Central America on a Shoestring

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Central America on a Shoestring ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 754 Index ABBe r ViAtions Antigua .(Gua).108-21,. Chenes .(Mex).69 Ruinase .d .Tazumal.. Bel. Belize 110-11, 2 Chichén .Itzá.(Mex).15,. (El) .S .314 Cos . Costa.Rica accommodations.115-16 51-4,.15, 52-3 Ruta .Puuc.(Mex).55 Ell .S. E .Salvador activities .113 Chinkultic .ruins.(Mex).72 San .Gervasio.(Mex).63 Gua . Guatemala attractions.109-13 Cihuatán .(El.S).302 San .Miguelito.(Mex).43 Hon . Honduras courses .113 Cobá .(Mex).67-8 Tikal .(Gua).10,.82,.200-7,. , Mex . Mexico drinking .&.entertainment. Copán .Archaeological. 11 202-3 118-19 Site .(Hon).16,.384-8,. Toniná .(Mex).72 Nic. Nicaragua food .116-18 385, 16 Tulum .Ruins.(Mex).65 Pan . Panama safe .travel.119 Dzibilchaltún.(Mex).55 Uaxactún .(Gua).207-9 shopping .119 Edzná .(Mex).69 Uxmal .(Mex).55 A tours .114-15 Ek’ .Balam.(Mex).66 Xunantunich.(Bel).260 accommodations.728-9,.see travel .to/from.&.within. El .Baúl.(Gua).165 Yamil .Lu’um.(Mex).43 also.individual locations 120-1 El .Cedral.(Mex).63 Yaxchilán .(Mex).84 activities .729-30,.see also. Apaneca .(El.S).318-19 El .Mirador.(Gua).209 Yaxhá .(Gua).208 individual locations & Arcatao .(El.S).340 activities El .Perú.(Gua).208 Zaculeu .(Gua).158 archaeological.museums Actun .Tunichil.Muknal. El .Pilar.(Bel).254,.256 Zona .Arqueológica.El.Rey. (Bel) .258 Gran .Museo.del.Mundo. El .Zotz.(Gua).208 (Mex) .43-90 Maya .(Mex).55 Ahuachapán.(El.S).314-16 Huellase .d .Acahualinca. Archipiélago.de.Bocas.del. Mi .Museo.(Nic).457 Toro .(Pan).10,.680-92,. air .travel.738-9,.740-1,.see (Nic) .443 also.individual locations Museo .Cultura.Cotzumal- Islae .d .Ometepe.. 682-3, 10 guapa .(Gua).166 Ak’Txumbal.(Gua).144 petroglyphs.472 Archipiélago.de.Las.Perlas. Museoe .d .Escultura. (Pan) .661 Alajuela .(Cos).546-50 Ixcún .(Gua).194 (Hon) .386 Archipiélago.de.San.Blás. Aldea .Loma.Linda.(Gua).163 Iximché .(Gua).131 Museoe .d .Oro.. K’umarcaaj.(Gua).142 (Pan),.see. eComarca.d . Alegría ) .(El.S .324-5 Precolombino.y.. Kuna .Yala Lamanai .(Bel).246 Almirante .(Pan).692 Numismática.(Cos).532 area .codes Lubaantun .(Bel).273 Altagracia .(Nic).474-5 Museol .E .Baúl.(Gua).165 El .Salvador.351 Mixco .Viejo.(Gua).170 Altuna .H .(Bel).17,.245-6,.17 Museo .Lítico.(Gua).205 Guatemala.222 Monte .Alto.(Gua).167 Amapala .(Hon).426 Museo .Maya.de.Cancún. Honduras .435 Monumento.Nacional. Ambergris.Caye.(Bel).240-5 (Mex) .43-90 Arqueológico.Guayabo Mexico8 .8 animals,.see. wildlife-watching,. Museo .Regional.de.. Nicaragua .524 Arqueología.(Gua).167 . (Cos).556 turtles Panama .721 Museo .Regional.de.. Nimi .L .Punit.(Bel).274 anthropology.museums Área .Protegida.Cerro.. Arqueología.(Hon).370 Pacbitun .(Bel).259 Gulisi .Garifuna.Museum. Tisey-Estanzuela.. (Bel) .263 Museo .Regional.del.Sur- Palenque .Ruins.(Mex).13,. (Nic) .495-6 estee .d .Petén.(Gua).194 80-1,.81,.13 Museoea .d .l .Medicina. Área .Protegida.Miraflor. Maya .(Mex).73 Museo .Tikal.(Gua).205 Palmar .(Cos).617 (Nic)5 .49 Museo .Nacional.de.Antro- archaeological.sites.24 Panamá .Viejo.Ruins. Argueta, .Manlio.345 (Pan) .644 pología .David.J.Guzmán. Altuna .H .(Bel).17,.. Arrué, .Salvador.Efraín. (El) .S .288 245-6,.17 Parque .Arqueológico. Salazar .345 Takalik .Abaj.(Gua).164 Museo .Popol.Vuh.(Gua).96 Bilbao .Stones.(Gua).166 art .galleries,.see. galleries Parque .Eco-Arqueológico. Museo .Regional.de.. Bonampak .(Mex).84 Asturias, .Miguel.Ángel.. Los .Naranjos.(Hon).374 Antropología.(Mex).55 Cahal .Pech.(Bel).254 214 Ruinase .d .Quelepa.