Volume 3 Article 1 Number 9 The Iowa Homemaker vol.3, no.9

1923 The oI wa Homemaker vol.3, no.9 Charles H. Brown Iowa State College

Eda Lord Murphy Iowa State College

Helen Brennan Iowa State College

Viola M. Bell Iowa State College

Katherine Goeppinger Iowa State College

See next page for additional authors

Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker Part of the Home Economics Commons

Recommended Citation Brown, Charles H.; Lord Murphy, Eda; Brennan, Helen; Bell, Viola M.; Goeppinger, Katherine; Mann, Bertha; Dewell, Barbara; Doole, Louise; Stanke, Lora Ann; Allen, Minne Elisabeth; Riemenschneider, Alma; Barta, Lucile; Wilson, Ruth Elaine; Jammer, Viola; and Putnam, Helen I. (1923) "The oI wa Homemaker vol.3, no.9," The Iowa Homemaker: Vol. 3 : No. 9 , Article 1. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker/vol3/iss9/1

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in The oI wa Homemaker by an authorized editor of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The oI wa Homemaker vol.3, no.9

Authors Charles H. Brown, Eda Lord Murphy, Helen Brennan, Viola M. Bell, Katherine Goeppinger, Bertha Mann, Barbara Dewell, Louise Doole, Lora Ann Stanke, Minne Elisabeth Allen, Alma Riemenschneider, Lucile Barta, Ruth Elaine Wilson, Viola Jammer, and Helen I. Putnam

This article is available in The oI wa Homemaker: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker/vol3/iss9/1 VOL. III DECEMBER, 1923 N o . 9 Qtf1ri.stman lJr:eatur:e •-••-••- •• -••-••- •• - •• - •• - ••- "~-•• -••- •• -••- ••- ••- •• - I -··-· ·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·-~ +I '

Helpful Suggestions for the Gift Shopper

You can't think of what to give for Christ­ French boxes, telephone shields, lamp shades, and innumerable other little acces­ mas ~ Just visit this Store the next time you sories of delicately puffed taffeta and silver are in Des Moines. You are sure to find such lace. l i a wide selection of appropriate things for Handkerchiefs newer and prettier than every "hard to solve gift problem " that you ever, jewelry, stationery-everything you i can imagine is gather ed in this Store for i will find shopping a pleasure. Christmas, awaiting your selection. I HARRIS-- EMERY'S !__ ,._,._,,_ ,._ ,,_,,_,,_,,_ ,,_ ,,_ , _ ,,_ ,,_ ,,_ ,,_,._ ,,_ ,,_ ,,_ ,,_,,_ ,,_ , _ ,,_ ,,_,,_ ,,_ ,,_ , _ ,,_,_,,_,,_,_,,_,,_ ,,_ , _ ,,_ ,,_ ,,_ , _ ,+

+----. ··-··-··- ··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··-··-··-··-··-··-1·- ··-··- ··-··- ··-··- ··- ··-··-··- ··-··- ··- ··-·-+i We Have the Beautiful i •l R In All Sizes W1 ton ugs That You Need -in one of the largest and most complete selections of desirable patterns that has ever been d i s p l a y e d in Des Moines. Any pattern in any size that you could possibly wish for. Don't wait langer. Buy now ! Get t h e choice patterns Beautiful Rugs ALL SIZES Now ready for your inspection In Al l Sizes Such As- SEAMLESS ARABIC BALBECK ANGLO-KIRMAN CRESTON KARNAK MARABIA AKBAR MEDINAH TEPRAC ANGLO-PERSIAN SEDAN Prices Are the Lowest Consistent with Qua lity New Chenille Rugs with two­ color borders and two-toned figured center. Conte in and see the Larg­ est Collection of B eautif~tl Or·iental and Domestiv R~tgs ever clisplayed in D es Moines. I ! •-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••- •• -••-••-•• -••-••-••---•- ••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-•• - •• -• • -••-••-•a- •• -••-••-••-••-• • -• • -••-••-• • - • ~ THE IOW A HOME MA KER 1 t·-·-··-·j ·-·-·-··-·-··-··-··---·-·t +·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··- · ·- · ·-··- ··- · ·-··- ··-··- · ·-··-··- · ·- ·· -··-·· - ·· -·· -··-·· - ~+ :I 1. i i I E. R. LAY A. W . BURCH • i f : 1 i Y oti pay for only the distance you ride in a f i YELLOWCAB I 25c for first one-half mile, then lOc for each additional I one-half mile. IJ The l~ 1 I : I Lowest Rat es in Ames. High-class Taxicab Service. • I Call 116, Day or Night. f ! I New I +-··-··-··-··-··-·-··-··-·11-ll- 11- ll-11-llll- 11-11- ll- ll- 11-ll-ll- ll- ·- ··- ··- ··- ··- ·+ .'I l.I lEngland I 1 i Marshalltown, Iowa. 1 i I Also i ·Coats I New Feature I Line of Xmas Dresses Novelties f Skirts I WALS.H HAT SHOP i Blouses 1 t·- ··-·-··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··-··- ··- ··- ··- ··-··- ·--·- ··- ··- ··-··- ·- ··- ·--·--·--·t Sweaters 1 ! I i l and in fact everything for I XMAS CARDS I .1 the college girl who pre· J i i i . l fers smart-looking ready- i ! i f We have a large selection for you to choose from. j made clothing to the ordi- i : i nary kind. f PERSONAL ENGRAVED XMAS CARDS i 1 ! I are more than a Christmas greeting-They are different. I We welcome j May we have the pleasure of showing you¥ j . l your visit ! f f 1 1 i i i I Students Supply Store I Burch's i Second F loor i +-----·--··-··-··-··-··-··-·--··-·--·- ·+i 1----==~-·- · --·-.J +~--~-~-~-·-II-II-II-11-I-I-II-II-1-II-II-11-I!I- II -II-II-11-II-11-II-II-II-I-11-I-I.,_II-I-BI-I-II-II-II-II-II-II-II-11-+ l I I f t i i I I f j i t I I

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CONTENTS Page Books-\·Vhy Not1 ...... 3 Charles H. Brown, College Librarian A Visit to the Bazaars of StambouL...... 4 Eda Lord Murphy, Cons tantinople College, Turkey Glimpses in a Christmas Shop...... 4 Helen Brennan I i That Roast Fow·L...... 5 Viola M. Bell, Associate Professor of Home Economics l Echoes from State Home Economics Convention...... 6 f Katherine Goeppinger i 'l'oys That Instruct...... 7 Bertha Mann I Christmas Festivities in Foreign Lands...... 8 Barbara Dewell Christmas Dinner for Two...... 9 f Louise Doole f Italian Hemstitching ...... 10 ' Lora Stanke Eda Lord Murphy Writes from Constantinople...... lO f Who Is Responsible for the Child 1...... 11 f Minne Elisabeth Allen 'f The Perfect Guest...... 12 Lucile Barta f Holiday Sweets ...... 12 i Alma Riemenschneider, Associate Professor of Home E conomics f The Evolution of Home Economics at Iowa State ______l 3 i Ruth Elaine Wilson f Baskets Which Will Lead Long, Useful Lives.... ------14 j Viola Jammer ! Who's 'l'her e and Where.... ------15 i Helen I. Putnam Editorial Page ______...... ______------_____ 16 f The Eternal Question ------17 Wrapping of Christmas Gifts.·------24

. . i +-II-11-II-11-II-11-II-I-11-IA-II-II-11--tll-ll-11-ll-ll-ll-ll-11-ll-ll-ll-ll-ll-ll-ll-1-ll-l-ll-ll-l-ll-tl__..l__ l-11-1-tll---+ THE lOW A HOMEMAKER "A Magazine for Homemakers from a Homemakers' School"

VOLUME 3 DECEMBER, 1923 NUMBER 9

Books-Why Not? By CHARLES H. BROWN, Iowa State Librarian

Nets of silver and gold have we! --=.,...,....------?~..., HRISTMAS is coming. what he had done for the child in his Said Wynken, Many of us a r e charge, replied, "I made good and honest Blynken thinking over care­ things pleasant to children." And Nod. fully, even anxious­ It is quite impossible to keep children ly, what will make from the deteriorating influences of cer­ * * * * * * the best gifts for tain books movies, and undesirable com­ Wynken and Blynken are two little eyes, the children. Candy panions. We cannot bring up our chil­ And Nod is a little head, and sweets too often dren in a hothouse, altho some of us And the wooden shoe that sailed the result in r e g r e t s think such a procedure is possible and skies and castor oil; toys desirable. We can, however, keep the Is a wee one's trundle-bed. -yes. they are ex­ weeds out of their minds by filling their So shut your eyes while mother sings citing for a time, but too many mean brains with wholesome thoughts and Of wonderful sights that be. distraction and tend to develop an in­ high ideals. Begin young, if possible, and And you shall see the beautiful things ability to concentrate for any length of don't give the weeds a chance. And As you rock in the misty sea, time. Wrecks and breakage come quick­ Where the old shoe rocked the fishermen ly. Then why not books, at least one or don't force young plants. If you c::an read stories and have books available in the three: two, in place of half the candy and half home the average child will prove quite Wknken, the toys? insatiable, without being forced to it. He Blynken, Seven years ago I started a plan which will, of course, pick up some volumes of And Nod." appears so successful that I venture to trash, but you will find that he will come recommend it to the readers of the Iowa If the child can think of the bed as a back, eventually, to the books worth wooden shoe that will take him up to the Homemaker. Every Christmas one of while. my boys •found under the tree a book, se­ skies and let him .fish among the stars, lected because it was believed that it Stories, if wisely selected, have an im­ he will not have his thoughts filled with would form a permanent part of his mediate effect. The child's mind is very the terrible things that come with the library· a book well illustrated and one quick to grasp and make his own con­ dark. I kno'w of two boys who object to which the average boy would enjoy read­ clusions. I have heard of children who any light in their bedroom because they ing over and over again. At first the are afraid to go to bed. Is it any wonder like to look out of the window and see books were mainly picture boo.ks-Moth­ when they hear from their parents news­ the stars, the sky, and the trees. Which er Goose Stories, Potter's Peter Rabbit paper stories of murders and thefts and is better? Tales, The Story of the Three Bears, Cin­ see so much of the crude vulgarities Sometimes children hate to go to bed. derella, Mother Goose, and last but most which are found in the movies? Have Have you ever told them Stevenson's important, some poetry. These books you ever tried reading to the young tots story of the children who have to go to were suitable for children from three to at bedtime that pretty poem of Eugene bed by day? These few lines will run five years of age. Field's: thru their heads many an evening: There was a well-defined theory back "Wynken, Blynken, and Nod one night "I have to go to bed and see of the principle .of this gift of books and Sailed off in a wooden shoe- The birds still hopping on the tree, stories to read aloud to tots of even two Sailed on a river of crystal light, Or hear the grown-up people's feet or three. I did not want my boys to Into a sea of dew. Still going past me in the street. form their first opinion of the pleasures of reading from the Diamond Dick, or Where are you going, and what do you * * * * * other cheap thrillers-neither did I want wish? * them to obtain their impressions of the The old moon asked the three. And does it not seem hard to you, reading of good books from the fact that When all the sky is clear and blue, We have come to fish for the herring fish And I should like so much to play, teachers require such reading for school That live in this beautiful sea; work-valuable as such requirement is. To have to go to bed by day?" I wanted them to know for themselves, Some other evening, just before bed­ without compulsion, the pleasures, both 1111 111111 1111 1111111111 11111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111! time, why not tell them Kipling's story present and future, to be derived from ~ ~ of the elephant child who had such an good books. A Home Library insatiable curiosity? Hie asked his father A field left to itself will be filled with what a crocodile ate, and his father weeds. If sowing is commenced early By Mary Carolynn Davies spanked him. He asked his mother what a crocodile ate, and his mother spanked the weeds will be crowded out-but the A little place of inglenooks sowing must be done early. If you do not And books; him, and his uncle and his aunt spanked sow wheat, others will sow tares. The A place where still and cool him and told him to forget about the first few years count. The records of the A quiet pool crocodile. Then he ran away from home Chicago Police Department show that of to find out for himself and came to the Of condlelight upon the table great, gray-green, greasy, Limpopo river, all persons arrested on criminal charges sleeps; during one year, over one-fifth were un­ A spot that keeps all set about with fever trees, to find out der twenty years of age. It is better to Unbroken, ready, waiting for our what the crocodile had for dinner. The have the foundations of the habit of read­ crocodile told him to bend ·over close to need, the water and he would whisper and the ing sta:r:ted late than not started at all; Peace-that is home indeed. -but far better if our children can form elephant child bent way over and the Enter, tired, restless one, and crocodile got his nose and bit it and held such habits in our own homes early in dream and read. life. What more can amy of us say than on and on and on. The crocodile pulled, did the old Lacedemonian, when asked fttllllllllllfll1tii11UIIIIIIIIIItlllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllttlllllllllltlli (Continued on page 18) 4 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER A Visit to the Bazaars of Stamboul By EDA LORD MURPHY, Constantinople College, Constantinople, Turkey

T HAS always been more or less excit· were an itinerant meat market you could Next you begin the hunt for dish tow­ I ing to go (even to Des Moines) on a buy the little screened cupboard to carry els. The street venders beg you to con­ hunt for equipment, but I am sure that on your back. Later, in a department sider common, imported, ugly ones, but Constantinople exceeds all other cities in store your eye lights on a wee, thick, you insist on waiting until you finally offering the greatest number of sur· chopping bowl, six inches in diameter, pass a Greek woman who displays lovely with a wicked looking curved knife for a striped ones of soft texture woven from prises! chopper. It has suddenly become tre­ cotton by peasants. These are beautiful On the shopping list are such ordinary mendously important to have one and you in an eastern kitchen. articles as teaspoons, tablespoons, a wonder if perhaps it is not a great idea A few more measuring cups would help, chopping bowl, a garbage pail! But who to have it so tiny after all! would suppose you would select alumi· but no such thing is to be found in any num spoons while you stand in the mid· On the way out of the street you pass store. Perhaps the tinsmith would make die of a narrow street and are jostled by the nut market. Here you can buy -pea­ them or perhaps you will have to learn the crowd or nearly tipped over by the nuts that might have grown in Virginia, to use the Turkish measure. You trem· hamals, with their unbelievable loads? filberts, shelled and roasted if you like, ble to think of the arithmetic involved Men they are who carry any and every­ walnuts, almonds and pine nuts. You and the results in the cooking! thing on their backs. One has a big por­ buy a few of each, hoping soon to learn Getting out of this maze is almost celain stove (the kind Mark Twain said the native ways of using them. They are worse than getting in. The car just looks like the family monument), another put in gravies and sauces, roasts and misses a grape vendor's tray to tip over a bed spring, another a huge basket of stews as well as cakes and candies. one filled with long, slender egg plants. vegetables. If it were the rainy season The interpreter warns you that you The man who is roasting chestnuts has and the streets overflowing with water probably won't find a real garbage pail to squirm out of your way and the woman they'd carry you for five piaster (maybe) ! you'll have to content yourself with some­ who sells parsley tosses you a bunch in The chopping bowl necessitates a trip thing quite different. But luck is with exchange for five piasters, while you al· to the "Wood Bazaar" and disappoint· you and you find a beautiful one, pale most run over her toes! It is perilous to ment at not finding it is more than com­ blue with a washable crockery container. try to stop in such traffic and so you pass pensated by the fascination of the street. Just the thing! by brilliant radishes, marvelous melons, All the shops are wide open and have Now you are passing all too quickly fresh figs and pears. iron doors to protect the goods at night. the "Coffee Bazaar." Such fragrant odors Finally you reach Galata bridge and Men are sitting crosslegged, using tempt you to linger. If you showed any· an old grey beard of a man takes the strange tools and fashioning chair legs signs of buying coffee the merchant toll. You have left Stamboul and are or tables or stools. You show one man would serve you samples of various kinds. hurrying to Pera. Here the shops are your favorite pattern for wooden spoons It would be served in the tiniest of cups, quite European and the streets are filled and he only nods his head and says "The but you would start on your way re· with a different sort of crowd. There is Guild" will not allow him to fill the or­ freshed. It is the Turkish life-saver. It just time to run into a Russian shop to der! The interpreter supplements Turk­ is creamy and thick and, for foreigners, buy some fresh rings (covered with se­ ish with demonstrations of the size and sweet. same seed) and some big, delicious maca. shape of a chopping bowl,. but no such Here is a shop with water jugs made roons. These, with a cup of tea, will rest thing has ever been made in "The Wood of a crude sort of clay and glazed. This you like magic. Bazaar!" is the very place to buy custard cups! As soon as you are rested you begin If only you needed a bride's chest! The man find's six of the same size (ap­ to plan another trip to the copper bazaar There they are in gorgeous array, red or proximately) and you marvel to think or the rug bazaar or the brass shops, green, decorated with intricate designs that you are going to use hand-made pot­ where you know you will be tempted­ in brass with brass tacks. Or, if you tery in the kitchen. and fall!

