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Rapporto Sulla Campagna Antartica Estate Australe 2009-2010 PROGRAMMA NAZIONALE DI RICERCHE IN ANTARTIDE Rapporto sulla Campagna Antartica Estate Australe 2009-2010 Venticinquesima Spedizione ANT 2010/01 . PROGRAMMA NAZIONALE DI RICERCHE IN ANTARTIDE Rapporto sulla Campagna Antartica Estate Australe 2009-2010 Venticinquesima Spedizione A Cura di M. Chiara Ramorino ISSN 1723-7084 Consorzio per l’attuazione del Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide c/o ENEA - Via Anguillarese, 301 - c.p. 2400, 00100 Roma A.D. Tel.: 0630484816, Fax: 0630484893, E-mail: [email protected] Indice INDICE PREMESSA................................................................................................................................................... VII CAP. 1 - BASE MARIO ZUCCHELLI E ALTRE BASI O NAVI 1.1 - ATTIVITÀ SCIENTIFICA Settore di Ricerca 1: Biologia e medicina Stazione Mario Zucchelli Progetto 2004/01.02: Uso di bioindicatori nella valutazione dei cambiamenti di origine naturale e antropica negli ecosistemi antartici ..............................................................................5 Progetto 2004/01.03: Evoluzione e adattamenti molecolari nel trasporto di O2 in pesci polari: Struttura, funzione e geni dell'Hb - Funzionalità dell'eritrocita - Eritropoiesi - Regolazione del trasporto del ferro - L'NO nell'omeostasi respirazione-circolazione - Caratterizzazione citogenetica - Filogenesi molecolare ..............................................7 Progetto 2005/01.02: Adattamento evolutivo di geni, molecole e cellule coinvolte nella risposta immune dei teleostei antartici; processi digestivi.........................................................8 Presso altre Basi o Navi Progetto 2004/01.04: Protozoi ciliati e invertebrati marini antartici: biologia evolutiva, risposte adattative e potenzialità applicative (a bordo della R/V N.B. Palmer) .........................8 Progetto 2004/01.06: Batteri e cianobatteri antartici: biodiversità e produzione di composti con potenzialità applicative in biotecnologia (presso la Base americana McMurdo) .........9 Settore di Ricerca 2: Geodesia e Osservatori Stazione Mario Zucchelli Progetto 2004/02.03: Monitoraggio geodetico della Terra Vittoria settentrionale ........................................11 Progetto 2004/02.05: Osservatori permanenti per il Geomagnetismo e la Sismologia................................11 Progetto 2004/02.06: Osservatorio climatologico antartico ..........................................................................14 Progetto 2006/02.01: Osservazioni in alta atmosfera e climatologia spaziale .............................................16 Presso altre Basi o Navi Progetto 2004/2.7-2.8 Sismologia a larga banda, Struttura della Litosfera e Geodinamica nella regione dell’Arco di Scozia (Basi Argentine)...........................................................................17 Progetto 2004/02.09: Progresso degli osservatori LIDAR NDSC in Antartide (ILONA) (Base McMurdo) ...18 Settore di Ricerca 4: Geologia Progetto 2004/04.2: Origine e comportamento del sistema glaciale della Terra Vittoria settentrionale.....19 Settore di Ricerca 5: Glaciologia Progetto 2004/05.04: Meteoriti antartiche.....................................................................................................21 Settore di Ricerca 6: Fisica e Chimica dell’atmosfera Progetto 2006/06.01: POLAR-AOD: un network per la caratterizzazione dei valori medi, della variabilità e dei trend degli effetti climatici degli aerosol nelle aree polari .................23 Settore di Ricerca 7: Relazioni Sole-Terra ed Astrofisica Progetto 2005/07.01: OASI/COCHISE .........................................................................................................25 i Indice Settore di Ricerca 8: Oceanografia ed Ecologia Marina Stazione Mario Zucchelli Progetto 2004/08.04: Ecologia e ciclo vitale di specie ittiche costiere del Mare di Ross .............................27 Progetto 2004/08.05: Osservatorio marino dell’Area Protetta di baia Terra Nova. (MOA – TNB) ...............28 Progetto 2006/08.01: L’ecosistema costiero di Baia Terra Nova nell’ambito del programma LGP (Latitudinal Gradient Project) .....................................................................................30 Presso altre Basi o Navi Progetto 2004/08.04: Ecologia e ciclo vitale di specie ittiche costiere del Mare di Ross (Base francese Dumont d’Urville)........................................................................................................33 Settore di Ricerca 9: Chimica degli Ambienti Polari Progetto 2004/09.01: Microinquinanti e microcostituenti nell’ambiente: cicli e relazioni con i cambiamenti climatici.................................................................................................37 Settore di Ricerca 11: Tecnologia Progetto 