(El.S). Calakmul .(Mex).69 Ataco ) .(El.S .319-20 328-54 Caracol .(Bel).258 ATMs .733 Map .Pages.000 Ruinase .d .San.Andrés.. Ceibal .(Gua).191 Belize .278 Photo .Pages.000 (El) .S .303 Cerros .(Bel).248 Costa .Rica.631 755 El.Salvador.351 Playa.El.Toro.(Pan).664 Uvita.(Cos).613 Macaw.Mountain.(Hon). Guatemala.220 Playa.El.Tunco.(El.S).16,. Wizard.Beach.(Pan).690 383-4 Honduras.435 305,.16 Belén.(Hon).424 Monumento.Nacional. Mexico.87 Playa.El.Zonte.(El.S).307 Belén.Gualcho.(Hon).390 Arqueológico.Guayabo .(Cos).556 Nicaragua.523 Playa.Espadilla.(Cos).610 Belize.227-82,.230-1 Panama.717 Panama.720 Playa.Espadilla.Sur. accommodations.277 Panama.Rainforest. IN Ávila,.Pedro.Arias.de.710 (Cos).610 arts.275-6 Discovery.Center. D Awas.(Nic).503 Playa.Esteron.(El.S).332 climate.227,.277 659-60 e Playa.Gigante.(Nic).477 X Ayapal.(Nic).498 culture.275 Parque.Nacional.Chirripó. Playa.Hermosa.(Cos). A-B disabilities,.travelers. (Cos).616 606 with.280 Parque.Nacional.Isla. B Playa.Hermosa.(Nic). embassies.&.consulates. Bahía.de.Jiquilisco.(El.S). Contoy.(Mex).48 481 277 326-7 Parque.Nacional.Laguna. Playa.Jaguey.(El.S).332 food.&.drink.228 Bahía.Drake.(Cos).617-19 del.Tigre.(Gua).208 Playa.Jiquilillo.(Nic).490 gay.&.lesbian.. Balgüe.(Nic).475 Parque.Nacional.Palo. Playa.Las.Lajas.(Pan). travelers.277 Verde.(Cos).586 banana.republics.429,.625 672 highlights.230-1 Parque.Nacional.Rincón. Barra.de.Santiago.(El.S). Playa.Las.Tunas.(El. history.274-5 de.la.Vieja.(Cos).589 16,.320 S).332 landscape.&.wildlife.276 Parque.Nacional.. Barranco.(Bel).273 Playa.Maderas.(Nic).480 money.278 Soberanía.(Pan).659 bathrooms.735 Playa.Majahual.. planning.37 Parque.Nacional.. Bay.Islands.(Hon).12,.. (El.S).333 safe.travel.279 Tortuguero.(Cos). 408-23,.409, 12 Playa.Manuel.Antonio. 557,.31 beaches.24 (Cos).610 travel.to/from.228,. 280-1 Parque.Natural.Metro- Boca.del.Drago.(Pan).681 Playa.Marsella.(Nic).480 politano.(Pan).645 travel.within.281-2 Camp.Bay.Beach.(Hon). Playa.Nancite.(Cos).590 Perquín.(El.S).335 women.travelers.280 416 Playa.Naranjo.(Cos).590 Playa.Jiquilillo.(Nic).490 Belize.City.229-36,.. Chepes.Beach.(Hon).418 Playa.Negra.(Cahuita,. Puerto.Viejo.de.. 232, 234 El.Bluff.(Nic).501 Cos).562 Sarapiquí.(Cos).584-5 accommodations.229 Great.Corn.Island.(Nic). Playa.Negra.(Puerto. Refugio.de.Vida.Silvestre. 504-6 Viejo.de.Talamanca,. attractions.229 Isla.Taboga.y.Urabá. Isla.Grande.(Pan).697 Cos).567 drinking.&.entertain- (Pan).660 ment.233 Isla.Taboga.(Pan).660 Playa.Negra.(Tamarindo,. Reserva.Biológica. Cos).598-9. food.232-3 La.Garita.(Pan).664 Bosque.Nuboso.. Playa.Negra.(Hon).426 shopping.233 Monteverde.(Cos).14,. La.Playita.(Cos).610 Playa.Ocotal.(Cos).591 travel.to/from.235-6 572,.14 Las.Peñitas.(Nic).489 Playa.Palancar.(Mex).63 travel.within.236 Reserva.Natural.Punta. Little.Corn.Island.(Nic). Playa.Platanares.(Cos). Belmopan.(Bel).251-4 Patiño.(Pan).707 506,.7 619 Río.Platanares.(Cos).619 Montezuma.(Cos).601 Bermudian.Landing.(Bel). Playa.Popoyo.(Nic).477 245 Sarteneja.(Bel).251 Parque.Nacional.Cahuita. Tikal.(Gua).205 (Cos).562 Playa.Punch.(Pan).682 bicycle.travel,.see cycling Blue.Creek.(Bel).273 Playa.Aserradores.(Nic). Playa.Quehueche.(Gua). Bilwi.(Nic).507-8 489-90 187 Biotopo.del.Quetzal.(Gua). Blue.Hole.National.Park. Playa.Barqueta.(Pan). Playa.Remanso.(Nic). 170-1 (Bel).240,.261,.23 670 480 Biotopo.Mario.Dary.Rivera,. Bluefields.(Nic).501-3 Playa.Blanca.(Gua).187 Playa.Sámara.(Cos). see.Biotopo.del.Quetzal boat.travel.740,.741,.see. 599-600 Playa.Bluff.(Pan).681 bird-watching,.see also individual locations Playa.San.Josecito. also.wildlife-watching Playa.Bonita.