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Doing Business in Belgium
DOING BUSINESS IN BELGIUM CONTENTS 1 – Introduction 3 2 – Business environment 4 3 – Foreign Investment 7 4 – Setting up a Business 9 5 – Labour 17 6 – Taxation 20 7 – Accounting & reporting 29 8 – UHY Representation in Belgium 31 DOING BUSINESS IN BELGIUM 3 1 – INTRODUCTION UHY is an international organisation providing accountancy, business management and consultancy services through financial business centres in over 100 countries throughout the world. Business partners work together through the network to conduct transnational operations for clients as well as offering specialist knowledge and experience within their own national borders. Global specialists in various industry and market sectors are also available for consultation. This detailed report providing key issues and information for investors considering business operations in Belgium has been provided by the office of UHY representatives: UHY-CDP PARTNERS Square de l’Arbalète, 6, B-1170 Brussels Belgium Phone +32 2 663 11 20 Website www.cdp-partners.be Email [email protected] You are welcome to contact Chantal Bollen ([email protected]) for any inquiries you may have. A detailed firm profile for UHY’s representation in Belgium can be found in section 8. Information in the following pages has been updated so that they are effective at the date shown, but inevitably they are both general and subject to change and should be used for guidance only. For specific matters, investors are strongly advised to obtain further information and take professional advice before making any decisions. This publication is current at July 2021. We look forward to helping you doing business in Belgium DOING BUSINESS IN BELGIUM 4 2 – BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW COUNTRY AND NATION Belgium is a small country (30,528 square kilometres) at the centre of the most significant industrial and urban area in Western Europe. -
Remembering Hadewijch
Remembering Hadewijch The Mediated Memory of a Middle Dutch Mystic in the Works of the Flemish Francophone Author Suzanne Lilar Tijl Nuyts, University of Antwerp Abstract: Commonly known as one of the last Flemish authors who resorted to French as a literary language, Suzanne Lilar (1901-1992) constitutes a curious case in Belgian literary history. Raised in a petit bourgeois Ghent-based family, she compiled a complex oeuvre consisting of plays, novels and essays. In an attempt to anchor her oeuvre in the literary tradition, Lilar turned to the writings of the Middle Dutch mystic Hadewijch (ca. 1240), remodelling the latter’s memory to her own ends. This article argues that Lilar’s remembrance of Hadewijch took shape against the broader canvas of transfer activities undertaken by other prominent cultural mediators of Hadewijch’s oeuvre. Drawing on insights from memory studies and cultural transfer studies, an analysis of Lilar’s mobilisation of Hadewijch in two of Lilar’s most important works, Le Couple (1963) and Une enfance gantoise (1976), will show that Lilar’s rewriting of the mystic into her own oeuvre is marked by an intricate layering of mnemonic spheres: the author’s personal memory-scape, the cultural memory of Flanders and of Belgium, and a universal ‘mystical’ memory which she considered to be lodged within every human soul. In teasing out the relations between these spheres, this article will demonstrate that Lilar aimed to further the memory of Hadewijch as an icon of (Neo)platonic nostalgia and as a marker of Flemish and -
SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8111 9 Simone De Beauvoir’S Groundbreaking Work Has Transformed the Way 20 We Think About Gender and Identity
1111 2 SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8111 9 Simone de Beauvoir’s groundbreaking work has transformed the way 20 we think about gender and identity. Without her 1949 text The Second 1 Sex, gender theory as we know it today would be unthinkable. A leading 2 figure in French existentialism, Beauvoir’s concepts of ‘becoming 3 woman’ and of woman as absolute ‘Other’ are among the most influ- 4 ential ideas in feminist enquiry and debate. 5 This book guides the reader through the main areas of Simone de 6 Beauvoir’s thought, including: 7 8 • Existentialism and ethics 9 • Gender and feminism 30111 • Literature and autobiography 1 • Sexuality, the body and ageing 2 3 Drawing upon Beauvoir’s literary and theoretical texts, this is the 4 essential guidebook for those approaching the work of this key thinker 5 for the first time. 6 7 Ursula Tidd is a lecturer in French at the University of Manchester, 8 and the author of Simone de Beauvoir, Gender and Testimony (1999). 3911 ROUTLEDGE CRITICAL THINKERS Series Editor: Robert Eaglestone, Royal Holloway, University of London Routledge Critical Thinkers is a series of accessible introductions to key figures in contemporary critical thought. With a unique focus on historical and intellectual contexts, each volume examines a key theorist’s: • significance • motivation • key ideas and their sources • impact on other thinkers Concluding with extensively annotated guides to further reading, Routledge Critical Thinkers are the student’s passport to today’s most exciting critical thought. -
GOING GLOBAL EXPORTING to BELGIUM a Guide for Clients
