormously and If we do not speak out now against begin to be felt by the society at large in because the penalties for failure have taken the illegality of these men's trial, if we terms of general price rises, slower economic on terrifying proportions. At the same time, do not speak out against this flagrant growth and fewer jobs. e the task has become more complex, because violation of Helsinki pledges to -which of global population growth, enlargement of Brezhnev himself signed his name, if we the world family of nations, and technologi­ do not protest Soviet neglect of their cal development. own laws, then we ourselves become ac­ HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE NEED FOR Just about everyone subscribes to the prop­ complices through our silence. A PEOPLE-ORIENTED APPROACH osition that world understanding is a good thing and that we need more of it. But how Soviet authorities have just begun to TO U.S. FOREIGN RELATIONS often do we stop to think about what--in punish the 55 imprisoned Helsinki fact--we mean by understanding and how watch group members, but already the it might best be achieved. Certainly we cruel arm of Soviet justice has clearly HON. DON BONKER must go beyond a simple analysis of each been raised. For the sake of all the dozen OF WASHINGTON other's motives or the learning of a few others awaiting tl1eir fate, we must reg­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pertinent facts about the history and culture of other societies. Learning is too often mis­ ister the strongest protest against the Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 illegality and immorality of this recent taken for understanding, knowledge for wis­ Soviet action.• •Mr. BONKER. Mr. Speaker, in my dom. Learning and knowledge are a process judgment, in several instances U.S. for­ and an achievement of the mind, and we need them. But understanding and wisdom eign policy reverses have been caused by involve a spiritual commitment as well. If our preoccupation with winning the fa­ we are to achieve true world understanding vor of governments, rather than identi­ HENRY FORD, ll ON REGULATION we must make that spiritual commitment. fying with the plight of people who suf­ We must go beyond tolerance and accommo­ fer under the arbitrary rule of these gov­ dation to genuine respect and a hospitality ernments. This government-centered of the mind and spirit. HON. JAMES M. COLLINS approach has always appeared somewhat In his recently published study on man's OF TEXAS ironic to me, since our country's guiding origins Richard Leakey• has offered the hy­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pothesis that humans can probably best be philosophy is that a nation's legitimacy defined as cooperating animals. That hypoth­ Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 is derived from the consent of those gov­ esis-as opposed to the older and more popu­ erned. This philosophy is particularly lar theory which Konrad Lorenz argued­ •Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, important in Third World countries, that we are essentially aggressors-seems to Henry Ford II has made some excellent whose governments are marked by me a much better term for defining us, even analytical statements in recent years. chronic instability. People, not govern­ if it yet awaits final scientific validation. For His concise views on "the High Cost of ments, provide the continuity needed to while our record in the area of cooperation Regulation" sums up this situation. In keep nations and states intact. may be a spotty one, it strikes me that man the recent March 20 issue of Newsweek, has applied himself more consistently in they have a 1-page visitors' editorial. In President Carter's human rights policy that direction than otherwise. It remains for this issue it was the statement of Henry represents in spirit an effort to move to­ us to find ways to improve on the balance, Ford II, chairman of the board of the ward a closer identification with the in­ and that is where world understanding must terests and welfare of people ruled by take its place In the forefront of world prior­ Ford Motor Co. ities. It has advanced from being a desirable Inflation is the number one problem repressive governments. This is a very welcome development in my opinion. goal to the status of an imperative. in America but the average citizen does Over the past three decades the prolifera­ not know that one of the primary causes However, as currently applied, the Pres­ tion of nations in the world family has been of inflation is the expensive and costly ident's human rights policy continues to accompanied by an intensifying of inter­ requirements of regulation and over­ vacillate between a people-oriented ap­ national relations. Politically, economically regulation by Congress. proach, and an approach fixed on a rath­ and socially, our affairs have become pro­ Henry Ford II puts the issue squarely er short-term identification with particu­ gressively more interwoven. on the back of Government. He is ab­ lar governments on behalf of narrowly That process of intensifioation continues solutely right and here in Congress I ask conceived "national security" criteria. today and can be expected to continue well During a recent visit to the Hom of into the future. The interests of nations and, that my colleagues review the sound perhaps more to the point, the interests of commonsense remarks that he has made. Africa, I noted that this latter approach, the individuals who live in those nations, are The entire statement is profound, but which was used in Ethiopia under pre­ all of a piece in the modern world. That I am quoting only a few of the more vious administrations, was detrimental to reality poses certain problems, but it also fundamental paragraphs of the News­ long-term U.S. interests. The United offers a vast array of opportunities for us to week statement on regulation by Henry States faced a similar situation in the work together in designing a. better life for Ford ll: former Portuguese territories. Will this a.11 the world's people. Perhaps it's only a coincidence that the senario now be repeated elsewhere, in The div1sion of International affairs Into recent period of rapidly rising government time, in countries such as Iran? fields we designate as polltical, economic or spending and roughshod regulation also has socla.l is one we construct arbitra-rlly for the Mr. Speaker, the American Ambassa­ sake of analysis. That division is frequently been a time of high unemployment, slow dor to Kenya, Wilber J. Le Melle, gave productivity improvement, soaring govern­ dimcult to maintain. Nevertheless, each na­ ment deficits and unprecedented peacetime an eloquent presentation last fall on the tion does have its own peculiar array of po­ inflation. But I don't believe it's a coinci­ relationship between promoting better litical, economic and social institutions, each dence at all. Despite a mounting record of human understanding and advancing hu­ shaped by a unique set of historical circum­ failure and frustration, our leaders have man rights. I now ask that Ambassador stances. It is vital to the achievement of failed to grasp the fact that too much gov­ Le Melle's remarks be placed in the REC­ world understanding that we understand not just how we acquired these institutions and ernment inevitably leads to economic decay. ORD, as they emphasize elements which It is obvious to everyone--or should be­ I believe should increasingly be given how they function but, more importantly, that the more government spends, the less that we realize, as well, that the people who wealth is left for productive investment as priority in U .s. foreign policy today. created them and who compose them were well as for private consumption. The remarks follow: and are essentially the same. But I am arguing with the tendency to WORLD UNDERSTANDING AND HUMAN RIGHTS In a world of cultural diversity it is en­ sanctify each goal-to seek instant perfec­ Mr. Chairman, Rotarians, ladies and couraging to see people exhibiting growing tion with little regard for costs and con­ gentlemen. Your invitation to meet with appreciation for cultures not their own. So sequences. you today to discuss a subject of such im­ long kept apart by ignorance and misunder­ There is a real danger that regulation will mense importance as world understanding standing, people are now being drawn to­ continue to feed upon regulation and become was a particularly welcome one. The search gether by the desire to share the cultural not so much a means to an end as an end for understanding between and among so­ wealth that springs so copiously from every in itself. With the labyrinth of regulations, cieties and nations is as old as those insti­ society. In America, every major university many in Washington and elsewhere find tutions. Diplomats-along with artists and and many of the smaller ones have faculties themselves possessed of a power greater in teachers, scholars and scientists-have a some respects than that of the Congress or particular responsibiUty in carrying on that *Richard Leakey and Roger Lewin, Ori­ state legislatures. search. Our sense of urgency in this quest gins, MacDonald and Jane's, London, 1977. April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9703 devoted to the teaching of the historical and cans did not invent human rights, nor have We are convinced that a consensus is tak­ cultures of other lands-and the students we been altogether consistent in observing ing shape among the people of the world, a are flocking to them. The same is true in them. In proclaiming the human rights doc­ sense that the time has come for human many countries other than mine, and it is a trine as a central part of U.S. foreign policy, beings-all of us-to move toward the attain­ heartening thing to see. In this era of rapid President Carter made clear that we are sub­ ment of a common dignity, a common sense and easy travel, people are going to other ject to--and prepared to accept---crlticism. of man's heritage, and a common sense that countries to study, to engage in commerce, So we recognize the problem as being a uni­ the degradation of one human being degrades and most often just to share in another cul­ versal one. Because the problem is universal, all humankind. ture. Peoples once divided by a kind of fear and because it touches so intimately on the Over one hundred years ago President engendered by ignorance and misunderstand­ quality of every individual human being's Abraham Lincoln said, "A nation cannot ex­ ing are beginning to lose that fear through existence, it is the core issue in seeking world ist, part slave and part free." Under his lead­ knowing each other. In this world of many understanding. The American conviction ership America abolished the institution of cultures, growing social intercourse is having that global acceptance of certain fundamen­ slavery. A similar statement might well be its effect---and the effect is a major contribu­ tal human rights is essential to a peaceful made today with regard to the community of tion toward world understanding. An un­ and cooperative relationship among the nations. The community of nations cannot happy note in this regard is that some na­ world's nations ls accompanied by another exist, part respecting fundamental human tions oontinue to throw up barriers designe.d conviction. That ls that such an understand­ rights and part denying them. to frustrate that seemingly natural human ing ls achievable. The doctrine of human rights is present in urge to know one another. We can only hope Clearly, if the doctrine of human rights U.S. foreign policy because our government that efforts now being made to breach those ls to become universally accepted and uni­ and our people see no other way in which barriers will some day succeed. That would versally applied, it must be defined. What the community of nations can take form and constitute another major step toward the then are these fundamental rights of which be sustained. We seek to establish a common knowledge that we are all one people. we speak? President Carter has said that they bond of understanding and respect upon A prerequisite to the achievement of which nations can find a new kind of rela­ world understanding-and to the enrich­ are "to speak without fear, to have a chance tionship-a relationship in which the com­ ment of the human condition that it would to express one's political belief, to seek dif­ mon goal is the cooperative pursuit of the herald-is the commitment of national gov­ ferent employment without interference by betterment of the human condition, a bet­ ernments to that end. Perhaps owing to the government, not to be dominated by omcials ter life for all men.e diversity of the American people themselves, who have power, not to be imprisoned with­ the United States Government made that out adequate charge and not to be tortured." commitment long ago. Our people are free to Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, elaborating on the doctrine, said that "man has a right come and go as they please and our doors ADMINISTRATION PHONYNESS ON remain open to the world. Scholars, teach­ to be free from government's violations of ers, students, artists, and journalists from the integrity of the person, the right to the PANAMA CANAL ISSUE IS SHOWN all lands come to our country in an unending fulfillment of such vital needs as food, shel­ stream and are welcome there, just as our ter, health care and education, and the right people go abroad in ever greater numbers. to enjoy civil and political liberties." Now HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Having never been closed; our doors have those rights would appear to be sufficiently OF OHIO not required opening. But it is more than fundamental for any reasonable purpose. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They are clearly defined and they are uni­ a passive commitment. We have done much Tuesday, April 11, 1978 to promote cultural exchange-the flow of versal in the sense that just about any in­ knowledge, ideas and understanding. dividual, anywhere in the world, would want e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the In actively committing itself to the pro­ them for himself. They are those rights raging controversy over the DeConcini motion of cooperation and understanding which are most basic and fundamental, and about which there is general agreement, or reservation shows many things but among nations, the U.S. Government created above all it shows the sheer phonyness a whole new family of agencies designed to what the scholastic philosophers used to call, work toward that end. The Fulbright-Hayes a sensus communis. Where the concept gets of the Carter administration's position Act gave rise to the Bureau of Cultural Af­ into trouble ls in the fact that there are and the charade it has gone through to fairs within the Department of State. It is those who, while clearly arrogating these sell the canal treaty to the public. this Bureau that funds the Fulbright rip:hts to themselves, would deny them to Simply stated, the DeConcini amend­ scholarships, the International Visitors pro­ others. ment which passed the Senate says that gram and a number of other activities that When the Carter Administration elected to the United States has a right to inter­ work toward helping Americans and people include basic human rights as an integral vene militarily in Panama at any time of other nations to see each other as they part of U.S. foreign policy it became inevi­ to keep the canal open. The President are, and to work together in seeking under­ table that an old ghost would be raised. The standing of each other's ways. The United question is being asked-from within the has consistently maintained that we States Information Agency, the Agency for United States as well as from without-­ could protect our interests and keep the International Development, the Peace whether the human rights doctrine isn't an­ canal open. One difficulty-like most Corps-all are living, functioning institu­ other effort to universalize what might be liberals he wanted to say that was so to tions dedicated to the proposition that peo­ termed "American morality" as a basis for get the votes but he did not want it in ple from all cultural and historical back­ arranging the relations between nations. writing to make it fact what he argued grounds can-and must---work together. The Those who raise this question may be look­ in generalities. commitment that led to the creation and ing back warily to the nineteen-fifties-to How dumb can we be? I have pointed sustained support of these institutions the height of the cold war when a "new springs from the American conviction that, moralism" was injected into U.S. foreign out on numerous occasions the charade in order to survive and to progress, people policy with ultimate disastrous results. Obvi­ that has been going on. Panamanians must cooperate in identifying common goals ously that moralist world view, which di­ look at language one way and we look at and achieving them. Because of that con­ vided the causes of nations as either good it another. The President assures the viction, there are many exchanges that take or bad and left no morally justifiable room skeptical American public one thing, the place outside of omcial circles and usually for neutralism and non-alignment, is some­ Panamanian dictator and the Panama­ with little or no governmental participation. thin~ quite apart from the Carter Adminis­ nian people something else. In effect, each Apart from omcial government support tration's stand on human rights. side gets to hear what it wants to hear, for international exchanges, a large number I believe that even a cursory examination certainly nothing unusual for Washing­ of private American institutions-educa­ of the human rights doctrine should allay ton liberals. tional, cultural and philanthropical-are any fears that the United States is revert­ also active in the international field and ing to the narrow parochialism of cold war The Washington Post dutifully plays contribute tremendously to the flow of mentality. We have left that behind us. The along with this ploy. In today's edition knowledge and understanding between the human rights doctrine, far from being a man­ this liberal newspaper has a front page United States and other countries. The im­ ifestation of American self-righteousness, is story with this paragraph in a lead portance of the latter, small group of insti­ quite simply the acceptance by the United story: States of, in the words of Zbignlew Brzezin­ tutions is that they enjoy greater flexibility Yesterday, administration omcials began and in some instances more latitude in pro­ ski, "an idea whose time has come." As Mr. gramming which happily compliments the Brzezinski has further pointed out, "through­ courting DeConcini's staff in preparation for out the world, because of higher literacy, bet­ an attempt to somehow clarify the meaning more formally focused governmental efforts. of the reservation in order to placate Pana­ The same fundamental conviction that has ter communications and a closer sense of in­ terdependence, people are demanding and manian opinion, which reportedly has been led to American efforts-both omcial and inflamed over thi~ issue in recent days. private-to seek cooperation and under­ asserting their human rights." In champion­ standing among peoples has led us to the ing the cause of human rights America, In Washington doubletalk, Carter position we have taken on fundamental hu­ rather than attempting to draw lines of con­ doubletalk, what does that mean? man rights in international affairs. Ameri- flict, is seeking to dispel them. Simple. The DeConcini amendment CXXIV--611-Part 8 9704 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 means what it says it means. State De­ a neutron bomb is to invoke Hiroshima the United States was alone in showing a partment appeasers and compromisers clouds. Whereas enhancing radiation, which consistent desire to limit nuclear experimen­ will somehow try to come up with a cha­ is all that a neutron bomb does, simply tation. intensifies the heat, as the words suggest. It would be easy to put the Soviet Union rade that will convince Americans that For reasons that should be irrelevant to on the spot about its SS-20 missile. Why it means one thing, the Panamanians this analysis but are not, the neutron bomb don't we do it? something else. is, taxonomically, a member of the nuclear The time ls opportune. And it is not lr- . No wonder this administration has so family. That is, atom-splitting of some sort or relevant to the Panama Canal debate, which little confidence among the American other goes on in order to make an ER give. bangs on the question whether we have a people. No wonder the U.S. Senate has so What is of course relevant isn't what makes determined commander-in-chief. little confidence either.• it go, but what then happens. But this the Soviet Union does not permit us to discuss, (From the Wall Street Journal, Apr. 1, 1978) preferring to talk about the ER's as though FECKLESS DECISION-MAKING they were an advanced form of hydrogen bomb, to be despised by all decent, industri­ President Carter's deferral of the en­ THE NEUTRON BOMB DECISION ous and well-intentioned men. hanced-radiation warhead raises basic ques­ Now General Haig's press ccnference is tions about the decision-making process in twice important. First because it brought his admlnistrtaion. If the Secretary of State, HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL attention to the military need for the new Secretary of Defense and National Security OF ILLINOIS ER's. Over at the other end, the Warsaw Adviser all favored production, from whom IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Pact has developed the frightful SS-20 mis­ ls Mr. Carter taking his advice? sile, capable of blowing up an entire meg­ The decision itself, first of all, has to be Tuesda'!f, April 11, 1978 alopolis, and has trained these on NATO tar­ recognized for what it is, a significant step e Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, William gets. Specifically, one SS-20 missile ls, to backward in European defense. The military quote Haig, "2,000 times more devastating in balance on the central front is already dire, F. Buckley, Jr., recently wrote an infor­ and the enhanced radiation/reduced blast mative and incisive column about the explosive consequences." The intensive prop81Janda war waged by warhead was intended to help deter Soviet controversy over the neutron bomb. the Soviet Union against the deployment of adventurism by giving the a.mes a more ef­ Demolishing the myths of those who do the neutron bomb ls extremely easy for any fective and more credible counter to huge not want it deployed in Europe, Buckley student of Soviet rhetoric to transcribe. It tank armies. While Mr. Carter covered his Point.s out that no less an expert than says "You may not deploy one because we decision with just enough wamlng to appear NATO Comdr. Gen. Alexander Haig has haven't got one." indecisive, he bas put off this promising op­ recently held a press conference in What the Soviets have is a huge, highly portunity indefinitely. Washington to clear up misconceptions mobile concentration of the world's top mili­ Polltically the decision seems certain to tary machines. The Warsaw Pact has 31 ar­ nip the new coalescence of NATO that has about this weapon. mored divisions; we have 11. They have 36 started to bud in the last year. Especially Buckley quite correctly point.s out infantry divisions, we have 18. What do we so since Mr. Carter made his decision just that the Soviet Union has launched a do when the juggernaut begins to rumble? when the West German government had at massive propaganda barrage against We can fl.re some ER's, that's what: and the American urging agreed to take the initia­ the neutron bomb, distorting its etiect.s effect would be devastating against a motor- · tive in asking deployment. Mr. Carter shoved and trying to portray it as a weapon ized division moving toward you. Chancellor Schmidt out on llmb, and then that will increase the horror of war. To That being the case, as General Haig sawed it off behind him. American diplomatic the contrary, the neutron bomb act.s stresses, the ER's would enhance the deter­ standing in Europe probably cannot be re­ rent credibll1ty of the NATO defense forces. paired in Mr. Carter's presidency, with effects first of all as the primary deterrent to And that having been done, the risk of their that wm reach far beyond the field of atomic war in Europe. In case it ever was having to be used ls minimized. It would weapons. needed it would give the NA TO allies be otherwise 1! the Warsaw Pack countries And for what? The notion that unilater­ a weapon that would enable them to began suddenly to move and, in self defense, ally stopping U.S. armaments wm lead to stop the attack of the Warsaw Pact we fiew in and began to fire the ER's. Soviet restraint ls childish, and in any event tank forces. At the same time it would Now the Haig conference is otherwise in­ the weapon was needed to counter what the not bring about the widespread destruc­ teresting. Early in his administration Presi­ Soviets have already done, not what they tion that result.s from "dirty" nuclear dent Carter made it very clear, by his will do in the future. Once you understand summary treatment of General Singlaub in that the "neutron bomb" wm not produce weapons now in place in NATO South Korea, that Carter does not wish gen­ more atomic radiation than the warheads it countries. erals to disagree with their commander-in­ wm replace, only less blast and heat, any I think that when the story of the chief publicly. Of all mmtary men, Haig ls moral dimen::lon ls hard to discern. In short, neutron bomb controversy is finally probably the most experienced in presiden­ Mr. Carter's decision is so spectacularly bad written, the role of Soviet propaganda tial vanities, crotchets, and guile. It is one has to wonder how it came about. will amaze even the most knowledgeable likelier than not that Carter either put Haig In speculating about this, we would cer­ of Kremlin watchers. To put it briefly, up to the press conference in question, to tainly not exonerate those omclals who did the Soviet Union's propaganda campaign drum up support for the ER's; or that Haig back the ER/RB warhead. Cabinet officials persuaded Carter that the time had come to have a responslblllty not only to take sensible against the neutron bomb has been deliver such an analysis. worth 10 divisions the Soviet.s. positions, but to advocate those positions to After all, several of our ames in Europe, forcefully enough to educate the President The Wall Street Journal, April 11, including one or two who are inclined to get broadly and deeply. It's nearly impossible 1978, published an editorial pointing themselves overrun from the east every gen­ for us to believe that Mr. Carter's decision out the folly of the administration's eration or so and only then call on United could have been made by a President who decision and reminds us that in this States assistance, have been squeamish truly understood the likely diplomatic costs; administration "defense advocacy is about deploying the neutron bomb on their for that matter, we marvel that it could be weak, disarmament impulses are inbred territory. made by a President who understood even Haig's press conference served a twin pur­ the technical warhead effects. To the extent and the President is apparently pose. To Congress he was saying: the neutron presidential incomprehension played a part susceptible to moralizing sermons." bomb restores parity in Europe and so di­ in the decision, Mr. Vance. Mr. Brown and At this time I would like to place in minishes the posslb111ty of war; and to Mr. Brzezinski bear their share of the blame. the RECORD "Soviet.s Hate Neutron Europe he was saying, Act your age, free The second point that needs to be made Bomb", by William F. Buckley, Jr., from yourselves of the pull of Soviet cant, and concerns the administration's knee-jerk at­ the Peoria Journal-Star, Wednesday, recognize where your own interests lie. titude toward arms control, and the at­ April 5, 1978, and "Feckless Decision­ The explosive reaction early in the year by mosphere this lends to decision-making. The M&king", Wall Street Journal, April 11, Brezhnev to the neutron bomb needs to be three advisers above put aside, the adminis­ dealt with more thoroughly by the White tration is full of people who have devoted 1978: House. Brezhnev's blast, for one thing, af­ their lives to opposing U.S. weapons pro­ SoVIETS HATE NEUTRON BOMB fected the thinking of the Central African grams. The President himself talks of other­ (By William F. Buckley, Jr.) Republic, Chad, Mexico, and the National worldly goals such as the complete elimina­ Just over a week ago General Alexander Council of Churches. That may not seem tion of nuclear arms. In such surroundings Haig, who heads the North Atlantic Treaty like much, but it ls a leg up. arms control becomes not merely one means Organization, told a Pentagon news confer­ Brezhnev deserves such an answer as Khru­ of enhancing national security; disarmament ence that the Pesldent should poceed to de­ shchev on one occasion got from Senator becomes a cause transcending national se­ ploy "ER's," which ls the term the technical Dodd when Khrushchev was critical of the curity. folk use to signify "neutron bombs." There U.S. resumption of nuclear testing: detailed Finally, we hear that Mr. Carter's initial are reasons not merely mincing, but sclen­ comparison of the behavior of the two na­ decision to stop development of the warhead t11lc, for making the distinction. To speak of tions a reading of which left no doubt that followed a stem-winder from UN Ambassa- April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9705 dor Andrew Young, saying that if the weapon 1960s often battled what he regarded as by Xerox Corp. for sales positions la.st year, were deployed he could not defend the U.S. Congress's slowness in recognizing national 31 %-<>r 419-were women. IBM says its position tn the forthcoming UN special ses­ consensus. female sales force has doubled since 1974. sion on disarmament. As precipitating inputs He scorns the backbench rebellion against "They're not soft,'' reports Jack Coke, a go, we suppose this ls better than divine reve­ social security taxes as "simply . . . a reac­ personnel officer at Computer Sciences, who lation, but barely so. The UN session obvi­ tion to a public reaction,'' and brands the debunks the idea that women are "llloglcal ously has the administration in a tizzy, see farm bill as an "unanalyzed, undigested, in­ and intuitive." A Los Angeles recruiter adds below. And when disarmament at the UN consistent" response to "what the farmers they a.re "better organized and more em­ outweighs defense of Europe, an administra­ have done" by lobbying. pha. tic" than men. While their sales aggres­ tion's priorities are at best capricious. A middle-ranking Republican in the House, siveness ls sometimes misinterpreted by men, Happily, · the Founding Fathers gave us four-term Rep. Bill Frenzel of Minnesota, officials say, women can overcome the prob­ more than one branch of government. If the chides his younger colleagues for over­ lem of sexual advances by being well-in­ administration cannot come up with proc­ eensitivity. formed and conducting theinselves profes­ esses that produce cogent decisions, Congress "To them a. dozen letters ls a. consensus, sionally. wlll have to bear more responslbillty than and 15 phone calls is a. mandate," he says. The trend hasn't touched all industries. usual. A good place to start would be re­ "The Congress has changed . . . from a Makers of heavy industrial products say few versing the decision on the ER/EB warhead. stable, almost inbred body to one of inex­ women seem interested in sales jobs with Even more important, if a strategic arms perience and whimsy." them. agreement ls reached. the Senate will have Whether it ls "whimsy" or being more to remember that it comes from an admin­ clcsely attuned to the changing moods of Computer Sciences Corp. was founded istration where defense advocacy ls weak, constituents, the new congressional behavior in 1959 and was one of the first com­ disarmament impulses are inbred and the appears rooted in several recent changes on panies organized to provide computer President is apparently susceptible to moral­ Capitol Hill. services. Today it is a leader in the de­ izing sermons. The Senate wlll have to de­ MORE MARGINAL MEMBERS cide whether this process will produce better velopment and implementation of com­ judgments in SALT than it has on the en­ Most of the 75 Democratic freshmen elected puter-communications systems tech­ to the House in 1974, and many of the 47 nology. hanced radiation warhead.e elected in 1976, captured previously Repub­ lican sea.ts-often by whisker-thin margins. Under the leadership of William R. To hold these marginal seats, they tend to Hoover, chairman and president of CSC, be more responsive to day-to-day soundings not only has the company achieved rec­ CONGRESS TOO RESPONSIVE? of folks back home than to congressional ord net income and revenue levels, but leaders, the president, or a consistent politi­ it has made great strides forward in cal ideology. opening industrial sales to women.