Glimpses 1n a Christmas Shop By HELEN BRENNAN

HE YEAR is aging and growing old, tachment seems to permeate gifts which ways present themselves, to be hidden in T the wintry winds and drifting snows have even just a speck of hand work, heaps of some bright color. A most proclaim to us the passing of romantic rather than an article which is run out adorable pair was of pale green and lav· summer and flippant fall. With the of a factory .with others just like it. ender, caught with tiny rosettes on one grayed and tired closing year, come the A friend of mine introduced me the side and little bells suspended on bits thoughts of Chr'stmas bells and the r ein· other day to a dear little shop which ca· of ribbon. deer which are soon to trip lightly over ters in handmade gifts. In this sweet Something new in lingerie! The en­ the roofs, and of Santa, who, with his little home-like place, I was shown gifts hancing charm of rich brocaded satin ap. bag bulging, will slip down the chim· that would cause the heart of any seeker peals to every woman and I for one was neys to leave gifts that will be cherished of Christmas gifts to jump a beat. St. no exception. In this display were arti­ by the little ones until his next coming. Nicholas surely must have been the chief cles of every sort, but dear little confin· If we could all be blessed as Santa is, stockholder and_creator of the ideas ex­ ers made from straight pieces of satin w·ith the ability to know just what would pressed there. I am going to try to take ribbon and a dab of elastic in the back please every person, how glorious and you thru this lovely little place and show were about as sensible and different as joyful the pre-Christmas season would you what I saw. anything I have ever seen. be. The time-aged joke of the bag that Ribbons are always brim full of possi· Where is the woman who will turn traveled the rounds and at last, like a bilities and the little case displayed aside from the appeal of vanity-espe­ boomerang, returned to its starting point, "oodles" of Clever ideas. Sachets were cially when displayed in the very articles would be completely unknown. However, made in square, oblong and tri-cornered of vanity! One corner of this shop grati· that would be perfection, and after all shapes, prettily decorated with flowers, fied that feminine failing in its exhibit of the thought one puts on a Christmas bows and dainty lace. To me the ones powder puffs. I can attempt to describe present is perhaps the factor which gives revealing little tinges of water color on but one type of the many that were there. the most pleasure to the receiver. the delicate backgrounds were most Georgette of delicate shades had been Most people enjoy gifts which have a pleasing. shirred on the back of the puff, leaving a personal touch. A feeling of closer at· When speaking of ribbon, garters al· (Continued on Page 18) TIIE IOWA IIOMEMAJ{ER 5 That Roast Fowl By VIOLA M. BELL Associate Professor of Home Economics

F ALL the delectable odors which as­ O sail the nostrils of man, that of fowl roasting is most tantalizing. It causes such hunger sensations that only parti­ cipation in the great success will satisfy_ The several hours requisite in the se­ lection of the bird from the home yard or the market make it necessary to consider the size and use. Some fat around the digestive organs and under the breast is desirable. A five to seven-pound plump bird will serve the purpose. An eight to sixteen-pound turkey roasts well. Capon, a bird from which the reproductive or­ gans have been removed and is then fat­ tened, makes a delicious, well-flavored, tender roast, weighing from six to ten pounds. An eleven to twelve-pound goose equals an eight-pound turkey. Ducks us­ ually weigh from five to six pounds and like geese, when roasted on a high rack in the roaster, are very enjoyable. It is best to buy fowl dry picked and undrawn, with head and feet on. If well prepared for market the crop is empty. In a freshly killed bird the feet feel moist, soft and limber; the flesh firm, clean, and smooth and the skin moves easily. The turkey, stuffed, trussed and placed in the roaster, is ready for the oven. The proverbial test for age is to note the flexibility of the end of the breast which is put in to replace the crop, may rival the proverbial onion. Thyme, ma­ bone farthest from the head. In a young be folded ovre.r the back.. Thus far, joram, summer savory, dried parsley, bay­ bird it is as easily bent as the cartilege whether for roast, frying or fricassee, the leaf, celery salt, sage, each in small in the human ear; if a bird a year old it fowl is so prepared. measure, may be added to the dressing, will be brittle; and in an old bird tough For using whole, open the fowl by cut­ or they may be purchased already com­ and hard to bend. The feet in a young ting thru the skin and membrane below bined in commercial form as "poultry bird are soft and smooth, becoming hard the breast bone, down to and around the seasoning." Pickles, olives, celery, and rough as the bird grows older. The vent. A short crosswise cut below the fruits, nuts, individualize a particular claws are short and sharp in youth, grow­ breast bone facilitates the next step of roast fowl, remembered for its good ing longer and blunter with age and use. forcing the hand thru the opening made flavor. Turkeys up to a year old usually have into the bird to loosen the internal or­ Bread cut in uniform cubes is the us­ black feet, which grow pink up to three gans. Carefully work them from the ual carrier of flavor, not being as dry as years of age and then gradually turn membranes and grasping the gizzard cracker crumbs. Hominy, rice, oatmeal, gray and dull. In young ducks and bring them out intact. Remove the lungs or potatoes are agreeable and palatable geese many pin feathers and the flexible, in the hollow of the ribs, and the kid­ substitutes. "Force meat"- sausage is a easily moved windpipe are distinguish­ neys from along the back bone. stuffing familiar to the French people. ing characteristics. Later the latter Wash the bird well, inside and out, Often the giblets are run thru the meat grows firm and fixed. chopper, and combined with a bread In a freshly killed bird, if the legs and but do not allow it to stand in water. If you doubt the odor, a teaspoon of soda stuffing. Oysters are popular in stuffing, wings are placed in the position desired but the long cooking requisite for the for cooking they will retain the same dissolved in the water will sweeten the fowl. fowl is detrimental to the flavor and position after cooling. color of oysters. Egg, if added to stuf­ To prepare the fowl for cooking singe Cautiously cut the gizzard to its inner fing, causes it to slice well when cold. lining and discard the sack within. the hairs by slowly turning it over burn­ If one decides not to stuff the bird, ing paper or a gas flame. Remove the Scrape the gizzard well, cutting off the heavy muscle at the opening. after thoro rubbing with salt inside and pin feathers with the point of a knife or out, it is advantageous to put either fat strawberry huller. Next wash the skin Discard the gall bladder, cutting the of the fowl or butter inside the cavity. liver carefully from it. Remove arteries well, using a brush if necessary. Some­ For stuffing, salt the fowl by laying it times mild soap aids in the cleaning. and veins from the heart. The fat from around the gizzard and intestinal organs on its back on the table before you with Cut oil bag from the tail. Next, bend the opening at your right. Pack in the the feet far back at the joint and cut is splendid to use in the basting and cooking of the bird. The egg yolks stuffing lightly until cavity is well filled. crosswise, just thru the skin below the With loose stitches of white twine or joint, exposing the silvery appearing ten­ found season the stuffing well. The "gib­ lets"-gizzard, heart and liver, with neck with toothpicks, gently draw the two dons. These, if left in, become hard and sides of the opening together. Place a bony while cooking. The tendons may and "melts" added, may be simmered un­ til tender to use in the gravy. little stuffing in the skin of neck to fill be removed by forcing a skewer or out the hollow place. Next turn the prongs of a fork beneath each tendon and A kindly butcher will often draw the wings in, so that the joints lay on the pulling hard by bracing the fowl against bird, but if the busy housewife has time, back of the bird as triangles, holding the edge of the table. (The feet, it is more satisfactory to do it at home. down the skin of the neck where it after par-boiling to loosen the scales, may The fowl is now ready for stuffing (sug­ turned back. The drumsticks in an un­ be put in the soup kettle.) gestive recipes listed below) and putting stuffed fowJ may be tied to the tail or Cut off the bony tips at the end of in shape for the oven. Stuffing adds passed thru incisions cut in the body the wings. Split the skin down at the moisture to the fowl, and in return de­ under the bones near the tail. If one back of the neck, working it loose, so as rives enhanced flavor. wishes, a three-fourths-inch circlet of the to easily dislodge the crop and wind­ How satisfying to find on the pantry neck skin may be slipped over the ends pipe. Cut off the neck close to the shelves the many old-fashioned, dry sea­ of the legs. The whole bird is now a body. The skin, after a little stuffing, sonings, which when critically blended, (Continued on page 18) 6 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER Echoes from State Home Economics Convention By KATHERINE GO EPPINGER

WO HUNDRED AND FIFTY of the 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 other health habits her first child took T 9,000 attending the sixty-ninth an­ second prize in the state baby contest, nual Iowa State Teachers' Convention in THE 100% HOME the second one, the first prize, and the Des Moines November 1-3, registered at third one the sweepstakes prize. By Juliet Lita Bane. the Home Economics Association head- · "Yes, verily the race moves forward quarters. Economically sound. on the feet of its children," and these The meetings of the Home Economics Mechanically convenient. feet must be guided by well-trained pa. Association commenced Thursday noon Physically healthful. rents. with the election of the following offi­ Morally wholesome. It is hoped that the home makers section cers: Mentally stimulating. of the association may in the future con· President-Neale S. Knowles, Prof. H. Artistically satisfying. tribute its share toward the training of Ec. Ag. Ext. I. S. C. Socially responsible. women for parenthood. Spiritually inspiring. Vice-President-Lillian G. Orr, Sioux City, Iowa. Founded upon mutual affection and Dominant Objectives in Art Education respect. Today as Related to Home Economics. Secretary-Treasurer-Iva Brandt, Prof. C. Valentine Kirby, State Director of Art H. Ec. I. S. C. Education at Harrisburg, Pa. National Councilor-Florence E. Busse, 11111111111111111111.111111111111111111 11111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Prof. H. Ec. I. S. C. "Art is an ultimate attainment to make 3. Plan balanced and nourishing work complete. From it we have sim· National Councilor (alternate)-Cora menus. plicity, sincerity and satisfaction. Peo· B. Miller, Assoc. Prof. HI. Ec. I. S .C. 4. Have the pupils criticize each pie are both producers and consumers The theme of the convention program others meals. of art and everyone has a desire for art was "The Efficient Home" and its im­ to some degree. · portance was emphasized by all of the 5. Keep an account of meals and see "The aesthetic reaction that we get speakers. that they come up to standard require­ ments. from things which are satisfying is In order to better serve the interests brought about by: of the home makers of the state, plaJJ.s 6. Make activity chart with time to be were made for a "Home Makers Section" devoted to each thing daily. "1. Fitness to the intended purpose. of the association next year. All home 7. Post a h eight and weight chart. "2. Order (secured through unity, bal makers of the state are cordially invited ance and harmony). 8. Work out calorie requirements ac­ "3. Simplicity. and urged to attend this meeting. Per­ cording to activities. haps your enthusiasm to attend next year "4. Good, sincere workmanship. may be aroused by reading a few con­ 9. Write slogans and choose the best. "5. Satisfaction resulting from these densed reports on the interesting talks principles, grown out of work and recrea­ given in Des Moines. Time Schedule for Daily Household tion. Duties "The best color harmonies are those Our Responsibilities in the Development Mrs. Elsie White Douglas, North­ selected from nature. Here we find that of the American Home wood, Iowa. the plainer colors cover the largest areas Anna E. Richardson, Dean of Home Mrs. Elsie White Douglas, an Iowa and bright spots h ere and there consti· Economics at I. S. C. home maker, told of her experience in tute the center of interest. "The future of America is determined doing her work with the aid of a time "Our nation is ignorant of the oppor­ by the American home, which is our schedule. Mrs. Douglas lives on a 40- tunities for American boys and girls in greatest industry. Eighteen million acre farm at Northwood, Iowa, with her art. Why cannot they. instead of for­ homemakers, who work unassisted, con­ husband and six-year-old son Robert. eigners, become the designers for Ameri­ stitute the largest group of employed They do all of their own work, which in­ can-made goods? We are interested more people in our nation. A good home man­ cludes the usual manifold duties that go than we can realize in salesmanship, as ager is able to visualize the right sort along with farm Hfe. well as all phases of art manufacture. of home, her responsibilities and how to By the use of a time schedule Mrs. Especially are we interested in the qual­ fit them to the home. Essential spokes in Douglas has been able to disprove that ity of manufacture. A handful of worth­ the wheel of homemaking are adequate disheartening old saying, "A man works less clay may become a flower pot that feeding, adequate clothing, social life, from sun to sun, but a woman's work is is sold for five or ten cents; yet in the family morale, health, shelter and edu­ never done." Besides the necessary hands of a skilled workman or artist, cation. daily housework, she is able to keep her it. may become a priceless object in a "In order to become efficient homemak­ mending basket empty, her garden inno­ museum." ers, we must develop a professional spirit, cent of weeds, and better still, to have The Value of the Home Economics Asso­ organize for instruction, exchange ideas time to read and play. ciation and require no standard of entrance or But Mrs. Douglas keeps a firm hand on Lita Bane, Secretary American Home · participation in the profession. In or­ her schedule, and does not let it man­ ganization for training there are three Economics Association, Washing- age her instead. For example, if she ton, D. C. abilities which are necessary, namely: wants to forget all about it for a day and manipulative skill, managerial ability and go to town with her husband, she does "The value of the state association lies social insight." so. in general gain thru exchange of helpful ideas; it gives an opportunity for ex­ Teaching Correct Food Habits to Boys "Without vision we perish," said Miss Knowles in comment, and what is a pression of opinions; gives the public a Marguerite Gauger, Des Moines time schedule but foresight?" better understanding of home economics University. and educates the public. This edu ation The following points were suggested Nutrition Course As Related to Home should improve our skill, add to our by Miss Gauger (who had done some Making knowledge, enlarge our appreciations, work of this type in a boys' school), as a Mrs. Casper Schenck, Des Moines, Iowa. give training in power to think and judge in theoretical fields of knowledge, successful method of teaching schoolboys Mrs. Schenck's talk was based on her correct food habits: bring about social contacts and ideas to own personal experience and showed fit us to live with our fellow men and 1. Discuss with them the meals that how a knowledge of nutrition can be furnish a stimulus for creative work." that they have had-whether good or made to function in the rearing of chil­ bad. dren. She had been a teacher of dietetics 2. Explain what each foodstuff con­ in a college before her marriage and Miss Florence Busse's address on the tains and what it does for the body. This naturally was interested to try out her subject, "Specific Helps on Every Day can be impressed by showing pictures of "theories" on her own children. As a re­ Teaching Problems," ·will be printed in animals fed right and wrong diets. sult of correct feeding and observance of full in the January numlJer.-Editor, TliE IOWA liOMEMIKER 7 Toys That Interest What a Mother May Learn From the Montesorri System By BERTHA MANN