GOING GLOBAL EXPORTING TO BELGIUM A guide for clients #GlobalAmbition Capital Brussels Population 11.43m1 GDP per capita ¤35,3002 GDP growth (2018) 1.4%3 ANTWERPEN Unemployment rate 4 OOST-VLAANDEREN LIMBURG WEST-VLAANDEREN 5.7% VLAAMS - BRABANT Enterprise Ireland client exports (2018) BRABANT WALLON ¤467.5m HAINAUT LIEGE (Belgium & Luxemburg)5 NAMUR LUXEMBOURG 2 WHY EXPORT TO BELGIUM? Known as the heart of Europe, MANY IRISH COMPANIES ARE Belgium is a hub of international EXPORTING TO BELGIUM. WHAT’S cooperation and networking. STOPPING YOU? It is a country of three regions: Flanders, Wallonia One of the highest rates of and the Brussels-Capital Region, and has three official languages: Dutch, French and German. A Biotech R&D activity in the modern private enterprise economy, it is often EU13. Antwerp is the world’s viewed as a springboard into mainland Europe. second largest chemical Situated at the crossroads of three major cultures cluster after Heuston14. – Germanic, Roman and Anglo-Saxon - it is a good “test market” for companies looking to grow into the broader European markets by establishing a local Audiovisual services account presence or through trade. for 80% of Belgium’s Belgium has 16% of Europe’s Biotech6 industry creative service exports and and 19% of Europe’s pharmaceutical exports7. It 90% of its imports15. is incredibly successful given its modest size, by population and geography. The Belgian economy continues to grow at a modest Pharma and Life Sciences pace, mainly supported by robust growth in exports. has been a continuously It is ranked as the 11th largest export economy in the strong sector for Irish world, with a positive trade balance and its latest 16 fiscal reforms improving its attractiveness. -
Partitive Article
Book Disentangling bare nouns and nominals introduced by a partitive article IHSANE, Tabea (Ed.) Abstract The volume Disentangling Bare Nouns and Nominals Introduced by a Partitive Article, edited by Tabea Ihsane, focuses on different aspects of the distribution, semantics, and internal structure of nominal constituents with a “partitive article” in its indefinite interpretation and of potentially corresponding bare nouns. It further deals with diachronic issues, such as grammaticalization and evolution in the use of “partitive articles”. The outcome is a snapshot of current research into “partitive articles” and the way they relate to bare nouns, in a cross-linguistic perspective and on new data: the research covers noteworthy data (fieldwork data and corpora) from Standard languages - like French and Italian, but also German - to dialectal and regional varieties, including endangered ones like Francoprovençal. Reference IHSANE, Tabea (Ed.). Disentangling bare nouns and nominals introduced by a partitive article. Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020 DOI : 10.1163/9789004437500 Available at: http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:145202 Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version. 1 / 1 Disentangling Bare Nouns and Nominals Introduced by a Partitive Article - 978-90-04-43750-0 Downloaded from PubFactory at 10/29/2020 05:18:23PM via Bibliotheque de Geneve, Bibliotheque de Geneve, University of Geneva and Universite de Geneve Syntax & Semantics Series Editor Keir Moulton (University of Toronto, Canada) Editorial Board Judith Aissen (University of California, Santa Cruz) – Peter Culicover (The Ohio State University) – Elisabet Engdahl (University of Gothenburg) – Janet Fodor (City University of New York) – Erhard Hinrichs (University of Tubingen) – Paul M. -
'Talk Your Way out of Belgium!'
Master Thesis in International Business Strategy ‘Talk your way out of Belgium!’ A study on multilingualism in Belgium and its impact on an SME’s internationalisation Authors: Alena Kalb & Marijn Maas Supervisor: Richard Owusu Examiner: Per Servais Date: 23rd of May Academic term: Spring 2018 Subject: Business Administration with specialization in International Business Strategy, Degree Project Level: Master Course code: 4FE81E Abstract This thesis aims to connect the fields of multilingualism and internationalisation by studying language strategies of SMEs located in Belgium. Thereby the access to foreign networks in relation to internationalisation theories and the role of language capabilities and multilingualism is examined. This combination of different academic fields in international business and linguistics has previously not been studied satisfyingly and this research thus furthermore provides theoretical and managerial implications in this matter. Hence, this study addresses the briefly presented knowledge gap by answering the research question: What effect does the multilingualism in Belgium have on an SME’s internationalisation? The two following sub-research questions have been raised additionally to ensure the ability to answer the main research question: 1. What is the impact of the multilingualism in Belgium on an SME’s liability of foreignness when going international? 2. How does a language strategy support an SME’s internationalisation process and create a multilingual capability? Empirical data is collected both qualitatively by interviewing three Belgian SMEs and quantitatively by analysing secondary data of 30 Belgian company websites and their vacancy job postings, to provide answers to these questions. The findings are analysed by applying a conceptual framework, which was created by the authors. -
Comparative Review of the Foreign Language Learning History of a Japanese and a Flemish-Dutch Native Speaker
Comparative Review of the Foreign Language Learning History of a Japanese and a Flemish-Dutch native Speaker Masako Nishikawa-Van Eester, Nishogakusha University, Japan The Asian Conference on Language 2020 Official Conference Proceedings Abstract How we learn a foreign (second, third, fourth, …) language contains diverse approaches. It depends on, to the great extent, each learner’s personal background and aptitude such as the starting age, native language, motivation, goal(s), learning context, and life history. It is also dynamic, in the process of learning the target language, in a sense that 1) those previously mentioned factors can change longitudinally and 2) those factors are influenced by the community, society, culture and historical/geographical condition which the learner is originally attached to. What is reported in this qualitative research project is a twofold case study of two foreign language learners, one is a Japanese from Kobe, and the other is a Belgian from Flanders (the Dutch-speaking region). The former thus is a Japanese native speaker who also uses English and Dutch for her work and academic activities (together with her some knowledge of German, French and Afrikaans), and the latter is a Dutch native speaker who uses mainly Dutch, English and Japanese in business (with his background of learning Latin, German, French, Spanish and Portuguese). Through the observation and comparison of those two language learners – juxtaposing their similarities and contrasting the differences – we discover several pedagogical insights in language learning activities, which might be of help for those who struggle to learn foreign languages (specifically English as the first foreign language) in Japan. -
