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Hải-Quân Việt-Nam Cộng-Hòa Ra Khơi, 1975

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Hải-Quân Việt-Nam Cộng-Hòa Ra Khơi, 1975 TÀI LI ỆU L ỊCH S Ử HẢI-QUÂN VIỆT-NAM CỘNG-HÒA RA KHƠI, 1975 ĐIỆP-MỸ-LINH Cho các con Xuân-Nguyệt, Hồ-Quang-Thanh, Xuân-Hương, Hồ-Quang-Liêm, Phạm-Thế-Vượng và những người trẻ cùng thế hệ để tất cả hiểu được những hải trình khổ nạn mà Ông và Cha đã vượt qua. THAY L ỜI T ỰA Là m ột ngòi bút n ữ không chuyên nghi ệp, tôi r ất say mê vi ết v ề Lính và tâm tình c ủa Lính, nh ưng không bao gi ờ tôi có ý đị nh vi ết quân s ử. Đố i v ới tôi, t ường thu ật là m ột th ể lo ại tôi không thích; vì th ể lo ại này h ơi khô khan, c ứng ng ắt, không h ợp v ới tâm h ồn tôi. Vì v ậy, th ực hi ện cu ốn tài li ệu H ải-Quân Vi ệt-Nam C ộng Hòa Ra Kh ơi, 1975 không ph ải là “cao v ọng” (?) hay ý t ưởng l ập d ị c ủa tôi, mà ch ỉ là m ột c ố g ắng v ượt b ực để gi ới thi ệu đế n độ c gi ả m ột quân ch ủng th ầm l ặng nh ưng được r ất nhi ều c ảm m ến c ủa m ọi ng ười. Trong H ải-Quân không h ề thi ếu nh ững cây bút th ừa kh ả n ăng để ghi l ại nh ững đoạn đường đầ y chông gai mà t ập th ể ấy đã v ượt qua. Nh ưng s ở d ĩ tôi được hân h ạnh làm công vi ệc này là vì t ấm lòng tha thi ết c ủa tôi đố i v ới quân ch ủng này t ừ khi tôi tr ở thành “dâu” c ủa Đạ i-Gia-Đình H ải-Quân. Vì yêu thích thiên nhiên và c ũng vì mu ốn th ấy t ận m ắt nh ững khía c ạnh gai g ốc nh ất của quân ch ủng H ải-Quân để vi ết bài, tôi xin tháp tùng nh ững đơn v ị chi ến đấ u H ải- Quân. Sau khi được T ư-Lệnh H ải-Quân Tr ần V ăn Ch ơn cho phép, tôi g ửi các con c ủa tôi vào n ội trú t ại tr ường Régina Pacis và Notre Dame des Missions để lênh đênh trên nh ững chi ến đỉ nh trong Vùng IV Sông Ngòi ho ặc ghe Ch ủ L ực d ọc mi ền Duyên H ải. Nh ờ th ời gian dài s ống c ạnh nh ững đơn v ị tác chi ến này tôi m ới c ảm nh ận được t ất cả n ỗi đau th ươ ng c ủa Ng ười Lính V.N.C.H. Và c ũng nh ờ th ời gian này tôi m ới ý th ức được r ằng Ng ười Lính H ải-Quân c ũng chi ến đấ u can c ường, li ều l ĩnh và d ũng c ảm không thua b ất c ứ m ột đạ i đơ n v ị tác chi ến nào c ủa Quân-Lực V.N.C.H. Tôi v ẫn nh ớ, nh ững đêm đen, th ấy h ỏa châu r ực sáng m ột vùng và nhìn đoàn giang đỉnh l ầm l ủi ti ến v ề m ột đồ n Ngh ĩa-Quân đang kêu c ứu, tôi b ỗng nghe nhi ều ti ếng B40 và B41 t ừ hai bên b ờ sông b ắn x ối x ả ra đoàn tàu. Chi ếc Fom d ẫn đầ u b ị mìn. Quanh tôi, lẫn trong ti ếng đạ n và mìn vang r ền là t ừng c ột n ước phun cao, đổ ào xu ống đoàn giang đỉnh, át c ả ti ếng kêu c ứu t ừ máy truy ền tin c ủa nhân viên chi ếc Fom và c ủa đồ n Ngh ĩa- Quân. Nh ư đã tiên li ệu, đoàn giang đỉnh v ừa ch ống tr ả mãnh li ệt v ừa ti ếp c ứu th ủy th ủ đoàn c ủa chi ếc Fom và v ừa tr ực ch ỉ đế n gi ải c ứu quân b ạn. Nh ững lúc đó tôi th ầm nh ủ là tôi ph ải ghi l ại nh ững s ự ki ện này và nh ững hình ảnh bi hùng có th ật c ủa Ng ười Lính Áo Tr ắng. Tâm nguy ện c ủa