• HON. PAUL SIMON INEXPERIENCE OF U.LINOIS Nearly one-third of the Senate (29 of 100 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES members) and more than one-third of the House (156 of 435 members) are newcomers GOVERNMENTAL INTERVENTION Tuesday, April 11, 1978 serving only their first or second terms. Many e Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, the Chris­ are in elective office for the first time. tian Science Monitor recently had an They have had little experience in evaluat­ HON. WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG ing, coping with, or reshaping the views of OF COLORADO article headed "Congress: Now Too Re­ constituents--or even resisting them, states­ sponsive to Voters?" manlike, for a. locally unpopular stance in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It poses some basic questions, and I the national interest. think those of us who serve in these halls Tuesday, April 11, 1978 POTENT GRASS-ROOTS LOBBYINGS e Mr. ARMSTRONG. Mr. Speaker, a should reflect on its basic message: The most effective interest-group pressure CONGRESS: Now Too RESPONSIVE TO VOTERS? increasingly comes not from professional few days ago I read with utmost inter­ (By Peter C. Stuart) Washington lobbyists, but from orchestrated est an article by Carl A. Gerstacker, Congress criticized throughout the years appeals generated among a lawmaker's own chairman of the board of Dow Chemical of the civil rights movement and Vietnam constituents, who a.re more difficult to ignore. Co. from 1960 to 1976. I only wish that war for being "unresponsive" to the national The recent House defeat of the proposed every businessman would read and reflect mood, now stands accused of an odd, new federal consumer protection agency-passed upon Mr. Gerstacker's thought-provok­ charge: being "to responsive." in the three preceding Congresses~ame, for ing message. I certainly hope that each Once an isolated, slow-moving institution example, after congressmen were peppered of my colleagues in the House will do so: that often seemed impervious to public opin­ with letters, phone calls, and visits from WHEN IT COMES TO GOVERNMENT ion, Congress, the critics charge, now has be­ local businessmen organized by the U.S. INTERVENTION come a mercurial, fickle body that overreacts Chamber of Commerce.e to the slightest pressure from voters. (By Carl A. Gersta.cker) The apparent transformation, a long time Many papers a.re a. waste of time of the in the making, is capped by recent volatile audience or writer, or both. I don't want this behavior that has stunned some of the law­ COMPUTER SCIENCES CORPORA­ to happen here. I warn you, when you put makers who were once most impatient with this down to turn to whatever's next, I ex­ Capitol Hill's old obstructionist ways. TION: OPEN TO WOMEN pect you to be thinking and discussing what's In the past few hectic weeks, this Con­ been said. I hope I shall upset your concen­ gress has: tration, so if you mess things up today, blame HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN Gersta.cker. I'm going to state my theme early Rebelled, in apparently unstoppable num­ OF CALIFORNIA bers in the House of Representa ti ves, against and then develop it in a. way that, I hope, the increases in social security payroll taxes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wlll give you the feeling that you have a lot which the same Congress approved barely Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 of soul searching to do. Here it ls: When it three months ago. The tax hikes are now comes to governmental intervention should likely to be rolled back. • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, we hear we fight to the bitter end on issues-win or lose totally-or should we compromise and Enacted, in a Senate besieged by striking so much criticism about what is and is not being done in the area of sex dis­ try to salvage something? farmers, a farm b111 that combines two seem­ Twenty-two years from now, in the year ingly contradictory approaches for raising crimination, that I would like to take 2000, will there be private corporations as farm income. this opportunity of calling to my col­ we know them? I don't know! But the way Threatened to revoke long-term security league's attention the achievements of we now make judgments on whether to com­ aid to South Korea, a major American ally in Computer Sciences Corp., headquartered promise or fight wlll go a. long way toward a militarily unstable region, over a short­ in El Segundo, Calif. answering that question. term investigation of Korean influence­ Now for some anecdotes. buylng which causes political embarrassment The Wall Street Journal of March 28 carried the following news article on I have a. friend from the country of India, in a congressional election year. A House vote Jeh Tata. He was the first Indian to become on the aid looms next month. Computer Sciences Corp.: a commercial pilot. He started Air India and To the congressmen involved, of course, Industrial sales, like many other fields, ls the government later nationalized the airline. such unpredlctab11ity ls not flightiness but opening up to women. Jeh ls now Chairman of the Boa.rd of the the solemn duty of any politician to (in the Computer Sciences Corp., El Segundo, government-owned Air India.. Recently I words of one) "listen to your constituents." Calif., had only four female marketing and heard Jeh lamenting the nationalizing of Others are more skeptical. One of them is customer-service reps five years ago. Today more Indian industry and I said, "Jeh, I don't Sen. Edmund S. Muskie (D) of Maine, who one of its sales divisions has 50 women on a understand why you work so hard to make as part of a band of junior liberals in the 200-person staff. Of about 1,200 people hired Air India successful. You are supporting the 9706 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978

nationalization of private industry. If you but where does that precedent take us in duce acrylonitrile, we buy it, and think that make nationalization work with Air India, the future? more supply and less demand for acryloni­ your government will ask, why not national­ By now you're probably saying. "OK, I can trile might help our costs, short term any­ ize other things?" see how the lea.st bad alternative may be way. Monsanto says, and I believe them, that Jeh thought a while, visibly distressed. He pretty bad but it hasn't happened to my the tests show no a.crylonitrile-related patho­ loved the airline he had built, he felt a re­ outfit." logical changes for a child drinking 3000 sponsib111ty to his employees not to let them Ah, but things are happening to you. La.st quarts of cola every day for a year. How wild down. Making nationalization work seemed year our industry was faced with a. piece of can government get? And what are you and the lesser of the evils. He asked me what I legislation specifically tailored to enable a I going to do? Are we going to fight this would have done. I don't know. What would great deal of government control of our in­ unwarranted bureaucratic overkill, or will we you do? What is the lesson here? Don't be too dustry-the Toxic Substances Control Act. A compromise? quick to say Jeh should have said "No" and majority of our industry felt we would lose I haven't time to cover many other "en­ abandoned Air India. He may be right; he if we fought for no bill at all-that it was dangered species" such as tetraethyl lead, may also be wrong. better to compromise and help tailor a bill fluorocarbons, vinyl chloride, pentachloro­ I a.m a. U.S. government-appointed Direc­ that was less onerous than it might be. phenol, 2,4-D, and 2,4,5-T, to name a few. tor of Conrail, the residue of seven bankrupt Again, the lesser of the evils, we thought. Or other problems such as Dow's $500 m111ion Northeastern railroads, including the once Well, we have the bill now I wonder whether investment in California. that never hap­ mighty N.Y. Central and Pennsylvania. When we did the right thing in accepting TSCA. pended. After $4 million in expense and $6 these companies failed they weren't allowed Alan Smith, the scientific attache at the million for land, Dow scrapped this petro­ to go out of business and, with whatever dig­ British Embassy had a lot to say about chemical plant because we couldn't get the nity they had left, sell their assets and pay TOSCA. To quote his remarks-"In the opera, permits, even though the pollution control off their creditors. No. Our government said Tosca is a creature of doubtful virtue; who, authorities considered it the cleanest facil­ that closing rail service was against the pub­ out of devotion to a hopeless ideal, destroys ity they had ever seen, the local population lic interest. It seized the assets, kept the herself and those around her by refusing wanted it badly, and it would probably pol­ railroads running, created Conrail as a "pri­ to accept a straightforward proposition she lute less than the present farming. It was vate" corporation, and a.greed to invest and declines to accept the advice of the authori­ another victory for bureaucratic overregula.­ loan more than $2 billion to it. On the books ties, while protecting repeatedly in language tion, and defeat for the public interest. the government set up a.n equity item of nobody can understand." Stop and think. If all these are bell• $630 m111ion to represent the value of a.11 the In the words of the unlamented cigarette wethers, what kind of chemical industry seven railroads. Doesn't sound like much, ads, would we rather fight, or switch? Should will we have in the year 2000? does it? The former owners claim it is worth we switch to a. stance of accommodation and Maybe we do switch to accommodation at least ten times that much. cooperation with government, or should we too easily. Most industry was sure that the Now, if Conrail goes bankrupt--a.nd since fight like wildcats against the continued en­ Common Situ3 Picketing bill would become it lost more than $400 million in its first 12 croachment of government? I pose this prob­ law. Only President Ford's surprise veto months, that is more than a. possib111ty-the lem to you. saved it. Then President Carter promised owners and creditors wm be worse otf than Frankly, it isn't easy to know exactly what labor he would sign it. But a lot of industry if the railroads had Jeen allowed to die sev­ you believe a.bout it or which side you favor. decided to fight the hopeless odds and the eral years ago. If Conrail is a. howling finan­ But you should know; we all must agonize House turned it down. How about tha.tl cial success, the government will get its $2 over this now, because it is so important to Many of you didn't fight very ha.rd against billion back and the private owners and the future of our industry. the SEC-induced NYSE rule that forces com­ creditors might get their money back. If There is almost nothing we do now that panies to elect "outside" directors under the Conrail is a. moderate success, and a.t the is not monitored in some fashion by gov­ guise of an independent Audit Committee of moment this is the expectation, then the ernment agencies. This ranges a.11 the way the Board. Dow didn't have a single outside owners and creditors will probably be worse from which people we can recruit, to how director, but most of you did, and so this otf than they would have been under simple much pension we'll pay them when they re­ "camel's nose in the tent" dictating the bankruptcy. tire; from the raw materials we use as a. composition of a. boa.rd of directors was easier I a.m a director because I think we need starting point, to how we dispose of the to accept than fight. It didn't hurt you right some railroad freight service in the North­ eventual waste from the end product. Every­ away, so you bought it. I wonder whether east by private, not government owned, rail­ thing we do is ordained or approved or re­ you will like the next government mandate roads. But maybe I am working against the viewed in some way by some level of gov­ on the make-up of boards of directors? Re­ interests of the private owners and the basic ernment. member the camel in the tent! concepts of private corporations. Maybe If we project the recent past 25 years into A while back we in chemicals had unfair these railroads should have been allowed to the future, what do we see? Can we even (we said) competition from oil companies in die a.s other compe.nies can. imagine what the relationship between the such things as plastics because oil companies Am I working to prove that government U.S. government and the U.S. chemical in­ had "tickets" to import cheap oil. We didn't takeover of businesses is a. noble and effective dustry will be like if anything approaching fight to eliminate controls. We, and that in­ thing, and will I thereby pave the way for present trends continue? Will there be left cludes Carl Gerstacker, fought to get our government control of still other inefficient anything that even resembles a 1970's private share of "tickets" from government, and we businesses? In other words, a.m I working chemical company? got some. Oil and gas a.re still under controls toward a goal tha. t is the last thing I've We can only speculate. But any kind of of many kinds and I think these controls are worked for, for 40 years? speculation leads to the conclusion that our a. bad mistake. Maybe we should have fought, Jeh Tata, move over; here comes Carl Ger­ industry will become a. mere handmaiden of back then, for decontrol instead of just tak­ stacker! government if we follow our present pa.th. ing our share of government largesse from Are we hurrying and abetting the demise of The question I am posing then is: What will controls. Did we take the short term, easier private corporations? I don't know, but I am be the winning strategy for the chemical way out? worried. industry in the face of this speculation? Every company's primary corporate goal is Sometimes nationalization can even be the Let's talk about saccharin. It is a.n inter­ long-term profits, but we must always weigh lesser of several evils and we may find our­ esting case. As we all know, it has been carefully the factors that influence our pro­ selves asking the government to please do it. around for 80 years and has been seen as a fitability, especla.lly when government is in­ In Indonesia, an earlier government na­ benefit all that time. It helps diabetes pa­ volved. Sometimes we a.re tempted to ask the tionalized an oil company and paid for the tients and others who need to avoid sugar. government to get involved in our businesses company out of its own oil. Not so good, you It is fairly representative of the benefits of in ways that will increase our earnings or say, but wait. In another case, the govern­ chemistry. But suddenly it is a villain. Do minimize our losses. When things get so bad ment did not nationalize a consumer prod­ we stand up and fight for saccharin? Or do that we welcome government controls we per­ ucts company. But it did set the selling we switch and say to Uncle Sam, "we'll do form a.n act somewhat akin to Cleopatra's prices and the raw material costs, and didn't our best to come up with a. safe new sugar clasping the viper to her bosom. That, a.t allow any management people in the plant. substitute"? Some of us might think that least, is my experience. You know what happened? After a few years, we can make more profit on a new saccharin We a.re living in an era of crisis mentality. that company had a disaster on its hands. It substitute-so let saccharin go. Or we might The press and the public believe in these wished it had been nationalized. say, "I, personally, have no sugar problem, crises, most of which originate in govern­ And that true· story brings to mind the so why should I care?" ment. We move from the vinyl crisis to the plight of Chrysler in Merry Old England. And let's talk about a.crylonitrile bottles Kepone crisis to the Red No. 2 crisis to the Chrysler is losing gobs of money. As I under­ for soft drinks (cf, CHEMTECH, Dec. 1977, p. acrylonitrile crisis, and then to the saccharin stood the situation, the government wouldn't 717) . Should we take up arms and fight for crisis. In between times we have the aerosol let them shut down and, despite Chrysler's Monsanto's product? Or should we passively crisis, the Toxic Substances crisis, the multi­ asking for it, wouldn't nationalize the opera­ support government by turning our backs on national company crisis, New York City's tion. The government is paying Chrysler the problem. Our self-interest may play a. crisis, the energy crisis, and some of these most, but not all, of its losses. This must part. Some of us have other plastic compo­ have sub-crises such as the natural gas crisis, seem like the lesser of the evils to Chrysler sitions for soft drinks. Some of us don't pro- and the cold weather crisis, not to mention 9707 April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Asked what he thought was behind the such old stand-bys as the population crisis, THE THIEVES THRIVE bureau's alleged noncooperation, Mr. San­ the unemployment crisis, the environmental tucci shrugged. crisis, and the consumerism crisis. On any He said that perhaps the bureau was given day we have a wide choice of crises to HON. J. J. PICKLE "jealous" of other law enforcement authori­ work on. OF TEXAS ties, such as his office. "The F.B.I. is part of This is not a new development. James IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a group telling me that there's no crime at Kennedy Airport," he said. "I don't know Madison spoke in the early days of the re­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 public of "the old trick of turning every con­ why." tingency into a resource for accumulating e Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, for years Mr. Santucci then accused airline shippers force in the government." This is still hap­ now I have attempted to see legislation and labor unions of "conspiracy and col­ pening today, but we now have the power and passed to put teeth in our Government's lusion" and said that in many instances immediacy of television. Crises sell news­ shipping concerns, manufacturers and vari­ papers. The financial problems of business do effort to fight cargo crime. ous airlines handling cargo failed to report not. The only exception is when they go "belly The opposition to my approach still thefts. up", as in the case of Penn Central, and the runs strong in some quarters. Mainly, THEFTS NOT REPORTED press and public then ask "What happened? some in the transportation industry say "They only report it to their insurance Why didn't someone tell us?" legislation is not needed, that industry I companies, which pay them, and everybody I believe it is time for each of us to take a government voluntary efforts are work­ knows that the consumer pays with higher broad, searching look at our attitudes and ing. rates," he said. "Somewhere along the line, come to grips with the question of the long­ A recent story from New York shows people find it profitable not to report thefts.'' term welfare of our industry. If it is in our that thieves still thrive at John F. Ken­ "There is something strange about these best interests to smile and compromise and nedy Airport. This is ironic since crime proceedings," Mr. Santucci said. charm the government, then let us select our The prosecutor said that yesterday's in­ best charmers and send them to do the job. at JFK brought the cargo security prob­ dictments of the nine men stemmed from a If it is in our best interests to battle with lem to light about 10 years ago. After seven-month undercover investigation by his everything we've got, let's pick our best much ado, the airlines and local author­ office. He said that members of his staff had fighters and send them. ities maintained that the situation was been able to buy, for 10 percent of the You will surely ask whether there are not under control. market value, such goods as radios, stereos alternatives to "fight" or "switch." Well, in The Queens, N.Y., district attorney, and tape recorders, cameras, bullet-proof some cases we should fight, in others switch. Mr. John J. Santucci, has stated other­ vests, telephone "debugging" gadgets and I recognize that. Let us make :;ure that we musical instruments. wise. The evidence appears to substan­ He said that undercover agents had also entertain both possibilities. make our deci­ tiate his charges that all is not well at sions wisely, and then follow through with been able to buy negotiable stock certificates all the muscle we have. And if we choose to JFK. Neither is it well at many other that had been stolen early this year from the fight, we must somehow generate enough en­ airports, docks, ports, or terminals. Union Pacific Corporation. Mr. Santucci said thusiasm in that silent majority of our em­ I commend Mr. Santucci and ask that that these certificates were blank, that any ployees and stockholders to get them actively an article from the March 31, 1978, New number of shares up to one million could to contact Congressmen, the President, and York Times be placed in the CONGRES­ be entered and that since the company's others. President Carter is urging us to fight stock was recently trading at about $42 a SIONAL RECORD: share, each of the certificates could have been overregulation and waste. Let's take him at (From the New York Times, March 31, 1978] his word. represented as having a value of up to $42 NINE INDICTED IN "MASSIVE" KENNEDY million. I have a general feeling that the chemical THEFTS; SANTUCCI CHARGES "COVER-UP" AT The police detective who was indicted by industry in recent years has been fioating AmPORT the grand jury was identified as Patrick with the tide. Now I fear that we're danger­ (By Pranay Gupte) Santoli, 36 years old, of Holbrook, L.I. He had ously close to, and may be pulled over the been assigned to the Police Department's falls of disaster-that disaster being com­ Nine men, including a New York City police detective, were indicted yesterday by automobile crime unit, and the indictment plete government control of our industry. It accused him of possessing and using an un­ won't happen today or tomorrow, but how a grand jury in Queens on charges of hijack­ ing milUons of dollars worth of cargo and named device that had been stolen from the would you bet on where we'll be after 25 more airport.e years of the downhlll progress we are mak­ stock certificates at Kennedy International ing? Airport and selling them. The Queens District Attorney described I suggest to you that we need to shake the hijacking and sale as a "massive opera­ loose from the old ways, to start paddling in REPRESSION IN SOUTH AFRICA: the direction we want the industry to go. We tion." CONGRESSIONAL ACTION STil.L At a news conference at his office in the NEEDED need to start paddling now and together. Queens Criminal Court Building, the District (Carl A. Gerstacker was chairman of the Attorney, John J. Santucci, accused various board of The Dow Chemical Company from law enforcement agencies, including the HON. DON BONKER 1960 to 1976. In addition to his continuing Federal Bureau of Investigation, as well as directorial duties at Dow, he is a director of airlines, of noncooperation in his investiga­ OF WASHINGTON Carrier Corp., Eaton Corp., ConRail, Dundee tion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cement, Dow Corning, and K-Mart Corp. He Mr. Santucci said these organizations had Tuesday, April 11, 1978 is a former president of the Synthetic Or­ been, in effect, deceptive in "repeatedly" ganic Chemical Manufacturers Association, telling his office that there was "no crime at • Mr. BONKER. Mr. Spea.Ker, last fall, and former chairman of the Manufacturing the airport." the House passed by an overwhelming Chemists' Association; a trustee of the Starr "We believe there are efforts being ma.de margin House Concurrent Resolution Commonwealth for Boys, Northwood Insti­ at the airport to cover up-whether for 388, strongly denouncing gross violations tute, The Macromolecular Institute and the public-relations reasons or what, I don't of human rights in South Africa. Despite Reproductive Biology Research Foundation; a know," the prosecutor said. member of the Rockefeller University Coun­ "We've had difficulty with the F.B.I.," he all the attention to "reforms" in South cil; and chairman of Albion College Trustees. continued, "What concerns me greatly is Africa's sports policy and adjustments in Gerstacker joined Dow in 1938 after graduat­ that at every meeting we're told that domestic regulations, there is no indica­ ing from the University of Michigan with a Kennedy Airport is a. 'Garden of Eden.' No­ tion that the imprisonment and mis­ B.S.E. in chemical engineering. Until 1940 he body cooperates in these investigations. If I treatment of political dissidents has was on the accounting staff of the company's want to fandango, I go to a dance, not to abated. The terrorism act and other re­ Dowell Division. He then served six years with meetings with these law enforcement of­ pressive legislation which sanction viola­ the U.S. Army, attaining the rank of major ficials." with the Ordnance Department before re­ A spokesman for Federal Bureau of In­ tions of human rights still stand. turning to Dow in 1946, first as a production vestigation, when informed about Mr. Aside from taking further action in engineer and then as a purchasing agent. He Santucci's remarks, said that there would. Congress, there are constructive initia­ was elected a Director in 1948; named a vice be no immediate response from his agen­ tives which Members can undertake dur­ president in 1955; a member of the executive cy. But other bureau officials pointed out ing visits to South Africa. In a recent committee in 1957; and has been chairman that the agency maintained a. permanent letter to the ad hoc monitoring group on of the finance committee since 1959. He and staff of a dozen agents to monitor crimi­ South Africa; Amnesty International his wife, the former Esther Little Schuette, nal activities at Kennedy Airport and that live in Midland, Michigan. They have four several arrests had been made over the last suggested types of initiatives which daughters and one son. e few years as a result of these agents' efforts. ~ight be most appropriate during visits 9708 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 there. I would like to insert relevant Por­ of repressive legislation In South Africa. Not (Article written by David Martin which only is the legislation itself harsh and so­ appeared in the Londcn Observer on Dec. 18, tions of this letter in the RECORD for the cially obstructive, but the punishment which 1977.) benefit of colleagues concerned about the accompany indictment and conviction are LusAKA.-Large numbers of young South deterioration of human rights in South severe, ranging from long sentences fu capi­ African men who are liable for two years Africa. tal punishment. The conditions of banning mllitary conscription including the possibil­ In addition, I would like to call atten­ and house-arrest, as well as internal exile, ity of combat service in Namibia are leaving tion to an emerging problem facing white prohibit any convicted person from partici­ their homeland to become draft dodgers, ac­ south Africans confronted with military pating In a normal life, and these depriva­ cording to a group of them in the Botswana tions are often seemingly arbitrary. capital, Gaborone. conscription. Increasing numbers of We hope, therefore, that you will continue They estimate the numbers of draft conscripts are presented with a difficult to work under a dual mandate, whereby dodgers in "hundreds". Most of them, they moral dilemma in having to join an army broad pressure for the unconditional repeal say, have gone to Europe on the pretext of illegally occupying Namibia, and serving of security legislation, such as the Terrorism further education. But few are likely to re­ as a force to suppress domestic discon­ Act, which is incompatible with all due proc­ turn while the call-up ls stm in force. At tent, as was the case in Soweto recently. ess principles, is under-pinned by action on the same time a small flow of deserters ls Tragically, South Africa has no provi­ behalf of individual prisoners; legislation beginning. and its implementation are two aspects of a One of the draft dodgers in Gaborone is vision for conscientious objectors, nor single issue. We hope that the Ad Hoc Moni­ John Coast, a 26-year-old Cape Town Uni­ does it provide means of alternative serv­ toring Group wlll continue its ~rk on be­ versity graduate who arrived in Botswana by ice. Consequently, increasing numbers of half of prisoners of conscience in jail or who train at the end of November. south Africans are feeling morally obli­ are under banning orders or house arrest. He was ordered to report to the Lions Head gated to leave their country as refugees, Your members should also be willing to make Commando on 7 October for three months for reasons which, ironioally, few coun­ appeals in cases where a.n individual ls ar­ service in Namibia where South African tries, including our own, are willing to rested and past experience suggests a high troops are fighting guerrillas of the South recognize as sufficient basis for allowing risk of torture. West Africa Peoples Organization (SWAPO). The issue of rorture requires separate men­ Because of examinations his call-up was de­ entry and diplomatic protection. An ar­ tion here. As media reports have recently ferred until 1 December and four days before ticle by David Martin in the London Ob­ recounted in some detail, and as our report that he left South Africa for Botswana. server describes this growing problem, describes, there have been many documented "I would not have left South Africa if I and I include it in the RECORD at this cases of torture and deaths In detention. We had not been called up," he said. "But I am time: hope that any appeal to the government of not prepared to do active service especially l:XCEllPTS FROM A LETTER TO THE Ao Hoc the Republic, and all public statements, will in Nainlbia. One knows that the security MONITORING GROUP ON SOUTH AFRICA FROM draw attention to these facts and under­ forces are basically a suppressive force and .AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL, MARCH 24, 1978 score our feeling that such treatment is in that Namibia ls an illegally occupied coun­ all cases reprehensible. In additi_,n, pressure try." There are etrorts which are perhaps best for public autopsies, with international rep­ In South Mrlcan schools all white male undertaken by Individual Members of Con­ resentation, in th~ growing number of cases citizens and noncitizens who have lived In gress In their public (though non-legisla­ where detainees die in police custody, is the country for five years are registered for tive) capacities. We are particularly sensitive needed. Here you Inlght utillze American Inllitary service at the age of 16. Unless they In this country to the relative newness which legal and medical forensic expertise. are going on for further education they are African Issues hold: they are not ones with Although our report outlines only the sit­ liable for call-up at 17. Those who receive which the American public has had long ex­ uation surrounding political imprisonment, academic deferments are monitored and if a perience. Amnesty International has been it is clear that the entire legislative and three-year course ls not completed in five trying to locate and at times create an audi­ judicial apparatus in Sbuth Africa ls based years the deferment ends. ence for precise information about the prac­ on a philosophy of separatism which pre­ Hitherto there has been virtually no pub­ tice of apartheid In an effort to focus inter­ cludes just treatment or equal status for licity about South African draft dodgers national attention on the extreme hardship South African citizens. The corpus of dis­ and deserters. However in August the United which that philosophy imposes on life In the criminatory legislation is extensive. Pressure Nations World Conference For Action Republic. We would hope that each member for the repeal of those laws is urgent. It Against Apartheid In Lagos passed a resolu­ of your Ad Hoc Monitoring Group would should be noted also that the current pol­ tion urging member states to "grant im­ make our Report available to his constit­ icies for relooatlng Africans in bantustans mediate political asylum to bona fide war uency. both circumscribes individual mobility and resisters and deserters from the apartheid While initiatives from outside the Repub­ abrogates traditionally conceived rights to armed forces." lic are essential, we also urge you to consider and of citizenship. That clause attracted little attention and sending delegations of your members to As legal norms have been progressively few member states appear to have considered South Africa In order to: eroded, the number of those citizens of all its implications. The South African draft (a) pursue cases of political imprisonment races who undergo imprisonment or other dodgers and deserters are encountering dl!­ In which otftcial responses to your inquiries forms of persecution as a direct consequence fl.culties in finding countries willing to accept have been unsatisfactory; of discriminatory law and policy has in­ them as political refugees because they are (b) meet South African parliamentarians creased. One result has been a sizeable re­ white, and even Sweden which took in many and express to them the abhorrence with fugee exodus to neighboring African states American Vietnam War draft dodgers has which their security legislation is regarded in and to some European countries. The num­ proved unhelpful. other countries. This second point is, we be­ ber of South Africans who have obtained A South African deserter who arrlvP.d in lieve, of great Importance since the South asylum in the United States has so far been Gaborone on 3 December says the United African Parliament contains almost no mem­ relatively small, but we hope that increased Nations told him they would give him a bers willing to question, let alone oppose, recognition by Congress of the exigencies of ticket to Europe if he could produce a let­ the Government's policies in this field. You, the South African situation will result in a ter saying Sweden or any other country ac­ aa United States Congress people, could have relaxation of admission procedures for ref­ cepted him. But the Swedish Mission In Ga­ access and even influence which would be ugees, detainees and those under threat of borone declined. possible to no other national or international persecution. Mr. Coast .said he was treated with "antag­ body. As an international organization, Amnesty onism" when he saw a diplomat in the (c) meet with African and minority polit­ International works within the context of British High Commission consular Secti"n ical leaders, many of whom are imprisoned, the United Nations programs. 