(Cos).560 Boca.de.Sábalos.(Nic).511 (Cos).618 Biotopo.Monterrico- Playa.Cocalito.(Cos).618 Bocas.del.Toro.Province. Playa.Tamarindo.(Cos). Hawaii.(Gua).168 (Pan).679-93,.see also Playa.Cocalito.(Hon).397 594-8,.596 Bosque.Eterno.de.. Archipiélago.de.Bocas. Playa.Cocles.(Cos).567 Playa.Tamarindo.(Nic). los.Niños.(Cos).572 del.Toro Playa.del.Coco.(Cos). 480 Celestún.(Mex).55 Bocas.del.Toro.Town.(Pan). 591-4 Playa.Venao.(Pan).665 Cerro.Alux.(Gua).121 681-9,.684 Playa.El.Coco.(Nic).481 Poneloya.(Nic).489 Finca.La.Isla.(Cos).567 Bolas.de.Fuego.(El.S).27 Playa.El.Cuco.(El.S).332 Red.Frog.Beach.(Pan). Honduras.432 Bonampak.(Mex).84 Playa.El.Espino.. 690 Isla.Barro.Colorado. Boquete.(Pan).672-7,. (El.S).325 Reserva.Natural.Absoluta. (Pan).660 674,.32 Playa.El.Istmito.(Pan). Cabo.Blanco.(Cos). Lago.de.Yojoa.(Hon).373 border.crossings.739,.740 682 603-4 Lancetilla.Jardín. Belize–Guatemala.281-2 Playa.El.Sunzal.. Tulate.(Gua).166 Botánico.(Hon).397 Belize–Honduras.281-2 (El.S).307 756 border.crossings.continued Caño.Negro.(Cos).35,.584 Cenote.Azul.(Mex). Cooperativa.RAOS. Belize–Mexico.281-2 canoeing.&.kayaking 64,.65 (Hon).372 CA-4.agreement.736 Bahía.Drake.(Cos).618 Cenote.Dzitnup.(Mex).51 Costa.Rica.625 Costa.Rica–Nicaragua. Isla.Colón.(Pan).681 Cenote.Samulá.(Mex).51 Finca.El.Cisne.(Hon).384 634 Jacó.(Cos).606 Cenote.Zací.(Mex).51 Finca.Santa.Leticia.. Costa.Rica–Panama.635 La.Fortuna.(Cos).581 Cristalino.Cenote. (El.S).318 IN El.Salvador–Costa. Lago.de.Atitlán.(Gua).123 (Mex).64 Finca.Santa.Margarita. D (Gua).173 Rica.352 Panama.717 Cuzamá.(Mex).55 e Matagalpa.(Nic).498 X El.Salvador–Guatemala. Parque.Nacional.. El.Jardín.del.Edén. B-C 353 Tortuguero.(Cos).557 (Mex).64 Reserva.Natural.Volcán. Mombacho.(Nic).465 El.Salvador–Honduras.353 Playa.Santo.Domingo. Gran.Cenote.(Mex).67 . El.Salvador–Nicaragua. (Nic).475 Central.America San.Ramón.(Nic).499 352 Puerto.Viejo.de.. basics.18-19 Cojutepeque.(El.S).323 Guatemala–Belize.225 Sarapiquí.(Cos).584 itineraries.28-35 Colón.(Pan).693-5 Guatemala–El.Salvador. Río.Cangrejal.(Hon).403 travel.to/from.19,. colonial.cities.23-4 224 Río.Sarapiquí.(Cos).583 738-40 Comarca.de.Kuna.Yala. Guatemala–Honduras. San.Ignacio.(Bel).256 travel.within.740-2 (Pan).698-702 224 Turrialba.(Cos).554 Central.Valley.&.Highlands Comayagua.(Hon).369-71 Guatemala–Mexico.225 Utila.(Hon).420 (Cos) 546-71, 548-9 Concepción.Quezaltepeque.
Recommended publications
  • Coastal Circulation and Water-Column Properties in The
    Coastal Circulation and Water-Column Properties in the War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam— Measurements and Modeling of Waves, Currents, Temperature, Salinity, and Turbidity, April–August 2012 Open-File Report 2014–1130 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey FRONT COVER: Left: Photograph showing the impact of intentionally set wildfires on the land surface of War in the Pacific National Historical Park. Right: Underwater photograph of some of the healthy coral reefs in War in the Pacific National Historical Park. Coastal Circulation and Water-Column Properties in the War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam— Measurements and Modeling of Waves, Currents, Temperature, Salinity, and Turbidity, April–August 2012 By Curt D. Storlazzi, Olivia M. Cheriton, Jamie M.R. Lescinski, and Joshua B. Logan Open-File Report 2014–1130 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Suggested citation: Storlazzi, C.D., Cheriton, O.M., Lescinski, J.M.R., and Logan, J.B., 2014, Coastal circulation and water-column properties in the War in the Pacific National Historical Park, Guam—Measurements and modeling of waves, currents, temperature, salinity, and turbidity, April–August 2012: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • With the Protection of the Gods: an Interpretation of the Protector Figure in Classic Maya Iconography