She believed that since we get most of our impressions thru our senses, these senses should be better trained, and on this belief she worked out her set of apparatus which she herself declares is far from complete and to which any I clever mother can add. #...... The central idea of the Montesorri sys­ tem is that no human being can be edu­ I'.:. - cated by anyone else. Hie must do it himself or it is never done. Consequent­ ly, every piece of the apparatus is sim­ ple enough for the child to understand without long detailed explanations and 7.p. ~ r::-:-:':"·._.... _, -:-:-::; ,-:-:- :~ .•... "· :i.~ii ,. demonstrations, yet complex enough to .v~"'""...... ·· . •,il --~::· -~·:~\ keep him interested for some time. The ;j~ EJ: :..;.t: -Y.::' pieces are graduated from the very sim­ rl ·-4·'\ ·:.,;::.· .... , ~· ... A :-~ . :~'.·.:. :;~.~· .. m ple button frames to the letters and r;-:·: 1'1'· .. ·~·, \ ~~ numbers· for learning to read and write. ~f· ;_~;~; .....··:·'"; ,._ N ~~t •. Everything is self-corrective. The child ;,t',., ::;{:' -~~~~: G'EOMfT~ IC INSETS ~:-:; ...~:-- ·. finds and corrects his mistaKes himself. ~tc.. .. :.. , ....;~;; ~~; .-:;:.: Nothing is done for him that he can do ··~ ·...::.. '"-'- INTER is coming, the Nme when himself. 'V mothers of small folks from three to In the schools where this method is EXE~C ISf IN SMOOTH ~NP ~OUGH six are almost reduced to nervous wrecks practiced the child finds himself in a ver­ trying to keep them amuseu and out of itable childrens' world. Every bit of fur­ with hooks and eyes, one with lacings, mischief. In the summer months the niture, furnishings, equipment, and ap­ one with ribbon ends to tie, and another problem is not so great, for the children paratus is built for him. I wonder if we with shoe buttons. The purpose of this can be out of doors from sun up to sun realize how important this is in the train­ lesson is to help the child learn to han­ down with the whole storehouse of na­ ing of children? In the average home dle more rapidly than he otherwise ture to explore and learn from. Then the child eats from a table that is higher would, the various devices by which his they are happy the whole day. But on than his head, he climbs into chairs as clothes and shoes are held together on cold, blustery, long winter days what to we would climb into a tree, he climbs his body. The child does not realize the do to rid them of their excess energy steps which are as high as his legs are purpose or valuable training he is get­ without wrecking the home is a real long. Is it any . wonder he becomes be­ ting. These frames are most fascinating problem. wildered at the complexity of the world? games to him. It certainly was not built fol' him. Not only is this close confinemen~ hard Then he is given the exercise in rough on mothers, but it is equally hard on the Perhaps we cannot build our house to and smooth. This piece of apparatus children and it is for the benefit of both suit the children, but we can make one consists of a piece of rough sandpaper that·I wish to tell something of the Mon· room over for them in which the hooks on one side of a smooth piece of board. tesorri method of training small children in the closet are within their reach, and He is told briefly the names of these two from three to six. This has been very everything, in so far as it is possible, is abstract qualities and proceeds to brush successful where tried and can be car­ built for their convenience and not ours. lightly over the two surfaces with his ried over into the home by any intelli­ In such a room we would begin our train­ finger tips until he has learned to dis­ gent mother who has the best interests ing processes. tinguish them. Then he is given exer­ of her children at heart. While this meth­ Button frames are the first apparatus cises in different gradations of rough od is essentially educational, it amuses given to a tiny three-year-old. These are and smooth, which consists of strips of and allows free exercise during the edu­ frames about a foot square, covered with sand paper of varying roughness to be cational process. heavy khaki cloth, which open down the placed in order from fine to rough. In The method was devised by Dr. Maria center with different kinds of openings. order to concentrate better the child is Montesorri of Italy, a child specialist. One with buttons and button holes, one blindfolded so that he must depend upon his sense of touch alone. Then he is given the geometric insets which train both sight and touch. These consist of thin pieces of wood about eight inches square from which have been cut insets of various shapes, clover, triangle, circular, oval, and others. These insets have little handles on them and the problem is to fit the insets into the prop­ .:Jr holes. Anyone who has watched a child try to fit things together will immediate­ ly realize the strong appeal of this game. The children are encouraged to feel around the edge of the inset and the hole and try to fit them together thru the sense of touch. Practice in judging weights of woods is supplied by having small pieces of wood of the same size, but varying weights. Then small but heavy objects .ue compared with large but light ones: The difference between large and small is taught by means of blocks of varying sizes, with which the child builds a pyramid. When he has mastered this 8 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER he is encouraged to build his pyramid youngsters would be to buy a complete tion is novel. across the room from his blocks and thus set of Montessori apparatus. This is ex­ If you do not have the button frames, must remember and image the size. This pensive, costing about fifty dollars com­ use a rag doll that fits some of child's makes splendid training for comparing plete, altho not so expensive when we own clothes and watch him dress and and estimating sizes with the eye. consider the superior results obtained. undress and learn to manipulate any kind Long and short and thick and thin are Fifty dollars worth of groceries and of a fastening you give him. Geometric taught by the long stairway and the broad clothes to care for the physical needs of insets can be cut by any father from stairway. The long stairway is made up our child is a small sum, but people are pieces of thin boards. Handles can be of sticks of wood about an inch and a prone to neglect the intellectual needs of made from empty spools. The rough and half in thickness and varying in length ·children. Who can say which is the smooth apparatus is very simple to make. from six inches to three feet. The child more important? The color spools can be made from any builds the stairway with these. The big No mother need despair even tho she sewing box by wrapping cardboard stairs are built with blocks about ten cannot afford a complete set of Monte­ spools with different colored threads. The inches long, varying in thickness from sorri apparatus. If she catches the true games that can be played with these five-tenths square inches to five square spirit of the training she will find enough spools are innumerable. The different inches. of the apparatus in her own home to keep kinds of textiles can be collected from Color perception is trained by means her child busily amused during the long the scrap bag. of spools of different colored yarns and winter months and give him some val­ Ideas galore for enlarging upon this various gradations of each color. Many uable training besides. There is abso­ apparatus and supplying it in the home fascinating games can be played with lutely nothing new in this method-just will present themselves to the clever these color spools. To be able to judge the collection of apparatus and applica- mother who cares and t':links. various textiles by the sense of touch alone is a valuable asset to any one, but how many can do it? The child trained in the Montesorri way is given pieces of .::;:;• different types of materials, wool, cotton, linen, and grades of these. He is told briefly their names and learns to distin­ guish them when he is blindfolded. This can be made into another m teresting game and calls forth the keenest compe­ :-e ·• tition from the children. \ I could go on and on describing the whole set of apparatus, but I only wish ;-e to give an idea of the simplicity of the various articles which any clever parent can make for herself. The idea is the ·b big thing. u u Of course the ideal way of training our Tie and button frames are instructive as well as amusing.

Christmas Festivities 1n Foreign Lands . By BARBARA DEWELL

HILE you are busy stringing pop­ "Our religious festivities come about the lion to make it move. The dragon W corn for your Christmas tree, or the time of your New Year and last for curls into a circle with the lion in the making your Christmas plum pudding, fifteen days. The first thing we try to center, and they play back and forth, try­ have you ever wondered what people in do, on the first day, is to clear every debt. ing to see which one will conquer. Every foreign lands are doing? If we can do that, then we have the priv­ person carries a lighted lantern and Mrs. Daniel Retief, a student at Iowa ilege ( ?) of spending a whole night with­ watches the game they play. State College, from South Africa, told out sleep. Firecrackers and fireworks, "On the last day of the r eligious festiv­ me of their Christmas holidays. and Chinese music fill the night. Old and ities the farmers put lighted lanterns in "Our Christmas," she said, "is not so young are arrayed in gala dress. The all their fields. These lanterns have a different from yours, because we are prac­ children generally have new suits. sacred charm on the land and destroy all tically Christianized. Instead of snow "These fifteen days," he continued, "are insects that might come to devour a crop." and ice, as you have, our gardens of blue spent chiefly in visiting and playing The Armenian Christmas is different salvia, red and yellow cactus and roses; games. We can play any game we wish from either the South African or Chin­ our orange and apple and apricot or­ just so we do not harm the public. ese. Their Christmas comes at a different chards are all in full bloom. "Every day of the celebration two dra­ time from ours for they use the G-reek "The Christmas program is held out of gon plays are given, a day play and a calender and are therefore fourteen years doors and of course the Christmas tree night play. later in date than we are. is the center of attraction. "In the day play a huge dragon is made Mr. Sarkisan, an Iowa State College "On Christmas morning the children of bamboo and covered with a coarse cloth. student from Armenia told of their Christ­ arise to see what 'Father Christmas'­ This cloth has many Chinese characters mas holidays. the name we give your 'Santa Claus'-has on it that might say in your language "For a week before Christmas," he put in their stockings. 'Merry Christmas' or 'Happy New Year', said, "we fast. We do not eat meat or ani­ "The servants, native blacks, come or 'Best Wishes'. This dragon is from mal oils, but we eat fresh and dried fruits to their masters and mistresses and smil­ fifteen to thirty feet long, and is carried and candies. The fast is broken ·at the ing broadly say, 'Good morning, Christ­ from house to house, followed by large end of a week, when a large festival and mas box?' groups of people. When the dragon banquet are held. Groups of boys, car­ "These may be the only four English comes to any house the people living rying lighted lanterns, go from house to words they !mow, but they eagerly look there have food r eady to serve to the house to tell the good news of the birth forward to the presents in the box." group following it, and give money to of Jesus Christ. They chant and sing Mr. Hsiu, a student at Iowa State Coll­ help carry on the fun. and shout hallelujas. As they leave, the ege from the south central part of China, "The play during the day lasts from family. in that house gives them some kind had an altogether different story to tell. morning until sundown. Then the night of a gift. "You see," he said, "the largest part play begins. "The regular Christmas celebration of my country is not Christianized. We do "This is a dragon and lion play. . The last three days. Most of this time is spent not celebrate Christmas as you do, except dragon is lighted on the inside with many at home, enjoying oneself. Very few gifts in the mission schools. lanterns, and several people crawl into (Continued on page 19) TilE IOWA HOMEMAKER 9 Christmas Dinner for Two By LOUISE DOOLE

N great grand­ done, place the apples around it and let Re-heated rolls or thinly sliced bread mother's day, the them roast while the pork browns. The and the relishes complete the main part Christmas dinner host serves an apple to each person with of the dinner. The hostess removes the took days and days the slice of. meat. plates, salad plates, vegetables, bread, of work, but little To make the croquettes, boil the sweet meat and relishes, and serves the des­ planning. T h e r e potatoes (about 2% lbs. should be sert. was, perhaps, a enough) until tender. Put thru a ricer, Dessert gives another occasion for va­ family of fourteen, then season with salt, pepper, and a riety and wide choice. A fruit and nut and twice as many large piece of butter. Beat well and add gelatin dessert is an enjoyable finish to guests. The f o o d sufficient hot milk to make the mixture the dinner if fruit cocktail was not problem was solved by cooking every easily handled. Form in balls or cones. served for the first course. Mince pie is available vegetable, cake, pie, pudding and These may be prepared the day before somewhat heavy for a meal of this type, fowl. Quantity was the chief goal. But and kept in a cool place until· just before but if you feel that Christmas is not when families decreased from fourteen to time to serve. Then dip the croquettes Christmas without pie, apple pie a la four, there came new difficulties. Now we into an egg beaten with a tablespoon of mode will be a delightful substitute. Of must plan well-balanced meals. We no milk, roll in fine dry bread crumbs, and course you will not serve apple pie if you longer have five kinds of cake and four fry at 390° F. until brown. have had apples in any other form. kinds of pie for one meal. For that r ea­ son our pie or cake must be more care­ If fowl is served, prepare as directed 'l'he tendency now-a-days is to end a fully planned, so as to fit in with the rest in "Trussing the Christmas Fowl," in this heavy meal with a light dessert, and of the menu. issue. Mashed potatoes will accompany nothing could be better than some kind the fowl. Two medium-sized potatoes for of ice or sherbert. Serve apricot or To no one else, however, does the each person . will be sufficient. They pineapple ice, and see how its cool deli­ Christmas dinner prospect loom so large should be peeled the day before and kept ciousness will be appreciated. as to the young bride. She has only in cold water until time to cook. two for which to prepare, with perhaps Fruit Sherbet (1 qt.) a guest or so. The number is too small For the green vegetable there is a wide variety of choice. Creamed peas or Water (boiling) 1,4 c. to warrant an immense turkey, regular Sugar, 1;2 c. Christmas plum pudding, or many other green beans are always good. Onions au gratin are delicious and easily prepared. Water (cold), %, c. delicacies dear to the holiday. But, of Salt, f. g. course, she wants to prepare her first To make this, stew the onions in boiling salted water until tender, drain, and ar­ Gelatin, 1;2 T. Christmas dinner in her very own home, Fruit juice or grated pineapple, 1h pt. with her new linen and silver and pretty range_in a baking dish a layer of onions, china. bread crumbs, salt, pepper, and butter; Soften gelatin in 1,4 c. cold water for then another layer of the onions, finish­ 5 minutes; add boiling water; stir until Fortunately four-and even two-can ing with butter ed crumbs. Bake until the dissolved, then stir in the sugar. Add have a truly Christmas-ey dinner. The crumbs are brown. remaining 1h c. cold water, lemon, and following menu, for example, is only a fruit juice. basic one, and may have infinite varia­ Harvard beets are also good. Mix 1,4 c. tion. sugar, 1/ 3 t. salt, and 2/3 T. cornstarch, The gelatin may be omitted and stiffly add 1/ 3 c. mild vinegar, and boil five min­ beaten egg white stirred in when the Fruit Cocktail utes. Pour over 11/ 3 c. beets, cooked the mixture is half frozen. or day before and cut in small balls or one­ But do not think that you cannot have Tomato Boullion half-inch cubes; cover and set over low a Christmas pudding because your family with Croutons fire for one-half hour. Add 1 1/3 T. but­ is small. The suet pudding is an easily ter just before serving. Roast Goose or Chicken Cranberry Sauce made substitute for real plum pudding, Mashed Potatoes Green Vegetables The vegetable salad may be of raw and economy fruit cake is not only a cake Vegetable Salad with Cheese Straws chopped cabbage and carrots, or any which keeps for weeks, but when other combination of raw or cooked vege­ steamed and served with hard sauce or tables. Asparagus makes a nice salad makes as good a pudding as you could Paprika Crackers when decorated with strips of red pimen­ wish. Bread Butter to, or cauliflower, peas, green beans, to­ Olives Pickles Celery matoes, green peppers, or any other Suet Pudding (2 loaves) Dessert vegetable not otherwise used in the menu Suet (chopped fine), 1h c. Bonbons Nuts Raisins may serve. The salad dressing, cheese Sour milk, 1h c. Coffee straws or paprika crackers are made the Egg, 1h If a fruit cocktail is chosen for the first preceding day so that on Christmas noth­ Bread crumbs (stale), 1;2 c. course, any combination of cubed fruit, ing need be done except combine the sal­ Raisins (chopped), 1;2 c. either fresh or canned, may be used. The ad ingredients. Paprika crackers are Cinnamon, 1h t. fruit should be served very cold in a cock­ made by spreading small crackers with a Figs (chopped), 1;2 c. tail glass. The first course may be omit­ little butter and a dash of paprika and Sorghum, 1h c. ted entirely, and the dinner begun with crisping in the oven. Flour, 1 c. the piece de resistance and accompani­ Soda, %, t. ments. Then if there is no maid, every­ Salt, %, t. thing except the dessert is placed on the Cloves, Mace, Allspice, each, 1,4 t. table at once, and the host serves. Walnut meats, 1,4 c. For the small dinner, roast chicken or Scald spices with 1 T. boiling water, goose, rather than turkey, will most like­ and add to sorghum, which has been ly be chosen, and even roast pork is de­ combined with egg, sour milk and suet. licious, as well as suited to pocketbooks Dredge chopped fruits and nuts with '78 c. inclined to become flat about Christmas of the 1h c. flour. Mix and sift ingre­ time. If a pork roast is served, sweet dients, then add bread crumbs. Com­ potato croquettes may take the place of bine wet· and dry ingredients, stir in mashed white potatoes, and in place of dredged fruit and nuts. Fill well­ cranberries, apples baked in the pan. For greased molds, two-thirds full. Steam the latter choose firm red apples, wash, 3 hours. Serve hot with 'hard sauce or core, and fill the hollows with sugar or lemon sauce. This pudding remains raisins. The addition of a few cinnamon fresh a month, and may be re-heated by drops will give a rosy color and delicious steaming. flavor. Half an hour before the meat is (Continued on page 19) 10 THE 10 WA HOME1~1Ali.ER Italian Hemstitching By LORA ANN STANKE