1978 has been in Gaborone. He says that the diplomat sug­ banned or banished with consequent denial designated International Anti-Apartheid gested he should return to South Africa, say­ of their access to public fora. Year. It ls also the 30th anniversary of the ing that nothing would happen to him-al­ In addition, it ls frequently helpful for ex­ Universal Declaration of Human Rights. though he would certainly be imprisoned for ternal observers to attend trials, both to in­ While the UN has done major work in docu­ refusing to do milltary service. dicate foreign interest and to ensure, to an menting human rights violations in South In Botswana there are at least a dozen extent, that proper judicial process is not Africa and in directing International ac­ dra.ft doogers and deserters waiting for coun· abrogated. This applies not only to overtly tion, much effective pressure can only be tries to accept them. Two deserters have ar­ political trials, but also to those taken under exercised bilaterally. Here, for reasons which rived this month. The bulk of the draft dodg­ racially discriminatory legislation. In this are apparent, the United States Congress has ers who have passports and can afford tickets context we would also recommend that Mem­ a unique role to play. As the one Congres­ are flying direct to Europe. bers of Congress request to visit prison fa­ sional body which focusses solely on South Mr. Graham de Smidt, a 26-year-old Cape cllities, including Robben Island. Africa, we feel that the Ad Hoc Monitoring Town teacher, became a draft dodger in July. It is necessary that internati"nal pres­ Group has an unusual opportunity to exert also after receiving a three-month call-up for sures remain vocal; both private and public influence on the South African Government service in Namibia. He tried to fly out from voices must continue to protest the existence and Parliament. Jbhannesburg airport to Europe but his paaa- April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9709 port was seized. A few days later, with his REPRESENTATIVE PAUL SIMON pearances, book royalties, payment for three wife, he walked across the border into Bots­ DISCLOSES INCOME DETAILS articles and some miscellaneous items. wana. Simon's 1976 income was $64,581.47. He was also not prepared to fight in an il­ The statement also shows assets (as of legal occupation army in Namibia. He sees HON. PAUL SIMON Jan. 1, 1978) of $243,031.17 and liabllities the South African Army as a force to main­ OF Il.LINOIS of $121,585.30, for a net worth of $121,445.87 tain the white regime, discrimination and --contrasting with a Jan. l, 1977 net worth privllege. "What is really taking place in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of $111,335.78. South Africa is a civil war where it's South Tuesday, April 11, 1978 In addition to statements of income and Africans fighting South Africans and I was assets for his children, Sheila and Martin, not going to be part of that." • Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, for 23 years Simon also listed four gifts he received in Even conscientious objectors are forced to I have been making detailed disclosure 1977, with values greater than $25.00, a serve in the army, Mr. de Smidt said, but at of my income assets and liabilities. I practice he began last year. the discretion of the commanding otllcer have followed this practice during my He noted that he received a coffee maker need not carry arms. Members of religious or­ service in the Illinois House and senate, from the Bullding and Construction Trades, ders llke Seventh Day Adventists, Buddhists valued at about $35.00, hotel lodging of un­ and Jehovah Witnesses are put into deten­ as Lieutenant Governor of Illinois and as a Member of the House for the past 4 determined value from the government of tion barracks. And hbmosexuals are kept in Cyprus during his otllcial trip there last Ward 22-the psychiatric unit-at Voortrek­ years. summer for the funeral of Archbishop kerhoogte hospital in Pretoria. I do not fault others for not making Makarios; quilts from Mrs. Stanley Maciew­ One of the deserters in Gaborone, who was such statements, but I think our rules ski of Chester and friends in Troy, Illlnois, unwilling to be named because he feared it do not go far enough in requiring the the value of the qullts undetermined; and would compromise his being admitted to an­ other country, spent five months in the same disclosure detail that I have in­ a paintlng (of undetermned value) of a South African Army. He said he had initially cluded in my yearly reports. For exam­ Southern Illlnois scene from the artist, Ms. intended to become a draft dodger but did ple. I think our rules should be clear in Jackie Rainer. not have the money for a ticket to Europe requiring detailed accounting of income "I think these financial statements are the and he finally gave way to pressure from his for spouses and minor children of Mem­ best way to deal with the potential con­ family. bers of Congress, and professional fees flict of interest problems that may arise After basic training he was posted to the earned by those of us in positions of during publlc service,'' Simon said in re­ Directorate of Information Systems and public trust. leasing his 23rd annual statement. Analysis (DISA) in Johannesburg. The unit's "They allow constituents to decide for prime task was to compile a computerized I have made these yearly statements themselves whether an otllce holder is serv­ system on all South African white males voluntarily and I don't think they have ing the publlc interest or some other in­ with the ultimate objective that identity done me any harm. I think com­ terest." and military numbers would be identical. plete :financial disclosures oft'er the pub­ The complete Simon financial statement Personal details such as religion, date of lic the best means possible to determine follows, along with statements for the fol­ birth and next of kin were fed into the for themselves whether their Representa­ lowing members of his staff: system. tives are serving the public interest or Ray Buss, district assistant; Ray Johnson, The unit's secondary function was as the some special interest. I am confident omce manager; Terry Michael, press sec­ SOWETO TASK FORCE to be called in if the that few of us have anything. to be retary; Judy Wagner, legislative coordina­ ·police were losing control. The deserter was tor; Nick Penning, legislative assistant; and absent without leave and crossed into ashamed of, but I think we build public confidence in government by making the Virginia Otterson, office manager, West Botswana after his unit was put on standby Frankfort office. as a result of expected trouble in Soweto details of our personal :finances a mat­ during December. ter of public record. For this task the unit was given special­ As I have done each year since I be­ TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATE­ ised training including the use of the "D MENT, CONGRESSMAN PAUL SIMON, 24TH gan serving in the House, I am publish­ DISTRicr OF ILLINOIS Formation". This consisted of a formation ing my financial statement in the REC­ of three platoons of sharpshooters on the INCOME FOR 1977 ORD, along with statements from mem­ outer perimeter of the D-shaped formation bers of my staff' earning over $15,000 per Income of Paul and Jeanne Simon with a headquarters platoon in the centre. Salary, U.S. House of Repre- The formation drew up 200 yards from a year, another practice I have followed sentatives ------$54,275.00 crowd. and the commanding otllcer first since my years as Lieutenant Governor. I U.S. Treasury, otllcial traveL____ 4, 052. 55 warned them that it was an illegal assembly hope other Members will join me in this Rental income, Carbondale home_ 2, 100. 00 and gave them three minutes to disperse. If practice. Book of the Month stock sale · they falled to do so tear gas was fired. If this WASHINGTON, D.C.--Congressman Paul (75 shares-purchased 9-20-74 still falled, about five "ringleaders" were Simon, on Monday, April 3, 1978, released for $708.02)------2,025.78 selected and identified by the commanding his 23rd annual complete personal financial Paul Simon for Congress Com­ omcer and a marksman was ordered to shoot statement, including all income, assets and mittee, reimbursement for them dead one at a time. Thereafter, if the llabilities for himself, his wife and their non-otllcial travel, other non- crowd stlll did not disperse, the soldiers two chlldren. otllcial business expenses______1, 482. 64 were ordered to put their weapons on auto­ In addition, the Southern Illinois con­ Book royalties______2, 580. 15 matic and fire at will into the crowd. gressman released financial statements for Carbondale National Bank, in- The deserter said that during his five members of his personal staff with annual terest ------27.24 months service he continually encountered salaries of $15,000 or more. Citizens Savings & Loan, Silver "naked racism" and anti-semitism. "The at­ Simon has been making the voluntary Spring, Md., interest______14. 08 titude of omcers and recruits allke was that financial statements since 1955, when he University Bank, Carbondale, in- blacks were just katllrs and one lleutena.nt entered the Illinois House of Representa­ terest ------3.30 told a Jewish recruit that he wished Hitler tives. He followed the practice during Mobil Corporation, bond inter- had killed all the Jews." eight years in the state House, six years est ------8. 50 Polltical indoctrination lectures stressed in the Illinois Senate, and four years as · (1977 honoraria and travel that South Africa was fighting Communism Lt. Governor, and continued it after elec­ reimbursement for appearances): and a lecturer told them that 75 percent of tion to Congress in 1974. American Medical Association __ _ 674.38 South Africa's newspapers were owned by As Lt. Governor, he was the first state Brookings Institution ______300.00 Communists. The lecturer said he knew this otllcial in the nation to require simllar Illinois College ______632.00 was true because he had been told so by the statements of his staff members, a practice Newman Center, Purdue Uni- Chief of the Rhodesian Army. he continued when elected to Congress. versity ------250.00 The deserter never served in Soweto. But Simon is belleved to have followed the prac­ George Washington University __ _ 400.00 he says that during training a Sergeant Ma­ tice of complete personal financial disclo­ Nebraska Democratic State Cen- jor Keet told recruits that there had been sures longer than any other public otllcial tral Comlnlttee ______829.00 reports in the ·press of a mass grave in currently holding omce in the United States. Assn. of Independent Colleges Soweto after the June 1976 riots and om­ Simon's statement lists 1977 income for and Universities ______574.00 cial reports had put the death toll at around himself and his wife, Jeanne, totaling $73,- Harper College (Illinois)------600.00 160. The Sergeant Major said this was in­ 666.19. The figure includes his House salary, Fordham University ______275.00 correct, that there had been eight mass reimbursement for travel and other ex­ American Lutheran Church ____ _ 500.00 graves and that the death toll was about penses, rental income, stock sale, interest Webber (Ill.) High School 800 .• and dividend income, honoraria for ap- (Jeanne) ------200.00 9710 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 TWENTY-THmD ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATE­ (c) Quilts, from Mrs. Stanley Maciewski First National Bank of Colllns- MENT, CONGRESSMAN PAUL SIMON, 24TH of Chester and friends in Troy, Illinois-value ville, personal note ______9,900.00 DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS-Cont. not known. F. Hurley, personal note ______3,550.00 INCOME FOR 1977-Cont. (d) Painting of barn in Mulberry Grove National Savings & Trust, per- sonal note ______20,400.00 Income of Paul and Jeanne Simon-cont. area, from pa.inter, Ms. Jackie Rainer-value (Notes on Potomac house: ) Ada.Ins County (Colorado) Demo- of painting not known. NET WORTH STATEMENT, PAUL AND JEANNE Thomas Fischer III, Pennsyl- cratic Central Committee ____ _ 218.62 49,510.67 SIMON, AS OF JANUARY 1, 1978 vania ------Jefferson County, Missouri Demo- Weaver Bros. Mortgage Brokers_ 10,740.49 cratic Club ______180.00 Assets Bank of Maryland checking ac- Christian Century Foundation __ _ 191. 82 count balance ______121,585.30 Elijah P. Lovejoy Foundation ___ _ 152.00 221. 76 Total llabillties------­ (Payment for articles in publi­ House of Representatives check- Net worth ing account balance ______cations:) 237. 17 University Bank of Carbondale Assets------$243,031. 17 National Observer (Dow Jones)_ 75.00 Liabilities ------121, 585. 30 Illinois Times (Springfield, Ill.)_ 7.50 savings account balance ______67.69 Change (education magazine) __ 100.00 Citizens Savings & Loan, Po- tomac, savings balance ______358.32 Net worth------121,445.87 (Special income to Jeanne, re­ Assets of children, Sheila and Martin Simon lating to service on Advisory Carbondale National Bank, sav­ ings bala.nce------565.40 Sheila: · Committee of White House Con- U.S. Savings Bonds ______AT&T, 2 shares ______ference on Library and Informa- 543.75 $120.00 Ford Motor Co., 1 share ______tion Services: ) General American Life Insur­ 44.88 Travel expenses to library con- ance, cash value______2, 517. 00 Carbondale Savings & Loan __ 113.46 ference in Chicago ______Polish National Alliance Insur- United Savings & Loan, Troy_ 520.72 184.64 ance, cash value ______Dept. of Health, Education and 868.25 Citizens Savings & Loan, Congressional Retirement Sys­ 143.08 Welfare, pier diem for Chicago IsraelPotomac Bond ______------_ conference (the check was re- tem, cash value ------11, 035. 77 100.00 turned to the Treasury Dept. Ill. General Assembly Retire- as a donation to the U.S. ment System, cash value_____ 16, 233. 10 Total------1,042.H 375. 12 Residence, 511 W. Main, Carbon- Treasury ------dale, 1974 purchase price plus (Dividends on stock holdings:) improvements that year _____ 40, 000. 00 Martin: Book of the Month------67.50 AT&T, 2 shares------120.00 Adains Express ______28.20 Residence, 11421 Falls Road, Po- Ford Motor Co., 1 share ______44.88 tomac, Md., 1974 purchase AT&T ------8.00 United Savings & Loan, Troy_ 517.52 Bethlehem SteeL------7.50 price ------126, 000. 00 Citizens Savings & Loan, 0.58 1976 and 1977 improvements to 28.96 Brunswick ------­ Potomac home ______16,489.95 IsraelPoto1nac Bond ------______Chrysler ------1. 00 100. 00 Crown Zellerbach ______11. 40 Furniture and Presidential au- tograph collection______15, 000. 00 811. 36 Mutual Real Estate Trust ______1. 25 1965 Ford Mustang______150. 00 Total------Hardees ------6.40 1974 Chevrolet______1, 750. 00 STAFF DISCLOSURES SUBMrrrED TO CONGRESS­ Fruehauf ------7.40 (Stock holdings with number of shares:) MAN SIMON IN MARCH 1978 Lear Siegler ______18.00 Hardees, 40------440.00 Ray Buss, District Assistant Maremont ------7.80 Ludlow, 350------2, 581. 25 1977 income other than government: Massachusetts Inv. Growth ____ _ 8.38 Borg-Warner, 20______557.50 National Aviation ______47. 60 Rental income, $8,650. Harper & Row, 10------135. 00 Sources and amounts of indebtedness over National Steel Corporation ____ _ 5.00 Massachusetts Investors Growth, Norton Simon ______7.36 $500: Mortgage, Carbondale Savings & Loan, 33 ------266.64 $56,560; mortgage, Mary Licos, $9,600; per­ Pepsico ------9.90 Mutual Real Estate, 25 (approx. Ralston Purina ______4.80 sonal loan, Salem National Bank, $16,200. Scott Paper ______value) ------­ 25.00 3.04 Gulf & Western, L------11. 87 Stocks and bonds owned: None. Texaco ------28.00 Norton Simon, 9 ______178.87 Proper.ty owned: Apartment house, $100,- United Merch & Mfg ______.80 000; household furnishings, $7,000; Buffy Warner Lambert ______Norton Simon, Preferred, L--- 19.75 4.40 Adains Express, 14L ______1, 683.00 Bear (sheepdog), $107. 3.90 WestinghouseGulf & western ------______AT&T, Preferred, 2------120.00 Ray Johnsen, Office Manager .66 Bethlehem Steel, 5 ______104.38 Harper & Row______3.00 1977 income other than government: Troy Borg Warner ______Borman's, 8------26.00 Publishing Co. stock sale, $15,000 (80.7' 33.00 Brunswick, 1------14.00 Ludlow ------50.00 Chock Full of Nuts, 10 ______capital gains, $12,111); rental income, Troy 50.00 property, $3,353; General Motors, Inc., divi­ Fairchild ------3.00 Chrysler, 2------25.25 Crown Zellerbach, 6 ______dends, $70.60; Roadhouse Record, Inc., divi­ 202.50 dends, $180; Alpha Portland Industries, divi­ Total 1977 income, Paul Curtis Publishing, 2 and Jeanne Simon______73, 666. 19 dends, $11.04; Wright Patman Congressional (approx value) ------­ 2.00 Federal Credit Union, interest, $9.29; Missouri Income of children, Sheila and Martin Fairchild Industries, 8------­ 131. 00 Portland Cement, interest, $239.42; Metro­ Simon 105.00 Fruehauf, 4------­ politan Life, interest, $18.43; Suburban Sav­ Lear Siegler, Preferred, 8------­ 122.00 Shella: Total of $210.73, including-inter­ ings & Loan, interest, $78.87; General Ameri­ est from Citizens Savings & Loan of Poto­ Maremont, 13------247.00 National Inds., 3 warrants______.38 can Life, interest, $114.51; American Savings mac, Md., $10.85; interest from United Sav­ & Loan, interest, $31.99; Bankers Life, in­ ings & Loan of Troy, Ill., $25.17; interest National Inds., Preferred, L ____ _ 13.00 National Ste-el, 2 ______65.25 terest, $95.48; Metropolitan Savings & Loan, from Carbondale Savings & Loan, $13.11; Pepsico, 12 ______interest, $8.47; Perpetual Savings & Loan, dividends from Ford Motor Co., $3.40, and 331. 50 Ralston Purina, 4 ______56.50 interest, $114.48; and Troy PUblishing Co., AT&T, $8.20; and babysitting income (est.), Rohr Industries, 3 ______interest, $863.25 (totaling $17,299.83). $150. 20.62 Sources and amounts of indebtedness over Martin: Total of $338.09, including­ ScottTexaco, Paper, 14 ______4------_ 65.00 385.00 $500: Washington & Lee Savings and Loan, interest from Citizens Savings & Loan of United M&M, 8 ______Potomac, Md., -$1.48; interest from United 28.00 $29,635.72. Savings & Loan of Troy, Ill., $25.01; dividends Warner Lambert, 4------­ 103. 00 Stocks and bonds owned: Wright Patman H.R. Weissberg, 5 Congressional Federal Credit Union, $157.84; from Ford Motor Co., $3.40, and AT&T, $8.20; (approx. value) ______and lawnmowing income (est.), $300. 5.00 150 shares Cottonwood Junction, Inc., Westinghouse, 4------72.00 $10,000; Serles E Bonds, $543.75; H.J. Porter, Gifts with a value of more than $25 J'et-Lite, 120 (approx. value) ___ _ 300.00 bonds, $5,070; 400 shares, Laclede Steel, In 1976, I publicly stated that I would list Mobil debenture bond, 8&~ %-- 100. 00 $3,800; 24 shares, Alpha Portland Cement, all gifts with a value of more than $25 as National Aviation, 119 ______2,031. 75 $432; 24 shares, Watson Lumber Co., $7,200; part of my yearly financial statement. The 21 shares, Get\eral Motors, $1,340; Perpetual gifts I received in 1977 valued at more than Total a&Sets ------243,031. 17 Savings & Loan, $4,114.48 (totaling $32,- $25 were: LiabiliUes 658.07). (a) Coffee maker from Building & Con­ University Bank of Carbondale, Property owned: State of Illinois Employ­ struction Trades, about $35. Carbondale house loan______$13, 608.17 ees Retirement System, $1,772.01; real estate, (b) Hotel lodging, government of Cyprus-­ University Bank of Carbondale, Arlington, Va., $95,000; real estate, Troy, during my trip to Cyprus as part of the om­ personal note______7, 475. 97 Ill., $30,000; household furnishings, $15,000; cial U.S. delegation to Archbishop Makarios' National Bank of Washington, 1978 Chevrolet, $6,000; 1975 Volkswagen, funeral-value not known. note ------6,400.00 $2,000 (totaling $149,772.01). April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9711 Terry Michael, Press Secretary singer/songwriter who cared deeply Berkeley came on Reynolds' 17th birthday 1977 income other than government: $35 about all people, died recently in Oak­ last Aug. 26, when the Berkeley City Council Interest Income. land, Calif. declared that day "Malvina Reynolds Day." sources and amounts of indebtedness over A huge party was held that night for her at I would like to share with my col­ the La Pena Cultural Center and the adjacent $500: Wright Patman Congressional Federal leagues an article that was published Credit Union, auto loan, $4,800. Starry Plough Pub. Stocks and bonds owned: shares, Wright shortly after her death that shows the Another Berkeley social music institution, Patman Congressional Federal Credit Union, important contribution Ms. Reynolds Country Joe McDonald, was aided and ln­ $1,964. made to our culture. She will be greatly fiuenced in his musical career by Malvina Property owned: 1976 Lancia Beta Coupe, missed. Reynolds. "She was one of the first people I $6,000; household KOOds, $1.200. MALVINA REYNOLDS, SINGER-ACTIVIST, DIES met in Berkeley,'' McDonald said. "She really encouraged me and helped me get started. Nick Penning, Legislative Assistant (By Bob Fordham) Malvina infiuenced the music of Baez, Dylan 1977 income other than government: Celebrate my death for the good times I've and Phil Ochs as well as my own." $1,743.09, Plains Television Corp., Springfield; had, Despite the success of "Turn Around" and $11.31, Springfield Sacred Heart Credit For the work that I've done and the friends "Little Boxes,'' Reynolds never attained wide­ Union; $18.64, Wright Patman Congressional that I've made, spread acceptance or financial success. She Federal Credit Union, interest; $50, Congress­ Celebrate my death of whom it could be said, had trouble finding work in the '50s and late man Paul Simon, payment for assistance She was a working class woman and a red, '60s because of her political views and activi­ with magazine article. My man was the best, a comrade and a ties. "Right wing groups were often putting Sources and amounts of indebtedness over friend, pressure on concert promoters not to hire $500: $44,622.77, Robert Heltzel Co., Manas­ Fighting on the good side to the very end, her,'' Bernstein said. sas, Va., for home mortgage. My child was a darling, merry, strong and "Malvina wouldn't have turned down suc­ Stocks and bonds owned: $25 U.S. Savings fine, cess,'' said McDonald, "but she had a role as Bond for daughter Lisa Kathleen Penning. And all the world's children were Inlne. a woman and a mugwump which were more Property owned: 1976 Dodge Aspen Station Her snow-white hair and her guitar were important. There wasn't really a place for her Wagon purchased new in 1976 for $4,354; fammar sights at rallies and marches of the in mainstream music." residence at 1122 S. Harrison, Arlington, Va., last two decades. Her voice was high and Reynolds kept singing and protesting to purchased 2/14/77 for $49,700. croaky, but when she sang people listened. the end. Her latest concern was over the Virginia Otterson, West Frankfort Office Malvina Reynolds, songwriter and social dangers of nuclear power. She had planned to Manager critic, died Friday morning in Oakland of sing at a pro-solar rally in Bellingham, Wash­ 1977 income other than government: kidney failure. She was 77 years old. She was ington, in two weeks. She was concerned with wages of husband, Robert H. Otterson, Old hospitalized Wednesday after being stricken rape and last year wrote a song called "The Ben Coal Corp., $24,081.65; interest income­ at her Berkeley home. Judge Said" in response to the lenient ac­ GSA Series H. Bonds, Lincoln National Life Reynolds was perhaps best known for her quittal of a rapist in Madison, Wisconsin. Insurance, First Community Bank of West song "Little Boxes," which lightheartedly In lieu of a funeral, there will be a memo­ Frankfort, Bank of West Frankfort, totaling criticized life in modern suburbia. She was rial concert sometime within the month. $2,459.35; dividend income-Affiliated Funds, inspired to write the song in 1964 while Instead of fiowers, her fa.Inlly has requested C.I.P.S., First Community Bank of West driving past a Daly City housing tract. that contributions be sent to Bay Area Frankfort, Keystone Fund B-1, Roosevelt Na­ It has been said that Reynolds wrote Women Against Rape, People Against Nuclear tional Investment Co., Boca Ra.ton Nation::i.l "Little Boxes" in the car. "Whether this is Power, or the National Council Against Re­ Bank, totaling $1,525.44. true or not I can't say," said Ruth Bern­ pressive Legisla.tion.e Sources and a.mounts of indebtedness over stein, Reynolds' business manager since 1964. $500: None. "But Malvina always carried a pencil and a Stocks and bonds owned: 34 shares, Boca piece of paper. When something moved or Ra.ton Bank; 2 shares, Fidelity Bank; 2 provoked her, she wrote a song." shares, Citizens Bank; 300 shares, C.I.P.S.; Bernstein estimated that Reynolds wrote AMERICA'S CIVIL DEFENSE: DOES 102 shares, Keystone B-1; 100 shares, Roose­ between 500 and 600 songs. "Most were not IT EXIST? velt Investment; 4 Illinois Central bonds; 100 recorded and many had non-social themes," U.S. Leasing Warrants; 1,600 shares, Affil­ Bernstein said. "Malvina wrote songs for iated Fund; 42 shares, First Community friends, songs about dieting and going to HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN Bank; all totaling a.bout $28,500; GSA Series the dentist." OF CALIFORNIA H Bonds, $10,000; Serles E Bonds totali!lg "It's my way of talking, that's all," Reyn­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES $10,875. olds said of her music. "Everybody has a way Property owned: real estate, West Frank­ of saying something and mine happens to be Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 fort, $29,500; 4 lots, West Frankfort, $3,000; a very satisfying way." • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, it is all 1977 Buick, 1972 Pontiac, 1971 Ca.ma.re Malvina Reynolds was born In 1900 in Sa.n too easy to be misled by the defense totaling $8,000; 1972 travel trailer, $1,500 Francisco. An honor student at Lowell High budget that the Carter administration household goods about $5,000. School, she was not permitted to graduate has submitted to Congress, calling for a Judy Wagner, Legislative Coordinator because her parents opposed America's in­ volvement in World War I. 3-percent increase in defense spending 1977 income other than government: $587, for fiscal year 1979. This increase, interest on accounts at Perpetual Savings & Despite her lack of a high school diploma, Loan and Senate Credit Union. Reynolds attended UC Berkeley, where she amounting to a total expenditure of some Sources and amounts of indebtedness over eventually earned a doctorate in romance $115 billion, tends to reassure those of us $500: American National Bank (home mort­ philology. who have actively urged the administra­ gage, $81, 736; Mrs. Dorice Bumpus, personal Reynolds worked as a steel worker, a social tion to repair its growing defense gap. note, $8,070; U.S. Senate Credit Union, $4,082; worker and a newspaper editor during the However, such reassurance is illusory, Master Charge, $751; Maryland National Depression and World War II. She married and the cause f)r it premature. Bank, $879; Sears, $520. William Reynolds, a carpenter and a draft Stocks and bonds owned: None. That is, in the so-called hard areas resister during World War I. of our national defense budget such as Property owned: residence, Bethesda, Md., Reynolds was over 50-years-old when she $110,000 ( 1976 appraisal); farm house, pur­ began her musical career. When she returned strategic forces or civil defense, we are chased in 1976, Gilmanton, N.H., $25,000; 20- to the Berkeley campus to study music in actually spending less. We are spending a.cre lot in Gilmanton, N.H., purchased in 1951 she met folksinger Lou Gottlieb of the less, because the White House still favors 1974 for $16,000.e Llmelighters, who encouraged her to write the myth that the Soviet Union has be­ music. come more pacifist, that its strategic de­ With her first "hit" song, "Turn Around," signers are really just plain good ole boys recorded by Harry Belafonte, and later with rather than aggressive and well funded MALVINA REYNOLDS, SINGER­ "Little Boxes," Reynolds' fa.me grew. Her war planners who mean business. If the ACTIVIST, DIES songs were recorded by Pete Seeger and Joan Soviets appear sometimes, rarely, as be­ Baez. nign or ideologically wearisome as our Although she performed throughout the State Department press release writers world, Reynolds' home remained Berkeley. seem to believe, in the final analysis, we HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS Friends and music were always welcome in OF CALIFORNIA her modest house on Parker Street. can never trust an ideology which accepts IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lying as state policy and no U.S. admin­ Reynolds had, in fact, become something istration has the right to play such a Tuesday, April 11, 1978 of a local institution In recent years. She could usually be seen at anti-war demonstra­ large gamble over the ultimate survival • Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, Malvina tions in the late 1960s and she hosted a folk of our Nation in the face of the greatest Reynolds, a personal friend of mine who music program on radio station KPFA. threat to peace and liberty in the history was known throughout our country as a Official recognition of her contributions to of mankind. 9712 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 Our Nation's civil defense system is on Soviet m111ta.ry affairs who lived !or years to a query from Sen. W1lliam Proxmire (D., equivalent to a national life insurance in Moscow, "Officials constantly stress that Wis.), Gen. George S. Brown, Chairman of policy in this world of ever-present dan­ nt~clear war ls survivable and that 'clvll de­ the Joint Chiefs of Staff, estimated that ten fense ls everybody's business.' " Americans might die for every one Russian gers. The Soviets know this, explaining By the mld-1960s, U.S. 1ntell1gence agen­ in a Soviet-American "worst case" nuclear why they have spent incomparable sums cies ha.d ma.de several attempts to call atten­ shoot-out 1f the Soviets successfully evacu­ of money to build a system incorporat­ tion to the Soviet civil-defense prograins as ated their urban populations and the U.S. ing both "collision" and "comprehensive" a major effort which, 1! continued, could !alled to take civil-defense measures. That features in the nuclear age. In effect, the affect our own deterrent capab111ty. The in­ means Russia's losses could be roughly half Soviets are steadily improving their civil formation was dismissed by some as irrele­ the 20 m1llion lives it lost in World War II, defense system in order to approach what vant to arms control, and lntelllgence collec­ and about four percent of the population­ they regard as a possibility, the perverse tion ceased in the late '60s. In 1972, we en­ food !or thought !or Americans who have prospect that for the Soviets an even­ tered into the Ant1-Ball1stic Missile (ABM) been educated in the myth that we can wipe treaty without taking Soviet clvll defense out the U.S.S.R. many times over! tual nuclear confrontation might become into account. Wit:Q the ABM treaty, Wash­ Clearly, the Soviets regard their civll­ profitable. ington and Moscow agreed not to deploy de!ense capab111ties as a !actor of immense We must protect our population with weapons systeins that could effectively de­ strategic significance, one which ls not the same regard for life as any state on fend against each other's nuclear missiles. matched in the American arsenal and which the planet. We have a responsibility to In other words, we each made our population hostage to the threat of nuclear attack by the strongly supports Moscow's pursuit of its see that our fleeting civi: defense system other. But the Soviets, with their continuing aggressive international designs. Without is repaired. Mr. John G. Hubbell, the dis­ and increasingly elaborate civil-defense pro­ the advantage it provides, Soviet leaders tinguished roving military editor for the gram, have been depriving us of our hos­ surely would be much less likely to threaten Reader's Digest, recently wrote a cap­ tage-in effect, circumventing the intent of our allies or challenge us in areas of vital suled analysis of where we stand in rela­ the treaty. interest. In 1972, the Soviets dramatically upgraded What to do about it? For openers, our tion to the Soviets in the area of civil government can stop so!t-pedallng the issue defense. It is based on the latest intelli­ civil defense. Organized since 1961 under a in the hope of achieving politically popular gence estimates, and it is must reading central milltary command, it was now pub­ llcly ranked as a separate service of the but dangerous arms-control agreements with for all of us. I request that his analysis armed forces on an equal footing with its the Kremlin. Indeed, there has been some be incorPorated into the RECORD. army, navy and air force. Each of the minimal progress in this respect. Before he SoVIET CIVIL DEFENSE: THE GRIM REALITIES U.S.S.R.'s 15 republlcs has a m111tary com­ took omce, Defense Secretary Harold Brown was publicly doubting the notion of an ef­ RUSSIA'S ELABORATE BLUEPRINT FOR SURVIVAL mander and staff concerned solely with civll fective Soviet civil defense; but by last IN THE EVENT OF FULL-SCALE NUCLEAR WAR defense. In 1976, ellte status was conferred spring, he was taking a much more sober AFFECTS THE BALANCE OF POWER AND THE upon civil-defense boss Col.