    University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2012 With The Protection Of The Gods: An Interpretation Of The Protector Figure In Classic Maya Iconography Tiffany M. Lindley University of Central Florida Part of the Anthropology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Lindley, Tiffany M., "With The Protection Of The Gods: An Interpretation Of The Protector Figure In Classic Maya Iconography" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 2148. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2148 WITH THE PROTECTION OF THE GODS: AN INTERPRETATION OF THE PROTECTOR FIGURE IN CLASSIC MAYA ICONOGRAPHY by TIFFANY M. LINDLEY B.A. University of Alabama, 2009 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2012 © 2012 Tiffany M. Lindley ii ABSTRACT Iconography encapsulates the cultural knowledge of a civilization. The ancient Maya of Mesoamerica utilized iconography to express ideological beliefs, as well as political events and histories. An ideology heavily based on the presence of an Otherworld is visible in elaborate Maya iconography. Motifs and themes can be manipulated to convey different meanings based on context.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Maya: the Rise and Fall of a Rainforest Civilization Arthur Demarest Index More Information
    Cambridge University Press 0521592240 - Ancient Maya: The Rise and Fall of a Rainforest Civilization Arthur Demarest Index More information Index Abaj Takalik (Guatemala) 64, 67, 69, 72, animals 76, 78, 84, 102 association with kings and priests 184, aboriculture 144–145 185 acropoli see epicenters and bird life, rain forests 123–126 agriculture 117–118 and rulers 229 animal husbandry 145 apiculture 145 Classic period 90, 146–147 archaeology effects of the collapse, Petexbatun 254 and chronology 17, 26 operations in relation to the role of elites and cultural evolution 22–23, 26, 27 and rulers 213 history 31 post-Spanish Conquest 290 genesis of scientific archaeology 37–41 Postclassic period, Yucatan 278 multidisciplinary archaeology 41–43 in relation to kingship 206 nineteenth century 34–37 specialization 166 Spanish Conquest 31–33 and trade 150 processual archaeology 23, 26 see also farming practices; gardens; rain settlement pattern archaeology 50, 52 forests architecture 99 Aguateca 230, 251, 252, 259, 261 corbeled vault architecture 90, 94, 95 craft production 164 northern lowlands, Late Classic period destruction 253 235–236 specialist craft production 168 Puuc area, Late Classic period 236 Ajaw complex 16 roof combs 95 ajaws, cult 103 talud-tablero architectural facades alliances, and vassalages 209 (Teotihuacan) 105, 108 Alm´endariz, Ricardo 33 Arroyo de Piedras (western Pet´en)259 alphabet 46, 48 astronomy 201 Alta Vista 79 and astrology 192–193 Altar de Sacrificios (Petexbatun) 38, 49, Atlantis (lost continent) 33, 35 81, 256,
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Yucatán Obsidian Finds