was fascinating to do, and at the same the right, make a horizontal stitch, bring time could be done quite rapidly. The needle back to where it started from, as following are my directions for making in Fig. 2. Now make a stitch from first Italian hemstitching. to second row, Fig. 3. Finally insert the If the genuine creamy Italian linen needle in first row and pick up four cannot be obtained, substitute a medium­ thre;,ds as in Fig. 4; repeat. weight round thread, half-bleached linen. To pull the threads for the second Linen thread about number 60 should be stitch, make a small dot on the cornc used. one and one-eighth inches from each There are really two kinds of Italian edge; then count over twenty threads and hemstitching. bring needle up at this point and satin Measure the collar carefully, pulling stitch over three threads back to the dot threads and allowing one and one-eighth and turn at right angles and satin stitch inches for the hem. To prepare for the for twenty more threads and fasten. (Fig. first stitch make a small dot on a cor­ 5.) At the dot insert the embroidery scis­ ner one and one-eighth inches from each sors and cut three threads; then allow edge, then count over eleven threads and three threads to remain, cut six threads, bring the needle up at this point and and allow three threads to remain, and satin stitch over three threads back to cut three more threads. Pull the cut the dot and turn at right angles and threads. Then begin at the dot and cut the threads in the same way in the other HRISTMAS presents were my goal! satin stitch for eleven more threads and C fasten. This is to prevent the linen from direction. Prepare the other corner ID I spent hours wandering up and the same fashion, being exceedingly care­ down Chicago's beautiful Michigan ave­ raveling when the threads are cut. Then insert small embroidery scissors at the ful that the same threads are cut. nue, gazing enviously at the beautiful To make the second stitch work across linens in the linen shops. And then more dot and cut three threads, leave three threads, and cut three more threads. the botton row exactly the same as in hours visiting those dear little shops the first stitch. For the second row, tucked away in the skyscrapers and Then begin at the dot and cut the threads the same way in the other direc­ work one stitch the same as far as Fig. walking thru great spreading depart­ 2, for the second. Then go back, pick ment stores. But of all the things I saw tion. Italian linens interested me most. Now begin at the outside row, make a up the two groups as in Fig. 6, and pull backward stitch over four threads and together firmly. Next insert the needle "Why not make a collar and cuff set between the two groups as in Fig. 7, and of creamy Italian linen trimmed with bring needle diagonally to second row as Italian hemstitching and fancy corners?" in Fig. 1. Carry needle four threads to continue. The idea knocked incessantly at my brain, but where could I learn to make the stitch? I looked in two of the largest libraries and spent long afternoons pouring over numerous books. My only reward was to find beautiful illustrations of Italian needlework, but, alas, no instructions as to how to make the hemstitching. Finally, after much inquiry, a friend 2. was discovered who had been a teacher in one of Chicago's settlement houses, and had learned the stitch from an old Italian woman. But, sad to say, this friend had since forgotten. Fortunately, however, she had a piece of unfinished work in the bottom of her trunk, and when I asked to ravel a bit to discover the way of its making, she graciously granted permission. Accordingly, I set to work to analyze the steps involved, and found that it

Eda Lord Murphy Writes from Constantinople

Galata Post Office, Box 39, in my hat box! Now we have nearly joying all the new flavors very much. Constantinople, Turkey, enough for nine and I shan't have more I thought it would be a good idea to offer October 16, 1923. than that number in one class. a course to the late freshmen that are in My Dear Homemaker Staff: I must tell you about the classes. Mrs. the preparatory school. To my utter sur­ y CORONA is positively illiterate and Norton established a survey course open prise fifteen of them came, s :; I have to M so I'm going to write this letter by to sophomores, juniors and seniors. In have two sections! This is an elemen­ hand if you'll forgive me. I am sending that I have nine, now. There are two tary course in cooking. Their having it this little article which is the true story more advanced juniors, one of whom has made the freshmen want it, so six of of my trip to the city the other day to "Feeding the Family" for a text. We them came and I'm planning a course in buy a few things for the department. succeeded in inveigling another girl to Home Economics and Health for them. You see, the numbers in the classes take the laboratory, so they are going You can imagine how happy I am to have have suddenly increased and I positively to have a real course in Oriental Cook­ them respond like this. Volunteers come had to have a few more things. I had ery. Our chef is Russian, but he does Friday and Saturday to cook for the Y. brought Dover egg beaters from America make some Turkish dishes, and I'm en- (Continued on page 20) THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 11 Who 1s Responsible for the Child? By MINNE ELISABETH ALLEN

HAD been sitting at my desk for some 111111111 1111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111 garden, nursery and study. Latent qual­ I time, reading the previous articles on ities have thus been set free in our young the responsibility for the child and writ­ Our horizon is widening. Mrs. Allen men, who have revealed astonishing tal­ ing down some ideas that occurred to me, ents as homemakers, baby-specialists when my seven-year-old boy came into tells us that everyone is responsible for and kindergarteners. the child. the room. A course on the main problems and the He glanced at my desk and said: "Are This series will be concluded next general principles of homemaking and you writing a letter, mother?" I told month with an article written by a teach­ child rearing should be no less a require­ him that I had been asked to express my er who has taught in the primary grades ment for each college graduate than a thoughts about a very important ques­ of Ames for eleven years. course in civics and government. Inci­ tion and I gave him the magazine, telling dentally, dear bachelor, the Iowa Home­ him to read the title, "Who is Responsi­ The series will be followed by an arti­ maker would then no longer be a "jour­ ble for the Child?" He read it aloud cle telling how to be a good parent, by nal devoted primarily to the ladies." It twice. Then he looked up at me with Dr. Vance of the Psychology department. might become a quite common campus his loving smile and said with firm con­ experience to find the boys discussing fidence: "You!" Dr. Vance has studied and taught child the latest issue of the Iowa Homemaker The child's verdict; and yet, when I phychology for many years. with the same enthusiasm that the girls was asked to give a mother's point of view display about the New Republic's latest

on the question in connection with the 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 political prophecies. above mentioned articles, my thoughts turned back to my first day as a settle· The knowledge of the main factors that ment worker, years before I held my own wise introductory article, that holds out contribute to the life and influence of thfl first child in my arms. to both the old maid aunt and the bache­ home, the community and the nation lor the duty and the privilege of being re­ would do much to create a new interest I had attended a hearing in the juve­ sponsible for the child. in and desire for better and happier nile court and had made several investi· homes. More efficient planning and man­ gations of some incidents which had Because "only in some sort of parent­ hood, natural or spiritual, one does attain aging would result .from the common ef­ happened within a few blocks of the set­ forts of both husband and wife who have tlement. Utterly sad conditions in the his highest social and spiritual expe­ riences," parenthood entails the high­ learned to master the fundamental prin­ everyday life of the unfortunate child ciples of homemaking. The recognition held me in deep depression at first. Later est degree and the greatest amount of responsibility for the child. For me it is of the educational value of home activi­ it gave way to the question: "Why does ties would unite father, mother and chil­ society tolerate such conditions?" not a crushing responsibility, as Pro­ fessor Betts expresses it, but a wonder­ dren in common work, in that "loving as­ With this question on my lips I stood fully inspiring, stimulating one. It means sociation and companionship" so well em­ before our leader, the president of the constant self-education, mental and mor­ phasized by Dr. Cessna. settlement. He pointed to a board above al growth, untiring devotion to the im­ "Creative activity thru work with ma­ his desk. It showed a motto, written on provement of everything, so as "to make terial things," as Marietta Johnson ex­ dark wood. Glowing like fire, it burned the world a better place for our children presses it, would promote the children's itself deeply into my soul. "Mea culpa" to live in." Father and mother alike all around development in the best possi­ -my fault. share in this responsibility, which is con­ ble way. Cooperation would shorten the Yes, it was my fault that this child, cerned with the welfare of all children, time spent on everyday household duties whom I had never seen before, had gone not merely with that of their own off-. and would enable both father and mother wrong. For I was one of those who made spring. to participate in the improvement of the up society that had tolerated such mis­ Co-education, woman suffrage, equal community life. Home and school are ery and unwholesome atmosphere, in opportunities and equal rights for men the two main lines upon which the life which no being could grow into a life of and women have tended to develop the of the child moves forward, furnishing strength, righteousness and happiness. spirit of comradeship and cooperation his education and instruction. I had not thought of this experience between the sexes to a degree heretofore It is quite obvious that father and for many months. That it was recalled unknown. Comradeship has become the mother determine the character of the on this particular occasion indicates that characteristic feature of the youth home life. It ought to be just as obvious -first of ali-I hold everyone responsibie movements everywhere. It has remod­ that fathers and mothers are responsible. for the child, regardless whether he or eled the home life of those who have ex­ for the type of education which they she is a parent, an old maid aunt or a perienced its rare possibilities. Men and want the schools to impart to their chil­ bachelor. To the same degree that our women endeavor jointly to fulfill all the dren thru wisely chosen and well-organ­ physical, mental and moral development duties that are called for by house and ized instruction. Simplified and efficient has been promoted by that immeasurable household management, based on family sum of factors which contribute to the cooperation, will make it possible for making and shaping of our own small or each father and mother to become suf­ big ego, to the same degree this ego is ficiently informed about all those matters responsible for the physical, mental and of the community life which are closely moral development of other individuals. related to the well being of their children, The old maid aunt, who found "the such as schools, libraries, parks, whole­ good fortune of any child" in a "wide, some means for recreation, sanitation, clean orchard and polly wog ponds and good roads. plenty of wholesome letting alone" will There is nothing in our life that might have to provide such occasions for any not be turned into a source of happiness child that she thinks to be lacking in the qualities derived from such surroundings, or harm for our children. Thus everyone even if she should have to lay aside should feel responsible for the child in books and pencils to take up a rake and his sphere of influence. Everyone should clean the orchard or to feed the polly actively support such measures as will wogs herself! insure to each child its right to educa­ The bachelor will have to furnish the tion, to play and healthful living condi­ soil, in which his "so-called homely vir­ tues" can grow, whenever he sees a child tions. Everyone should exercise spiritual "fall off the rail." parenthood and obey the call of that emi­ It is this "spiritual parenthood" to nent pedagogue, Friedrich Froebel: which Dr. Cessna refers in his kind and "Come, let us live for our children!" 12 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER Holiday Sweets By ALMA RIEMENSCHNEIDER, Assistant Professor of Home Economics

0 GIFT is more ap­ ly dissolved. Remove the cover and and when the centers have been kept preciated on boil without stirring until the syrup very cold. Drop the cold center into Christmas than a forms a soft ball in cold water or reaches the chocolate, which will set up imme­ box of attractive 113° c. diately when dropped on a cold pan. If home-made c-an­ Remove from the flame and cool to there is some difficulty in keeping the dies. Its crisp rib­ luke warm or 40°C. Use a clean spoon. room cool have pan placed on ice, to bon bow and gay Beat until the fondant crystalizes, then which a small amount of salt has been sprig of holly fair­ knead until soft and creamy. Put away added. The melted chocolate may be ly shout out the in covered dish for at least twenty-four poured on a shallow pan and the dipping glad holiday tid- hours, when it will be ready to be shaped done with the hands. It is easier to keep ings and bring good cheer and good will into centers or made into mints. the temperature more constant in this to all. Christmas without its sweets A richer fondant may be made by sub­ way and the cream centers are very eas­ would hardly be Christmas to most of stituting milk for the water in the fon­ ily covered. If the chocolate does not us, for have they not played the most dant recipe, or a caramel fondant is made harden at once the coating will be thin. important part in our Christmas joys by adding two tablespoons of caramelized It is always better to be sure the choco­ since the first time we hung up our sugar syrup to the recipe. late is the right temperature before at­ stockings for Santa Claus and waited fu:· When the fondant has been allowed to tempting to dip. fear he might pass us by? stand for the proper length of time, Mints are made by melting fondant As a rule, Christmas candies are left knead and shape r eady for dipping. Plain over hot water, adding flavor and tint­ to the professional candy maker. Too fondant may be colored, flavored as de­ ing the desired shades. Drop from the often the idea has been had that elabor­ sired, nuts ·and candied fruits or cocoa­ tip of a spoon. Pink color and winter­ ate equipment is necessary for making nut added. Often a small amount of but­ green flavor, and green color and mint the more difficult candies. Nearly all ter is added to make the butter cream flavor are good combinations. Often a candies may be made with the most sim· centers. Maple flavoring and nuts added small amount of hot water added to fon­ ple utensile in the home. It is not neces­ to the caramel fondant makes the maple dant will give a more desirable candy. centers relished by many people. Milk sary to use a thermometer. In most Peanut Brittle cases good results may be had without fondant to which butter has been added its use. gives the rich centers found in the best 1 cup of sugar chocolate creams. 1 cup of roasted peanuts Fondant is used more than any other Heat sugar in frying pan until a light candy, since it lends itself so readily to "Dot" or Baker's unsweetened choco­ such a variety of uses and it is as easily brown syrup is formed. Pour over heat­ late, or a combination, may be used for ed peanuts. Cool and break into pieces. made as any. dipping. This is perhaps the most diffi­ Fondant cult part in the making of chocolate Peanut Brittle II 2 cups sugar creams, but with care good r esults may 1 cup of sugar 1 cup hot water be had. Melt chocolate in the upper part 71! cup of Karo syrup 14 tsp. of cream of tartar of the double boiler. When only half 71! cup of water Dissolve sugar in water, add cream of melted remove from the flame and allow %, cup of raw peanuts tartar, place cover on kettle and boil un­ the heat retained in the water to con­ 71! tsp. butter til all sugar crystals which may have col­ tinue the melting. Pinch of salt lected on the sides of the pan are thoro- Dipping is best done in a cool room (Continued on page 21)