-Gen. Aleksandr view, estimating Soviet civil defense expendi­ FREE WORLD'S SECURITY T. Altunln: he was elevated to full member­ tures at a billion dollars annually, ten times (By John G. Hubbell) ship in the Central Committee of the Com­ munist Party. Last year, he was promoted to the U.S. investment. At the same time, an The evidence ls unmistakable and omni­ interagency in telllgence survey was being full general. dratted by the CIA which would put the So­ nous. The Soviets have added a major civll­ There simply ls no question that Russia ls de!ense component to their mmtary pos­ serious about civil defense. Says Prof. Leon viet investment much higher. Intell1gence ture-an addition which, in a superpower Goure, director of Soviet studies at the Uni­ services in Western Europe have estimated showdown, could prove decisive. versity of Miami's Center !or Advanced In­ $65 billion for the past decade. Item: U.S. intell1gence has located, at 75 Not incidentally, even before the lnter­ points adjacent to the beltway encircling ternational Studies: "Soviet leaders persist­ agency report had been written, people who Moscow, huge steel spheres-each containing ently call !or a m111tary posture that includes had not participated in the survey were communications centers, emergency power a war-survival capab111ty. They see no point leaking to the press alleged conclusions dem­ sources, sleeping areas, food and water stor­ in being able to destroy an enemy 1f he ls onstrating the Soviet civil-defense activities age. Reserved for the Polltburo, m111tary gen­ able to destroy them in turn. And as the dis­ had declined since 1973 an were not cause eral staff and high-level Soviet bureaucracy, parity between the Soviet and American for alarm. Accordng to participants, the they have been sunk 600 feet into the ground, abillties to survive nuclear war becomes highly classlfted study shows no such thing. then covered with earth and reinforced con­ more pronounced, it becomes more dtmcult We must face the facts. According to crete. Similar shelters have been built in and !or the Kremlln to belleve that the United Jones, Professor Goure and others who have around major cities throughout the U.S.S.R. States would engage in a nuclear exchange studied Soviet civil defense closely, we have Item: Since the early 1960s, the Soviets over a secondary issue; !or example, on be­ no choice but to get into a civil-defense pro­ have been dispersing their new industrial half of Israel or Japan or even Western gram, although we need not do so on the complexes in widely scattered locations over Europe." massive, activist, hugely expensive scale the the length and breadth of Russia. Even sin­ Nevertheless, many Americans stlll sub­ Russians have. Jones and Goure believe that gle factories, which in the United States scribe to the belle! that a nuclear exchange with reasonable expenditures !or shelters would be housed under one roof !or emcien­ would mean suicide !or the country mak­ and crisis evacuation, at least 90 percent of cy's sake, are divided into many buildings ing the first move. Yet T. K. Jones, !or three our population could be saved in a nuclear so separated from one another and with ma­ years senior technical adviser to former U.S. attack. Bomb-damage calculations show that chinery so protected that destruction would SALT negotiator Paul H. Nltze, offers some there ls no need to uproot and scatter our require numerous nuclear warheads. And tough, mathematical reality to chew on: essential industry and work forces across the every factory in Russia now has blast-resist­ Suppose the worst happens. A crisis gets landscape, but zoning laws must be changed ant underground shelters sumcient to ac­ out of hand, and the U.S.S.R. launches a so that dangerous industrial clusters can be commodate its largest work shift. nuclear first strike against the United disassembled and factories spread out. An Item: All Soviet factory workers devote at States. Calculations show that half our stra­ vigorous testing shows that industrial ma­ least two to tour hours per month to civil­ tegic arsenal would survive such a strike. chinery can be rigged to withstand an but a de!ense training. Moreover, civil-defense edu­ I! all our surviving strategic weapons-all direct nuclear hit. Factories can be fire­ cation begins in the second grade and con­ of them-were then dellvered on the Soviet proofed, and shelters built to afford some tinues on a compulsory basis up to age 60. Union, they would k111 all of the people in protection !or workers. Item: Reconnaissance satellites have lo­ an area that amounts to only 2.7 percent Also needed ls a trained professional clvil­ cated huge underground food-storage !ac111- of the U.S.S.R.'s geography. Retargeting defense force, the basis of which already ex­ tles throughout the U.S.S.R. Intelllgence these weapons to produce radioactive fall­ ists in the National Guard and the Red Cross. sources explain that the Soviets plan to store out would force the Russians to take shel­ Augmented by veterans organizations and away enough food (with the help of U.S. ter, but within a week of American retalia­ other civll groups, such a trained force could grain purchases) to feed themselves follow­ tion the people in 97 percent of the Soviet provide rudimentary instruction to the gen­ ing a nuclear exchange-at least untll a new Union would be able to leave their shelters eral public as well as direction in case of ac­ harvest. !or an eight-hour workday. tual attack. Studies show that in times of Item: Throughout the U.S.S.R., special crisis, people pay close attention to authori­ training sites have been bunt with fire­ Had the Soviets not gone ahead with tative instructions, and act quickly on them. gutted bulldings, downed power Unes, and clvll defense but had kept their population in the cities hostage to our nuclear arsenal, Experts agree that an upgraded, well­ all the debris that would result from nuclear planned clvll-de!ense program need not cost assault. Factory and municipal workers at­ our deterrent force would stm be effective. much, that it would add perhaps $1 billion tired in gas masks and protective clothing However, the Kremlin now ls able to dis­ to a defense budget which now approaches learn to fight fires, decontaminate buildings, perse its people over its agricultural lands, $117 billion annually. And it would restore rescue people and restore services. approximately 27 percent of U.S.S.R. terri­ credib111ty to the American deterrent-­ The Soviets have made no secret of this tory-an area nine times greater than we · credibillty which has been diminished to a interest in civil defense. According to Harriet can cover with our nuclear weapons. dangerous derJree as a result of the massive Fast Scott, a Washington-based consultant The bottom line? Last year, in response Soviet civil-defense program.e April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9713 POSTAL REFORM AND FAIR ice is the beneficiary of hidden subsidies phasizes parcel past rates competitive COMPETITION or cross-subsidies are simplistic in na­ with private enterprise. And, as it has ture. Private parcel post carriers are well been painted out by several of my col­ protected by H.R. 7700 in their legitimate leagues, the parcel post language in HON. JOSEPH D. EARLY interests. As originally reported from H.R. 7700 after an examination by an OF MASSACHUSETTS committee, H.R. 7700 would not have ap­ independent panel of rate experts, was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plied the 60 percent limitation on at­ judged as evenhanded in its treatment Wednesday, April 5, 1978 tributable costs to parcel post. Parcel of all parcel post carriers. past would be required to bear its full In concluding, Mr. Speaker, I would •Mr. EARLY. Mr. Speaker, this past attributable cost, plus a fair share of all add one more thought. Theoretically, the Thursday legislation was passed that other costs. This would insure against market forces should weed out those should aid the U.S. Postal Service in unfair rate cutting should the Postal businesses that are inefficient and non­ maintaining public service at adequate Service attempt to do so. Moreover, the competitive. That stands to reason levels and within acceptable cost ranges. Postal Rate Commission would be re­ within a business context. But the Post­ Only one glaring error seriously marred quired by H.R. 7700 to consider in every al Service is not a business. It is a public this bill, H.R. 7700, and would have, but rate case "* • * the effect of rate in­ service and should continue to be one. for the alertness of Congressman WILSON, creases upon enterprises in the private My decision not to support the Simon eliminated USPS as a viable parcel post sector of the economy engaged in the de­ amendment rested on the belief that the carrier. livery of mail matter other than let­ amendment was contrary to the national Historically, Congress has been con­ ters.'' The Commission itself has stated interest amounted to 13 percent and 21.7 actual forces impinging upon parcel post tember. percent, respectively. The average return carriers, including USPS, when rates are Mr. Speaker, the advocates of college ' on equity for the 50 largest transporta­ set. In determining parcel post rates, in­ tax credits, including me, have been con­ tion firms China-pos­ claims filed by U.S. flshermen. OF NEW YORK sibly the only country Cambodia re­ The primary obstacle to securing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spects-to apply pressure. And we can compensation has been the requirement exert our own influence in an effort to Tuesday, April 11, 1978 that flshermen prove which vessel force the Khmer Rouge to observe the caused the damage for which compen­ • Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, there is basic human rights protected by the sation is sought. This has been partic­ a basic apprehension among many Amer­ United Nations Declaration of Human ularly difficult for fishermen who set ican people that any involvement or, in­ Rights. out traps or lay out long lines and are deed, concern, with the problems of As a matter of good conscience, we unable to constantly monitor their gear. Indochina and the Indochinese people cannot go on ignoring the plight of the In order to correct this problem, H.R. will lead us into another military conflict Indochinese people.• 10878 would create an insurance pro­ in that part of the world. gram which would protect fishermen This solicitude is proof of exactly how under what would be essentially a little we are willing to learn from our no-fault compensation program. This involvement in Southeast Asia. We FISHERMEN'S PROTECTIVE ACT would provide coverage for damage should not ignore the war as if it never COMMENDED attributed to both vessels and acts of happened. Rather we should closely ex­ God. The compensation procedure would amine the actions we took and learn be simplified and claims would be proc­ from our experiences. Indochina should HON. CHRISTOPHER J. DODD essed within 30 days. Any foreign ves­ not be the repressed trauma it has been OF CONNECTICUT sel which sought permission to fish in since April 17, 1975, when the last of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES U.S. waters would be required to par­ the government troops defending Phnom ticipate in the insurance program. Penh against the Khmer Rouge had put Monday, April 10, 1978 The Subcommittee on Fisheries and down their weapons. • Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, the House Wildlife expects the insurance program No one can deny that our involvement passed H.R. 10878, a bill amending the to be especially popular with independ­ in Southeast Asia is a blot on our history. Fishermen's Protective Aet. As the Con­ ent, small boat flshermen of whom This is a direct result of a series of bad gressman from the flshing district of there are a considerable number in the judgments. Bad judgment from those Connecticut, I am very pleased that this southeastern Connecticut region. I who got us involved. Bad judgment from bill, which I strongly supported, has been believe that the insurance program will those who misconceived exactly what our passed by the House. I would like to take provide fair and well-deserved compen­ mission was and how to complete it once this opportunity to discuss the reasons sation to our Nation's flshermen. we were involved. Finally, bad judgment why I believe this bill is important for The Fishermen's Protective Act from those who engineered the evacua­ the protection of our Nation's flshermen includes an amendment which author­ tions. and for the protection of endangered izes the President to embargo ftS'h prod­ This episode of our recent history has wildlife. ucts from countries whose nationals affected our behavior in sometimes un­ H.R. 10878 would extend until October act to diminish the effectiveness of acknowledged and generally detrimental 1981 the cooperative insurance program an international flsheries conservation ways-from mistreating our veterans at which compensates American fishermen program. The amendment, the Pell home to ignoring our obligations to the for damages incurred when foreign gov­ amendment, has proven to be an eff ec­ people of Indochina. It is ironic that ernments seize their vessels in territorial tive tool in our efforts to conserve the those who were involved with the war waters that are not recognized by the world's whales and to encourage other on this level seem somehow held respon­ United States. nations to observe both the word and sible for it. The cooperative insurance program is spirit of agreements reached by inter­ We are all familiar to some degree, an important protection extended to our national flshery conservation bodies. perhaps not enough, with the atrocities Nation's fishermen as they pursue their H.R. 10878 would extend the pro­ taking place in Cambodia. Reports from livelihoods in accordance with the law visions of the Pell amendment to refugees are continually pouring out of of the sea as recognized by the United include not only fisheries, but all endan­ that country from those who are lucky States. As the record of participation gered species. The President would be enough to escape. These reports are not demonstrates, the cooperative insurance authorized to embargo wildlife products given the attention they deserve. The pr.ogram has been received with enthu­ from nations which the Secretary of media is reluctant to cover these reports siasm and interest by our Nation's fisher- Commerce or the Secretary of the Inte- April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9715 rior have determined are diminishing been undertaken. Yet, the House was kept them going and sustained the Na­ the effectiveness of an international yesterday presented with a bill contain­ tion through extremely rough circum­ endangered species conservation pro­ ing a provision to increase that portion stances. Farmers are having to fight for gram. If the success of the Pelly amend­ of SBA disaster interest rates which will their lives but it is really the welfare of ment is any indication, this should be borne most heavily by businesses seek­ the consumers of the Nation and the prove an effective means for protecting ing loans under $250,000. world which is at stake. endangered species. I was also disappointed by the bill's However, farmers need more than H.R. 10878 significantly and bene­ lack of attention to the need for some sympathy and lipservice; they need ac­ ficially strengthens the Fishermen's margin of flexibility in determining eligi­ tion. This segment of our Nation's econ­ Protective Act. I look forward to H.R. bility for these SBA loans. I specifically omy has become a whipping boy. When 10878 protecting our fishermen and point to a case in my congressional dis­ food prices go up the farmers are endangered wildlife.• trict in which an SBA ruling made flood blamed, but when farm prices fall off victims ineligible for new, more favor­ while food prices continue to go up, the able interest rates effective July 1, 1976, farmers still seem to get most of the SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION because of an SBA determination that credit. PROGRAM AMENDMENTS AND AU­ the storm responsible for the flooding Recent meetings in Washington with THORIZATIONS began a day earlier. Even though the concerned farmers have resulted in a rainfall in the area affected was sig­ better understanding. They explained HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN nificantly greater on July 1, than the what problems they were faced with in preceding days, SBA's determination OF NEW YORK trying to make a living and we have ex­ concluded that the "actual" storm had plored in depth the alternatives that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES commenced earlier; thus, even though Congress and the administration might Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 the storm was in progress on July 1, 1976, pursue to help solve farm problems. • Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, while hav­ SBA arbitrarily ruled these flood victims In seeking a solution to this problem, ing generally supp-0rted H.R. 11445, the ineligible for disaster assistance at the I am always open to suggestions and will Small Business Administration programs newer higher interest rates. continue to support any constructive and authorizations-which passed the Thus, while realizing the obvious need measure and work with all means at my House yesterday-I am concerned that for extending SBA disaster assistance disposal to :find answers to provide op­ the bill contained a provision raising the and for backing the above provisions of portunity for a fair return for the farm­ interest rates for nonresidential natural H.R. 11445 for which I have indicated ers of this Nation. Hopfully, the farm disaster loans from 3 to 5 percent on the my support, I urge the Committee on legislation before us will :finally result in first $250,000 borrowed. Moreover, I ob­ Small Business to examine the urgent needed relief, at least on a temporary ject to the fact that this measure was need for flexibility in administering the basis until a more permanent and re­ brought to the floor under a procedure SBA disaster loan program, and to un­ sponsible program can be developed. not affording Members the opportunity dertake, as expeditiously as possible, a The grazing fee moratorium bill which to reject specific provisions contained comprehensive review of the interest I have sponsored, to hold down arbitrary in the bill. rates now scheduled for SBA disaster increases in costs to ranchers has passed Contained in H.R. 11445, is a section loans.• the House and is now awaiting action in authorizing $270 million for the expan­ the Senate. This bill will keep the cur­ sion of the SBA development center pro­ RISING COSTS AND VANISHING rent rates for at least one more year and gram for management and technical as­ MARKETS ENDANGER AMERICAN give Congress adequate time to thor­ sistance for the period fiscal year 1979 to FARMERS oughly consider other pending alterna­ fiscal year 1982. I support this provision, tives. and last session cosponsored legislation Regarding the 160-acre problem, this supporting the concept of small business HON. GEORGE HANSEN situation has been neutralized somewhat development centers. OF IDAHO for the time being since a California I am also firmly supp-0rtive of the con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Federal court de~lared that the Depart­ cept, as articulated in the committee re­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 ment of Interior could not put regula­ port accompanying H.R. 11445, that SBA tions into effect regarding this issue • Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, the United until an environmental impact statement disaster loans should be readily available States must develop adequate foreign to farmers. I am pleased that the pro­ had been prepared. The Interior Depart­ and domestic farm markets and control ment has reversed its original position posed move to exclude from eligibility the spiraling costs of production if for SBA disaster loans those small busi­ and agreed to prepare the statement and nesses which happen to be agricultural American agriculture is to remain strong not appeal the court decision. The best producers, was defeated. The most likely and free. estimate is that it will take about a year We must make ourselves more com­ for them to complete the statement. alternative for farmers to these SBA petitive by :finding new uses for agricul­ loans are disaster loans offered by the The adverse impact on Idaho and the Farmers Home Administration

WELCOME PRESIDENT CEAUSESC~ RUSSIAN ROULETTE AT THE Mr. Speaker, playing Russian roulette PANAMA CANAL at the Panama Canal or with any other part of America is dangerous to the . HON. MARIO BIAGGI security of the Nation and disastrous OF NEW YORK HON. GEORGE HANSEN to the morale of the people. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF mAHO Let us hope that Capitol Hill will stop Tuesday, April 11, 1978 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES making deals and start making more sound decisions to protect the well-being • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the Presi­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 of the citizens of this Nation.• dent of Romania, Nicolae Ceausescu, •Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, Members will be arriving today for a State visit to of the U.S. Senate who on one hand seek the United States. I am pleased to join closer ties with Castro's Cuba and on with our President and other members the other hand vote to give away the ITALIAN CULTURE WEEK of the Government in welcoming Presi­ Panama Canal are playing Russian dent Ceausescu to our country. . roulette with the peace and security of HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI Mr. Ceausescu has been in the news the United states and the Western lately regarding his ongoing efforts to OF NEW YORK Hemisphere. help bring about a peaceful settlement IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the Middle East. We recall his cou­ Cuba is the leading exporter of armed rageous efforts in helping to bring about revolution in the world, and the main Tuesday, April 11, 1978 Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's his­ neutralizer to their efforts in Central • Mr. ZEFERE'ITI. Mr. Speaker. the toric visit to Israel. and South America is the U.S. presence city of New York will soon be observing I am sure Mr. Ceausescu has earned in the Caribbean and particularly the Italian Culture Week during the week of the respect and admiration not only of Canal Zone. April 16-23. This occasion is a source of the parties to the Middle East dispute, Cuban revolutionary efforts which great pride for the millions of Italian but of world leaders and diplomats the have been so successful in Africa failed Americans not only in New York City, world over who have tried often enough miserably in the Americas under the but for those across the Nation. to help bring peace to the Middle East. I notorious Communist Che Gueverra We stand proud of our rich heritage, hope Mr. Ceausescu's further efforts in mainly because of the stabilizing infiu­ for the sons and daughters of Italy have this area will bring additional fruitful ence of the United States emanating made invaluable contributions in all results. from our military and commercial fields of human endeavor, including sci­ President Ceausescu, however, is not control of the Panama Canal. ence, education, the arts, sports. and coming to the United States solely to dis­ Removal of U.S. infiuence in Latin other areas too numerous to mention at cuss the prospects for peace in the Mid­ America could well create a power this time. Their achievements have all dle East, although I am certain that that vacuum which would most naturally be too often been ignored by our history will be a major topic of discussion. He is filled by the aggressive revolution­ books, but these individuals are giants in also concerned about the continued trade peddling Government of Cuba. the hearts of all Italian Americans. relationship with the United States that Some Senators have tried to defend It cannot be denied that the news from has been ongoing for nearly 2 years. their votes by claiming they have signif­ our native land has been less than en­ Romania enjoys most-favored-nation icantly changed the treaty with amend­ couraging during the past few months, status in our trading relationship and ments. That is an argument I just the most recent incident being the kid­ that status has sparked a major growth cannot buy. naping of former Prime Minister Aldo ln commerce between our two nations. None of the amendments or reserva­ Moro. We must keep in mind, however, It is interesting to note that the United tions adopted change the fundamental that this increase in terrorist activity is States has benefited in this arrange­ weakness of the first treaty. That weak­ not unique to Italy alone. These heinous ment with the balance of payments on ness is that "in time of peace and in attacks have.sadly become a fact of life the surplus side for our country. time of war" the canal will remain in nations throughout the world. Romania is obtaining the much needed "secure and open" for the vessels of all The kidnaping of Moro is a further heavy industrial equipment to expand iis nations. indication that no government or amount economy and has found a market for its This means that if Cuba wanted to of protection can adequately thwart ter­ various consumer products such as ship troops through the canal to sup­ rorism. There is no doubt in my mind gloves, men's wear, and glassware. port a revolt against an anti-Communist that Italy will survive this tragedy. but There are problems with the human government in South America, the its recovery can be hastened if the rights questions that are raised frequent­ United States would have to permit the United States and other democracies ly with respect to Romania. These ques­ ships to pass. And this analogy can be throughout the world off er their support. tions must be raised and discussed in an further expanded in areas of national That is why I have joined many of my atmosphere of friendship and mutual security. colleagues in cosponsoring House Reso­ cooperation for world peace. Many Senators have ignored the lution 1082, which expresses Congress My hope is that the Romanian Gov­ wishes of their constituents and the best condemnation ' of the Moro kidnaping ernment under the able and enlightened interests of the country, and caved in and terrorism around the globe. leadership of President Ceausescu will before the pressures of appeasement The Political and social unrest inher­ continue to provide for the equal rights and massive White House lobbying to ent in today's Italy cannot dim the lure of all its citizens and assure those who pass the Neutrality Treaty. of that country's art, music, landmarks, wish to leave that country for other lands It is widely known that the reason and other contributions that have en­ that they will have the right to emigrate. many Senators are taking this position riched the history of the world for un­ In this area, my own experience in the is that the Carter administration has told centuries. That nation has with­ past has been good and I am hopeful that pulled out all the stops and is making stood the turbulence of numerous wars, the Romanian Government will continue offers that apparently they cannot earthquakes, and other disasters--both to be responsive to all requests for exit refuse. Cabinet members were asked to natural and manmade--that have de­ visas. come up with pork barrel projects to stroyed weaker nations, and I remain Mr. Speaker, my colleagues, I hope help sway 1.llldecided Senators while firm in believing that today's turmoil that the spirit of cooperation and friend­ the administration offered to change will also be overcome. ship that has been engendered by Presi­ its position on other issues favored by We, of Italian heritage, must rally be­ dent Nicolae Ceausescu will be a guiding certain Senators and in some cases hind our homeland during these trying light for our relations with other nations opposing party members were assured of times, and I again remind all Americans in the Communist bloc. I further hope no opposition in this year's election. of the valuable contributions made by that President Ceausescu's personal ef­ One treaty supporter put it very well Americans of Italian descent. Having forts to help move the stalemated when he suggested the President was helped found and expand our United Egyptian-Israeli talks forward will be more like the master of ceremonies at States, they continue to play a vital role successful as well.• "Let's Make a Deal." in the strengthening of our country. 9718 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 I, for one, am proud of my Italian the stake of every American citizen in main­ turn down the road toward l>rotectionistn, heritage, and I applaud New York City taining an open international trading sys­ our major trading partners would face ir­ officials for declaring this week of salute tem. resistible demands to impose their own bar­ In the 30-plus yea.rs since World War II, riers. And the developing countries, caught to Italy and its descendants.• we have enjoyed a mounting level of ln the squeeze between high energy prices prosperity. Our people have enjoyed the and narrowing export prospects, would be fruits of an outward looking economy, forced to restrict their imports as well. vigorously engaged in a steadily more open The American people have a vital interest VANCE SPEAKS ON FREE TRADE and active world commerce. We have grown in a progressively more open trading system. from a $200 billion economy to a $1.9 trillion we have far too much at stake to benefit, in economy, in no small measure because we any lasting sense, from a new wave of inter­ HON. PAUL SIMON have seized the opportunities afforded by national protectionism. OF ILLINOIS our superior technological and industrial One out of every eight manufacturing Jobs in the United States depends on exports. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capabilities to expand the reach of our eco­ nomy to every corner of the globe. We have For every one of those jobs, another one-in Tuesday, April 11, 1978 been able to do this because we have suc­ a. supporting industry-is created. ceeded in fostering a progressively more open Every third acre of U.S. farmland produces • Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, I would like world trading system, one that has enabled for export. Each dollar of those agricultural to call to my colleagues' attention a re­ us to generate new markets, new jobs, and exports stimulates more than a dollar's cent speech by Secretary of State Cyrus new choices for the American consumer. worth of output in a food-related industry. Vance, "America's Stake in an Open In 1962 President John Kennedy told us Today, one out of every three dollars of Trading System." the. t a. rising tide of in temational trade U.S. corporate profits is derived from inter­ Some sectors of our economy are would lift all boats. He was right. Our com­ national activities. threatened by imports. In my own dis­ mitment to vigorous world trade has served Exports of our goods and services now trict, shoe companies and other indus­ us well. contribute nearly $200 billion to our gross At this moment, however, we face national product. tries have been hurt. I support the ef­ unusually difficult strains on our economy. Two-thirds of our imports are essential forts being made by Ambassador Robert There is a strong impulse to abandon our raw materials, or goods we cannot readily Strauss and others in the administration commitment to an open world trading sys­ produce. From automobiles to newspapers, to insure that our trading partners are tem-to draw our wagons into a circle. from Jet aircraft to household appliances, playing the game fairly. We appear to Let there be no mistake a.bout the sensi­ many of our industries depend upon im­ be moving well in the right direction. tivity of this Administration to the reality ported materials. I also favor programs, such as eco­ of those strains and the necessity to deal, What I have just described ls the profile constructively and effectively, with the of a nation whose prosperity depends upon nomic adjustment assistance, that help ca.uses and the consequences of current eco­ an open trading system. workers in this country who have lost nomic difficulties. Unemployment ls more The impact of America's trade with the their jobs due to imports. Because of my than a statistic to a family without a job. world is felt in each of your states. Let me concerns about the impact of foreign Inflation is a corrosive that ea.ts away at cite just a few examples. trade, I have joined the Congressional the hope of every American for a better For the State of Washington, international Steel Caucus and the House Informal future. The damage to a community when a. trade accounts for a. substantial part of the factory shuts its gates can be devastating. $5.6 billion in aircraft equipment which the Working Group on Textiles. United States exported in 1977. I am also concerned, however, about As the President indicated in his State of the Union Message, bolstering our domes­ Nebraska contributed about 11 percent of the trend toward protectionism that ap­ tic economy is at the top of this Admin­ the $5.6 billion of feedgrains we exported in pears to be evident in this country and istration's , agenda. The comprehensive 1976. among many Members of Congress. As economic pr(>gram which the President sub­ Ohio has a vital interest in international ' Secretary Vance points out in his speech, mitted to Congress in January presents the trade as well. The tire, steel, and electrical protectionist actions by the United clear outlines of a. coordinated strategy to equipment industries in Ohio depend upon States would do direct harm to our own expand our industrial productivity, to imports of critical materials such as natural create new job opportunities, and to de­ rubber, manganese, and cobalt. interests. For Oregon, the importance of trade ts Before we consider any protectionist velop a more consistent and dependable eco­ nomic climate for private investment and clear. In 1976 more than 8 percent of total moves, we should remember that if we trade. U.S. exports to Japan, more than 12 percent restrict trade, other countries will do We all share the same economic goals: to of our exports to Korea, and more than 25 the same. This occurred in the 1930's keep our recovery on course; to enhance the percent of our exports to India passed with disastrous consequences. The costs economic security and well-being of our through Oregon's ports. to the public of such actions at this time people; and to assure that the benefits and I could go on: with Arkansas, which con­ would also be disastrous. One of every burdens of a. dynamic economy a.re equitably tributes more to our exports of poultry and shared. But we must be careful how we rice than any other state; with Massachu­ eight manufacturing jobs in this country setts, which contributes substantially to our depends on exports, and each of these pursue these goals. We must avoid short­ term responses to current pressures that rapidly growing exports of electrical and jobs create another one in a supporting mortgage our future interests. We must health care equipment, as well as computers industry. Every third acre of American resist the temptation to insulate ourselves and accounting machines; with Texas, which farmland produces goods for export. In from international economic competition, for is a major exporter of cotton and industrial my State of Illinois it is one out of two we are a nation that thrives on world trade. chemicals; with New Jersey, where foreign acres. Exports contribute a total of $200 We cannot lose sight of one simple proposi­ trade provides a livelihood for about one in tion: To buy from us, other nations must ft vo workers. billion to our gross national product. In all, 22 states have established offices in Many of our industries depend on im­ be able to sell to us. It is essential to recognize that the eco­ Europe and Asia. t-0 promote trade and to en­ ported materials to produce their final nomic strains that we feel are by no means courage foreign investment in the United goods. confined to the United States; indeed, our States, evidence of the direct concern you If we invoke protectionist policies, our economy is strong when compared with most have demonstrated in fostering vigorous in­ consumers would suffer from rising of our trading partners. The sharp increase ternational competition. prices and rampant inftation. As many as in on prices in 1973-74 sent world inflation There are, of course, sectors of our econ­ 10 million Jobs would be jeopardized. rates upward and helped push the world omy that are threatened by imports. It ls economy into recession. Recovery has been tempting to think that we can solve many .. American consumers and workers would of our economic pr6bleins by insulating these be the losers. slow. Unemployment is unacceptably high. Large surpluses have been accumulated by industries from import competition. But the Secretary Vance's speech is an effec­ some of the oil exporting countries while the costs to the American public would be enor­ tive antidote to protectionist pressures, consuming countries grapple with the cor­ mous: and I would like to insert it, as well as responding deficits. These deficits lead coun­ Consumers-particularly poor and middle · a column I wrote some weeks ago on tries to try to import less and export more, income Americans-would suffer. They would ·· international trade, into the RECORD at something which all countries obviously pay more for what they buy and they would this point: cannot do simultaneously. have less choice. These strains create pressures here and Inflation would be fueled. Import restric­ AMERICA'S STAKE IN AN OPEN TRADING abroad to turn to policies that restrict trade. tions not only push consumer costs up, they SYSTEM Until now, the industrial countries, despite add substantially to producer costs as well, (By Secretary of State Cyrus Vance) these unprecedented economic stresses, driving prices upward and undermining the . I am delighted to have this opportunity to have, for the most part, resisted the rush competitiveness of many of the goods we meet with you today. I want to talk about toward trade restriction. But if we should produce. April 11, 19 7 8 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9719