    FAMSI © 2002: Geoffrey E. Braswell Northern Yucatán Obsidian Finds - Mérida and Chichén Itzá Presented at the X Symposium of the Guatemalan Archaeology, National Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Guatemala, July 25, 1996 Research Year : 1996 Culture: Maya Chronology : Terminal Classic Location : Quintana Roo, México Sites: Mérida and Chichén Itzá Table of Contents Introduction Research in México Neutron Activation Analysis of Samples Preliminary Conclusions and Continuing Research Sources Cited Introduction This report describes research funded by the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI). The project, entitled Northern Yucatán Obsidian Finds - Mérida and Chichén Itzá, was conducted in México between 15 October and 16 December 1995. A second phase, consisting of the analysis of 292 obsidian artifacts by neutron activation, should be completed by 31 October 1996. Obsidian found in the northern Maya lowlands was imported from a limited number of sources in the Guatemalan and Mexican highlands. The presence of obsidian artifacts at lowland Maya sites therefore implies participation in interregional and long-distance trade networks. Although the northern lowlands have long been an important focus of obsidian-exchange studies (e.g., Hammond, 1972; Nelson, 1985), the construction and testing of diachronic trade models has been hampered by two factors. First, the sample size of sourced artifacts from the northern lowlands has been small: only 80 pieces from contexts dating to later than A.D. 600 (Nelson, 1985: Tables 11-14). As of 1994, only six pieces of obsidian from Chichén Itzá had been attributed to geological sources through chemical analysis. These were all of unknown temporal provenience and were dredged from the Sacred Cenote, a functional context so special that it cannot be interpreted as representative of the site as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Where America's Day Begins
    Guam Where America’s Day Begins 1 Tumon Bay 2 Two Lovers Point 3 Local boy and mango 4 Where is Paradise? U.S. Territory located • RUSSIA in the Pacific Ocean, Moscow Vladivostok Beijing CHINA KOREA a true tropical island Seoul Osaka JAPAN KOREA Tokyo CHINA JAPAN Shanghai Commonwealth of the TAIWANNorthern Mariana Islands Situated approximately Hong Kong Taipei Saipan HONG KONG • Hanoi TAIWAN GUAM TERRITORY OF THE USA 900 miles north of the Manila PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINES Ho Chi Minh City equator VIETNAM • 32 miles long and ranges between 4 and 8 miles in width • Shaped like a footprint, Guam is the first step into Micronesia 5 Gateway to the Marianas and Micronesia The meaning of Micronesia: • COMMONWEALTH Saipan MICRONESIA OF NORTHERN Tinian MARIANA ISLANDS Rota “micro” – tiny Pacific Ocean Philippine Sea “nesia” – many GUAM TERRITORY OF U.S.A. REPUBLIC FEDERATED STATES REPUBLIC OF Micronesia – “many tiny OF PALAU OF MICRONESIA MARSHALL ISLANDS Pohnpei Kwajalein islands” Palau Yap Chuuk Kosrae Majuro • Largest and most populated island in the Marianas • Communications, transportation and financial hub in the Marianas 6 RUSSIA Getting Moscow Vladivostok Beijing CHINA KOREA Seoul Osaka JAPAN to Guam KOREA Tokyo CHINA JAPAN Shanghai Commonwealth of the TAIWANNorthern Mariana Islands From Hong Kong Taipei HONG KONG Hanoi TAIWAN GUAM TERRITORY OF THE USA Manila PHILIPPINES Vietnam PHILIPPINES Ho Chi Minh City VIETNAM Flight Time Hanoi to Guam via Korea 9 hrs via Taiwan 6 hrs 40 min via Tokyo 8 hrs 50 min Ho Chi Minh City via Hong Kong 10 hrs to Guam via Taiwan 7 hrs 15 min via Manila 6 hrs 30 min 7 Climate & Geography • Average 85ºF (29ºC) • Guam is on the edge of the Mariana Trench, the deepest trench in the world • Craggy limestone cliffs dominate in the North and rolling hills with spectacular views in the South 8 The People • 160,000 Residents • Population is 37% Chamorro, 26% Filipino and 11% other Pacific Islanders.