The Perfect Guest By LUCILE BARTA

"I'LL NEVER invite Inez again. She's arriving per schedule, enthusiastic to see so bridge it was. One surmised that selfish and inconsiderate. If it hadn't "the gang" and accompanied by the three whatever "they" did must be quite proper. been for Betty and some of the others, other guests. Inez had been indefinite Later that evening cards were abandoned I'd call my house party a failure," com­ as to the time of her arrival, causing for candy making, much to Dad's relief. plained Mary who had just returned from Mary to meet three trains instead of one, He, "Sonny" and Betty adjourned to the bidding her house guests goodbye. thus offending the god of Consideration. kitchen to crack the nuts. They were "Yes, Betty was charming company and Dinner that night was quite a success, soon joined by the r est who helped in I hope she comes again," agreed her despite the fact that Inez narrated a concocting fudge and caramels and who mother. long story concerning the poor rail con­ 1.1ade the room gay with laughter and song. Mary, resting wearily in the depths of nections to "Main Street," the impossible an overstuffed sofa, reviewed the past baby on the train, and her "ducky" new The plans for the next day included few days and tried to analyze the cause dresses. Betty and Mary rescued the con· an early morning breakfast in the woods. for her present feeling of resentment. versation from being a monologue of in­ All joined in heartily except Inez who "There's volumes and more volumes sufferable length by turning attention to disliked arising so early. The brisk au­ written to advise hostesses in entertain· current events, the radio and racing cars, tumn air made delightful hiking and on so that the other members of the family a dare they walked much farther than ing, but I'd suggest a page or two for anticipated consequently arriving home prospective guests. Some of them need might be included. Later Mary's younger brother very dis­ late for lunch. Mary's mother confided it," she concluded emphatically.· to Mary that Inez had been up since the The occasion for Mary's irritability to­ gustedly told his mother, "Inez thinks she's a three ring circus, but she's not. mail came at ten o'clock and restless for ward Inez could not be traced to any something to do, as she was dependent one act, but to a series of offenses to t1le Why, she didn't even know how to 'listen in'." upon herself for amusement. Mary r e­ gods of Tact, Consideration and Amiabil­ plied, "It serves her right for not coming ity. Betty made a favorable impression on along, but I'm sorry she bothered you, IIIlez, Betty and three other classmates younger brother because she offered to mother. She has to be entertained all had come to visit Mary in her "Main play "pit" with the younger children the time." while tbe older members played bridge. Street town" as she called it. Betty had "I don't mind that, but she is hard to written that she would come Wednesday Dad disliked bridge cordially, but accord­ morning, and gladdened Mary's heart by ing to Inez, "bridge is all they ever play," (Continued on page 21) . THE I OWA HOMEMA][ER 13 The Evolution of Home Economics at Iowa State IV. Activities: Social and Otherwise By RUTH ELAINE WILSON

MIGHT write Now for the I volumes on Trot. The young the social life of people start out the home econom­ in mass, couple ics students in the by couple, a n d p a s t, indeed I the Junior Trot probably shall, so wends its way to let us not tarry the Kappa Sigma on the outskirts of this deligb tful house. Who said territory. Let us "What for?" Why, start our explora­ that was the home tion immediately of President and unearth the Chamberlain in startling and the 1888. He meets the interesting, f o r merry mob, gives there are both. an appropriate lit­ I mean to begin tle speech a n d w i t h that well then invites them known social in to refr es h­ function, the Ju­ m en t s. S om e­ n i o r Trot. We times it is cider have, all of us, and doughnuts, s p e c u 1 ate d at sometimes it is • mo r e or less pop corn and ap­ length on the ap­ View of the campus in 1888, taken from Old Main, showing the famous "board walk" ples, but whatever propriateness, the t h e refreshments where and t h e to Chemistry Hall on which· boys and girls were allowed to walk together on Sunday mornings only. are, the trot does w h y f o r o f the n o t leave until trot. Perhaps you they are entirely have concluded as I did, that its suc­ walked to Ontario one Junior Trot day, exhausted-true sons of Iowa State! cess as an actual trot rests wholly on the which was then but a country store and Then a "right about face," the trot is type of dancing at the time and that al­ a house or two, purchased a bag of cook~. off again to another home and so they tho some years it might more descriptive­ ies and returned home in thrills over continue until every entertaining faculty ly be styled the "Junior Waddle" or "Jun­ their unaccustomed freedom. member has been visited. ior Slide" the word trot is retained to Now it is evening, we shall say about 'You see at last the why and wherefor pnserve consistency. Alas for our ignor­ 7: 30 o'clock. Those who explored the ance:! of the trot. Except for this exercise in woods have returned, likewise those who between, not even a home economics stud­ The name Junior Trot is a college tradi­ went to Ontario, all the girls having al­ ent could have survived the many feasts. tion and the function originally, if you lowed enough margin of time to put on will believe me, bad nothing whatever to a fresh "neck ribbon" or the new challis Another interesting evolution in the do with dancing. Indeed the trot of 1888 dress. The boys began to come at Old ,::ocial liff\ of home economics students is was held on Baccalaureate Sunday as one Main for their-tut! tut! Who said that of the "Prep-Soph" which, like the of the special functions of that year's "dates"?-engagements if you please. Junior Trot, haq evolved. or devolved as you will, into a dancing party. You would ~raduation. Oh, I see, you are puzzling over that It might not come amiss to mention in 1->~ sn.rprisf\d coulil you have witnessed "boys arrived at Old Main." I told you the fir«t "Preo-Sonh." indeetl you might this connection that the school year up once that the boys and girls all lived at until 1900 began in February and gradua­ have been dismayed unless you were Irish. Old Main? Well. so they did, but when For you see the Preo-Soph was in the be­ tion exercises occurred in November at n. rrentleman called for a lady in those the close of the year's work. The reason ning a fight, a real fight with a bona fide days be came out the back door of Old rrl~.re and A. hig-h temperature. To be ior this was two-fold. First, the agricul­ Main and went around to the front steps, tural students had no laboratories excep­ sure thev called it the "Prep-Soph Scrap," where the lady in particular. on the look but. well, draw you own conclusions. ting the open fields and it was necessary out, went to meet him. The boys at this 1r:J work when these laboratories were well t'me were not allowed to go in the front You see it was this way. Every year stocked with mater ial in the shape of entrance. On returning from the "en­ the sophomores picked on the freshmen growing crops. Also most of the students g-a<"ement." they parted. as reluctantly as 11.nrl the freshmen did not like it. They were self-supporting and since the winter now, we suppose, at the front steps and he -were as peculiar then as now. you see. months offered the highest salaries to went calmly around to the rear door and During the course of the first few weeks those who wished to teach, these three up stairs to his room. the freshmen had ample time to bring months were reserved for vacation in or­ themselves into the lime-light thru lack of der that the students might take advan­ Well, the engagements are arriving and fight, thru excess of it or thru other dis­ tage of the higher salaries and the many walking boldly in at the front door. and tinguishing and individual characteristics. demands for teacher s. more than likely whistling up the girls It was not long until the freshmen were stairway even as now. The rules really known for what they were, or were not. And now to r eturn to the Junior Trot, were upset you see. When the proper as was. It was a day of celebration and challis dress appears, as punctually as Then the sophomores, the miserable ras­ of general upheaval where rules were con­ they usually do, the Junior Trot had real­ cals, ·got together with cunning, skill and cerned. For instance, ordinarily, students ly begun. deviltry and those most artistically in­ did not go off the campus without special Perhaps I should have told you that clined produced a cartoon, a slanderous rermission. This ban was lifted for the the affair was given by the Juniors to the insulting instrument in which every Junior Trot and in the words of the first seniors. Junior girls asked senior men, freshman was depicted with all his glar­ country-town editor, "A good time was junior men asked senior girls, and all ing defects, physical, mental and spiritual had by all." Couples jointly or independ­ junior men not fortunate enough to go hopelessly exposed and intentionally exag­ ently jaunted off, some to Ames, some to early and avoid the rush fell back, then gerated! the woods, some--well, the author was so as now, on freshmen and sophomores for This was not all. The sophomores fortunate as to discover one who admit­ even then the supply of girls did not be­ framed the scurrilous document and hung ted that "they," (oh saving word) gin to meet the demand. (Continued on Page 22) 14 THE IOlVA. 1-IOMEMAil.ER

These baskets were made by home economic students at Iowa State. Baskets Which Will Lead Long Useful Lives By VIOLA JAMMER

NDER and over, under and over the longer spokes. These spokes are divided When the basket is the desired height, U weavers go until soon there is a into four, six, or more, even groups and the spokes are used to finish the edge. basket. You may make baskets that will each group placed on top of the last. At The spokes are commonly braided and the• lead long, useful lives if only handled this point, one must be careful that the cut ends are inserted inconspicuously in­ rightly from the start. Perhaps you can division between the cross of the ·spokes to the basket. The finished edge may be interest your little sister or daughter in is the same distance. woven into a lacy design. Playing around making reed baskets, lamps, or any of the A long piece of soaked reed is taken with the spokes you may discover a very number of reed or raffia articles, for ono original edge which is neat, attractive and for the weaver. Hooked over one group usable. is surprised at the satisfactory results of of spokes in such a way that it is not this handicraft. divided equally in the center (both end­ If our design Clj,!led for a handle, we Reed may be purchased at shops by ing at once would make a weak place of might twist several lengths of reed, or pounds or bales. It comes in various siz­ union) the weaving begins. The weavers braid or wind them. In any case the es depending on the diameter of the reed. are double now, that is, are woven as one handle is fastened securely to the basket The purpose for which the article is in­ and may be thruout the entire basket, but by taking the longest spokes, which were tended determines the weight of the reed many times they are double only for the not used in the finishing edge and work­ necessary. Usually a slightly heavier reed first two or three rounds, in order that ing these into the handle for strengthen­ is used for the spokes than for the weav­ the spokes may be secured firmly and ing. er s. The more delicate and slightly used tightly. The weavers are then singled, The natural reed, shellaced, is very at­ articles require the finer or smaller reeds so that while one goes over the other goes tractive. Often times a color or a touch while the large substantial reed is used under. To start a new weaver, drop the of color would make your basket more for corresponding articles. end used up, insert the new one along interesting and perhaps give life or re­ It would fill many pages to describe all side of a spoke and proceed as before. late it to other objects in a room. Any enamels will do satisfactorily for this the details of all the articles that can be At this time it is important that the produced from reed. The principles for when applied sparingly, allowing each base remain very flat. It must not be coat to dry before applying the next. making a reed lamp and shade are the moistened, altho the weavers are continu­ same as those applied to a much simpler ally dampened. If the work which is the Very similar to the reed baskets are the article, such as a flower basket. There­ base of the basket, becomes rounded or Rewed baskets which are growing in popu­ fore let the details of one basket suffice warped, the basket cannot be expected to larity because of this ver y interesting pro­ for many. stand straight. Give it a chance. The cedure of closely sewing raffia over reed. What makes for the best results is a bottle is set on the base. It is left in­ The number of articles that can be clear idea of what you want your basket side for a vase, or may be removed if made from this are just as varied as from to look like when it is finished. Draw not desired. At some period of the mak­ reed. Altho the plans be alike, for close your plans in shape. size and color on a ing of the vase, sub-divide the groups of sewed baskets and r eed baskets the fin­ chart and follow this. We must decide spokes. This is necessary where the ar­ ished articles will present no similarity now in order that we may proceed. ticle becomes larger and may be done as because of the difference in texture and The first basket, to be rather simple, often as desirable. handicraft. substantial and of use on the porch, will To turn the spokes from the base to Here, as with the reed problem, the ar­ ticle to be made is given a definite plan consequently be of medium sized reed. It make the sides r equires careful manipu­ The size of r eed to be used as the founda­ is constructed over an old milk bottle lation, for r eed is easily broken if not tion, and the colors of raffia are chosen. to keep the form true. This is not neces­ sufficiently soft. Each spoke must be Raffia is a grass and comes in its natur­ sary in later works when one has become bent the same amount, (right angles are accustomed to shaping vases and basket s. the most convenient) without curving the al color unless dyed. It is very necessary that one draw a Soak the reed until it is saturated. base. Weaving then follows the line of the bottle. chart of the object to be composed, pre­ When it may be easily bent without break­ senting all the details of size, shape, col­ ing or cracking, it is ready for use. The It is to be remembered that this is the or and design. The best assur ance one spokes may have been cut from the dry simplest shape, for the base could have c~n have of success is that this plan be reed of a heavier size. Sixteen is a been extended beyond that of the bottle followed to the last stitch. good number , since it can be conveniently and brought back to the sides of the bot­ quartered, coupled and singled when de­ tle by weaving along the curve made by A little design or motif worked out by sired. The spokes are twice the height the spokes. At any time, when the de­ a change in color of raffia adds interest plus the diameter of the bottom and eight sign indicates, the article could be made and personality to the article. Conven­ more inches allowed for curves, depend­ larger by inserting a larger form and re­ tional designs and motifs are used ex· ing upon the plan. More curves mean moving it again, or vice versa. (Continued on page 22) Tlf.E IOWA If.OMEMAil.ER. 15 Who's There and Where By HELEN I. PUTNAM

BAILEY-MACLEAN STORM-FERGUSON HOLDS UNIQUE POSITION The readers of the Iowa Homemaker On Nov. 10, Miss Elizabeth Storm and Miss Sarah Barrows, '91, wbo is in the will be interested to know of the mar­ Mr. Fred E. Ferguson were united in Speech Department in the State Univer­ riage of Miss N. Beth Bailey, associate marriage at the home of the bride's sity of Iowa, was the guest of Miss Maria professor of Home Economics at Iowa mother in Adel, Ia. The officiating min­ Roberts and Miss Aida Wilson, Nov. 11th State College, to John Alexander Mac­ ister was Dr. 0. H. Cessna, chaplain of and 12th. Lean, on Oct. 27, 1923, at Menomonie, Iowa State College. Miss Barrows holds a unique position. Wisconsin. The bride, who was the first editor of specializing in speech correction. The Miss Bailey had been identified with the Iowa Homemaker, since her gradua­ bulk of her work is with freshmen, cor­ the Home Economics Division at Iowa tion from Iowa State in 1921, has been in recting wrong speech habits with private State College for four years, and had home demonstration work in Iowa. Mr. help. She also gives lectures on pho­ gained from her courses in meal planning Ferguson, who graduated from Ames netics, both German and French. and advanced cookery much interest and with the class of '22, is with the Iowa enthusiasm. It was her aim in the meal State Dairy association as field secretary, RECEIVES MASTER'S DEGREE planning courses to make a practical ap­ They will be at home after Dec. 1 in plication of the principles of nutrition Waterloo. · Marie Young, '16, has changed her ad­ and of art learned in fundamental work. dress from 106 Morningside Drive, New York City, to Newman Grove, Nebraska. To the everyday meal is brought the dig­ APPLIES H. EC. TO BUSINESS nity of scientific fact and simple, but at­ She received her Master of Arts degree tractive service. Harriet Tilden, '23, is interested in the in June from Columbia University. application of Home Economics to busi­ Miss Bailey completed her book on meal planning, which will soon come from ness. She is gaining first-hand informa­ Edna (Garvin) Brewer, '14, accompan­ the press. Her students learned the tion at Marshall Fields. Helen Paschal, ing Mr. C. L. Brewer, now director of comfort and order which careful plan­ '22, is also working at Fields'. The two athletics at the University of Missouri, ning could bring to a meal. girls, together with Harriet Schleiter, has left Long Beach, Cal., and moved to Mrs. MacLean is making her home at who is studying English and philosophy Columbia, Mo. Mr. and Mrs. Brewer the Duvie Apartments in Minot, North at the University of Chicago, are living have been planning to visit Ames this Dakota. in an apartment. fall.