Jobs would be jeopardized. If U.S. con­ the Trade Act of 1974, which provides for and international development will also suf­ sumers have to spend more on some items temporary relief to industries injured by fer. We would be fostering a kind of na­ because of import restrictions, they will have imports. The disruption caused to families tionalism which could shake our alliances less to spend on other goods and services, the and communities by particular trade prob­ and undermine our efforts to build interna­ great bulk of which are produced here at lems cannot be ignored. Under this au­ tional cooperation across the entire range home by American workers. And just as im­ thority, the Administrtaion during the past of pressing global issues. portant, protectionism against our trading year negotiated orderly marketing agree­ Protectionism is a dangerous gamble in partners breeds protectionism by our trading ments with Taiwan and Korea for shoes and which everybody loses. That is the indelible partners against us. Nearly 10 million Amer­ with Japan for color TV sets. lesson of history. A wave of trade restrictions ican jobs depend on our exports. No Adminis­ In implementing these laws we will adhere in the early 1930's deepened a worldwide de­ tration committed to protecting the jobs of to the principle that our actions must ~e pression. The desperate e::onomic situation every American worker should embark upon temporary and limited only to the mim­ that existed then in Europe certainly con­ a course that could unleash a new and dan­ mum relief necessary. Such measures should tributed to the popularity of authoritarian erous era of trade warfare. not become permanent. Trade relief should movements. Today we cannot close our eyes In short, we cannot protect jobs in some provide breathing space for adjustment, not to the relationship between economic growth industries without endangering the liveli­ a subsidy for inefficiency. and political stability around the world. hood of more workers in other industries. We Third, we must stimulate lagging U.S. ex­ Today, as much as in any period of our cannot solve the problem of an unemployed ports. On December 21, the President an­ history, American leadership is called for. steel worker in a way which costs a machinist Others are looking to us. Unless we demon­ nounced steps that will enable us to re­ strate our resolve to move toward a fairer his job. Our policy must look to the future of spond more creatively and energetically to both. We must continue the momentum of and more open trading system, such a system export opportunities. He has asked Con­ simply will not evolve. Unless we adjust to the last three decades toward more open gress for an unprecedented $15 billion ex­ trade among nations, while at the same time a changing international economy-an in­ pansion of direct lending authority for the ternational economy in which we have a we deal fairly and humanely with short-term Export-Import Bank over the next five years. dislocations. major stake-America's interests will ser­ And he has directed the Department of Com­ iously suffer. Let me discuss the steps this Administra­ merce to vigorously assist U.S. exports, in tion is taking to pursue both our immediate We will need your help. Together we can ways that are consistent with an open trad­ meet the immediate challenges that face us and future goals. ing system. First, we are engaged in a major and com­ without endangering our future. And to­ Finally, we must insure that no segment gether we can work to build an international prehensive effort to devise a more open and of the population is forced to bear the bur­ equitable trading system. We are seeking economic system that expands opportunity den of a more open trading system without and fosters peace. in the multilateral trade negotiations in being 1'elped to find new opportunities. The Geneva, along with our trading partners, to Administr'ation is committed to making achieve a comprehensive reduction-and THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE DILEMMA sometimes elimination-of industrial tariffs trade adjustments assistance more effective. (By Congressman PAUL SIMON) and an easing of barriers to our vital The delivery of benefits to displaced workers and communities must be accelerated. We How much Japanese steel should the agricultural exports. United States permit to enter for sale here? This effort, if successful, will stimulate have been experimenting with new types of programs, such as one in the footwear in­ How many pairs of shoes from Taiwan and expanded opportunities for world trade. But Korea should be permitted to enter the U.S.? more than tariffs are involved in the Geneva dustry, where teams from government and industry are working together to improve What should we do about imports of textiles negotiations: into the United States? Should we require We are working toward international rules th"' competitiveness of our firms. We cannot prevent change. Our economy Mid-East oil to come to our country in U.S. that limit the use of government procure­ ships? ment policies and subsidy practices that is dynamic and it must remain so. But we These are among the questions Congress distort trade; can and must help affected industries and and the President are struggling with these We are seeking to reduce or eliminate a workers to adjust to change-through mod­ days. variety of other nontariff barriers which im­ ernization, retraining, and facilitating shifts What is at stake are American jobs, jobs pede trade; and of resources to more productive sectors. in others countries, inflations and our rela­ We are making a serious effort to improve Trade policy alone cannot carry the entire tionships with other countries. international procedures under which gov­ burden of solving this Nation's economic And there are no easy answers. ernments take actions to protect their citi­ problems. We must also have an effective If we restrict the ability of other nations zens against sudden surges of imports. energy policy and we must have it soon. Un­ to sell to us, they restrict our ability to sell The negotiations in Geneva will establish less we curb our unchecked appetite for for­ to them. One out of every eight U.S. indus­ the framework of world trade for years to eign oil-on which we spent $44.6 billion trial jobs is dependent on exports. In Illinois come. This will involve tough negotiating in last year, or 30 percent of our total Import roughly one out of every two acres of farm­ the months ahead. Some argue that we bill-we will not begin to reverse the $30 land is used for exports. should pull back and wait out this period of billion U.S. trade deficit. We must take the So there is a danger that if we protect economic uncertainty. We believe just the difficult steps that are required to reduce ourselves in one area, we will hurt ourselves opposite: that succe!::sful completion of this our requirements for imported oil and to in another. major effort to expand trade and strengthen promote the development of other energy Steel provides a good example. Steel pro­ its international rules will increase busi­ s011rces. Both for our energy and trade needs. duction is down about 20 percent from 1973. ness confidence and spur our recovery. Am­ passage of domestic energy legislation ls That means a great many steelworkers are bassador Bob Strauss is determined to bring imperative. out of jobs. And it is getting worse. A simple back a package of agreements that will bol­ Nor can we solve our economic problems way to solve part of the problem would be to ster our economy and those of our trading by ourselves. No single country or group of put greater restrictions on steel imports partners. We look to you for guidance and countries can shoulder the adjustment to a (primarily from Japan) to the United States. support as this process unfolds. changing world economy. Some successful But another Illinois corporation, Cater­ Second, as we work to secure enduring exporting countries have been seen as taking pillar, is one of the nation's largest exporters improvement in the world trading system, ad11antage of the relatively open U.S. market, and thousands of Illinois jobs are dependent this Administration will fully and vigor­ while at the same time restricting their on those Caterpillar exports. About five per­ ously enforce the laws which have been markets to imports. This contributes to cent of the steel Caterpillar now uses comes enacted to stop unfair trade practices aimed protectionist pressure among their trading at American industries. American workers from foreign producers, the other 95 percent partners. from U.S. steelmakers. must be confident that their Government we recently concluded a series of intensive will insist that all nations play by the rules. If the United States makes too big a fuss discussions with Japan leading to its com­ over that five percent from foreign markets, We must also insure that our enforcement mitment to open its markets further. Japan mechanisms are effective. In the case of steel, we stand a chance of losing substantial sales has also announced its plans to accelerate of Caterpillar products overseas, hurting the where widespread "dumping" threatened to its growth. The fact that we encouraged overtake our enforcement capabilities, we people in Peoria and Joliet and Decatur who Japan to open its market to imports rather manufacture Caterpillar, and hurting the developed a "trigger price" device to enable than to restrict its exports illustrates a us to respond promptly and effectively to this steelworkers who make the 95 percent of basic principle of our trade policy: that the American steel Caterpillar now uses. unfair trade practice. Al though steel has whenever possible we will .resolve our prob­ been the most prominent case recently, it is lems with an "outward" or trade expanding Steel companies all over the world have not the only action we have taken against orientation. been having a tough time during this re­ unfair practices. We have moved to prevent An outward looking trade policy is not a cession. The best answer to all of these dumping of other products, and have taken luxury for the United States. It is pure problems is to get the world economy mov­ countervailing duty action against such economic necessity. Even more than our trade ing again. items as leather goods from Latin America is at stake. For, if we let ourselves slide into But U.S. steel problems have been aggra­ and fish from Canada. the unpredictable business of protectionism, vated by cost increases substantially greater We also intend to carry out the mandate of international investment, monetary affairs, than the general inflation trend. In the past CXXIV--612-Part 8 9720 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 five years industrial prices generally have says "has proven to be of little use to the GIVE DISC A CHANCE risen 55 percent, while steel has gone up 79 Federal Government and is burdensome to percent. the public." We ask that registration for beer­ Factors which have caused this include: makers be eliminated from the bill. HON. MICHAEL T. BLOUIN A 66 percent increase in hourly wages. 2. We ask elimination from the bill of the OF IOWA Coal, iron ore and steel scrap have all risen limit of 30 gallons of beer in a household at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES more than 100 percent. any one time. It provides no such limit for Stricter environmental standards. wine. Both beer and wine must be aged for Tuesday, April 11, 1978 It costs Japan 15 to 20 percent less than months, so several batches can be around the U.S. manufacturers to produce a ton of steel. house even though little is being consumed. • Mr. BLOUIN. Mr. Speaker, recently When you add transportation costs for ship­ 3. We ask annual limits based on the I offered testimony to the House Ways ment from Japan, they can sell for about amount of alcohol in beer and wine, not on and Means Committee on why I believe five percent less than the U.S. producers. the amount of water. The present bill would the Domestic International Sales Corp. And there are some who charge that U.S. limit both beer-making and wine-making to should be continued and not be steel manufacturers simply have not kept up 100 gallons a year for single individual­ phased out as is currently proposed in with steel producers in other countries !n households, 200 gallons for larger households. pending tax reform legislation. More­ modernizing and using the latest production Because beer contains less than half as much over, I attempted to specifically draw techniques. alcohol as wine does, we ask limits for beer One of the things that can be done to of 200 gallons and 400 gallons. attention to the fact that DISC h'ls protect U.S. workers is to provide better job With these amendments, the bill would be m-ide a significant contribution to the guarantees in the United States. This would a good one, establishing controls without un­ overall economic well being of my home help promote peace of mind among the fair restrictions "burdensome to the State of Iowa. workers and their families. public." e Mr. Speaker, it does not appear to be Second, import laws which alre3.dy exist coincidental that many are reevaluating should be enforced with much greater firm­ their position on DISC. For in.stance, ness. The old business of winking at viola­ MAD DOCTRINE it might be well to point out that in a tions of foreign import regulations has to be made a thing of the past. recent survey conducted by the National Agreements we have with other countries HON. FORTNEY ff. (PETE) STARK Federation of Independent Businesses have to be enforced more rigidly. Hungary agreed to c.ccept a pendence, we American-Hungarians have business loans and action taken within linkage between trade and emigration of cpenly and freely espoused total withdrawal H.R. 11445 of benefit to individual home­ Jewish pers::ms and other mincrities, we are of Soviet troops from Hungary as one of the owners.• much more concerned about emigration in conditions for returning the Holy Crown of a far broader term. According to latest statis­ Saint Stephen to Hungary. This condition, tics, Hungary has only 2 percent minorities, however, has not been met, and this holy including 1 percent Jewish. We find it only relic, (a revered symbol of our national heri­ CARTER PROPOSAL HEARTENING f ; ir to ask you, Mr. Secretary, to intervene tage) is being returned despite the existence TO HUNGARIAN PEOPLE for the same rights for 98 percent Magyars, of tyranny in our native land. who are 55 percent Roman Catholic, 20 per­ In addition, after the American and Hun­ cent Calvinist, 5 percent Lutherans, a:i.d tl:e garian auth orities signed the recent trade HON. JAMES M. HANLEY remainder of other faiths. agreement, Hungary "persuaded" four lead­ OF NEW YORK Secondly, tra·;el and emigration by young ing dissidents to leave the country. These IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hungarians to the West falls into an area dissidents were among those Hungarian in­ of the strictest co:i.trol by Communist au­ tellectuals who in late 1976, sent an open Tuesday, April 11, 1978 thorities. It is futile, if not impos~ible, for letter of solidarity to signatories of Chap­ • Mr. HANLEY. Mr. Speaker, I recently a Hungarian family to obtain a visa to the ter 77 in Czechoslovakia. By exiling them to West, as some members must remain behind the West, the Communist-controlled Hun­ received a letter from Tibor Helcz, the as hostages. Family reunificaticns are at a garian government again demonstrated re­ national chairman of the Federation of standstill, with authorities employing in­ jection of freedom of speech. Hungarian Former Political Prisoners, timidation, haras:;ment, and im::irisonment We stand behind President Carter in his concerning President Carter's proposal against those w:r..o persist in exercising their attempt to grant .. most favored nation that Hungary be granted most-favored human rights. When Hungarians are denied status" to Hungary. We firmly believe his nation status. The organization, con­ legal me:lns of en:igration, they are then dedication to human rights will create a sisting of former prisoners of Nazi and left with the risky, often lethal a venue of warmer political atmosphere in which our Communist prison camps, is dedicated e3cape from their country. Federation's desire for amnesty to political E-ecti:m 203/ 1 of the ::-i ungarian Pe:ial Code dissenters in Hungary and a full implemen­ to the cause of seeing full human rights prescribes sentences of from six months to tation of the Helsinki Accords will become a extended to the people of Hungary. They five yea.rs imprisonmsnt for attempts to cross reality. should be congratulated for their work the border without permission. Incidents of We would be most grateful, Mr. Secretary, to assure Hungarian compliance with border shootings are not uncommon. for your supporting our Federation's efforts. the Helsinki accords. Indeed, this is why Amnesty International, the 1977 Nobel Ee assured, we shall persist with firmest it is particularly heartening to hear that Pe.;i.ce Prize-winning human rights organiza­ determination and faith in our endeavors to they endorse the granting of most-fa­ tion ha::> adopted Sandor Rudovics, a twenty­ restore fundamental human rights in our seven year old factory worker, from the city native Hungary. vored nation status to Hungary. Hope­ of Szombathely, who with his wife, departed Respectfully yours, fully, the creation of a warmer climate Hungary in 1973 for Austria, le:wing their TIBOR liELCZ, between our two countries will result in baby daughter behind. Chairman.e great improvements in the basic human "The authorities refused to grant permis­ rights of the Hungarian people. sion for their daughter to leave Hungary to Mr. Helcz has communicated this join her parents. On October 10, 1974, Sandor Rudovi::s returned to Hungary and tried to NO REMOVAL OF MILITARY BASES message to Secretary of State Cyrus leave the country with his daughter without WITHOUT AN ACT OF CONGRESS Vance, and because of its importance I official permission. He was a rrested and sen­ would like to insert a copy of this letter tenced to two years imprisonment on charges in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, assuring of crossing the .frontier illegally. After spend­ HON. GEORGE HANSEN that this body will have this organiza­ ing two years in prison, Sandor Rudovics OF IDAHO tion's views before it when we consider made another attempt to cross the frontier IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in August, 1976. He was again arrested." the issue. Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 The letter follows: (Amnesty International Report, 1977, Page 255) This persecution is a direct violation • Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, the House FEDERATION OF HUNGARIAN of the Helsinki Accords. on February 28 took an unheralded but FORMER POLITICAL PRISONERS, The other well-publicized case in connec­ Syracuse, N .Y., March 24, 1978. tion with the supposedly guaranteed "free­ significant stride toward forcing recog­ Hon. CYRUS VANCE, dom of travel" is Jeno Farkas' arrest in an nition of the constitutional role of the Secretary of State, The Department of aborted escape from Eungary on April 27, U.S. House of Representatives in con­ State, Washington, D .C. 1977, his eighth attempt. He previously lan­ sideration of the proposed Panama DEAR MR. SECRETARY: We, The Federation guished for 8 y2 years in Hungarian prisons Canal treaties. of Hungarian Former Political Prisoners, for his desire to leave the country. We can Working with the leadership and staff have frequently expressed our support for a cite hundreds of cases such as Rudovics' and of the House Armed Services Commit­ proposal by the United States to grant Hun­ Farkas'. gary "most favored nation" status. Recently, Thirdly. another area we are most deeply tee I introduced a bill H.R. 11201 now we were pleased when the State De-oartment concerned with on the human rights issue is cosponsored by over 80 percent of the announced the Hungarian and Unit-ed States lack of freedom of S')eech in Hungary. "Agi­ committee's members designed to block governments signed a .r.ew trade agreement . tation," the catch-all category of the Section any transfer of military bases in the as Hungary is now placed in the same special 127 of the Hungarian Penal Code, prescribes Panama Canal Zone without action by category as Poland and Romania by lifting pric::on sentences of up to eie-ht years for acts both Houses of Congress. restrictions on imports in return fer freer lia~le to "incite others" to "hatred" directed This !:>ill has been referred to the juris­ emigration. against the State and international relations We must stress first and abm·e all that of Hungary. His code is a suppression of any diction of the Armed Services Commit­ the Federation of Hungarian Former Polit­ criticism of the government. tee, and the overwhelming support ical Prisoners is a human rights movement. According to official Hungarian statistics. evidenced among its members should in­ Each of us has survived Ion~ years of im­ at l~t 100 citizens were convicted of such dicate the possibilities of early con­ prisonment and untold anguish in Nazi and "incitement" in 1975. Later figures were sideration and passage which I am now Communist (or both!) prison camps. For denied us. urging with the cooperation and help of this reason, we are solidly de1icated in our The case of Dr. Maria Dombovari-Lorincz, key committee members. struggle to obtain human rights for our a medical doctor from Budapest. is a sad ex­ fellow Hungarians in Soviet-dominated E"lst­ This action adds strength to my res­ ample of freedom of speech ·in Hungary. She olution pending before the House Mer­ ern Europe and to obtain release of Hun­ was charged in 1977 under Article 127 / 6 to garian political prisoners. "incite hatred against alliance and friend­ chant Marine and Fisheries Commit­ Reportedly, the U.S. Government claims ship betwe'.m Hungary and other countries " tee which now has 237 cosponsors, well that Hungary is the most "liberal" of all Dr. Dombovari had publicly denounced the over half the Members of the House, de­ Communist-bloc countries. We must insist, presence of Soviet troops stationed in Hun- manding that the House as well as the April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9723 Senate act in any transfer of U.S. prop-. Panama or any foreign government of any withstanding any other provision of law, no erty in Panama-a resolution which is right to, title to, or interest in t ::: e property right, title, or interest of the United States of the United States Government agencies in or to any real property located in the ' being urged to early :fioor action by dis­ in the Panama Canal Zone or any real prop­ Canal Zone which on the date of the enact­ charge petition which is rapidly moving erty and improvements thereon located in ment of this Act is under the jurisdiction of toward the necessary number of the Zone has not been received timely even the Secretary of a military department may signatures. though consideration of proposed related be transferred or otherwise disposed of unless Since this legislation has the support treaties is currently in process in the United such transfer or disposal has been specifically of the chairman and a large majority of States Senate, authorized by Act of Congress enacted after committee members as cosponsors, No·N therefore, be it enactej by the House the date of the enactment of this Act.e there is considerable likelihood that the of Representatives and the Senate of the legislation can be moved along at an United States of America in CongTess as­ early date, if necessary, to adequately sembled. That notwithstanding any other provision of law, no right, title, or interest QUIET STRENGTH impress upon the Senate and this ad­ of the United States in or to any real prop­ ministration that the House will not be erty located in the Canal Zone which on the bypassed and trifled with in its respon­ date of the ena:::tment of this Act is under HON. J. J. PICKLE the jurisdiction of the Secretary of a mili­ sibilities to the American people. OF TEXAS The administration since last Novem­ tary department may be transferred or other­ ber has promised and not delivered im­ wise disposej of unless such transfer or dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES posal has been specifically authorized by Act Tuesday, April 11, 1978 plementing legislation for the proposed of Congress enacted after the date of the treaties and more and more Members enactment of this Act. • Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, while we are concerned that the treaty process And further, be it understood that we the were away from Washington, the Wash­ consideration will go too far too fast be­ undersigned petitioners as sponsors of said ington Post ran a feature story on Sec­ fore the real facts are made available to legislation who among us constitute a ma­ retary of Lator Ray Marshall on the the Congress. jority of well over two-thirds of the House front page of the Saturday "style" sec­ This has made the huge unprecedented Committee on Armed Services do hereby re­ tion of March 25, 1978. effort of assertion of rights by the House c;,uer.t of the Chairman of such committee urgent and priority action in consideration Since we did not get to see the story, of Representatives necessary. of this bill, this consideration being in keep­ I want to share it in the CONGRESSIONAL What it boils down to is not just a ing with a majority of Members of the House RECORD. fight over giving away the Panama of Representatives, as demonstrated by the The story is a story of life, and how Canal but a possibly even more im­ 223 cosponsors on record in support of H. life can be led when it is difficult, and portant fight over giving away basic con­ Con. Res. 347 upholding the provisions of hurting to go forward. This is an excel­ stitutional safeguards protecting the Article 4, Section 3, Clause 2 of the U.S. Constitution. lent story of the able Ray Marshall and peoples' interests. his family: I have formally requested expeditious Hon. MELVIN PRICE, LAB::>R'S RAY MARSHALL: WRESTLING WITH committee action and the following res­ Chairman, Armed Services, PUBLIC: AND PRIVATE CRISES olution signed by a majority of the Washington, D.C. HIS FffiST PRINCIPLE IS NOT TO WORRY ABOUT members of the Armed Services Com­ DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: Since the Panama THE THINGS HE CANNOT CHANGE mittee urging early consideration of the Canal Treaties seem to be in their final stages (By Jacqueline Trescott) bill was presented to the chairman to of consideration before the U.S. Senate, and sin:::e it appears that a conscious effort is It was 4 a.m. one Saturday morning last signify firm support for whatever ex­ month and Ray Marshall didnt want to go pediting steps he deems necessary. being made to bypass the House of Repre­ sen ta ti ves through unprecedented applica­ into the Labor Department's auditorium and The resolution, a letter, and a bill tions of the concept of self-implementing tell the press the coal talks had broken down. follow: tre3.ties, and since it appears that the House Again. RESOLUTION UPHOLDING BASIC CONSTITUTIONAL will need to assert its authority under Arti­ Marshall was fatigued and finally discour­ AUTHORITY OF CONGRESS cle IV, Section 3, Clause 2 of the U.S. Consti­ aged. On only a few hours sleep, he had spent In support of legislation to prohibit the tution to act timely in matters of transfer the previous 2 Y:i days in an intensified round transfer or other disposal of any military or disposal of U.S. property to a foreign of bargaining and caucusing, and had been installation located in the Panama Canal go7ernment, it appears necessary that the optimistic that an end to the 73-day-old Zone without the specific authorization Committee on Armed Services which has strike was in sight. He had been shuttling of Congress significant jurisdiction in the Canal Zone between the White House, where the coal Whereas, the United States Government because of key military installations there~n operators were waiting in the Roosevelt has enjoyed right of ac~ess, possession, owner­ situated, call up H.R. 11201 for immediate Room, and his office, where the bargaining ship, and title to the Panama Canal Zone as consideration. council of the United Mine Workers was defined by previous treaties and enactments This legislation has a large number of camped out. of law through payments to French interests, sponsors including over 80 percent of the Now all the work and all the hours seemed to the Republic of Panama, to private land Members of the Armed Services Committee for naught. And the beleaguered Marshall owners of the Canal Zone and indemnifica­ and is similar to H. Con. Res. 347 which has wa.:> tired of black coffee, tired of the spare­ tion of Columbia; and 237 cosponsors. rib dinners the staff was ordering for this Whereas, the Supreme Court in the 1907 The situation is urgent in terms of the son of a Louisiana tenant farmer. case of Wilson vs. Shaw ruled that the Constitutional authority and responsibilities This endless night the secretary didn't Panama Canal Zone is titled. Property of the of the House and this legislation stipulates even try to relieve the tension with a Bob United States; and that "no right, title or interest of the United Newhart routine. (His imitation is unrivaled, Whereas, authorization and appropriation States .. . in the Canal Zone .. . under the says his staff.) Everything was unraveling of funds by Act of Congress as provided by jurisdiction of the Secretary of a military and he hated to say that out loud. the Constitution of the United States is :!::lepartment may be transferred ... unlP.ss "Folks" said Marshall, hesitating a little necessary and unavoidable for alteration, such transfer ... has been specifically au­ as he faced the bleary-eyed press corps, modification, or removal of military instal­ thorized by Act of Congress ... " "sorry. we can't reach an agreement. The lations in the Panama Canal Zone; and Mr. Chairman, again your early action is bargaining council voted down the last offer, Whereas, under Article IV of the Unitej respectfully requested to deal with what ap­ 39-0. It looks like it's not going to be pos­ States Constitution the Congress shall have pe:us to be a serious constitutional challenge sible for us to have a negotiated settlement." t ::> the traditional a.lthority of the House Power to dispose of and make all needful But the painful night was not over for Rules and Regulations respecting the Ter­ and our legitimate role as Representatives of the people of the United States. Marshall. As he wrestled with the coal strike, ritory or other Property belonging to the the first major crisis during his 14 months United States; and Sincerely, GEORGE Hl\NSEN, as Labor secretary, he also had been coping Whereas, under Article I of the Constitu­ Member of Congress. with a personal ordeal. Within a five-week tion money shall not be drawn from the period, his son, Christopher, 15, had two Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropria­ operations for cancer. On January 30, Chris tions made by Law; and H .R. 11201 had an arm and shoulder removed because Whereas, implementing legislation neces­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of of the disease, and underwent a second opera­ sary to authorize the conveyance, relin­ Representatives of the Unitei. States of tion on March 2, after it was discovered the quishment or disposition to the Republic of America in Congress assembled, That not- disease had spread to his lungs. 