    [Show full text]
  • Maya Settlement Patterns and Land Use in Buena Vista, Cozumel, México
    FAMSI © 2004: Adolfo Iván Batún Alpuche Maya Settlement Patterns and Land Use in Buena Vista, Cozumel, México Research Year: 2003 Culture: Maya Chronology: Post Classic Location: Cozumel, México Site: Buena Vista Table of Contents Abstract Resumen Introduction Project Goals Research Design and Methods Preliminary Results Microenvironmental Zones Main Transects Transects Limiting Quadrants Selected Areas Soil Profiles Summary and Conclusion Acknowledgments List of Figures Sources Cited Abstract The Buena Vista Archaeological Project is a study of postclassic Maya settlement patterns and land use on the island of Cozumel, México. Field work carried out in the site during the months of June–August 2003 was sponsored by the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc., (FAMSI). Previous archaeological research in Buena Vista had focused in a central area of seven hectares and reported the existence of an extensive wall system and platforms at the site which was interpreted as a storage center for exchange and resupply transactions. In this interpretation, the platforms supported perishable structures used to store trade commodities, and the wall system was built to protect these trade goods from possible pirate attacks (Sabloff and Rathje 1975, Freidel and Sabloff 1984). However, the nature and extension of the wall system around the central area had not been investigated in detail. The research objectives of this project were to analyze the Buena Vista settlement pattern following a settlement ecology model (Stone 1996, Killion 1992), which seeks to understand the relationship between population and agricultural practices in an ecological setting. The project followed a program of surface survey and mapping of the wall system, related structures, and natural features located in an area of 4 km2 around the center of the site.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Costa Oriental Maya: Una Acercamiento Al Comercio Y
    Memorias. Revista Digital de Historia y Arqueología desde el Caribe E-ISSN: 1794-8886 [email protected] Universidad del Norte Colombia Zúñiga Carrasco, Iván Renato Costa Oriental Maya: una acercamiento al comercio y navegación Memorias. Revista Digital de Historia y Arqueología desde el Caribe, núm. 23, mayo- agosto, 2014, pp. 111-127 Universidad del Norte Barranquilla, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=85532558007 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto MEMORIAS Revista digital de Historia y Arqueología desde el Caribe colombiano Costa Oriental Maya: una acercamiento al comercio y navegación Mayan Oriental Coast: an approach to trade and navigation Dr. Iván Renato Zúñiga Carrasco1 Resumen La costa oriental de la Península de Yucatán ofreció un medio ideal para navegantes y mercaderes por la geografía costera peninsular cruzada por extensas redes fluviales que se extienden a lo largo de sus costas y se remontan lejanamente en el interior. El intercambio de productos a través de largas distancias fue un factor básico en la homogeneidad cultural del mundo maya, jugando un papel crítico en el desarrollo de esta antigua civilización. El comercio marítimo maya se remonta al periodo Preclásico Tardío (300 a.C.-300 d.C.) Muchos puertos estaban ubicados en lugares estratégicos para el comercio, como islas, promontorios o a la entrada de ríos y en la mayoría de las veces se ubicaban en lugares protegidos del mar abierto.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Expression of Sacred Space Among the Ancient Maya
    Trinity University Digital Commons @ Trinity Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research Sociology and Anthropology Department 1-2004 Models of Cosmic Order: Physical Expression of Sacred Space Among the Ancient Maya Jennifer P. Mathews Trinity University, [email protected] J. F. Garber Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/socanthro_faculty Part of the Anthropology Commons, and the Sociology Commons Repository Citation Mathews, J. P., & Garber, J. F. (2004). Models of cosmic order: Physical expression of sacred space among the ancient Maya. Ancient Mesoamerica, 15(1), 49-59. doi: 10.1017/S0956536104151031 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology and Anthropology Department at Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ancient Mesoamerica, 15 (2004), 49–59 Copyright © 2004 Cambridge University Press. Printed in the U.S.A. DOI: 10.1017/S0956536104151031 MODELS OF COSMIC ORDER Physical expression of sacred space among the ancient Maya Jennifer P. Mathewsa and James F. Garberb aDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA bDepartment of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA Abstract The archaeological record, as well as written texts, oral traditions, and iconographic representations, express the Maya perception of cosmic order, including the concepts of quadripartite division and layered cosmos. The ritual act of portioning and layering created spatial order and was used to organize everything from the heavens to the layout of altars.