SERVED IN THE ARMY AND NAVY TO TEACH IN CHINA RETURN FRO~ TRAVELS CORPS Letty Thornburg, '17, and Martha Koll­ Virginia H. Corbett, '93, has an exten­ Vera M. Phelps, Ex. '03, who suffered sion of a year's leave of absence to al­ mansperger, '17, of Iowa Falls, recently disability while serving in the army and returned from an extended trip thru Alas­ low her to teach English for that time navy corps at the Great Lakes Training in Guiling College, Nanking, China. This ka and Canada. In Alaska they stopped is one of the Union Christian colleges of School during the war, is now a training in Ketchekan, Juneau and Skagway, the Orient which is supported by five de­ officer of the United States Veteran Bu­ Lake Louise and Vancouver, B. C. nominations and the gifts of Smith Col­ reau. Her offices are in Chicago. lege, where it is regarded as a sister col­ EUNICE LONGWORl'H AND RUTH lege. CAMPUS CHAT MEGEHELSEN. DIETITIANS IN Miss Corbett sailed from San FranCisco Clavilux is coming to our campus. CALIFORNIA in the S. S. President Lincoln, making Clavilux is an instrument that uses white The old idea that girls who took Home brief stops at Honolulu and Japan before light and produces lovely color combi­ landing at Shanghai. Economics could do nothing but cook and nations as an organ produces beautiful sew has been banished. Girls are not combinations of sound. The Home Eco­ only fitted for teaching, but there are also LIBRARIAN IN DES MOINES nomics department is paying a large sum many other fields of work open to them. of money to have this instrument Dietetics seems to be a favorite with 'Vera Dickson, '08, who has charge of brought here. Libraries of Public Schools in Des many Iowa State "grads." Moines, spent the summer as instructor Eunice Longworth and Ruth Megehel­ in the Library School at Oklahoma Uni­ Miss Hansen has been g1vmg a num­ sen, who were graduated last year, are versity. This year she is spending her ber of talks for the Iowa F ederation of now dietitians at the Potter Metabolic time building up the libraries for the Woman's Clubs at different places. She Clinic at Santa Barbara, Cal. Ruth be­ Roosevelt and Lincoln high schools in is scheduled to give a talk in Des Moines gan her work in July, and Eunice in Oc­ Des Moines. Dec. 10. Her subjects have been, "In­ tober. terior House Design," "Period Furniture The following are excerpts from a let­ as Adapted to Modern Homes," "The Cos­ ter from Eunice to Miss Busse: SPEAK AT CONFERENCE tume Suited to Your Type of Personal­ "Three weeks have passed quickly Miss Josephine Arnquist, extension ity." here. Everything is so lovely and every­ worker, left recently with Miss Frederica one does try to make the latest arrival Shattuck, head of the public speaking The House Design classes are being feel at home. department, to attend the sixth annual limited to $5,000 for the home which "I enjoy the work in the special diet conference of the American Country Life they are planning. This is to cover the kitchen in Potter Wing very much. W e association. cost of the house, lot and furnishings. have about 30 patients now-all diabetics, Miss Shattuck spoke on "Influence and This problem is not considered so much five of thPm with tuberculosis also. They Institutions that Affect Home Life on the from the architectural standpoint as from come in, in coma sometimes. * * * One Farm," and Miss Arnquist, who is the the standpoint of. designing a home for little girl 12 years old came in coma, and Iowa State club leader for girls, spoke on the Iowa girl in which she can carry out now seems to be getting along very nice­ "What Demonstration Work Has Done her knowledge of foods, clothing and art ly. A young woman weighed 70 pounds from the Boy's and Girl's Viewpoint." to the greatest extent possible. (Continued on page 23) 16 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER

worthy use of leisure time. It is that extra interest in THE lOWA HOMEMAKER life which refreshens while it relaxes. A hobby devotee "A Magazine For Homemakers From a Homemakers' School" substitutes for idle thumb-twiddling, dullness and bore­ dom,-absorbing satisfaction, happiness and growth. VOL. III DECEMBER, 1923 No.9 What hobby one may ride depends upon personal likes and longings. It may be music, literature, athletics, Published by the Home Economics Students of Iowa State Col­ gardening, radio, anything of a re-creational nature, and lege, Ames, Iowa. Price, $1.50 per year. Ad­ vertising rates on application of sufficient fascination to the rider. Entered as second-class matter at the post office, Ames, Iowa I know a homemaker with two small children who keeps up her music and has become one of the best PUBLICATION BOARD-Dean Anne E . Richardson; Prof. F. pianists in the cQuntry. Another mother has made a W. Beckman, Miss Florence Busse, Mrs. Frank Kerekes, specialty of gardens, and spends her spare moments in Jeanette Beyer, Agnes Noble, Laura Bublitz. good weather in a rock garden which she has developed EDITORIAL STAFF-Jeanette Beyer, editor; Katherine Goep­ from her backyard. pinger, associate editor; Lora A. Stanke, art editor; Ruth Wil­ son, Lucile Barta, Opal Wind, Grata Thorne, Viola Jammer, A young wife with a two-year-old daughter is teach­ Grace Heidbreder, Helen Putnam, Mary Simons, Dorothy Ken­ ing . herself French. Another wife studies Greek for worthy, Barbara Dewell, Louise Doole, Gertrude Murray, one hour every day. And a grandmother reads history Helen Brennan. r egularly. A teacher has developed herself into a crack BUSINESS STAFF-Agnes Noble, manager; Gertrude MacAr­ tennis player. thur, Beulah Swihart, Lucille Brickner , Alice Bowie, Kath­ arine McCarney, Dorothy Olsen, Reve Pierce, Pauline P ea­ It is especially fine if all members of a family can ride cock. the same hobby. The family of an Iowa State alumnus CIRCULATION STAFF-Laura E . Bublitz, manager; Marie does this. For several years father, mother, and chil­ P lath, Lucile Barta, Mildred Krebs, Marian Wilson, Ona An­ dren studied drama. They r ead plays together, dis­ gell, Frances Schuster, Annette Adams, Georgia Rae Easter, cussed actors and actresses, and attended the theater. Emma Fife, Ruth Grimes, Marian Miller, Alma Kalsem, H elen This year they are studying astr onomy. They've gath­ Beymer, Lura Faber, Juliette Wylie, Thelma P earson, Myrne Hendry, Ethel Butcher, Esther Clark, Mary Hammarstrom, ered together books, charts and maps and have ev!'n Viola Reynolds, Genevieve Widner, Gladys Zismer. rigged up a telescope in the side yard. It is the plus which is the hobbiest's aim. To be an en­ ''The Holy Supper is kept, indeed, gineer plus, a chemist plus, a teacher plus, a home­ In whatso we share with another's need; maker plus, a mother plus, fulfills the ideal. ''All work Not what we give, but what we share,­ and no play makes Jill a dull girl." _ An avocation pre­ For the gift without the giver is bare; vents a woman from being a machine which is of no m;e Who gives himself with his alms feeds three,­ outside the shop; it humanizes and individualizes her, Himself, his hungering neighbor, and me.'' giving an interesting quirk that is not called for in the - Lowell, from the Vision of Sir Launfal. specifications, and adds to her makeup a ·little of that elusive "culture."

VIVE FATHER CHRISTMAS! A CHRISTMAS SERMON Santa dead? By Robert Louis Stevenson. Who are you, Mr. Hard-Hearted Realist, that you To be honest, to be kind-to earn a little and to spend would take from us our Christmas myths and stories? a little less, to make upon the whole a family happier for What right have you to demand that we banish stock­ his presence, to renounce when that shall be necessary ings and trees-even Santa Claus himself !-and start and not be embittered to keep a few friends, but those telling the children the truth? And you say that gifts without capitulation- above all, on the same grim con­ are foolish, bah- who would want the silly things any­ dition, to keep friends with himself- here is a task for way? Would you even deprive us of the Christ child? all that a man has of fortitude and delicacy. He has an Oh, no, you're not quite that bad? ambitious soul who would ask more; he has a hopeful But yes you are! You are unfair and unjust. Santa spirit who should look on such an enterprise to be suc­ Claus is alive just as much as you or I. He is the spirit cessful. of Christmas and dwells in the hearts and minds of all There is, indeed, one element in human destiny that children and mothers and fathers. He is the spirit of not blindness itself can controvert: whatever else we are peace, of happiness, of goodwill among men. He is the intended to do, we are not intended to succeed; failure spirit of altruism and brotherly love; of righteousness, is the fate allotted. It is so in every art and study; it faith, hope. Santa Claus is the essence of Christmas. is so above all in the continent art of living well. Here is You say he does not exist? You would call him dead? a pleasant thought for the year's end or for the end of Never! He lives- stockings, trees, gifts, stories, Santa life: Only self-deception will be satisfied, and there need Claus,- forever! be no despair for the despairer.

A CONDIMENT TO EXISTENCE WINTER'S MADNESS Would you be filled with zest and youth; would you Lazy, floating, drifting snow; gemlike expanses of love life, ride a hobby. For it is a hobby which colors blue-green ice; myriad sparkles of iridescent frost; air dull monotonous days, which acts as a balm to jangling that makes the warm blood race-aud winter is here. nerves, and supplies expression for suppressed desires The rush of wind as the speeding bob races down the and muffled ambitions. It is a hobby which will fan up long hill, then the laughing pull back up again; easy and keep glowing one's tiny spark of genius. A hobby glides over mirror ice; wandering tramps over conntry is flavor and garnish to everyday mediocre existence. snow under icy trees; and finally the dreamy talk in Now the polite name for hobby is avocation. And an front of a lazy fire. avocation is a diversion from daily routine. It is a Yes, there is madness in the white and bite of winter! THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 17

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jl LILBl1t\L I QU~~IION

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CLOTHES HANGERS ~IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIOIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII~ TO BLANCH ALMONDS Can you suggest a way to keep large-necked Homemakers: This is your Would you please tell me how to blanche al­ dresses on clothes hangers? monds? To prevent clothes from slipping off chance to receive expert advice and Cover the nuts with boiling water and the wooden hangers purchase large-sized, suggestions on the home problems allow to stand for two minutes and then rubber-tipped tacks, and push one of that .Perplex you. This page is plunge them in cold water. Rub off the these tacks in at each end of the hanger. yours. Will you let us help you? skins and place between towels to dry. This prevents the slipping. Questions for a given month must be submitted before the twen­ tieth of the month preceding. SOUTHERN SWEET POTATOES LEMON RIND FOR SINKS Please print a recipe for sweet potatoes, south­ f,,,,,,, , ,,,,llllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll~ ern style. How can I whiten the drain board of my sink? Mash candied sweet potatoes and bake Use the rinds of lemons that have been them in the shells of tart apples. used. Rub the inside of the rind over HEIGHT FOR PICTURES the board, then sprinkle with soap clean­ At what height should pictures be hung? er. Let stand a few minutes, scrub with Most pictures are hung too high. The USE OF PHONOGRAPH NEEDLES a brush, and wash clean. center of interest should be hung at eye Is there any possibility of using old phono­ level. Usually all tops of pictures in the graph needles? same room are hung at the same height, There is when renewing a window HANDKERCHIEFS IN LAUNDRY depending somewhat on the type of room. glass. They make good glazing points. Can you suggest a way to prevent loss of Pictures should never be hung in step­ When using al picture frame for the sec­ handkerchiefs in the laundry? ladder fashion. ond time they make excellent sprigs for To avoid the loss of handkerchiefs in the hard wood that is used in the frame. the laundry, baste them on a long tape, TRIMMING WHITE BLOUSE usually two together. This also prevents CHRISTMAS DECORATIVE REFRESH­ What would be an appropriate way of trim­ much tearing of handkerchiefs. ming an over-blouse of white batiste? MENTS Use narrow bands of black batiste to Please suggest some decorative inexpensive KEEPING VEGETABLES FRESH dishes suitable for refreshments at a small en­ edge collar, cuffs and jabot. tertainment. Could you please tell me how to keep green vegetables fresh and crisp for several days? Santa Claus apples are effective. Put Put aside in tightly closed pail, glass DRESS MATERIAL FOR LARGE crushed bananas in centers of small tart jar or paper bag placed in a cool, dry PERSONS apples that have been pared and cored place. The exclusion of air keeps them What kind of material should a large person and cook them in a red syrup. Then fresh several days. Shortly before serv­ choose for a dress? cover them with marshmallows while ing, place in ice cold water to which a A large person ai)pears better in ma­ they are still hot. slice or two of lemon has been added. terials of dull finish and clinging charac­ An attractive Christmas sandwich can teristics. The darker colors make the be made in the following manner: mash more becoming costume. can of red salmon to a paste, add minced SATIN PUMPS sour pickles and a little mayannaise Should I wear satin pumps with my wool dressing. Spread on a slice of bread and dress? TRIMMING A CHRISTMAS TREE cover with a slice from which the center Leather shoes are more· advisable. Could you give me some suggestions on new Suede may be worn if the garment is has beeri removed. Fill the center with and original ways of trimming a Christmas tree? pimento ·cheese. less tailored and more dressy. The type of trimming for a tree often depends on the appearance of the tree IF YOUR NOSE IS POINTED and the room in which it is placed. A FLAKEY PASTRY How may I make pastry flaky? What type of hat should a person with a stately tree in a formal room produces a pointed nose wear? pleasing effect if trimmed just with can­ Plain pastry may be converted into a Avoid hats turning directly away from dles. A few brightly wrapped gifts may delicate flakey variety by rolling it out, the face, such as turbans and toques. be hung among the branches. Pine cones dotting it over with cold and crumbly Hats with soft brims are much better. colored with metallic paint, hard candy butter, then folding it over and over and This might also apply to persons wearing wrapped with brightly colored paper, and rolling lightly until the butter is in­ heavy-rimmed glasses. paper chains are all very effective for corporated into the dough in layers. less formal trees_ TO WASH A SILK TIE 4_SE OF STRONG COLORS How should strong colors be worn? Could you suggest a way of washing a silk tie? TO CLARIFY SOUP STOCK In the use of strong colors, it is ad­ Wash the silk tie in lukewarm water Please tell me how to clarify soup stock. visable and very safe to follow the rule with a mild white or castile soap. Rinse Strain the stock and leave uncovered of nature-the larger the area the grayer in cold water to which has been added a until the fat hardens, then remove the the color. Brilliant colors should be used little vinegar, but do not iron it. After fat. Measure the stock and to each quart in small quantities. washing, a tie may be found to be "fuzzy" allow one egg white and one crushed or hairy, and if it should appear so it egg shell. Beat the egg whites slightly LUBRICANT FOR EGG BEATER will not gloss as it should. All this "fuzz" and add to the stock. Allow the liquid to What can I use as a lubricant for my egg can be singed off by drawing the tie very boil for twenty minutes. Then strain beater that will not taste if it gets into the quickly over gas or candle flame, and thru a cheese cloth placed over a wire food? thus improve the appearance. strainer_ Glycerine is very satisfactory for this. 18 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER

buy. Beware of book agents! They of­ FOR CHILDREN FROM 6 OR 7 TO 12 Books-Why Not? fer oftentimes books which prove worse AND OLDER: (Continued from page 3) than useless. The best books for your Alcott-Little Women. Illustrated by children, or for yourself, for that matter, Stephens. Little Brown Company. $2.50. and the elephant child pulled, but the cannot be obtained thru traveling book crocodile was stronger. Then came a Defoe-Robinson Crusoe. Houghton agents. Mifflin. $2.75, or Harper $1.75. great Bi-Coloured-Python-Rocked-S n a k e I would suggest that first you go to and hung onto the tree with his tail and Twain-Adventures of Tom Sawyer. your public library-everyone in Iowa Houghton Mifflin. $2.75, or Harper $1.75. hung onto the elephant child's legs with has some public library near by-and ask the other part of his body and together Stevenson-Treasure Island. Scrib- the librarian to let you look over some ners. $3.50. they pulled and pulled and pulled until of the children's books. Ask her for the crocodile let go, but with a flop that Merry Adventures of Rohin Hood. Frances Olcott's "The Children's Read­ Scribners. $3.50. could be heard all up and down the Lim­ ing," published by Houghton Mifflin, popo. Ever afterwards all elephants have Arabian Nights Entertainment. Illus­ from which I have quoted some of these trated by Maxfield Parrish. Scribners. a long trunk instead of a blackish-bulgy illustrations. You will find lists of all nose.· $3.50. sorts of books for children of all ages. Dodge, Mrs. Mary M.- Hans Brinker. Get Kipling's "Just So Stories" from Then inquire for the graded list of books your public library and read this to the Scribners. $1.50. for children published by the American Seton-Wild Animals I Have K:10wn. children tonight. Then on other evenings Library Association and prepared by the read how the leopard got his spots, how Grosset. $1.00. Elementary School Library Committee of Spyri-Heidi. Ginn. 68c. the rhinoceros got his skin, and the the National Educational Association. camel got his hump. These stories will Cooper-The Last of the Mohicans. You will find books arranged in various Scribners. $3.50. do immensely much more good than ser­ sections for the first three grades, grades mons or scoldings, or whippings, insofar Tarkington, Booth-Penrod. Grosset. four to six, and grades seven to nine. $1.00. as the future life of your boys and girls Ask your librarian the best place in is concerned. Get from your public your section to buy books. The book library Clara W. Hunt's "What Shall We dealer in your town may not have many Read to the Children," or better, buy a of the better class of books, but he can Glimpses in a Christmas copy for yourself. (Published by Hough­ obtain them for you. Shop ton Mifflin at $1.00.) It will give you I am listing just a few titles of books plenty of good advice and lists of many which I have bought for my boys. These (Continued from page 4) other good stories to tell or read during few titles may give you a list which will the long winter evenings. dainty ruffle at the outer edge and in th~ make a beginning. The first four titles center was a little ring of ivory, practl­ Probably some of you are wondering will show you what to read and what to by this time what to do after the story cal as well as decorative. Sprinkled on buy. Stop in at your public library and the georgette were little rose-buds in telling age is past. In reality, it never look over these books. Ask your librar­ does pass. All of us like to be told sto­ pastel shades. ian also to give you or loan you a sixteen­ There were also some of Prang's nested ries, if we are human. The stories page leaflet published by the American you tell to your children in their boxes which had been dressed up. Some Library Association and entitled, "Gifts of them had been enameled while others younger years will prepare them ~or for Children's Bookshelves." a wide range of reading by their had simply been oiled or waxed, allow­ My best wish for you is that you will ing the grain of the woo.d to show. Bands seventh or eighth year and will give them take as much pleasure out of your chil­ something which they·will have for life­ of bright-colored sealing wax circled dren's enjoyment of these stories and of some of the boxes; others smiled fo:th pleasant thoughts, high ideals of men their books as I have. and women, of courage, of beauty, of with Peruvian or Egyptian designs wh1ch character, of all the things worth while FOR YOU TO READ: had stepped from out the pages of some in life. Who would want his children, as Hunt- What Shall We Read to the authentic book to do Yuletide duty. Flow­ Channing Pollock said, to form their Children. Houghton Mifflin Company. ers were used discreetly on some of the ideal of womanhood from Gloria Swan­ $1.00. boxes. son? Why not give them an ideal of Olcott-The Children's Reading. Hough­ courage from Sydney Carton, who, in the ton Mifflin Company. $1.50. Tale of Two Cities, gave up his life for American Library Association-Grad­ The Roast Fowl the happiness of others? Why not let ed List of Books for Children. Published (·Continued from page 5) them form their ideal of womanhood from by the A. L. A., Chicago, Illinois. $1.25. Florence Nightingale, from Clara Bar­ American Library Association- Gifts pocket which will hold in the heat and ton, or from the mother of Goethe. Just for Children's Bookshelves. moisture. read how she brought up h er boy: FOR MY BOYS UP TO SIX: A general way of trussing is to draw "Air, fire, earth, and water I presented the thighs up close to the body, thrust­ under the forms of princesses; and to all Brooks-The Golden Goose Book. ing a steel skewer thru the muscle into natural phenomena I gave a meaning, in Warne. $3.00. (Contains stories of The the body and out thru the muscle on the which I almost believed more fervently Three Bears, Three Little Pigs, and Tom opposite side. White twine, wrapped than my little hearers. As we thought Thumb.) about the thighs, held thus, wm serve of paths which led from star to star, and Brooke-Johnny Crow's Garden. Warne. the same purpose. If the wings are de' that we should one day inhabit the stars, $1.75. sired at the sides, rather than under the and thought of the great spirits we Brooke- Johnny Crow's Party. Warne. back a skewer placed, in similar fashion should meet there, I was as eager for the $1. 75. will 'hold them. Some wish the drum­ hours of story-telling as the children Lang- Little Red Riding Hood. Long­ sticks held down close to the body. If themselves· I was quite curious about mans. 68c. so twine wound around them and fas­ the future 'course of my own improviza­ Lang-Cinderella. Longman's. 68c. te~ed to the tail holds them in place. tion, and any invitation which interrupt­ Perkins-Dutch Twins. Houghton Mif­ ed these evenings was disagreeable. flin. $1. 75. School edition. 88c The lack of fat in the flesh under the There I sat and there Wolfgang held me Potter-Tailor of Gloucester. Benja­ skin may be overcome by laying strips with his large black eyes; ana when the min Bunn. Peter Rabbit. Squirrel Nut­ of bacon or salt pork across the breast fate of one of his favorites was not ac­ tin. Warne. 75c each. and legs. Tying them on facilitates in cording to his fancy, I saw tl!e angry Kipling- Just So Stories. Doubleday browning the fowl. Next place the car­ veins swell on his temples; I saw him re­ Page. $1.90. cass on its back on the rack of the drip­ press his tears. He often burst in with, Carroll- Alice's Adventures in Wonder­ ping pan with a close-fittin~ cover, 'But, mother, the princess won't marry land and Through the Looking-Glass. which has only a small openmg as a the nasty tailor, even if he does kill the Macmillan. $1. 75. vent to allow the escape of steam and giant!' And when I made a pause for Poems of Childhood, by Eugene Field gas. This will. retai!l! most of the mois­ the night, promising to continue it on the and illustrated by Maxfield Parrish. ture and flavor of the juices. morrow, I was certain that he would in Scribner's. $3.50. The temperature of the oven should the meanwhile think it out for himself, Child's Garden of Verses, by Stevenson be hot until the bird begins to brown, and so he often stimulated my imagina­ and illustrated by Jessie Wilcox Smith. one-half to three-fourths of an hour; then tion." Scribner's. $3.50. reduce to a moderate temperature. Baste It is sometimes difficult to know where I read aloud selections from these two the fowl every half hour by pouring fat, to buy good books and what books to books and am still reading them. which has tried out in the lower part of THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 19 the pan, over the bird. If a thick crust +I-II-111-I-II-II-II-II-II-•I - III-IIII- II- 11-II-II-II-11-III-II-II-II-11-II-II- 11-II-II-IT is desired a paste of four tablespoons of butter and four tablespoons of flour may l be rubbed over the bird before placing it i in the oven. Basting with fat on the i plain surface, however, makes a caramel­ Boone's Exclusive ·Garment Shop ized thin brown crust. The fowl is sufficiently roasted when the joints separate easily and when the I juice flows readily when the skin is I pierced. Distinctive Gar.. i Time Table i Chicken-25 to 30 minutes per lb. I Goose (9-lb.)-Total, 2% hours. i ments at i Duck (domestic)-Total, 1 to 214, hours. i Duck (wild)-Total, 1h to %, hours. I Turkey (9 to 10 lbs.)-Three hours. 1 REDUCED The skewers and string removed from ! i the fowl, it is ready for tne hot serving 1 platter. f • Recipes for Stuffing PRICES i Pou I try Stuffing 2 cups bread crumbs or soft cubes f % cup butter or melted poultry fat f 1h tsp. salt I 14, tsp. pepper i 1h tsp. poultry seasoning i Water to moisten Hosiery of Silk or Wool ~ tsp. majoram i Onion to flavor i For Dress or Sport Wear Mix ingredients well and season to taste. Egg yolks often found in fowl i improve flavor of the stuffing. Add water 1 until just consistency to pack well. Will stuff one fowl, duck or goose. Variations of Poultry Stuffing LADIES APPAREL SHOP A. Fruit Stuffings. Suitable for duck or BOONE 805 Story Street IOWA goose. i 1. Prunes, % cup; soak, pit, add to stuffing. i +I -I I -II -II-II-II-II-111-II -III-MI-II -II-II-II-11-II-II-II-II-II-II -II-II-11-tl-ll-ll-l+ 2. Raisins, % cup; wash, add to stuffing. 3. Apple (raw), % cup; cut in small pieces, add to stuffing. he said, "for it is a religious holiday. We B. Meat Stuffing. Christmas Festivities in go to services all day long, high mass, be­ 1. Giblets- from turkey or fowl. Foreign Lands ginning as early as four o'clock in the Grind giblets fine; add to stuf­ morning. The women always attend the fing and season well. (Continued from page 8) services dressed in black, with large 2. Sausage. Suitable for roast goose. shawls thrown over their head and shoul­ Links (small, 3. are exchanged-these only between the ders. Apples (chopped), 1/ 3 cup. Chop, closest of relatives, as a mother to her "The churches are beautifully decorated blend with stuffing. child. and there is much singing. Nearly half C. Nut Stuffings. Suitable for turkeys. "After the Saturday night festivities, of every church is devoted to a raised 1. Chestnut about one o'clock in the morning, every­ monument to represent the birth of Jesus Chestnuts, % cup. one goes to church. The church is gor­ Christ. This monument shows the Virgin Shell, blanch and cook until ten­ geously decorated, and there is much and Christ, and is made as nearly as pos­ der in boiling salted water. Drain beautiful singing. Holy oil made by the sible like the stable in which Christ was mash and add to stuffing. Pope and Monks at "Etchmiatzin," the born. The three wise men, who came 2. Peanut. Suitable for goose. Pope's home, is in large golden bird with gifts for the new born Christ are Peanuts · (hulled), % cup. shaped vessels. The holy oil drops from also shown. After the services are over Chop, add to stuffing and season the beaks of the birds and as the people at one church, the congregation goes to well. pass, they moisten their hands and touch all the other churches to see their monu­ 3. Walnut. Suitable for turkey. their faces with it. This holy oil is ments and decorations. English walnut meats, % cup. made from the blossoms of thousands of Chop, add to stuffing and sea­ beautiful flowers, by pouring olive oil son well. over them. This is let stand for many D. Oyster Stuffing. Suitable for turkeys days in golden jars while the Pope and Christmas Dinner for Two or chicken. Monks pray over it. Oysters, 1 cup. (Continued from page 9) Wash oysters, blend with sea­ "The priest blesses and gives bread to sonings in stuffing. each house he visits. Then he receives Economy Fruit Cake (2 loaves) E. Vegetable Stuffing a gift in return. As he leaves, everyone Boil together for 5 minutes: Chopped celery, % cup kisses the Bible and the priest blesses 2 c. sugar Parsley. each one individually. 2 c. water Chop and add to stuffing. "Food and good red wine is served 2 heaping T. shortening Giblet Gravy and everyone is very happy," and here lib. seeded raisins Fat in pan, ~ cup Mr. Sarkisan smiled, for he said, "Where When cool, add 1 t . soda (heaping), sift Flour, ~ cup there is wine, then there is much singing together 3 c. flour, 1 t. salt, % t. cloves, Milk, 2 to 2% cups and happiness." 1 t. cinnamon, and 1 t. nutmeg. Add to Giblets (chopped) Mr. Malca, of Peru, South America, al­ first mixture. Bake in moderate oven for Blend fat with flour and stir in so a student at Iowa State College, told 45 minutes. milk slowly. Add giblets and simmer, me that in his country, Christmas is a The final effect may be produced if you stirring constantly until it is of the very sacred affair. carry the holly-decked pudding to the desired consistency. "We do not try to have a good time," table enveloped in flames, the result of 20 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER pouring lemon extract around it and There must have been fifty or sixty +·---·--··-·-·-·--·--·--·--·.-...-.-·t lighting it. women. The following rules may a:id in prepar­ As soon as I can I'll send you a few I LADIES I pictures, and today I have mailed you a ing the dinner as quickly and as well as .II Make the men install Philadel- f possible. copy of the College Quarterly, which I phia Diamond Grid Batteries in • think you would enjoy exchanging for 1. Prepare as much as possible before j their cars. More than one good the Homemaker. I particularly want I Christmas day. Vegetables may be pre­ :l disposition has been ruined by a "I pared for cooking, the fowl dressed, and them to ·see the Homemaker, because • faulty battery. • they are so interested in all of these Insure yourselves against such the dessert made the day or week before, practical phases of their education just 1 I depending on its nature. If home-made i an event. I candies and salted nuts are served, they recently added to the curriculum. may be prepared several days ahead of While I'm writing I think I'll send a i AMES STORAGE BATTERY i time and stored in tin boxes. message to the Home Economics Club. I've been wondering if your budget of i COMPANY i 2. Do not repeat flavors. If you use I Masonic B ldg. Phone 418 I pineapple in a fruit cocktail, do not serve benevolence couldn't include something pineapple ice. towards meal serving equipment for the department here. We have nothing! Last +·- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··- ··-··-·+ 3. Plan an interesting color scheme. year there was no necessity for it, but + •- ••- ••- ••- ••- ••-••- •-•- ••- n•- ••- ••- + Beet salad and carrots would not only be now I think it would add no end of pleas· out of harmony, but would be less appe­ ure for the girls to feel that they have a l i tizing. It is better to have a special color table, chairs, linen, silver, and china for i scheme for a dinner of this type. the serving of meals. i If the young housekeeper will plan so Of course, I think we want to keep it I 1 as to have as little as posible to do the as eastern as possible. I'm sure I can i i day of the big dinner, she will not be too find lovely luncheon sets of Bulgarian tired to enjoy the dinner or properly en­ cross stitch, tho I haven't been able to i i tertain her guests. And how glad she find much china that I'd ever buy. I hope i i will be that she had dinner at home to bring some lovely P ersian prints and rather than at a restaurant or hotel! fascinating native things, table run­ I ners, to the art and clothing depart­ l ments when I come back. The money The Danger Signal I that was originally r aised is about gone, Eda Lord Murphy Writes The better care you give your i eyes, the better the service they fron1 Constantinople +·-·--··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··- ··-··-·+ t will give you. (Continued from page 10) I I i When they pain you or feel I W. C. A. canteen and later I· hope to I strained it's a sign that some­ I have my two advanced girls prepare hot J Lowry's Pharmacy I dishes for the day students who bring i thing is wrong with them. lunches. 1 i I I Better have them examined I Everyone has a good time over the Huyler's Candy I than be sorry. week-end because we have Monday holi­ i days. It's simply heavenly! Once a Token of Good Taste i semester there is a holiday from Friday i DR. F. E. ROBINSON j at 4 to Monday at 6. It comes the last i of this month, and if the weather is good i i Exclusive Optometrist i I shall take an interesting trip. I've been THE REXALL STORE i I Ames, Iowa.. ' twice up the Bosporus, once to the end i l where it comes from the Black Sea. + ·· - ·~ -··-··-··-··-·· -··-··-··-··-·11 -111 -11+ - ••- ••- u•-••-••-••-•-••-••- ••- ••----•+ There are many ancient places of inter­ + est, and it makes you feel so ignorant of + -IA-III-II II - 111 -IW-IIR -IIK - II~ -··-··- 111 -11 -11+ history. Nearly everything you see is ' picturesque and beautiful, even the old and, perhaps, delapidated. There is a Headquarters for Christmas very strong influence of Persian art here Novelties and Gifts. which has resulted in beautiful carving and iron work. Yesterday I went with the art class to I Santa Sophia. It is, of course, the most Watson immense place and architecturally very wonderful, about as beautiful on the out­ side as some of the French Mosques. In I the evening I had thrill after thrill when Variety Store i I read with new appreciation the historic significance of it. It is said that during 214 Main i Have you ever considered the Ramazan, the Moslem week, as many as i great strain that sewing imposes on 10,000 Turks can get into Santa Sophia tft ~ -·~~- ·· -··-··- · ·-11·-··-··- ··- ·• - •r.- •• - + the optic nerves? I at once. Perhaps your eyes tire easily One of the very great beauties of Stam­ +•- •"-••- ••-••- n•- ••- ••- ••- ••- ••- ••- •-•+ while sewing. Do you realize that i boul, the Turkish part of the city, is the rightly fitted glasses would probably i presence of hundreds of minarets. They i correct the trouble? are the slender, beautifully graceful tow­ ANNEX TAILORS We suggest an examination of i ers where the call to prayer is given five your eyes, to determine if glasses i times each day. Twice I've happened to AND CLEANERS should be worn. 1 hear it at dawn. It is just as tho some­ Our Glasses May Prove one with a very powerful tenor voice Cleaning, Pressing, Repairing, A Real Ble11ing to Your Sight. 1 should stand in the Campanile and with his face toward Mecca remind us that Rug Cleaning L. C. TALLMAN "Allah is great and good, and Mohammed is his prophet." I can see the psychology Ladies' Work a Specialty OPTOMETRIST of it that makes them fanatical some­ i times. After sightseeing until I almost Phone 369 221 Main St. j dropped (two mosques finished me!) we I i went to the American Club luncheon. +•-•• -•a-••-••-••-~~•-••-••-••-••-••-••-•+ THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 21 so I thought it would be lovely for Cor­ delighted to meet such charming and ac­ vallis to give something and Manhattan complished visitors. Betty was an excel· +·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-"+i SEALINGWAXART . something, and that, perhaps, you all at lent pianist and graciously helped in the Ames would love to perpetuate Miss entertainment. The others following her Bailey's ideals across the sea. exampre contributed their bit, one of I bought some sweet yellow homespun them read humorous selections from Ri· the other day for table runners and nap­ ley, and even Inez, a very good contralto, kins and I shall, maybe, borrow things offered her services. to give the freshmen table setting les­ Among the guests was an eccentric aunt sons. They say they want to surprise of Mary's who was ever looking for impu­ their mothers at vacation. dence in "these young people nowadays." In case you decide to do anything, Inez had made some inadvertent remark I write to Mrs. Alice P. Norton, 1326 East that drew forth a sharp answer from the l i Fifty-eighth street, Chicago, Illinois, and maiden lady and was about to retort when I let her know so that others can give Betty entered the field and tactfully cen­ i books and charts and other things. tered tne conversation on more neutral i You have no idea how often I think of topics. She then chatted on subjects she i you and wonder how the new building felt this queer little soul might be inter­ j is progressing, and hope somebody really ested in. Betty possessed that good breed· misses me, and that I won't have to exist ing and innate kindliness that made all much longer without letters. whom she met appreciate her and wish With much love and best wishes for a to know her. Before leaving, the aunt wonderful year, I am as ever. remarked to Mary that Betty was a lovely EDA LORD MURPHY. guest and so "appreciative." The house party continued with Betty amiable and accomodating, frequently of· Holiday Sweets We have the instruction book ~ (Continued from page 12) and materials for making Wax j +·----·-·-·-·-··-·-··-·-·-··-· l Beads, Pendants and Novelties. j Place sugar, Karo syrup and water in i i Start this fascinating work j kettle over the fire and stir until dis­ i solved. Cook until a soft ball is formed and you just can't help enjoy- :1 in cold water. Add peanuts and stir un­ ing it. til syrups become light brown; add but­ SEE US l ter. Remove from flame and pour onto i Reynolds & Iverson j a greased platter, spreading as thin as for your hiking boots I Ames News Stand l possible. When cool break into pieces. +•-••-••-•w-•11-••~••-••-••-••-••-••-••-•+ Chocolate Fudge 2 cups sugar -We handle the kind they all 172 squares of chocolate 2/ 3 cups milk like, hi-tops and moccasin tips. 2 tbsp. of butter Few grains of salt 1 tsp. of vanilla Dissolve sugar in milk, add butter, chocolate and salt. Place cover on pan ITRUEBLOOD'S for first few minutes of cooking or until ! all sugar crystals are dissolved. Cook un­ COLLEGESHOESTORE til a very soft ball is formed in cold water or until the thermometer registers 111 • C. i . _,,_,_,,_:.:~:::.:_,,_,_,_ Cool to luke warm or 40 o C.; beat until the mixture sets. Drop from the tip of the spoon on waxed paper. Nuts may be added just before the mixture sets. Taffy +·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·-··-··-·+ 2 cups of sugar WHEN WOMEN lA, cup Karo syrup XMAS CANDIES I 1 cup rich milk or cream 1 STRANGLE their FEET 1 tbsp. butter 72 tsp. vanilla thev strangle Cook sugar, Karo syrup and milk to Something Else tool 118 o C. Add butter; bring to a boil; add flavoring and pour on greased platter; let I cool; turn in the edges and pull until i Nerves-ctrculation-vttal. white. Pull straight without twisting. Place on greased plate and cool. Break bodvorgans-all suffer from into convenient pieces. Pink taffy may the effect~ of stiff-arched. be made by adding a little red coloring I WHITMAN and FOSS unnaturally shaped shoes. just before the taffy is poured onto the plate. t Be wtse 1-Add many happy vears to vour life bv wearing The Perfect Guest i (Continued from page 12) i ROUND i j suit at the table. She dislikes so many i GRIPPER things, that I don't know what to pre­ i j pare:· I WALKING SHOES "I'm afraid that she is just plain finicky The Chocolate Shop i so don't try to suit her," resignedly re­ I BAUGE & SON marked Mary. i Luncheonette and Soda i That afternoon Mary entertained at tea j Shoes that Satisfy i AMES IOWA in honor of her guests. Her friends were +·-~·-··--·-··-··-··-··-··-·-··-··-··-·+ 22 THE IOWA HOMEMAI[ER fering incense for Inez who rashly gave injury to the gods of Tact and Considera­ Baskets Which Will Lead tion. One night Mary had invited several No Other Coffee school boy friends to come in and spend Long Useful Lives the evening dancing. Inez was allotted (Continued from page 14) Equals It one whom the men called a regular fel­ low but who "certainly was not a sheik" tensively. These are drawn on the chart. Chocolate Cream Coffee Has a Bet­ in her words. She made little or no pre­ A sandwich tray is simple to make but ter Flavor and Such a Nice tense to be interesting and barely man­ yet allows for the principles of proced­ Golden Brown Color, Says aged to be civil. Both Mary and Betty ure for many structures. A long end of Mrs. Bottorff sensed the situation and by keeping Inez the reed is soaked until it is very easily and the unfortunate gentleman immedi­ bent. Dry reed is brittle, partially soaked it splits and cracks. A sponge is neces­ Everest, Kas. (Special)-"Chocolate ately within their group, they succeeded Cream Coffee is the best I have ever in covering up Inez's behavior. That sary to keep it damp at ali times. The used. I have never found any other evening Mary retired nearly exhausted long end taken is shaved to a point and coffee to equal it," states Mrs. G. M. with her nerves much the worse for wear. flattened on one side for the start. If Bottorff. At this point in her review of events, the basket is to be round then the starter of reed is pressed tightly into a circle "It has better flavor and strength Mary jumped up, '"''ll wager I'm going and when it boils up it has such a nice to be careful how I act the next time I golden brown color. am invited anywhere," she emphatically "I also find the paraffin-walled can­ announced. "I'll play pokey chess, I'll isters it comes in, keep it fresher and dance with a clodhopper , and I'll even eat better. The men folks say it's the best spinach, but I'll not be the Black Fairy coffee made." at any party!" "Come, fo rget the party and rest your­ Y ()U, too, no doubt have discovered F·~-=;=-·-r it more economical as well as more self by taking tea with me," invited her mother. enjoyable to use the best coffee. Ask i Give your j your grocer for