2004/11.04: Realizzazione di una versione con caratteristiche spettrali innovative di un radiometro UV di stazione, operante in ambiente ostile, per la misura dell’irradianza globale UV nell’intervallo spettrale tra 280 nm e 380 nm ...................43 1.2 - ATTIVITÀ LOGISTICA Servizio Sanitario.........................................................................................................................................47 Servizi tecnico-logistici Relazione generale ........................................................................................................................................49 Servizio Prevenzione e Protezione ................................................................................................................53 Servizi tecnico-scientifici di supporto Centro Servizi Informatici...............................................................................................................................55 Piattaforma Automatica Telecontrollata (PAT)...............................................................................................55 Telerilevamento..............................................................................................................................................57 Telecomunicazioni .........................................................................................................................................58 Meteorologia operativa...................................................................................................................................59 Monitoraggio ambientale................................................................................................................................61 Supporto logistico-operativo Coordinamento operazioni e sicurezza..........................................................................................................65 Sezione Meteorologia operativa ....................................................................................................................67 CAP. 2 - ATTIVITÀ SVOLTE NELL’AMBITO DI ACCORDI INTERNAZIONALI 2.1 - IL PROGRAMMA ITALO-FRANCESE CONCORDIA ...................................................................73 Attività scientifica Progetto 2004/02.03: Monitoraggio geodetico della Terra Vittoria settentrionale ........................................75 Progetto 2004/02.04: Implementazione della stazione di radiazione BSRN a Dome Concordia.................75 Progetto 2004/02.05: Osservatori permanenti per il geomagnetismo e la sismologia .................................79 Progetto2004/02.06: Osservatorio Meteo-Climatologico.............................................................................81 Progetto 2006/02.01: Osservazioni in alta atmosfera e climatologia spaziale .............................................82 Progetto 2004/03.01: MAPME: Monitoraggio del Plateau Antartico attraverso l'emissione a Microonde Multi-Frequenza .........................................................................................................84 Progetto 2004/05.01: Paleoclima e paleoambiente dalla stratigrafia chimica, fisica e isotopica di carote di ghiaccio ......................................................................................................................87 Progetto 2004/06.04: Effetti climatici delle particelle di aerosol e delle nubi sottili nell’area del Plateau Est Antartico .....................................................................................................................92 Progetto 2004/07.08: IRAIT - Il Telescopio Infrarosso Antartico Italiano: ....................................................95 Progetto 2005/07.01: OASI-COCHISE .........................................................................................................96 ii Indice Progetto 2006/07.01: Interferometria Bolometrica e polarizzazione del fondo cosmico a microonde .........96 Progetto 2004/11.05: Tecnologia per la realizzazione di uno SnowRadar...................................................98 IPEV Program 902 and 1013: GLACIOCLIM – CALVA.................................................................................99 IPEV Program 903: Dome C Chimie............................................................................................................103 IPEV Programme 904: SAOZ, Sondes Ozone profiles................................................................................103 IPEV Project 905: Concordia Permanent Geomagnetic Observatory .........................................................104 IPEV Project 906 - Seismology at Concordia ..............................................................................................106 IPEV Program 908 - ASTRO-CONCORDIA ................................................................................................108
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