    [Show full text]
  • UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Ceramics of Lubaantun: Stasis and Change in the Southern Belize Region during the Late and Terminal Classic Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zf41162 Author Irish, Mark David Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO The Ceramics of Lubaantun: Stasis and Change in the Southern Belize Region during the Late and Terminal Classic A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Anthropology by Mark David Irish Committee in charge: Professor Geoffrey E. Braswell, Chair Professor Paul S. Goldstein Professor Thomas E. Levy 2015 Copyright Mark David Irish, 2015 All rights reserved. The Thesis of Mark David Irish is approved, and is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2015 iii DEDICATION In recognition of all of the support they have given me throughout my years of education; for proof-reading countless essays and the source of endless amounts of constructive criticism; for raising me to value learning and the pursuit of knowledge; for always being there when I needed someone to talk to; this thesis is dedicated to my family, including my mother Deanna, my father John, my sister Stephanie, and my wonderful wife Karla. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………..…. iii Dedication…………………………………………………………………………….. iv Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………… v List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………. vi Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………….... vii Abstract of the Thesis…………………………………………………………………. viii Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….. 1 Background…………………………………………………………………………….. 6 The Southern Belize Region…………………………………………………… 12 History of Lubaantun………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Central America
    Zone 1: Central America Martin Künne Ethnologisches Museum Berlin The paper consists of two different sections. The first part has a descriptive character and gives a general impression of Central American rock art. The second part collects all detailed information in tables and registers. I. The first section is organized as follows: 1. Profile of the Zone: environments, culture areas and chronologies 2. Known Sites: modes of iconographic representation and geographic context 3. Chronological sequences and stylistic analyses 4. Documentation and Known Sites: national inventories, systematic documentation and most prominent rock art sites 5. Legislation and institutional frameworks 6. Rock art and indigenous groups 7. Active site management 8. Conclusion II. The second section includes: table 1 Archaeological chronologies table 2 Periods, wares, horizons and traditions table 3 Legislation and National Archaeological Commissions table 4 Rock art sites, National Parks and National Monuments table 5 World Heritage Sites table 6 World Heritage Tentative List (2005) table 7 Indigenous territories including rock art sites appendix: Archaeological regions and rock art Recommended literature References Illustrations 1 Profile of the Zone: environments, culture areas and chronologies: Central America, as treated in this report, runs from Guatemala and Belize in the north-west to Panama in the south-east (the northern Bridge of Tehuantepec and the Yucatan peninsula are described by Mr William Breen Murray in Zone 1: Mexico (including Baja California)). The whole region is characterized by common geomorphologic features, constituting three different natural environments. In the Atlantic east predominates extensive lowlands cut by a multitude of branched rivers. They cover a karstic underground formed by unfolded limestone.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Maya Territorial Organisation of Central Belize: Confluence of Archaeological and Epigraphic Data