The Evolution of Home f Economics at Iowa State I (Continued from page 13) it over the boys stairway where it was plainly visible by all the men and women ! I as they entered the dining room. l JUDISCH BROS. i Well of course the freshmen con'spired DRUG STORE ' to remove it, which was no more than I WESTERN GROCER COMPANY might have been expected and it was ex­ pected. The sophomores kept a continu­ +·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·+ ous guard to keep their work of art in the public eye. So you see how the scrap began. A t•-••-••-~•- •• -••-••-••-••-••-••-••-a•-111- 1 11-11-11-••- ••-••-••-•._.-•.-••-"•-••-••-•+ band o~ freshmen would mob the guard l i in the effort to secure the cartoon, but the sophomores were wary and had a way i Evening Fabrics Sparkle Under Evening Lights i of coming to the aid of fellow sophomores i j even as today. · Your new evening gown may be long or short-it may be very • Well, the fight grew warmer with every l straight and slim, or it may be an interpretation of the 1880 bouf- r year and the perils risked and the blood I fant mode. The main thing is-it must glitter. Brocades, metal- 1 shed for the honor of freshmen in general I lie fabrics, velvet, moire and richly embroidered laces-all offer 1 deserves a brass monument. One year a daring and agile freshman with his aides i fascinating selection. And it is so much inore economical to make j surprised the guards unguarding and the ·! your own gown. Metallic Brocades are priced at $9.50, $13.50, cartoon disappeared. The guards set up 1 $17.50, $22.50 and $27.50 the yard. a cry, the sophomores were soon rushing madly about searching in doors and out i YOUNKER BROS. for the bone of contention. At the same time had they used ctheir eyes they might I! DES MOINES have seen the agile freshman balancing Silk Store-First Floor along the ledge under the eaves of Old Main, the cartoon under his arm, and van­ 1 r ish thru a window. +·-··-·-··-··-··--·-··-··--·-··-·-··-··--·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·-··-··-·-··--·-·+ Thus it went, other risks just as hazard­ ous being taken and the fight eventually reached such a state of ardor that some +•-•--••-••-•-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-••-n-••-••-•+ years later fate intervened in the form of l President Beardshear and reconciled the two warring· factions. The white flag Coats - Suits I was flown and if you will believe me it I L~i~r~~!!'e I J. D. rALMER & co. Dry Goods ended by the sophomores giving the fresh­ :...__.:.._~_:_-...J MARSHALLTOWN, IOWA men a party and- the freshmen went! i You will find it a simple matter here to select gifts that will capture I feminine approval. Practical- all of them- for most women insist upon +·-·--··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··- ··-·+ i utility even in the daintiest of their possessions. At the same t:ime each ~I .i gift embodies real beauty and rare distinction. i The Homemaker makes ! We can suggest an endless number of useful gifts, a few of which we . I list below. ! an ideal Christmas gift. j l I : LINGERIE PYRALIN MOTTOES HOSIERY IVORY STATIONERY i 1 i Send it to your friends. 1- GLOVES TOILETRY NOVELTIES I I i I +·-··--·--·-··-··-·-·-··-··--·-w----•+ +·-·-··-·-·-·-·---·-·-·--·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·-·-··-·-·-··-·-·-·--+ THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 23 and from there the shape of the basket lovely times together. We both love to closely follows the line of the circle. For take long walks out into the foothills, to an oblong basket the end is left longer the beach, or merely walking downtown and the winding is the same as for the and looking at the homes as we go. W e're round. planning to spend the entire day Tuesday The raffia is soaked. Since it comes in the hills. in uneven widths, it is split into threads "You should see the new nurses' home of one-eighth inch wide. Never allow which has just been completed. It is this to become twisted for this spoils the surely wonderful in its arrangement and appearance of the basket or tray. Thread furnishings. The rooms are all single, a blunt needle with one of the chosen and furnished in mahogany. Bed, chiffo­ colors and connect or close sew the ad­ nier, bedside table, dressing table, writ­ joini-ng rows of reed. ing desk, chair and rocker. Can you im­ With the sharpened end pointing to­ agine it? And rugs that cover nearly the ward you and the free end ready to be entire floor, lovely chintz draperies, and wound in anti-clockwise direction, the even desk lamps with shades are fur­ sewing is in order. Always turning the nished. It is all the gift of some wealthy tray to work towards yourself, wind the friends of the hospital, Mr. and Mrs. OWillava needle over the first raw reed on the left side, insert the needle downward under the right r eed and over and down between CFuvs the right and left under the left and over +·-·--~·-··-·-··-· ·-··-··-··-··-·- ··-· + are known for their fine quality, again. "Second verse same as the first." Watches Diamonds { attractive appearance and ex­ 1 cellent workmanship. Now is This is nothing more than a figure eight the time to be making your se­ stitch and by inserting the blunt needle i lection while our stocks are from the upper side of the work, the in­ ~ complete and at which time you : i have the benefit of a greater va­ sertions are more apt to be direct. riety. You have noticed that this covers every reed twice and consideration is taken of WRITE FOR CATALOG I C. W. Dudgeon ' showing latest designs. Mail this fact when placing the pattern which orders are given prompt and is changing colors of raffia. i JEWELER careful attention. If this were to be a hot plate holder you I would simply finish it off with a simnle llWillard. Sou & Cbmoany border related to the main pattern. The Corner Main and First StrE"t"ts finishing end could be shaved flat as the I Ames Iowa MARSHALLTOWN IOWA starter was, and gradually blended into +-••-••-••-••-••-••-••- •a- ••- ••- ••- ••- •+ the whole. When the base is the required size and you are ready for the sides as would be the case in making trays or baskets, the + •-••- •a- ••- ••- ••- a•- ••-••- ••- ••- ••- ••- ••-•"-••- ••- ••- ••- ••- ••-•-••-••- •-••- ••- •11- + reed is raised directly above the last row. I I This makes an edge perpendicular to the base. If it were to be bowl shaped. then i I the succeeding row is placed somewhat to the side of the last and raised slightly to give the slant required. The border ' HART STUDIO I is applie

MARSH-RAEDER Miss Florence Marsh and Mr. Irving B. I Hosie~~ ' F:r Mother Wouldn't Sister Raeder of Baltimore, Md., were married Oct. 23, at the home of the bride's pa­ Mothers always give up every­ Adore These rents in Decorah, Ia. Miss Marsh was thing for their families. Here's There are tricky short Gaunt­ graduated from Iowa State in 1918 and a chance to give mother some Mr. Raeder also attended Ames. lets to wear to parties and fuz­ of the sheer silk Hose for which zy fur-lined Gloves for skating. WRAPPING THE CHRISTMAS GIFT she longs. By Grace Heidbreder $2.50 $2.00 to $6.50 Everyone loves to receive attractively wrapped packages, but few know how easily and inexpensively they may be ob­ tained. There are many ways of making the most inexpensive gift attractive. Orange and black as Christmas colors are not often used and yet even a small lemon fork or the loveliest silk lingerie may be made more charming by wrapping in orange paper, tying with black and adding a Christmas seal. The old idea that the gift paper must be tissue is fast giving way to crepe pa­ per of all shades. Even scraps of wall­ paper may be used for wrapping and for covering boxes. A snowball package may be made for the round fruit cake or plum pudding by using several thicknesses of square white tissue paper, bringing the edges together and tying them with a bright ribbon. A spray of cedar or holly is an added at· traction. Bitter sweet may be used as a substitute for holly. By gathering the berries in the fall and placing them in an undisturbed place they are easily kept until Christmas. Thus people with the most limited in­ comes may create fascinating gifts, made so by the wrapping.