9724 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 19 7 8 The morning of the pre-dawn press con­ he had been doodling on and settling in to a to because ·I was accustomed to scanning ference, Marshall went home, spent some corner of his office couch. books and papers. I told Faulkner this and time with Chris, one of his five children, and Coming from this Labor secretary that he said, 'I work hard at my craft, I don't was back in the office before 9 a .m. statement is not flip but factual. Marshall want you to scan it.' And we talked about Yesterday the 160,000 striking UMW mem­ has the ruddy complexion of an outdoors­ fear and courage, and he said, 'The only bers vote on the latest contract offer, the man, which he has been at least by hobby thing you can do well when you fear is run, third since Dec. 6. Cautious about the out­ most of his life. This afternoon he is not and if you are running, you are not true to come, Marshall prepared two statements, cne wearing the cowboy boots he wears at least yourself.'" grateful, one not. twice a week but a pair of brown oxfords, Again, it was courage and style that Mar­ By late evening, it appeared he would be with a brown and white suit. shall learned from Long, two-term governor using the grateful one. United Mine Workers Marshall was born in Oak Grove, La., where of Louisana. "I certainly didn't agree with President Arnold Miller announced last his father, Thomas, was a tenant farmer. everything he stood for. But he showed you night the striking coal miners had voted to Marshall was Freddie Ray then and he picked could dramatize the simple things, you ratify a new three-year contract and end cotton and sugar cane. He spoke of his could get your point across and still be their 109-day walkout. father as a strong man who rejected the outrageous," said Marshall. "It's been a pretty hard time," said Mar­ fundamentalist religion of North Louisiana The secretary, it is quickly noted, has shall, 49, earlier this week. To his friends as irrational and emotional, and his mother, been just the opposite: shy, low-keyed, Marshall is known as a man who has two Virginia, as a sensitive, largely self-taught methodical, and, before the coal strike, loves, his work and his family. Despite simul­ woman, who gave him his first lessons in often overlooked. "Yes," said Marshall. "But taneous crises in both areas, publicly race relations. I am trying to make things simple." Marshall has not lost his control, congeni­ "We had black neighbors and my mother NO HOLDING BACK ality or optimism. said to address them 'Yes, ma'am.' The white As secretary of Labor, Marshall has accom­ "We were shocked about Chris, partly be­ neighbors didn't like that and criticized plished many of his goals. Under his admin­ cause it was so sudden, but also because at (her) but I didn't develop any fears because every turn in the process, things were pretty ist ration, the overall unemployment rate of that criticism," said Marshall. has dropped from 7.3 in January, 1977, to bad. You think a pain in the arm is a muscle When Marshall was 11 , his mother died problem or a sprained ligament but it turned 6.1 percent last month. The overall black suddenly of blcod poisoning and the five unemployment rate has dropped in the out to be cancer. It was a shock," said Mar­ children went to live in the Mississippi Bap­ same period from 13.1 to 11.8. Yet the black shall, his voice soft and level but the words tist Orphanage in Jackson, where the fam­ impeded by his emotion. teen-age unemployment rate, which has ily had by now moved. Thomas Marshall, hovered around 40 percent, has barely The pe::iple who saw the most of Marshall, the secretary's younger brother, who now however saw only his stoic side. "I would go changed. works for the Department of Agriculture He has doubled public service jobs to home some nights after these negotiations here, recalled, "He kept the brood together. and Helen would ask me what was disturb­ 725,000, gotten a sizable jobs component in We griped about the work we had to do but the welfare reform measure and was the ing me," said Robert Strauss, the chief U.S. Ray was energetic. He got up at 4 a.m. to administration's strongest point man in trade negotiator who was part of t he White milk the cows, and he operated the engines House coal strike team. "I told her I was House passage of the Humphrey-Hawkins and boilers of the laundry. And he was smart. jobs bill. He also has lost on a couple of thinking about Ray Marshall, and how that I overheard the teachers say that he knew pieces of legislation. guy was under the tremendous weight of the more than they did." president putting his confidence in him on His internal staffing also has drawn The education a nd work procedures at the praise; there are a number of highly placed the strike matter, plus the burden of his load. orphanage were bound into a strict religious I couldn't do it. And I've always thought of blacks and his assistant secretary for man­ code, and Marshall viewed it skeptically. "I power, Ernest G. Green, is black. myself as a strong man. He was unfiappable, tried to learn all I could about Christianity He's pleased. he never showed the tension." and the brotherhood of man. But what dis­ Others are not. Charles Bailey of the Stuart Eizenstat the administration's do­ turbed me was the contract between what National Right to Work Committee, called mestic affairs adviser, noted, "I saw him at they did and what they were saying, particu­ Marshall's record "abominable." Sen. Orrin countless meetings. He looked fresh, he never larly on race matters and materialism. The Hatch (R-Utah), a member of the Com­ showed any strain. And his mind never won­ preacher would say. 'This is the way God in­ mittee, on Human Resources, formerly Labor ders and you think it would at a time like tended things. Do you find cows mixing with this." and Public Welfare, said Marshall's a horses or birds mixing with rabbits.' And I "decent, scholarly man but as a secretary Patricia Marshall, shy and soft-spoken, has asked, 'have you ever heard of black cows he is biased to big labor on almost all issues seen this strength before in her husband in mixing with white cows?'" and he performed poorly m the coal miners' their 31 years together. "Ray has never given Eventually Marshall decided he wanted into any kind of pressure," she said. strike. He wasn't forceful enough." more independence and when he was 15 he But then again some are pleased. "I'm not His particular resilience and discipline ran away fr::im the orphanage, worked briefiy criticizing Marshall when I criticize Presi­ evolved from his own emotional battles as a making false teeth, and then joined the dent Carter," said Jerry Wurf, president of child. He was very poor, spent five years in Navy, serving as a radio operator in the Pa­ the nation's largest public employe union, an orphanage, and lied to get into the Navy cific. who has denounced some of Carter's urban at age 15. By the time he was 48, and selected After World War II, Marshall returned to e.pproaches. "Marshall is one of the best ap­ for the Cabinet, Marshall was a well-estab­ Jackson, got his high-school equivalency pointments, forthright' and honorable. We lished economist at the University of Texas, diploma, enrolled in Hinds Junior College, know he has to comuromise and when we with an armful of books to his credit and a where he met hi-; wife, and then earned a de­ don't get everything, it•s not his fault." An­ 75-acre ranch. He believes anybody can beat gree from Millsaps College. At one point, Mar­ other critic of the administration, M. Carl the odds. shall considered a political career "to ad­ Holman, president of the National Urban By many different people, Marshall is con­ dress the i!'sues of the disadvantaged." A Coalition, said, "He understands. We've lost sidered a rare bird. George Meany once intro­ professor told him, "Look, life isn't that some fights but when he is attacked as a duced Marshall to Alexander I. Solzhenitsyn much fun down here and politics is about liberal in the Cabinet, I consider, that a good as one of the few professors in the Unite::l the only entertainment we have. We don't sign." States who understood working people. Some want to hear serious talk. So think about Ra:cly does Marshall get ruffled by criti­ people find it surprising, given his back­ that." cism, defensive, yes, but, rarely angry. Only ground, that he developed what friends call a Marshall took his interest to the classroom once in the last two months, with the monu­ "guiltless" sensitivity to race relations and where his views as a faculty member of the mental professional and personal pressures, focused much of his professional interests on University of Mississippi and Louisiana State does the staff remember him angry. Evans the plight of minorities. University in the 1950s attracted the White and Novak wrote a column giving Robert Not everybody likes Ray Marshall, his Citizens' Council.. They called him a "scala­ Strauss the credit as the chief strategist in views, his performance at Labor or his strat­ wag and troublemaker." But he survived in the negotiations. Marshall exploded. Strauss the environment, recalled Bernard Sliger, has since said Marshall called the shots. egy during the coal strike. But he deals with a colleague who is now president of Florida criticism and tough situations with examples And, it was to Strauss that Marshall State University, because, "Ray never irri­ turned the night President Carter an­ of courage he has borrowed from novelist tated people. It wasn't felt that he was an William Faulkner, the late Earl K . Long. the nounced an earlier (and unraUfied) contract governor of Louisiana, and the apostle Paul. outsider and he was always calm and logical. agreement and said, "No one is more relieved He always s~iled." than I that this is settled. Now I can get It's Faulkner he quotes, especially from From his experiences in the South, Mar­ the writer's Nobel Peace Prize speech: "I be­ back and devote more time to my personal lieve that man will not merely endure: He shall picked two people from whom he de ~ isions." will prevail." learned valuable lessons-William Faulkner. In his office, Marshall is talking about fear, whom he met in the early 50's, and Earl that fears are self-imposed. And about sleep, MAKING THINGS SIMPLE Long. "I really didn't read Faulkner until that needing a lot of sleep is a state of each "I don't remember not working," said I was in Finland on a Fulbright in 1955 and person's mind. He hasn't had that much Marshall, putting aside a piece of wire copy 1956. It was a writing style I was not used sleep lately. April 11, 19 7 8 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9725 "One of the ways I have been able to deal The Women's International League for heed Missile and Space Company received with the coal thing and the shock with Chris Pe3ce and Freedom recognizes that the deci­ $551 million in contracts and employed 31,500 has been Chris' own attitude. We discussed sions you make before April 15 will influence workers. In 1976 that complex got $882 mil­ the different treatments, whether chemo­ the setting of prio:::ities and the well-being of lion in government orders and employed only therapy is better immediately after surgery o ~ r country this year and in the future. We 15,500 workers. or should we wait. We talked about the un­ recognize a!s::> that this c::>mmittee and the The Joint Economic Committee of Con­ pleasantness that can come with the treat­ office cf management and budget expect 75 gress reports that each unemployed worker ment. We haven't held anything back from to 80 % of the nation's budget to remain costs U.S. taxpayers $18,279 in lost taxes, him," said Marshall. relatively uncontrollable, which makes your unemployment insurance, food stamps, wel­ When Chris was hospitalized during the decisions about the remaining 20 to 25 % fare and other important services. coal strike, Marshall would visit him in the even more important. A study by the Social Security Administra­ morning, again in the evening, and some­ The proposed "national defense" function tion reports that Social Security income has times. at lunch. He came back encouraged out'ays of $117.8 billion are 23.5 % of the been reduced drastically by unemployment. as Chris learned to write with his other arm, expected budget total of $500.2 billion. De­ I! the jobless rate were cut from 7 % to 5 % , learned to tie his shoes and put in his con­ fense Secretary Brown has said that needs for Social Security would show a $10 billion sur­ tact lenses. 1983 will require $56 billion more. If this plus over the next 4 years instead of an $11 "But the thing that has made it easy is his committee accepted such thinking our de­ billion deficit.7 own strength. We decided t.hat it doesn't fense budget would rise to $173 .8 billion and Economist Gar Alperovits says, "unemploy­ help to get depressed," said Marshall. And would comprise 26.7 % of our projected total ment is stealing from the standard of living he taught his son and the rest of the family outlay for that year of $650 billion. for all Americans." 8 his first principle. "Never to worry ab::>ut Members of the Women's International We are concerned that the increases in out­ things I cannot change."e League for Peace and Freedom feel that it is lays for employment and training programs time to redefine the word "security" in terms are insufficient. Large numbers of unem­ of the kind of world and country in which ployed workers are still not being helped at we want to live. What is being hawked in the current levels. We recommend a substantial HUMAN IMPACT OF THE BUDGET marketplace as defense or "security" we be­ increase in the Training, Employment and lieve cannot bring us a truly healthy, pros­ Social Services function to allow for growth perous, democratic country in the world of in jobs programs. HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA pe3ce and freedom so-.:: ght by our interna­ We are also concerned that special youth t ional sisterhood. OF CALIFORNIA programs for jobs and training proposed in JOBS the budget do not meet the request made t:>y IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We are convinced that the greatest threat the Conference of Mayors. Since unemploy­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 to security in the United States is unemploy­ ment figures for teenagers are hovering close ment. to 20 % and those o! minority youth near • Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, the Budget California is one of the most military­ 40 % we must expand our jobs programs for Committee has now completed action on dependent states in terms of percent of fed­ youths, not assume that fewer youths will be the concurrent resolution on the budget eral inc::ime and the most military-dependent looking for jobs. for fiscal 1979. During the preparation of any state in terms of total dollars. In 1977 INFLATION of that resolution, the committee con­ our share in prime contracts was slightly over $10 billion. Another enemy of real security is inflation. ducted extensive hearings on the shape I live in Santa Clara County which received The Women's International League for Peace of spending and revenues for the upcom­ $1.94 billion. Nearly one half of that amount and Freedom believes that the greatest single ing fiscal year. I would like to share the went to Lockheed Missile and Space Com­ cause of inflation is mUitary spending. Such remarks of Ms. Marjorie Boehm, na­ pany. spending consumes billions of dollars but tional president of the Women's Inter­ With a population of about 10 % of the does not put anything back into the economy national League for Peace and Freedom, nation's total, we in California got about that can be used. Its products don't generate who testified before the committee on 11.5 % of all federal expenditures in 1976. the need for other goods. Meanwhile, re­ February 27, 1978. And, in three important categories of spend­ search and development in an areas of ing, we were way over our per capita share. human needs, such as health services, have It is too easy to think of a budget as These categories were, in percentages of the lagged behind, unable to compete for funds simply a mass of figures without realiz­ total U.S. expenditure: Department of De­ against the military-industrial partners. ing the full human impact on the citizens fense 18%, National Aeronautics and Space In 1976, 3Ji of Federal research funds of this country. Ms. Boehm's testimony Administration (NASA) 47 % and Energy Re­ went to Defense, Space and Atomic Energy.9 is directed at that human impact. source and Development Administration This has paid off in armaments but has cost This year defense spending will again (ERDA) 12 % . We fell below our per capita us dearly in all facets of our lives and our be one of the largest single components share in three areas: the Department of Agri­ finite environment. The FY 1979 budget culture 7.9 %, Department of Commerce 7.3 % maintains this priority in research spending, of the Federal budget. While we all real­ and Department of Transportation 5.3 % . with over 60 % programmed for Defense and ize the vital importance of national de­ How did our unemployment figures stand Space arean. fense to this country, there is consider­ during this same year of 1976? The percent In Santa Clara County, as elsewhere, ever able evidence that we pay too high a in California was 9.2 % as against 7.7 % for larger numbers of elderly on fixed incomes price for that security. Defense spend­ the United States, and Santa Clara County arc in desperate straits as property taxes ing, with the billions of dollars in con­ matched the national average with 7.7 % rise. Young couples often must choose be­ tracts that it hands out to American in­ that year. In 1977 California's rate was 7.6 % tween having a baby or buying a house be­ dustry, has traditionally been considered and that of the U.S. 7 %. That is hardly cause of incredibly inflated rates. what might have been expected considering HEALTH an important stimulus to the economy. the generous flow of U.S. dollars into Cali­ That assumption, however, is being fornia. The Women's International League for brought into question. As these questions I am sure you are all familiar with the Peace and Freedom believes that we shall are raised, it becomes increasingly im­ Bureau of Labor Statistics Report revealing never have real security in the U.S. until we portant to redefine what is actually the that military spending creates fewer jobs have a comprehensive health program. We "national security" of this country. than a corresponding amount of money spent are concerned that the only budget proposals by the government in other areas. The aver­ relating to Medicare or Medicaid programs Ms. Boehm is a resident of Santa Clara age number of jobs per billion dollars of are to fund administrative studies for the County and is familiar with the impact Pentagon spending is 75,710. Government purpose of economy or preventing frauds and of defense industries on the local com­ spending in other sectors generates many abuse. We see nothing to help the elderly munity and its residents. The conclusion more jobs. For each billion spent in state who are now paying more for medical care her testimony reaches is clear: Rather and local government, 87,021 jobs are created. out of their own pockets than they did before than a boon to the economy, excessive And in construction 100,072 jobs are gen­ Medicare. Government spending on weapons sys­ erated by each billion dollars. Dan McCorquodale of the Santa. Clara. tems and military manpower can be a A study done in Santa Clara County pro­ County Board of Supervisors, in a. letter to brutal sacrifice and a tragic underuse of jects what could be accomplished in jobs President Carter said our county operates a creation by a 10 % shift from military to health facility which includes a large hospi­ our national resources. This lesson is other areas of spending. It shows that at least tal complex known as Valley Medical Cen­ valid throughout the country. 8,534 jobs would be created by that modest ter (VMC). This hospital serves a cross sec­ The testimony follows: shift of funds. tion of county residents but in particular it Honorable Chairman and members of the It is a myth that military spending creates is the place of last resort for patients of lim­ Budget Committee of the House of Repre­ jobs. Such spending is capital and research ited financial means. Currently we are facing sentatives. intensive, not labor intensive. In 1968 Lock- ca.pita.I expenditures of as much as $50 mil- 9726 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 19 7 8 lion to bring the physical plant at VMC t6 stroy the world. We worry a.bout the build­ place rather than just a picture in the bath­ acceptable standards. This ls a.bout 10 per­ up of counter-force weapons. We know that room, James Bond Stockdale's determination cent of the county's annual budget and it even present levels of NATO troops, tanks to live and lead was fortified every time he comes on top of our ongoing budget items. and trucks clog the highways of Europe. We heard a tapped message from a fellow prison­ How are such costs to be met? At the local hope for progress in the signing of a SALT er of wair. Now, as president of the Naval War level, our principal tax fund ls the property agreement. We hope that the U.S. will make College here, Stockdale is searching for some tax, a tax which ls not linked to a.b111ty to a. substantial contribution to the UN Special way to teach Navy officers how to withstand pay. It seems to me that the only real ve­ Session on Disarmament this spring. A U.S. the tortures, the threats, the beatings and hicle for addressing unmet social needs wlll budget with decreased military expenditures the fears that he had to teach himself to be to convert some of the defense dollars to could be a real prelude to these steps towards resist. these new priorities. I would urge this effort peace. Please try it.e Can such qualities be transmitted in the as a. preparation to move a.head to FY 79." calm setting of a peace-time campus? Stock­ INTERNATIONAL dale believes they can be, although it is only in the crucible of combat or the desperation The Women's International League for A SEARCH FOR WAYS TO TEACH of the detention that they finally rise to the Peace and Freedom which was founded at the surface. For him, it was the classical philo­ Hague in 1915 has sections in 24 countries COURAGE sophy learned in a graduate course at Stan­ around the world and groups in an addi­ ford, rather than anything taught him at tional 3 countries. At our twentieth Triennial Annapolis, that came back to fortify him Congress in Tokyo last summer our resolu­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN against the cruelties of his North Vietnamese tion on economic and social change called OF CALIFORNIA captors. upon the women of the world "to stand in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There was the time, for example, when the solidarity to convert monies wasted on m111- North Vietnamese handcuffed Stockdale's ta.ry build-up to be used for the abolition Tuesday, April 11, 1978 hands behind his back, locked his leg in of hunger, poverty, unemployment and illit­ heavy irons and dragged him from his dark eracy." • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, last Sun­ day's Washington Post carried an article prison cell to sit in the unshaded courtyard I submit that although the M1Utary As­ which told the story of Adm. James where other prisoners could see what hap­ sistance items in our budget under interna­ pened to anybody who refused to cooperate. tional affairs ma.y be a relatively small pro­ Stockdale's approach to his new job as The Navy's official report of Stockdale's im­ portion of the total, the decisions you make president of the Naval War College. prisonment, based on exhaustive question­ regarding them are of an importance out of More specifically, how he intends to in­ ing after his release, describes that and other all proportion to their monetary significance. still into the students there the qualities incidents during Stockda.Ie's 2,714 days of Your committee is indeed being asked to set of courage and integrity which he and captivity from Sept. 9, 1965, to Feb. 12, 1973: international priorities. Consider these his comrades displayed so heroically in "He remained sitting in that position for a.mounts sought in FY 79: U.S. development the POW torture cells of Hanoi. Ad­ three days. The sun beat down upon him. aid for poor countries $1.6 b1111on; UN and Since he had not been in the sun for a long OAS programs $282 million and Military and miral Stockdale is trying to find ways to time, he soon felt weak. He yelled for Bao Security Assistance $2.7 billion. A decrease in teach the next generation of NavY offi­ Cao [guard], and the guard struck him from the third category would have at least a sym­ cers how to withstand if necessary the side to side on the face. bolic effect on worldwide arms sales. tortures, beatings, and fear he resisted "The indomitable prisoner communication There is another reason why you should for 7Y:! years. system provided a great boost to Captain consider a reduction in that amount. Sales His theory and method are, to my Stockdale's morale at this point as two pris­ credits and training program grants are oner dishwashers established voice contact still going to countries where violations of mind, accurate. He knows better than for short words of encouragement in spite of human rights have been documented: the any man that courage does not exist un­ close guard supervision. Philippines, South K'Orea, Thailand and In­ til it has been used; until there is some­ "The guard on duty decided not to let him donesia. Many countries in Latin America thing to fear and overcome. Courage sleep, and at one point accused him of doz­ continue to receive arms under U.S. budget­ cannot be exhibited in the classroom but ing, punohing Captain Stockade right and ed programs of previous years even though only in the crucible of combat and war. left on the jaw. they have been criticized as human rights viola.tors. There is a symbiotic relationship Courage itself cannot be taught with "As the guard left the stall, Captain Stock­ between production Of weapons fur U.S. mm­ lectures and class notes but perhaps the dale remembers hearing with pride a towel tary purposes and production for Foreign reason to be courageous can be. [snapping out in prison code the letters] Military Sales. Pentagon officials say that Stockdale's class will study philosophy GBUJS for God Bless You Jim Stockdale." export sales now sustain 350,000 jobs in the There a.re lessons in tha. t and other and history-not military manuals-to prison experiences that Stockdale has de­ defense industries. There are reasons why learn the reasons courage is needed. It production fur the U.S. mmtary spills over cided to distill into an elective course for into international arms sales. The arms in­ was the values of civilization, the wis­ officers at the Nava.I War College, starting dustry wants to maintain constant produc­ dom of the great teachers which formed next fall. Called "Foundations of Moral tion and to maximize profits. Overseas sales the bedrock of Admiral Stockdale's cour­ Obligation," the course that Stockdale him­ also diminish per unit cost of weapons re­ age and which he believes will form the self wUI teach represents the latest attempt search and development. to help American fighting men cope with bedrock of courage for his officer stu­ pressure, including but not limited to that Weapons sales are a concrete way to main­ dents. With a thorough knowledge of the inflicted by captivity. He will try to convey to tain the U.S. balance of payments and absorb young officers what teachings got him the huge accumulation of funds from Mid­ beliefs and values which have made our civilization great, the officers will know through his 7¥:! yea.rs of captivity, which be­ dle East 011 Sales. It is incumbent upon your gan on Sept. 9, 1965, when he parachuted committee to assure that a break in U.S. what they are defending and why it must from his damaged A-4 fighter-bomber into a arms production wm slow military sales also. be defended, and without the knowledge tree. He will try to explain how and why a This country must export other goods and of what and why, courage can all too man can summon up astonishing courage if services to maintain its balance of payments he has committed himself to integrlty-"one position. A reduction in our nearly 500,000 easily collapse or dissipate. Mr. Speaker, I include the Washington of those words which many people keep in troops abroa':l would slow the dollar flow. A that desk labeled 'too hard,' " in Stockdale's decrease in m111tary activity would certainly Post article as part of my remarks to­ words. reduce our need for energy, our dependence day: on Middle Eastern oil and would also im­ Th·ere was the day his captors decided to prove our balance of payments position. Ap­ [From the Washington Post, Apr. 9, 1978] force him to be photographed for a prop­ propriations Committee Chairman Mahon A FORMER POW's SEARCH FOR WAYS TO TEACH aganda film: has been quoted as saying," every year COURAGE Escorted by Pig Eye [the POW's name for you ask for more money and every year you (By George C. Wilson) one of their guards]. Captain Stockdale marched down to the Heartbreak improvised say we need more security." Dr. Brzezinski NEWPORT, R.I.