    &RQWULEXWLRQVLQ1HZ:RUOG $UFKDHRORJ\ ± ANCIENT MAYA TERRITORIAL ORGANISATION OF CENTRAL BELIZE: CONFLUENCE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND EPIGRAPHIC DATA CHRISTOPHE H ELMKE University of Copenhagen JAIME AWE ,QVWLWXWHRI$UFKDHRORJ\%HOL]H Abstract 7KHPRGHOVSURSRVHGIRUDQFLHQW0D\DWHUULWRULDORUJDQL]DWLRQLQFHQWUDO%HOL]HGLIIHUVLJQL¿FDQWO\IURPRQH UHVHDUFKHU WR DQRWKHU 'XH WR WKH UHODWLYH GHDUWK RI KLHURJO\SKLF GDWD PRVW PRGHOV KDYH EHHQ IRUPXODWHG RQ WKHEDVLVRIDUFKDHRORJLFDOGDWDDORQHDQGDUHSUHGRPLQDQWO\VLWHVSHFL¿FDVVHVVPHQWV,QYHVWLJDWLRQVLQFHQWUDO %HOL]HRYHUWKHSDVWIRXUGHFDGHVKDYHKRZHYHUEURXJKWWROLJKWVHYHUDONH\SLHFHVRIHSLJUDSKLFGDWDLQFOXGLQJ (PEOHP*O\SKV:KHQYLHZHGLQFRQMXQFWLRQWKHDUFKDHRORJLFDODQGHSLJUDSKLFGDWDSURYLGHDQHZYDQWDJHIRU GHWHUPLQLQJWKHVWUXFWXUHRIWKH&ODVVLFSHULRGVRFLRSROLWLFDOODQGVFDSHRIWKH%HOL]H9DOOH\ Resumen /RVPRGHORVSURSXHVWRVSDUDODRUJDQL]DFLyQWHUULWRULDOGHORVPD\DVGHO3HUtRGR&OiVLFRHQ%HOLFH&HQWUDO GL¿HUHQVLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWHGHXQLQYHVWLJDGRUDRWUR'HELGRDODHVFDVH]GHGDWRVMHURJOt¿FRVODPD\RUtDGHORV PRGHORVVHKDQIRUPXODGRWHQLHQGRHQFXHQWDWDQVRORGDWRVDUTXHROyJLFRV\VHFHQWUDQSUHGRPLQDQWHPHQWHVREUH FDGDVLWLRLQYHVWLJDGR/DVH[SORUDFLRQHVHQ%HOLFH&HQWUDOGHODVFXDWUR~OWLPDVGpFDGDVVLQHPEDUJRKDQVDFDGR DODOX]QXPHURVDVSLH]DVFODYHTXHDSRUWDQGDWRVHSLJUi¿FRVLQFOX\HQGR*OLIRV(PEOHPD9LVWRVHQFRQMXQWRORV GDWRVDUTXHROyJLFRV\HSLJUi¿FRVSURSRUFLRQDQXQDSRVLFLyQPiVYHQWDMRVDHQODGHWHUPLQDFLyQGHODHVWUXFWXUD del paisaje socio-político del Período Clásico del Valle de Belice. INTRODUCTION $ YDULHW\ RI PRGHOV RI DQFLHQW 0D\D WHUULWRULDO RUJDQLVDWLRQ KDYH EHHQ SURSRVHG IRU WKH %HOL]H 9DOOH\RYHUWKHSDVWIRXUGHFDGHV,QSDUWWKHTXDQWLW\RIVXFKPRGHOVFDQEHH[SODLQHGE\WKHIDFW
    [Show full text]
  • Island Is Heavily Patrolled By
    and enjoy! and ; red or yellow , not Dollars. not , Pesos level of blood alcohol blood of level ANY Everybody needs a map to nd their around! way or under an unlocked moto seat. moto unlocked an under or 9. Never leave anything of value in an open vehicle, open an in value of anything leave Never 9. There are exceptions; watch out for one-way signs. one-way for out watch exceptions; are There Most Avenidas are one-way and run north south. north run and one-way are Avenidas Most 8. Most Calles are one-way and run east-west. run and one-way are Calles Most 8. stopsigns. Don’t get blind-sided! get Don’t stopsigns. ALL at Stop 7. Slow down Slow limit! speed the Drive 6. for anyone on a moto. a on anyone for obligatory are Helmets 5. will void your insurance if you have an accident. an have if you insurance your void will 4. There is NO “legal limit.” limit.” “legal NO is There 4. your car will be towed or your license plates taken. plates license your or towed be will car your 3. Do not park along curbs painted painted curbs along park not 3. Do and your license plates removed. removed. plates license your and during no-parking hours, your car will be ticketed ticketed be will car your hours, no-parking during Mondays thru Saturdays. If you park on this street this on park you If Saturdays. thru Mondays avenue (Av. Rafael Melgar) from 9AM to 6PM on 6PM to 9AM from Melgar) Rafael (Av.
    [Show full text]