tôi t ưởng ch ỉ qu ẩn quanh trong nh ững dòng sông nhu ộm máu ở U- Minh. Nh ưng, đến đầ u n ăm 1975, Ng ười Lính Áo Tr ắng không nh ững ch ỉ gi ải c ứu đồ n Ngh ĩa-Quân mà Ng ười Lính Áo Tr ắng còn đón c ả m ấy S ư-Đoàn thi ện chi ến và c ả v ạn vạn đồ ng bào t ừ Vùng I và Vùng II Chi ến-Thu ật đưa v ề Saigon và Phú-Qu ốc thì tâm nguy ện c ủa tôi tr ở nên to l ớn h ơn và khó kh ăn h ơn. Tôi mu ốn ghi l ại nh ững đóng góp v ĩ đạ i c ủa quân ch ủng H ải-Quân nh ư là m ột tài li ệu l ịch s ử. Tuy nhiên, vi ệc s ưu t ầm và đúc k ết cu ốn tài li ệu l ịch s ử này t ỷ nh ư hành động h ạ th ủy một chi ến h ạm; sau đó, m ọi sự vi ệc x ảy ra cho chi ến h ạm đề u tùy thu ộc vào m ức độ x ử dụng, tu b ổ và b ảo trì c ủa t ất c ả s ĩ quan, h ạ sĩ quan và th ủy th ủ đoàn. Trong ý ni ệm đó, tôi mong s ẽ nh ận được nh ững ý ki ến, nh ững dữ ki ện, nh ững hình ảnh, để b ổ khuy ết cho cu ốn tài li ệu này thêm ph ần chính xác. Và l ần tái b ản này đã có vài b ổ khuy ết. Tôi xin được minh xác, cu ốn tài li ệu này ch ỉ ghi l ại trung th ực nh ững bi ến độ ng trong Hải-Quân, ho ặc có liên quan đến H ải-Quân, vào kho ảng th ời gian gi ữa tháng 3 n ăm 1975 cho đến khi H ạm-Đội H ải-Quân V.N.C.H. đến Subic Bay mà thôi. Ph ần ph ụ l ục quan tr ọng là nh ững bài vi ết giá tr ị c ủa chính nh ững s ĩ quan H ải-Quân nh ư: Cựu H ải-Quân Đại-Tá Nguy ễn Ngọc Qu ỳnh, c ựu Đề -Đốc Lâm Ng ươ n Tánh, c ựu Phó-Đề-Đốc Đặ ng Cao Th ăng, c ựu H ải-Quân Trung Úy Tr ần Trúc Vi ệt và m ột s ĩ quan thu ộc vào th ế h ệ H ải-Quân th ứ hai: C ựu H ải-Quân Đại-Úy Hoàng Qu ốc Tu ấn, xu ất thân từ Tr ường s ĩ quan H ải-Quân Hoa-Kỳ (Officer Candidate School – OCS) t ại Newport, Rhode Island. Tôi ngh ĩ lịch s ử là nh ững s ự ki ện có th ật, hãy để nh ững s ự vi ệc đó t ự nói lên t ừng tr ạng hu ống c ủa m ỗi giai đoạn. Mu ốn th ực hi ện được điều đó và c ũng để gi ữ m ức độ khách quan và vô t ư c ủa ngòi bút, tôi tránh xen vào cu ốn tài li ệu này nh ững suy lu ận, nh ững nh ận đị nh, nh ững bình ph ẩm của b ất c ứ m ột cá nhân nào – và ngay c ả c ủa chính tôi. Nh ững n ăm h ọc trung h ọc, h ọc Vi ệt-Sử và Th ế-Gi ới-Sử, n ếu tôi nh ớ không l ầm, ng ười vi ết s ử không bao gi ờ thóa m ạ, lên án g ắt gao hay lách vào đời t ư c ủa b ất c ứ m ột nhân vật l ịch s ử nào c ả. G ần đây, trong khi tra cứu m ột số tài li ệu l ịch s ử H ải-Quân Hoa-Kỳ, tôi c ũng ch ưa h ề th ấy m ột ngòi bút nào “n ặng tay” v ới nh ững nhân v ật liên đới trách nhi ệm trong cu ộc chi ến tranh Vi ệt-Nam – dù nhân v ật ấy là ng ười Vi ệt hay ng ười M ỹ. Tôi nh ận th ấy l ối vi ết này thích h ợp v ới cá tính c ủa tôi. Vì v ậy, ch ỉ v ị nào đọc cu ốn tài li ệu này v ới ý t ưởng tìm hi ểu H ải-Quân Vi ệt-Nam Cộng-Hòa theo tinh th ần s ử l ược thì xin ti ếp t ục đọ c nh ững trang k ế ti ếp; vì n ơi đây, ch ỉ có nh ững s ự ki ện l ịch s ử hi ển hi ện ch ứ không h ề có s ự đả kích hay tâng b ốc b ất cứ m ột nhân v ật nào c ả.
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