-Standing before the pic­ wash area where he was given a new razor has told us that security depends on the ture hung in the place of dishonor over the and rnap. He knew he had to act quickly, and political situation but also on our well-being toilet, the admiral stabbed the tiled bath­ re had already decided exactly what to do. and on the well-being of citizens of other room wall with his forefinger to tap out the Getting down into a hundred position, as countries. type of coded message that had sustained if prepared to shave, he frantically started The Women's International League for him during 7lh years of isolation and torture digging with the razor. He began to cut the Peace and Freedom rejects the notion that we in Hanoi's Hoa Lo prison. top out of his hair in sort of an inverse must continue to expand our a.bllity to de- In those days when Hao Lo was a fearsome Cherokee in an attempt to make himself April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9727 unpresentable so that he couldn't be photo­ graphed the two prisoners from the side so Stockdale, who looks amazingly fit at fifty­ graphed. viewers would not notice the s::reen. four considering what he went through­ In his panic, he actually dug the razor into Although Stockdale's heroics frustrated except for the stiff left leg which was torn his scalp several times without feeling it. the filming scheme, the North Vietnamese at the knee so savagely by his first captors Pig Eye, who had been busy getting gear through expert rope torture and other coer­ that it cannot be restored through surgery­ together, suddenly realized that Captain cion did force Stockdale to write and re::ord said his new War College course will focus Stockdale was not working on his whiskers. statements against his will. Like so many on a man's personal code. He stormed through the door and saw the prisoners before him. Stockdale learned that Uncomfortable questions to be addressed in blood streaming from the cuts in the every man-no matter hew tough-has a the classroom, he said, will include: "What scalp .... limit of how much pain he can take. But he do you think of a [dive-bomber pilot) who Realizing his blunder, Pig Eye jerked Cap­ res!sted ea:::h time before submitting to keep pulls off the target high" so anti-aircraft tain Stockdale out of the wash area and himself and fellow prisoners from unraveling. fire does not hit him? "What do you think rushed back to Room 18 [where two other During the Korean War, some American of a guy who doesn't aim his bombs? Is that guards, "Rabbit" and "Chihuahua," were prisoners unraveled completely under brain­ the way to lead?" waiting) ... Captain Stockdale could see washing inflicted by their North Korean Stockdale's class will study philosophy and their surprise turn into rage as they saw his captors in hopes of givi:;g future U.S. prison­ history, not military manuals, to get into the bloody head and leaped to their feet and to ers of war a moral guide to cl!ng to, the teachings that stayed under him like bed­ the conclusion that it was a suicide attempt. Eisenhower Adm!nistre.tion cre3.ted a Code of rock after the pressure of prison camp had Captain Stockdale immediately took a seat Conduct. blown everything else away. The philosophy on the fioor [in the position the guards One provision of that code stated: "When course he took at Stanford in his thirties, had so often pushed him into before sub­ said Stockdale, did him a lot more good in jecting him to the wrenching rope torture.] questioned, should I become a pris::mer of war, I am bound to give only n3.me, rank, Hanoi than any of the Naval Academy's tech­ "No. No. Get up," one of the guards or­ nical subjects. dered. "Why are you ta.king your own life? service number and date of birth. I will evade You've got things to do. The senior officer answering further questions to the utmost The 1st century Greek Stoic Philosopher wants to see you tonight." of my ability. I will make no oral or written Epictetus "was tailor-made for my predica­ (The guards left him locked up in his cell statements disloyal to my country and its ment," said Stockdale as he walked stiff­ and rushed out to find a hat to cover the cuts allies or harmful to their cause." The late legged to the bookshelves lining his second­ so the film ordered by the prison director military columnist snd author, S.L.A. Mar­ floor office at the Naval War College. "One could be made on schedule.) Alone for the shall, has said that he was "the penman" proposition in his manual that I remembered moment, Captain Stockdale knew he had when the code was written. was that you're but an actor on the stage a problem and would have to act quickly. In U.S. soldiers, sailors, marines and airmen and your job is to play well the given part." panic, he realize that the hat would beat him have all found they could not, under torture, Other teachings of Epictetus that came in spite of his determination. He was not limit themselves to giving "only name, rank back to the crippled pilot and helped sustain going to be used as a tool, for in his hierarchy service number and date of birth." Cmdr. him in captivity included: "Lameness is an of values the very top of the list was "not Lloyd M. Bucher, skipper of the spy l:'hip impediment to the body but not to the will." to betray my fellow prisoners or mislead USS Pueblo captured by North Korea in "Men are disturbed not by things, but by the them." 1968, said after his release that the code view they take of them." "It's better to die By this time he was about nine days into should be reviewed in the light of the bars:3 in hunger, exempt from guilt and fear, a fast and was neither too strong nor too realities of communist torture. He and otber than to live in afiluence with perturbation." alert. He thought of the honey bucket as Pueblo crewme::i testified that their North But instead of digging out such teachings a device to cut his wrists. He went over to Korean interrogators were ex?ert at finding so they can form bedrock in the minds and tbe corner, glanced at the badly rusted, a man's weak point and exploiting it. For personalities of today's military officers, com­ filthy thing and rejected that idea because Bucher, that proved to be his love for his plained Stockdale, the wisdom that has stood . of the certainty of infection from the rust crew. The North Koreans told him they the test of time is being eclipsed by the and filth. would shoot each one of his crew. startin~ theoretical jargon of systems analysis, man­ He glanced at the window-glass panes and with tl1e youngest, unless he si~ned a fals9 agerial techniques and modern weaponry. thought of breaking a pane and cutting his confession that he invaded North Korea's "We spend most of our time worrying about wrists. But he knew there were Vietnamese territorial waters. Bucher sii:med. things that have nothing to do with our pro­ close by outside, so he picked U!J his heavy The fear that they could not stand up fession of arms," he said. Stockdale's students mahogany stool, and, in Captain Stockdale's under torture and would sign propaganda will be directed to read Epictetus' "Enchiri­ own words: statements in violation of the Code of Con­ dion," the Book of Job, Aristotle, Plato, Kant, "I just started poundinq my face. I bruise duct drove some Pueblo and Vietnam War Mill, Sartre, Emerson, Dostoyevsky, Conrad, easily, and I stood there thinking I could be servicemen to attempt suicide. They often Kafka, Koestler, and Solzhenitsyn. heard. Pretty soon a crowd of curious civilian went into deep and lasting depression after "I think this is the only way to teach a fpriso!l] workers wer~ looking in awestruck signing confessions under torture. sophisticated audience 'duty, honor, country.' horror through the pa.nes of glass at this U.S. officials decided to review the code I'm not trying to make fundamentalists out madman standing in the middle of the room of them. I'm not trying to make warmongers pounding his face with the stool. against the experience of the Pueblo crew and Vietnam prisoners of war. One suggestion out of them. "I kept working because I knew I would was that the code be liberalized and that the "I'm trying to make more self-confident get some swelling. I could feel my eyes co:r.­ U.S. government declare to the world that it leaders who will realize half of what comes ing up. There was a commotion at the door, would disavow any future confessions by U.S. into their baskets is crap and that they and here were Chihuahua and Rabbit fran­ servicemen on the assumption they were ob­ should worry 01bout things that are impor­ tically trying to get back in. tained under duress. Stockdale was among tant." e "They finally burst in to find both my eyes the former prisoners of war who urged the almost closed up, my eyebrows and eyelids code continue unchanged. He argued that cut and bleeding and my appearance pretty even though experience had shown the code BUDGET SHORTAGE FOR VETERANS we1.I unfit for photography." could not be fulfilled completely. it served MEDICAL PROGRAM [The guards rushed out of Stockdale's cell as a standard for men to try to adhere to in a second time, evidently to tell the prison captivity. His hardline stand on how prison­ camp director about the further damage the ers should behave under pressure impelled HON. W. G. (BILL) HEFNER subject of the film 'had infilcted on himself.) Stockdale to file misconduct charges in 1973 OF NORTH CAROLINA His eyes still weren't quite as swollen as he against two officers who were imprisoned with wanted them, so he went to the wall and him. Navy Secretary John Warner decided IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES began pounding his fac.e against the con­ against prosecuting. Tuesday, April 11, 1978 crete. [When the guards returned and saw After assessing the various views on the Stockdale, Chihuahua asked him:) "What • Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I have are we going to tell the senior officer?" Code of Conduct, the White House announced been receiving a great many letters from last November that President Carter had "You tell the major," Stockdale replied, my constituents concerning the Presi­ "the Commander decided not to go." made one liberalizing change. He deleted the dent's fiscal year 1979 budget request for word "only" from the provision which for­ The film the North Vietnamese had in the veterans health care system. They mind, Stockdale learned later, was to show merly stated: "I am required to give only name, rank, service number and date of are concerned, as I am, that this budget him talking with a lower-ranking fellow is inadequate to meet the real and grow­ prisoner about the unjustness of the war. birth." The White House said the change was The other prisoner would be standing be­ "to reduce guilt feelings in prisoners who are ing need for top quality medical services hind a screen so Stockdale would not know coerced into giving more than name, rank, to our Nation's veterans and their fami­ he was there. The camera would haYe photo- service number and date of birth." lies. 9728 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11 1978 The chairman of the Committee on says the hospital is not needed. We ask: Why THE MERIT EMPLOYMENT ACT Veterans' Affairs, RAY ROBERTS, and the the sudden change? Eliminating 3,132 beds from the system ranking minority member, JOHN PAUL will reduce VA bed capacity to 88,300-sub­ HON. HERBERT E. HARRIS II HAMMERSCHMIDT' wrote each Member of ject to additional reductions in future years. OF VIRGINIA the House on February 28 indicating the Again, we ask: Why? significant shortages in the President's Our questions are made urgent by the fact IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES · budget request. Our Veterans' Affairs that the largest segment of the veteran popu­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 Committee supports the necessary funds lation is made up of 13.5 million veterans of e Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, the Post for the important Veterans' Administra­ WW II, whose average age is now 58. These veterans are becoming increasingly subject to Office and Civil Service Committee is tion medical programs and our request the catastrophic illnesses that are associated now holding hearings on H.R. 11280, the to the Budget Committee for funds over with advancing years--such as cancer, heart administration's civil service reorganiza­ and above the President's budget was disease and stroke-illnesses that will force tion bill. I am concerned that the bill arrived at only after a detailed analysis them to turn in increasing numbers to the may open the door to improper political and study of the matter. VA for medical care they will no longer be inftuences and have introduced H.R. But the information we are receiving able to afford in the private sector. 11165, the Merit Employment Act which about the Budget Committee's action on This year, two VA research physicians have requires that all personnel actions be the upcoming budget resolution would received the Nobel Prize for Medicine-testi­ mony to the quality of VA medical research made on the basis of merit and bars indicate that it, too, is unwilling to rec­ for the benefit not only of veterans, but of political recommendations for Federal ommend adequate funding for this pro­ all humanity. Yet in the face of this signifi­ jobs. gram. It would now appear that the only cant achievement the VA is reducing the As we consider this legislation, we way this matter can be resolved, one way level of its research programs. Why? must make sure sufficient safeguards are or another, is on the ftoor of the House. We believe we see an alarming lack of com­ included to protect employee rights. The national commander of the Amer­ mitment to medical care for veterans. Joseph Young, in two recent Washington ican Legion, Robert Charles Smith, has And our troubles do not end there. In­ Star columns, has outlined some of the just furnished me with a copy of an ar­ creasingly, voices are being raised in the medical community challenging the justi­ concerns that employees have about the ticle which will appear in the American fication of maintaining a separate medical administration's legislation and I urge Legion magazine in May entitled "VA care system for veterans. We must face it; my colleagues to take note of his ob­ Medical Program Must Be Preserved." there are those in the medical community servations: This article is included with my state­ who resent $5.8 billion being spent on medi­ DOUBLE STANDARD SPOTl'ED AMONG CARTER ment, and I commend it to the reading cal care just for veterans. PERSONNEL REFORM PROPOSALS And that is still not all. The American of every Member of this House. Each The pro-management slant of President Member can be assured that the national Legion is convinced that should Natlonal Health Insurance become a fact, an effort Carter's personnel reform plan is i'llustrated veterans' organizations and the individ­ would be made to phase the VA hospital sys­ by the double standard it would set up in ual veterans and their families repre­ tem into national health insurance, and to adverse actions. sented by these organizations are all vi­ make VA facilities available to all citizens While most federal employees would be tally concerned with this matter. I am who have need of them. The attack will be denied the guarantee of full-scale eviden­ calling this to the attention of all Mem­ launched by the social planners at HEW, tiary hearings in firings, managers and su­ who are envious of the magnificent VA hos­ pervisors accused of personnel violations and bers in order that they may be fully in­ facing possible removal would be entitled to formed of the real concerns over the in­ pital system. What should The American Legion do? such hearings. adequacy of the budget for these essen­ Also, in these cases the burden of proof tial health services which benefit not only The friend of the veteran throughout his­ would rest on most federal employees to our Nation's veterans but all our citizens tory has been the Congress-the voice of the show that their agencies were wrong in fl.r­ through the outstanding research pro­ people. We have many friends in Congress ing them. The reverse would be true for fed­ who will speak for us. But first they have to eral managers and supervisors facing adverse grams of the Veterans' Administration know that we will speak for ourselves. It is physicians. action because of charges that they violated up to veterans, speaking through their federal personnel rules or employee rights. VA MEDICAL PROGRAM MUST BE PRESERVED organizations, to let Congress know what is In these situations, the burden of proof It becomes increasingly clear that the right and fair for veterans, their dependents would be on the special counsel of the pro­ struggle to preserve the veterans benefits and survivors. posed Merit System Protection Board who program for which The American Legion has But many old friends are leaving Congress, would handle such cases. devoted its energies for 59 years will be won by reason of death or retirement. We do not This is just another example of why fed­ or lost in the contest for the veterans medi­ know who is going to replace them. That is eral employees are suspici""1 is: and appre­ cal care program administered by the Vet­ where the average Legionnaire comes into hensive over Carter's personnel plan. erans Administration. We have come to grips the picture. It behooves all Departments, Meanwhile, Bernard Rosen, the retired ex­ with the situation over the VA Budget for Districts, Posts and each Legionnaire to ap­ ecutive director of the Civil Service Com­ Fiscal Year 1979. The Congress is now con­ proach candidates for Congress-both House mission who now is a professor of govern­ sidering this Budget. and Senate-to find out from them what ment of American University, has criticized 1. VA requested Budget authority of $5.8 their attitude is toward veterans problems four aspec~ of the Carter plan that he con­ billion for the veterans medical program. and, when possible, to secure from them tends "would seriously undermine the etfec­ 2. Construction funds are requested for two commitments to heed the needs and rights ti veness and impartiality of the civil service, replacement hospitals (Seattle, Wash., and of veterans. while the benefits sought from the relevant Portland, Oreg.). The American Legion today finds itself em­ changes a.re vague and uncertain." In a speech before the International Per­ 3. New VA hospital at Camden, N.J., is can­ battled on many fronts in defense of veterans celled. programs. Our success or failure will deter­ sonnel Management Association, Rosen mine two things; first, whether the etforts rapped the proposal to eliminate the CSC 4. Total VA acute care bed capacity will be of countless Legionnaires during 59 years and create the omce of Personnel Manage­ reduced. by 3,132 beds. will be recorded by history as having been ment and the Merit System Protection Board 5. We have identified shortfalls of $426 mil­ successful, and second, whether veterans, in its place. lion needed for improvements, and medical during the balance of the 20th century and Rosen said the board "w111 be incapable of and prosthetic research. beyond, will have available to them veterans fulfilling the role of an effective watchdog This means that the size of the system is programs as we have known them. to protect against merit abuses because, as going to be reduced at a time when the na­ Make no mistake, we could lose our hos­ proposed, it lacks an adequate mandate and tion has the highest veteran population (29.5 pitals-as our British and Canadian com­ resources." lllillion) in its history. rades have lost theirs. And if veterans hos­ Rosen said the board would serve a useful The Camden hospital is the only new hos­ pitals are lost, there will be little hope for purpose in handling employee appeals and pital that had been planned and was in­ the future of all other veterans' programs. investigating allegations of merit violations, tended to provide medical care for 300,000 Legionnaires, and all veterans, earned their but "it would be incapable of meeting the veterans of South Jersey, who now have to status as veterans through honorable serv­ larger responsib111ties of protecting the merit depend on the Philadelphia VA hospital. The ice in time of war. We are not strangers to system because it would be too far removed Camden hospital has been planned for sev­ struggle. With courage and determination, from day-to-day operations." eral years after exhaustive studies by the VA, with diligence and persistence, we shall win. As contemplated in the Carter plan, the and construction of the hospital has had the To be true to our heritage, and to provide board would not be "sumciently inde­ approval of Congress. All of a sudden, VA for those who follow us-we must succeed.e pendent" of the omce of Management and April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9729 Budget and the White House to have the dent's personnel reform plan, they'll face While the OPM would not be a pa.rt of the clout necessary to enforce the merit system hard questions a.bout possible inconsistencies President's office, it might well be considered ln government, Rosen said. and flaws in the proposals. an adjunct of the White House. Rosen also criticized the proposed OPM, For example, some members of Congress a.re The OPM would have its five top officials declaring that by having it run by a single disturbed over what they see as a. double appointed by the President and in all likeli­ administrator appointed by the President, standard in a. Carter recommendation de­ hood the five would be from the political sec­ instead of the bipartisan three-member signed to make it easier to get rid of un­ tor. The director and deputy director would setup in the CSC, could result in "manipu­ sa.tlsfa.ctoy employees. be political appointees. The five assistant lating the civil service for personal or po­ On the one hand. in a. deal ma.de with the directors probably also would be political ap­ litical favoritism." AFL-CIO and the American Federation of pointees, although one or two of them could Rosen said "There ls an abundance of ex­ Government Employees in order to get their be career men or women. perience to tell us that a single a.dministra tor support for his personnel reform package, Thus, there could be a political orientation ma.king personnel policy as well as directing Carter a.greed to back as part of the reform to the OPM not found in the present CSC. operations of the central personnel agency legislation a system of outside binding arbi­ The OPM would have overall policy control will hold an unwarranted concentration of tration for union members in grievances and regarding federal personnel policies, with the power and is a major threat to merit in the adverse actions. authority to decentralize hiring authority federal system of civil service employment." But for non-union employees, and even and other personnel actions to the individual Rosen also was critical of the proposal to those union members who are supervisory departments and agencies as well as clear all delegate significant personnel authority to and managers outside the bargaining units, future applicants for Jobs in the proposed the agencies, declaring that this would seri­ the appeals system would not be nearly as Senior Executive Service. ously weaken the Llerit system. Also, "it is liberal. The proposed merit board would not set the wrong way to go if we want a. citizen to While the rights of union members would merit policies, but would investigate com­ file an employment application in one place be at lea.st as strong as they are now in plaints by employees of any abuses. Thus, instead of many," he said. appealing firings and other adverse actions, the OPM for all intents and purposes will run Another criticism Rosen made concerned non-union members would be subjected to a. the government's personnel system. the proposed Senior Executive Service. limited appeals system. They could appeal to Will the OPM with its close ties to the Rosen said the proposed system of reas­ the proposed new Merit System Protection White House be as responsive to the con­ signing and arbitrarily removing careerists Board but not be assured of a full-scale gress and its civil service committees as the in the proposed SES would result in their cvidentia.ry hearing as they are now. Civil Service Commission has been? Or will being subjected to intense pressure "to ... The boa.rd could order an evidentiary it adopt the attitude of semi-independence serve special interests rather than the public hearing if it decided the situation warranted from congressional oversight that other interest" if they want to hold on to their ca­ it, but this right would by no means be White House units have seen fit to do? reers. guaranteed. The President's proposals include proce­ He expressed serious misgivings over the Thus the proposal could be interpreted as dures designed to set strong federal merit proposal that those in the SES would qualify placing a premium on union membership standards and punish those who violate for bonuses if their superiors liked their work and penalizing those federal employees who them. Are they adequate? Can they be and conversely would be kicked out of the choose not to join unions or cannot be­ strengthened? service if their performance was not deemed cause there are no unions established where The Carter administration may well an­ sa. tisfactory. they work. swer all the questions that have been raised "This wlll seriously damage one of the Another aspect of Carter's plan that dis:.. to the satisfaction of members of Congress. most important characteristics of career ex­ turbs some members of Congress ls his rec­ But these a.re questions that should be an­ ecutives: expressing views and judgments ommendation that bonuses be paid in lieu swered before Congress takes final action on which, based on their experience and tech­ of regular pay raises for federal supervisors the President's plan. That's why the congres­ nical knowledge, may be critical of policies and managers in grades 13 and above as an sional hearings are so important.e and programs advanced by Presidential ap­ incentive for better performance. pointees," he said. This has raised some concern that it could "The danger of being replaced, not for result in consideration of personal friend­ poor performance, but simply to put some­ ships and political influences in determin­ one else in the job would understandably ing who would get these bonuses. EMERGENCY AGRICULTURE ACT OF ca.use many career executives to moderate Concern also has been exprei:sed that such 1978

PRODUCERS WILL SHIFT ACREAGE TO CROPS The recent USDA farm program initi­ a friend to someone who ls atHlcted, or you DESIGNATED IN THE BILL atives provide only a 70 percent of parity are just interested in this unusual disease. If one of the above is the case, there According to the administration, H.R. floor under farm income. Farmers can­ probably is a great deal of confusion in your 6782 would make the United States the not survive at these poverty levels which mind. Perhaps the following information prime adjuster of world food supply in are below their cost of production. H.R. will help explain some of what is known order to balance supply and demand. 6782 offers farmers immediate economic about scleroderma, the direction it takes Currently, with its cheap food policy, assistance at realistic levels.. and what is being done a.bout it. the United States is already the residual Without H.R. 6782 and without follow­ Scleroderma is a. relatively uncommon supplier. Other exporting nations will up legislation farmers can expect a con­ disease of undetermined cause. tinuation of the boom and bust cycle and A definition of scleroderma. in Schiffere's continue to undersell the United States Family Medical Encyclopedia. is "hardening whether our prices are high or low. The its erratic swings in commodity prices. of the skin," appropriately based on the level of prices is not the major factor in For consumers, however, the price offood roots of the word. the maintenance of export markets. never comes down when farm commodity Stedman's Medical Dictionary goes a little Rather, U.S. farmers do not have an ef­ prices slide into the bust phase. further: "Thickening of the skin caused by fective marketing agent for their pro­ I again urge my colleagues to reject swelling and thickening of fibrous tissue, duction. Private U.S. grain traders can­ the administration's erroneous and pan­ with eventual atrophy of the epidermis; icky appraisal of the Emergency Agricul­ hidebound disease." not compete with the grain boards which This disease has been described and conduct the sales for other nations. ture Act and to vote in support of H.R. diagnosed for centuries. Although some au­ The United States will not be the re­ 6782. I also urge my colleagues to request thors have been credited with earlier docu­ sidual supplier of grab if Congress en­ that the House Agriculture Committee mentation, Curzio of Naples wrote the first acts the Weaver bill, H.R. 11294. This immediately begin consideration of a definitive description in 1753; however, bill gives the Commodity Credit Corpora­ long-range farm program which will present thinking is that his patient prob­ tion the authority to designate the Com­ stabilize the agricultural economy at ably had scleredema. This is a. different price levels fair to farmers and con­ disease which usually remits spontane­ modity Credit Corporation as the seller ously. or marketing agent for export sales of sumers.• Gintrac introdced the current term U.S. grain. Given the great volume of "scleroderma" in 1847, after which it was recognized as a skin disorder. Only in the U.S. grain involved in the export trade THE FIGHT AGAINST the CCC will be able to bargain for present century has scleroderma. been SCLERODERMA thought of as a more generalized ailment. higher export prices. Such a program Scleroderma ls an all inclusive term used gives the United States flexibility as a to apply to several clinical conditions. For price leader so that we will maintain our HON. LEON E. PANETTA general purposes. it is divided into two current export markets and develop new OF CALIFORNIA major forms, systemic and localized. ones through CCC negotiations of reli­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS (SS) able long term sales which private grain Tuesday, April 11, 1978 1. Diffuse. trades are unable to transact. 2. CREST syndrome (defined later). PARTICIPATION IN RESERVE PROGRAM e Mr. PANETTA. Mr. Speaker, I would a. MCTD (Mixed-Connective Tissue Dis­ According to the administration, H.R. like to draw the attention of my col­ ease). 6782 will undermine the reserve program. leagues to the fight against schlero­ LOCALIZED SCLERODERMA Again, this fear is based on a worst­ derma, a painful and debilitating disease 1. Morphea (limited to a well defined patch case assumption that stocks will be se­ that attacks the skin and multiple organs of skin). of the body. 2. Generalized morphea. verely reduced. 3. Linear (a band-like thickening confined The existing reserve program, however, In its most serious, systemic form, scleroderma can strike the esophagus, to one part of the body, such as an arm or has been no more than a last resort leg). intestines, lungs, heart, or kidney, caus­ This is the definition of systemic sclerosis measure for farmers. Until the recent ing fibrosis, inflammation, and atrophy administration initiatives, farmers had and localized scleroderma. used by Dr. Ger­ of normal functioning tissues. Localized ald P. Rodnan, Professor of Medicine and no economic incentive to lock up th~ir scleroderma causes hardening and thick­ Chief of the Division of Rheumatology and grain for 3 years. Only after heavY pres­ ening of the skin, particularly of the Clinical Immunology in the Department of sure from Congress and farmers did the hands and fingers, along with painful Medicine, University of Pittsburgh. administration agree to raise the storage ulcerations. Diffuse scleroderma indicates possible in­ payments to realistic levels and consider The cause of scleroderma is unknown, volvement of internal organs of the body, waiving the interest charges. Last year and there is no cure for the disease. namely the esophagus, intestines, lungs, the administration resisted establishing heart or kidneys. The liver is affected only Therefore, much work remains if we are in the CREST syndrome, and then not com­ 8 grain reserve large enough to stabilize to overcome its effects. supply, but last month the administra­ monly. tion finally agreed to increase the size of Spearheading the battle against Localized scleroderma involves the skin the reserve stocks. scleroderma is the United Scleroderma or the skin plus other body parts (muscle, Foundation, a nonprofit organization bone) in a. circumscribed or patchy The current reserve program will never established in December 1975, in Wat­ (morphea) distribution or in a linear pat­ provide farmers with an opportunity to sonville, Calif. The foundation is led by tern which usually affects one part of the obtain a fair income because the stocks Diane Williams, herself a victim of body. will be allowed to flow onto the market at scleroderma. Having met Ms. Williams, I Either variety involves only a. limited por­ pr.ic~ depressing levels. Last year, the ad­ can tell you she is a dedicated and en­ tion of the skin and frequently poses more m1mstration resisted establishing higher thusiastic woman. She has overcome the of a. cosmetic problem than anything else. loan release and call-in levels. The grain There may also be some mobillty problems. reserve program, the Su-called corner­ crippling effects of this disease to help Linear scleroderma does not involve the face; stone of administration farm policy, is bring national attention to the more the form of localized scleroderma in which therefore a defective mechanism as it than 300,000 people suffering the effects the face ls affected is known as scleroderma now exists. of scleroderma. en coup de sabre. Scleroderma is classified as one of the Under current policy and under the I would like to place in the RECORD the text of a handbook which explains the collagen diseases, although it does not appear program established by H.R. 6782 the to be a disorder of the collagen molecule administration has the authority to ~aise nature of scleroderma and describes the primarily. the loan release and call-in levels to activities of the United Scleroderma Collagen is the most abundant protein in realistic levels which will make the re­ Foundation. I urge my colleagues and the connective tissue as well as the body. It con­ serve program work to protect farmers public to read this infor·Riatlon to obtain sists of three chains that are coiled a.bout and consumers from boom and bust an understanding of tb#_ Jiisease and its each other like strands in a rope. The col­ prices. victims. · · lagen chains and molecules become cross connected to each other as they age. This is BUYING TIME FOR FARMERS AND CONSUMERS The information follows: · You may be a patient whose physician the dominant structural material of man H.R. 6782 is only a 1-year emergency has just made a diagnosls-scleroderma. and other members of the animal kingdom. measure. With or without H.R. 6782, Perhaps you are a husband, wi!e, mother, Scleroderma is thought to result from loss followup legislation is necessary for father, daughter or son of a pers·on who has of blood vessels which in turn leads to fibro­ 1971-1981. received this sa.me message. You might be sis of skin and multiple organs. .

9732 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 CREST is a clinically recognized varient in the skin or malfunction of the internal physician can best prescribe for the individ­ of scleroderma. The prognosis of individuals organs. The relationship to any systemic dis­ ual case. with CREST syndrome is often very good, as ease may be unknown at this point. Arthri­ The patient should avoid prolonged ex­ this is a relatively benign disorder compared tis-like symptoms may appear. Rheumatoid posure to cold, over-fatigue and chronic emo­ to the classical diffuse scleroderma form of arthritis, lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis tional stresses. Occupational exposure to cold systematic sclerosis. and bursitis are frequent misdiagnoses. should be eliminated. Smoking must be There rarely is any threat to overall health Common presentations may include such stopped. Excessive alcoholic intake may ag­ in this type of scleroderma, although recent­ nonspecific complaints as weakness; weight gravate the condition by shifting blood fiow ly patients have been found who developing loss; fatigue; neurasthenia; vague muscle, away from affected areas. severe lung disease twenty years or more joint or bone aching; arthritis; Raynaud's Good care of circulation and infections is after the onset of CREST syndrome. phenomenon; stiffness of the hands; altered recommended. A warm climate may offer re­ The term CREST is an acronym made up pigmentation; unexplained edema; thick­ lief of some symptoms, but modern air condi­ of the first letters of the five most prominent ening of the skin or telangiectases. tioning should not be used to excess. manifestations noted below. CREST syn­ Loss of body hair; swallowing difficulties; Upper respiratory tract infections should drome includes patients who were formerly heartburn; shortness of breath; blood pres­ be treated early and vigorously. The treat­ said to have sclerodactyly and to have a sure problems (rare as a presenting prob­ ment is directed toward preventing long term favorable prognosis. lem); heart, kidney, intestinal or lung prob­ complications. Calclnosis is the accumulation of calcium lems. If any one of these is an isolated com­ Rest is most important. Physiotherapy can below the outer layer of skin. These accumu­ plaint, scleroderma isn't the first disorder include warm whirlpool baths and hot water lations may become painful with time. They that comes to mind. baths. Passive and graduated muscle may protrude through the skin, causing When two or more of these symptoms come exercises are beneficial, as is general physical infections. together, the true nature of the disease may conditioning. Raynaud's phenomenon is a vascular reac­ be suspected. There is no single test which After diagnosis, the patient will probably tion, an exaggeration of a normal blood proves the diagnosis. Several tests, including go through an emotional process in several vessel reaction to cold. Normally vessels con­ blood sedimentation rate, gamma globulin, stages--denial, anger, bargaining (an strict in order to conserve the warmth of the latex fixation, antinuclear antibody tests, attempt to postpone), depression, and body for the internal organs; but in sclero­ skin biopsies and X-rays may be made. Some finally, acceptance. The patient should know derma the vessels are decreased in number of the tests may be abnormal, but sclero­ the truth first, then be given the most and narrowed. Even a slight constriction derma is not necessarily the only possible important thing-HOPE. may produce a marked decrease in or cessa­ diagnosis. At the first California Licensed Vocational tion of the fiow of blood to the fingers. All of the above tests are non-specific, and Nurses Association Scleroderma Workshop in In response to cold, the tips of the fingers none proves the diagnosis. This generally is Monterey, California, in February, 1977, Dr. or toes may go from white to blue to red. established on the basis of combined clinical Denny L. Tuffr.nelli said the old advice The result may be painful, with burning findings. The decision may be confirmed by "Don't read about the disease," is founded pins and needles numbness. biopsy, although this seldom is required for upon concern about patients reading with­ Raynaud's phenomenon may occur in as­ diagnostic purposes. out guidance with the resultant misunder­ sociation with scleroderma or other forms Estimates of frequency in the United standing. of connective tissue disease such as lupus States vary from 50,000 to 300,000. With the He said the patient with serious problems erythematosus. In either case the term sec­ probable occurrence of numerous undiag­ has a right to know facts. Group meetings or ondary Raynaud's phenomenon is employed. nosed cases, an exact figure is difficult to clubs are a way for people to learn more This phenomenon also may occur as an ascertain. about their minds and bodies. Personal isolated circulatory disturbance. In this case Any age group may be affected, although exchange between the affiicted is encouraged. the term primary Raynaud's phenomenon most patients develop the disease between Once more the unknown cause of the is used. Not all Raynaud's phenomenon the ages of thirty and fifty. It is emphasized disease is stressed. There has been recent that occurrence may be observed at any age, progress in understanding the collagen a.nd means scleroderma, but it ls present in even in childhood. about ninety percent of scleroderma pa­ ground substance in scleroderma. According tients. Approximately three times as many wom­ to Dr. Richard K. Winkelmann of the Mayo en as men develop scleroderma during early Esophagael dysfunction involves fibrosis Clinic, one of the problems has been the and middle age. The frequency tends to in­ abundance of theories and the absence of and loss of normal motility of the lower crease with age in both sexes. In older ages, esophagus, actually thinning of muscle. facts. Now, however, data exists to make the relative ratio of women to men is less. classification and staging of scleroderma This causes difficulty in swallowing and In most cases, this is a chronic and dis­ according to severity possible. acid refiux and leads to heartburn. able disease, although there are exceptional After the diagnosis, the physician often In Sclerodactyly the skin becomes thin, records of remissions after five to ten years. has little to orrer except alleviation of the shiny and bright; the fingers and toes may The patient must face the fact that he is patient's symptoms. Many fundamental not bend, or they become fixed into fiexed dealing with a long-term disorder. questions are unanswered, as the disease or less functional positions. Unfortunately there is not as yet any varies from the sclerosis of a small btt ·of Tela.ngiectasla occurs when the small ves­ known therapy that will stop or reverse the skin to overwhelming systemic reactions sels near the surface of the skin become di­ progressive sclerosis involved in sclerodema. terminating in death. lated and visible. They form fine little red Many different medications and therapies Scleroderma is a baffiing disease with no or purple spiderish spots that usually have have been tried. Some of these have been met cure available at this time. The symptoms at least one straight border. with initial hope and enthusiasm both by can be treated only with the hope of making Mixed-Connective Tissue Disease is an doctors and patients, but so far none has the patient more comfortable. It is wise to overlap between scleroderma and one or led to a permanent cure of the disease. seek a specialist who practices in the area more other collagen diseases; for instance, Several agents still are being researched in which the patient lives. systemic lupus, dermatomyositis or rheuma­ to determine if they are useful in special currently studies and research are being toid arthritis. This type of scleroderma has types of scleroderma. Cortisone, penicilla­ conducted at medical centers throughout a different course a.nd is treated in a differ­ mine, colchicine, immunosuppressive drugs, the United. States. These may result in new ent way. findings to uncover a cure. DMSO (dimenthylsulfoxide) and Vitamin E Attention to scleroderma research by Scleroderma may be defined as a rare dis­ are some that currently are being studied. medical people should be encouraged. The ease complex of (1) vascular changes, (2) Aspirin frequently is prescribed as relief for United Scleroderma Foundation is hoping fibrosis, an abnormal increase in the the arthritis symptoms. There is no evidence to further this work by grant awards for the amount of collagenous connective tissue in. whatsoever that DMSO or vitamin E is most productive and scholarly published an organ, ( 3) infiammation that to varying helpful. research papers on scleroderma, its causes degrees involves skin and visceral organs, Scleroderma usually doesn't respond to cor­ and potential cures. Outstanding work in and (4) atrophy or loss of normal function­ tisone, as does arthritis of the rheumatoid collagen or. related diseases will be eligible ing tissues. type. It is emphasized that no specific drug for the grants. The awards will be decided The basis of scleroderma is thought to re­ is available at present to cure scleroderma, upon by the USF's Medical Advisory Board, sult from blood vessels narrowing, which although various anti-infiammatory agents a nationwide panel of physicians who spe­ leads to fibrosis of skin and multiple or­ may provide benefit in treating certain mani­ cialize in scleroderma. gans and atrophy of normal tissues. festations. The United Sclerodemra Foundation is a It is not known what the primary event General supportive, nutritional, · drug:.-_a;nd non-profit organization established in may be. Changes may occur first in vessels physical therapeutic measures can contribute December, 1975, in Watsonville, California, or cells (fibroblasts) which cause connective significantly to improving function and·com­ under the state laws of California. Its goals tissue proliferation; or an infiammatory re­ fort of the patient. are to educate and inform the public about sponse may take place. It is possible that a Much research is being conducted on the scleroderma; to promote medical research combination of the changes may occur early. possible causes and t,r.~atment of scleroderma, toward finding a cure; to help patients make At first, scleroderma can be difficult to diag­ but at present· it. is · controversial. Toxic and maintain contact with each other, and nose. There may be slowly evolving changes therapies should be ·a.vol.cled. The· patient's to accept donations, bequests, memorials . April 11, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9733 and grants, and to oversee their proper and AN OUTRAGEOUS ATTEMPT TO of 1972 and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act most useful distribution. CHANGE THE RULES of 1974. ' Scleroderma. patients and supporters ERA will, however, take away from women formed the foundation to channel hopeless­ many rights they now enjoy. It will take away ness into action, ignorance in knowledge HON. LARRY McDONALD a young girl's exemption from the draft in and fear into acceptance. OF GEORGL\ all future wars and force her to register The United Scleroderma. Foundation wlll just like her male coun,terpart. The Selective be glad to answer any inquiries. The address IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Service Act would have to read "all persons" ls Post Office Box 724, Wa.tsonvllle, California. Tuesday, April 11, 1978 in our next war, and women would be in­ 95076. Telephone contact may be made at voluntarily assigned to coqibat duty just like 408-728-1277 .• e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the men. debate over the so-called equal rights If laws pertaining to family support are amendment has already consumed more neutralized by ERA, it would void the hus­ of America's time than many persons band's obligation to support his wife, to pro­ EQUALITY UNDER THE LAW FOR think it really merits. Clearly, public vide her with a home and support their SOVIET REFUGEES opinion is turning against ERA. How­ minor children. ERA simply would not permit ever, the pro-ERA lobby is now attempt­ any "sexist" law such as "Husband ls liable ing to win with blackmail-no conven­ for the support of his wife." HON. NEWTON I. STEERS, JR. tions in anti-ERA States-what they Section 2 of ERA would shift from the OF MARYLAND states to the federal government the last re­ have failed to win in the legislatures maining aspects of our lives that it does not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the States. And, if this blackmail already control, including marriage, divorce, Tuesday, April 11, 197 8 effort is not bad enough, they are now child custody, prison regulations, protective attempting to secure an extension of the labor legislation and insurance rates. • Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, last month time alloted for ratification of a consti­ ERA would prevent us forever from ma.k­ I introduced a bill with my distinguished tutional amendment. Thus, while the ing reasonable differences between men and colleagues, MILLICENT FENWICK and ball game is, officially, almost over, the women on the basis of factual differences in GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN, H.R. 11508, that ERA proponents want an extended over­ child-bearing and physical strength. ERA would allow paroled refugees the same time with which to plead their case. This would force upon us the rigid, unisex, gender­ treatment under the law as conditional is wrong and Phyllis Schlafiy recently free mandate demanded by the women's lib­ refugees regarding the comi:>utation of stated the case as to why they are wrong eration movement, and it would transfer their permanent resident status. Indo­ the power to apply that mandate to the chinese and Cuban refugees already in a very succinct item that appeared in federal government and the federal courts. the Washington Post of Tuesday, ERA can't win in seven years, and it is even receive this treatment, but refugees from April 11, 1978. less likely to win in 14 years. American wom­ the Soviet Union do not. The item fallows: en are too smart to fall for the fraud of At the present time, conditional ref­ ERA.e ugees must be in the United States sev­ THE ERA ARGUMENT-AN "OUTRAGEOUS eral yea.rs before they can apply for per­ ATTEMPT To CHANGE THE RULES" (By Phyllis Schla.fly) manent resident status. They then must COMMERCIAL ARMS SALE have permanent resident status for The football game ls in the last quarter e.nd your team is winning. Suddenly the 5 years before being eligible for citizen­ coach of the losing team demands that the ship. This 5-year period is computed game be extended an extra quarter to give HON. GERRY E. STUDDS from the time they arrived in the United them time to catch up. OF MASSACHUSETTS States. Paroled refugees must also wait Would the fans on either side put up with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENT AT an initial period before receiving perma­ such a:!l outrageous attempt to change the nent resident status, but their 5-year rules in the middle of the game? Certainly Tuesday, April 11, 1978 permanent resident status requirement not. Neither will fair-minded Americans • Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, on is computed from the day they received accept a similar attempt by the backers of the Equal Rtghts Amendment to change the March 8, the Subcommittee on Interna­ permanent resident status, not the day rules in the middle of the consideration tional Scientific and Security Affairs of they entered this country. pro:::ess and extend the time limit another the House International Relations Com­ In some cases, these paroled refugees seven years. mittee held a hearing on the sale by U.S. entered the United States the same day Such action woulj be unfair, unprece­ companies of police and law enforcement as conditional refugees, but they must dented, and unrealistic. It should be burie:1 equipment to nations around the world. wait years longer to acquire citizenship. under a torrent of righteous indignation. During the hearing, a number of very It is the aim of H.R. 11508 to provide The Supreme Court ruled in Dillon v . important questions were raised concern­ Soviet refugees the same consideration Gloss (1921) and Coleman v . Miller (1939) that Congress has the power to set a "reason­ ing the uses to which U.S.-supplied under the law as is presently accorded eble" tima limit for ratification. Nothing equipment are put. In addition, a great the other major groups of refugees. could be more unreasonable than to saddle deal of interest was expressed in the This bill is extremely simple and I am state legislatures with the duty of debating Carter administration's policy toward inserting into the RECORD the text of this the same constitutional amendment for 14 the sale of commercial weapons to gov­ bill for my colleagues' perusal: consecutive years. ernments known to have poor records in R.R. 11508 The seven-year limit was set by Congress the area of human rights. in the ERA resolution itself because that A bill to provide the. t certain refugees who figure had been used in most other amend­ I believe that the issue of commercial were paroled and later admitted for per­ ments of this century. As passed by Congress arms sales is very important, and that manent residence into the United States on March 22, 1972, ERA specifically states that it is deserving of continued close scrutiny will be treated, for determining their it shall become part of the Constitution by the Congress. I believe also that the period of residence for purposes of natural­ "when ratified by the legislatures of three­ ization, as establishing permanent resident following correspondence between my­ fourths of the several states within seven self and Under Secretary of State Lucy status as of the date of their arrival to the years from the Germany, Japan, House provision. against their will. One must cut the empire Taiwan and several others ignored our ad­ down to size, smiling as we wave bye-bye to vice, and kept the Western economy buoyant. Comprehensive plan for maximum coordina­ former customers. So long, Cuba, Goodbye, Perhaps this partly explains why there is tion of activities of all agencies and orga­ Vietnam and Indochina. Adios, Angola. such a gap between the people and the poli­ nizations involved in child abuse and Goodbye, Canal. Shrink the U.S. Navy to ticians on the Canal. The citizenry may sense neglect bathtub size. Ban the neutron bomb. Take The Senate amendment would require what you can get at SALT, and start think_. that Keynesianism is on its last laps, and ing about kissing Tr.iwan goodbye. we'll soon abandon the idea that an Ameri­ that the National Center on Child Abuse and can hegemony can succeed with economic Neglect prepare a comprehensive plan for The American people are making different theories that destroyed the British Empire. seeking to bring about maximum coordina­ calculations, and seem to be saying it is too American global leadership must surely be- tion o! the goals, objectives, and activities CXXIV---613-Part 8 9736 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1978 ot all agencies and organizations involved in and neglect a failure to arrange for medical propriations at levels of $25 million for fiscal child abuse and neglect. treatment because of religious belief. year 1978, $27.5 million for fiscal year 1979, The House bill contained no comparable The Senate amendment contained no com­ and $30 mlllion each for fiscal years 1980, provision. parable provision. 1981, and 1982. The Senate amendment would The compromise agreement contains the The compromise agreement does not con­ provide for a two-year extension at $25 mil­ Senat e provision. tain the House provision. lion each for fiscal years 1978 and 1979. Research priorities Definition of age The compromise agreement provides for a Both the House bill and the Senate The Senate amendment would a.mend the four-year extension at $25 million for fiscal amendment would require that the Secre­ definition of "child" to allow the age of the year 1978, $27.5 million for fiscal year 1979, tary of H.E.W. establish research priorities child to be defined by State law. and $30 million each for fiscal years 1980 for making grants or contracts under the The House bill contained no comparable and 1981. Act and, not less than sixty days before es­ provision. Earmarking of appropriations tablishing such priorities, publish a state­ The compromise agreement contains the The Senate amendment would move the ment of such proposed priorities in the Fed­ Senate provision. earmarking provisions of the Act from sec­ eral Register for public comment. SEc. 103-Demonstration or Service Pro­ tion 4 to section 5 and would include re­ The compromise agreement contains this grams and Projects. search activities as among those (presently provision. Service programs and projects demonstration programs and projects) for The Committees anticipate that the re­ The House bill would add "service" pro­ which 50 % of the funds are earmarked un­ search and demonstration priorities for fis­ grams to the demonstration program au­ der existing law. cal year 1978 will reflect the amendments to thority. The Senate amendment would pro­ The House bill contained no comparable the Act contained in the compromise agree­ vide for special consideration to be given to provision. ment. continued federal funding of programs or The compromise agreement contains the Research grants projects of national or regional scope and Senate provisions. Both the House bill and the Senate demonstrated effectiveness. The compromise agreement incorporates Continued funding of national or regional amendment, with slightly different phrase­ projects of demonstrated effectiveness ology, would provide that research grants the provisions of both the House bill and the may be ma.de for periods up to three years Senate amendment. The provisions of the The House bill, the Senate amendment, with a review, at least annually, by the Sec­ House bill are included in section 103 and and the compromise agreement, to extent retary ot H.E.W. utilizing peer review mech­ the provisions of the Senate am·~ndment are previously described in section 103, provide anisms to assure the quality and progress of included in section 104. for funding of service programs within the research conducted under such grants. Development and establishmE·nt of training existing demonstration program authority programs and for special consideration for continued The compromise agreement contains this Federal funding of child abuse and neglect provision utilizing the House phraseology. The House bill would strike out "the de­ programs or projects, previously funded by Staff and resources velopment and establishment of" in the the Department of H.E.W. of national or training authority for demonstration pro­ Both the House bill and the Senate regional scope and demonstrated effective­ grams. ness. amendment would provide that the Secre­ The Senate amendment contained no com­ tary of H.E.W. shall make available to the parable provision. Earmarking of appropriations for State grant National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect The compromise agreement contains the program the necessary staff and resources for the House provision. The House b111 would provide that not less Center to carry out effectively its !unctions. The Committees stress that this change is than 30 % of the funds a.pproprhted shall be The Compromise agreement contains this intended to clarify that funds may be uti­ used for the State grant program. The Sen­ provision utilizing the Senate phraseology. lized for maintenance of training programs ate amendment would provide that not less The Committees note that while insuffi­ and is not intended to eliminate the author­ than 20 % of the funds appropriated shall be cient staff and resources have been made ity for de~lopment and establishment of used for the State grant program. available to the National Center on Child training programs. The compromise agreement provides that Abuse and Neglect to enable it to carry out Relocation of appropriations earmarking not less than 25 % of the funds appropriated its functions, the support staff at the Assist­ provisions for each of fiscal years 1978 and 1979 shall ant Secretary for Human Development's level The Senate amendment would move the be used for the State grant and not less than has grown significantly over the past few 30 % for each of fiscal years 1980 and 1981. years. The Committees expect that adequate provision earmarking the funds appropriated staff and resources wm promptly be made under the Act for programs or projects from Sexual Abuse Treatment Center, programs, available at the program level to carry out section 4 to section 5. and projects this Act effectively. The House bill contained no comparable The House bill would provide for the es­ provision. The Committees would like to make clear ta.blishmen t of not less than five centers for The compromise agreement contains the provision of treatment and other services to that they expect that no funds appropriated Senate provision. under this Act would be utilized for research sexually-abused children and those who com­ programs or activities which are not specifi­ Disbursement of State grant funds mit sexual abuse against children, and au­ cally authorized by this Act, nor would such The House bill would add " (through the thorizes the appropriation of such sums as funds be transferred to any office or other Center)" to the provisions dealing with dis­ may be necessary. The Senate amendment activity of the Department of H.E.W. which bursement of State grant money and strike would authorize the appropriation of $2 mil­ is not directly responsible to the Commis­ out the phrase "for the payment of reason­ lion ea.ch for fiscal year 1978, and 1979 for s!oner of the Administration for Children, able and necessary expenses" in the provi­ ( 1) research, (2) demonstration projects, Youth, and Families or other successor office sions dealing with reimbursement in the and (3) State grants for programs and proj­ or activity which performs substantially State grant program. The Senate amendment. ects to prevent, identify, and treat sexual similar functions with respect to the child would also add "through the Center" to these abuse of children, including the treatment abuse and neglect programs. The Committees provisions along with a conforming amend­ of family units. The Senate amendment also have been assured that no such diversion of ment to facilitate the movement of the ear­ would provide that not more than 20% of research funds appropriated under this Act marking provisions of the Act from section the sums appropriated ea.ch year may be has been implemented with respect to fiscal 4 to section 5. spent on research. year 1978 appropriations, and the Commit­ The compromise agreement contains the The compromise agreement incorporates tees expect that this situation will continue Senate phraseology. provisions from both versions to: ( 1) pro­ hereafter. vide for authorizations of appropriations of Obligation of State grants SEc. 102-Definitions. $3 milllon for fiscal year 1978, $3.5 mlllion The Senate amendment would require a for fiscal year 1979, and $4 mill1on ea.ch for Sexual exploitation reduction in grants awarded to a State which fiscal yea.rs 1980 and 1981; (2) provide for The House bill would add "or exploitation" fails to obligate funds within 18 months after programs and projects (including the sup­ after "sexual abuse" in the definition of its award. port of not less than three centers for the child abuse and neglect in section 3 of the The House bill contained no comparable provision of treatment, personnel training, Act. provision. and other related services) designed to pre­ The Senate amendment contained no com­ The compromise agreement contains the vent, identify, and treat sexual abuse of p9.rable provision. Senate provision. children, including programs involving the The compromise agreement contains the SEC. 104-Authorization of Appropriations, treatment of family units, programs for the House provision. Earmarking, and Sexual Abuse Treatment provision of treatment and other rela~d Failure to provide medical treatment Programs. services to persons who have committed acts The House bill would add to the definition Authorization of appropriations ot sexual abuse, and programs for the train­ of child abuse and neglect a provision ex­ The House blll would provide for a five­ ing of personnel, and (3) provide that not cluding from the definition of child abuse year extension of the authorization of ap- more than 10 per centum of the aums appro- April 11, 1978 ~XTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9737 priated under this authority shall be ex­ 3. Establishment of an appropriate admin­ ing. In the case of one person businesses pended for research. istrative arrangement within HEW to pro­ which have incorporated, the problem Definition of sexual abuse, utilization of vide centralized focus for planning and co­ becomes especially apparent. While 1 funds by other programs or projects, and ordination of all departmental activities af­ fecting adoption and foster care, including drawing a salary the profit sharing is not limitation upon appropriations for sexual merely current income deferred until a abuse programs an education and training program on adop­ tion, preparation, publication and dissemi­ later date, but an exercise of corporate The Senate amendment would provide ( 1) nation of information and education and power which is outside the bounds of any e. definition of sexual abuse for the purpose training materials regarding adoption and duty to compensate employees. Why this of funding programs and projects under adoption assistance programs, and technical the separate authorization of appropriation has to be reported separately to the ms is contained in section 5(b) of the Act; (2) that veloping, and carrying out of programs and funds appropriated under section 5(a) au­ activities related to adoption; and not entirely clear, but it does. What then thorization in the Act may also be used for 4 A study of the nature, scope and effects happens to the report is only vaguely set the purposes specified in the section 5 (b) of interstate (and to the extent feasible, in­ forth. While it certainly contributes to authorization; (3) that programs and proj­ trastate) placement of children in adoptive the already overflowing files of memo­ ects receiving funds under the section 5(a) homes by unlicensed persons or agencies. randa on people in a similar situation in authorization may also receive funds for ac­ 5. An authorization of appropriation of $5 tivities under the section 5(b) authorization; the Federal Government's files, that in­ million each for fiscal years 1978, 1979, 1980, formation may well be found to be less and (4) that no funds may be spent for sec­ and 1981 for carrying out this title. tion 5(b) unless funds are appropriated The House bill contained no comparable than valuable or useful. The answer to under section 5 (a) at least the fiscal year provisions. this problem may take the form of one of 1977 level. The compromise agreement contains the several options : The House bill contained no comparable Senate provision.e First. Repeal ERISA; provision. Second. Restrict the jurisdiction of The compromise agreement contains the ERISA to only employee contributed Senate provision. funded accounts and eliminate all other Criminal penalties for sexual exploitation of PROBLEMS WITH ERISA types of pension systems; children Third. Restrict the jurisdiction of The House bill would establish criminal ERISA to only deferred employee com­ penalties for the sexual exploitation of HON. NEWTON I. STEERS, JR. pensation systems; and children. OF MARYLAND The Senate amendment contained no com­ Fourth. Enact Senate bill S. 901 or parable provision. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES House bill H.R. 4340. The compromise agreement does not con­ Tuesday, April 11, 1978 The second problem area involves a tain the House provision. division of responsibility which results in Sec. 105-Advisory Board. • Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, the pas­ duplication of all employers'