Casteau Handbook
CASTEAU HANDBOOK Military Family Services (Europe) www.cafconnection.ca/Europe Date published: Date revised: TABLE OF CONTENTS GREETINGS FROM YOUR MFS(E) TEAM ....................... 8 MFS(E) Services ............................................................................................... 8 European Advisory Committee ......................................................................... 10 Using This Guide ............................................................................................ 10 SOME HELPFUL RESOURCES ..................................... 12 OVERVIEW OF BELGIUM ........................................... 13 Map OF BELGIUM (with mons) ......................................................................... 13 Geography/Politics ......................................................................................... 14 Climate ......................................................................................................... 14 Languages ..................................................................................................... 14 Religion ........................................................................................................ 15 Canadian/Expat Community ............................................................................ 15 Cultural Nuances, Etiquette and Traditions ........................................................ 15 Public Holidays ............................................................................................... 16 Belgian public holidays -
University Entrance Language Tests: a Matter of Justice
LTJ0010.1177/0265532217706196Language TestingDeygers et al. 706196research-article2017 CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography /$1*8$*( Article 7(67,1* Language Testing 1 –28 University entrance language © The Author(s) 2017 Reprints and permissions: tests: A matter of justice sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532217706196DOI: 10.1177/0265532217706196 journals.sagepub.com/home/ltj Bart Deygers KU Leuven, Belgium Kris Van den Branden KU Leuven, Belgium Koen Van Gorp Michigan State University, USA Abstract University entrance language tests are often administered under the assumption that even if language proficiency does not determine academic success, a certain proficiency level is still required. Nevertheless, little research has focused on how well L2 students cope with the linguistic demands of their studies in the first months after passing an entrance test. Even fewer studies have taken a longitudinal perspective. Set in Flanders, Belgium, this study examines the opinions and experiences of 24 university staff members and 31 international L2 students, of whom 20 were tracked longitudinally. Attention is also given to test/retest results, academic score sheets, and class recordings. To investigate the validity of inferences made on the basis of L2 students’ scores, Kane’s (2013) Interpretation/ Use Argument approach is adopted, and principles from political philosophy are applied to investigate whether a policy that discriminates among students based on language test results can be considered just. It is concluded that the receptive language requirements of university studies exceed the expected B2 level and that the Flemish entrance tests include language tasks that are of little importance for first-year students. -
Population: Demographic Situation, Languages and Religions
Published on Eurydice (https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice) Demographic Situation Population On 1 January 2019 there were 77,527 people living in the German-speaking Community (2005: 72,512; 2010: 75,222). These inhabitants account for 0.7% of the total population of Belgium. At the same time, Belgium had 11,430,460 inhabitants (2005: 10,445,852; 2010: 10,839,905), of whom 1,208,542 (10.6%) lived in the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region, 6,589,069 (57.6%) in the Flemish Region and 3,633,795 (31.8%) in the Walloon Region. Thus, 2.1% of the inhabitants of the German- speaking area make up the population of the Walloon Region. The small size of the German-speaking Community is also noticeable: 846.1 km² represent 2.8% of Belgium (30,688.1 km²) or 5% of the Walloon Region (16,901.4 km²). The population density is obtained by combining the population figures with the total area. This shows the rural character of the German-speaking area: with a population density of 91 inhabitants per km², the German-speaking Community is well below that of the Walloon Region (216 inhabitants/km²), the Flemish Region (487 inhabitants/km²), the Brussels-Capital Region (7,489 inhabitants/km²) and thus also the population density of Belgium (374 inhabitants/km²). On 1 January 2019, the German-speaking Community had 16,341 foreigners, which is 21.1% of the population and well above the national average of 12.2%. This is due to the location of the German- speaking Community in a border area: the most represented foreign nationalities in the German- speaking area are Germany (14.5%) and the Netherlands (0.8%). -
Janne Bondi Johannessen (Ed.)
Oslo Studies in Language 3 (2) / 2011 Janne Bondi Johannessen (ed.) Language Variation Infrastructure Papers on selected projects Oslo Studies in Language General editors: Atle Grønn and Dag Haug Editorial board International: Henning Andersen, Los Angeles (historical linguistics) Östen Dahl, Stockholm (typology) Laura Janda, Tromsø/UNC Chapel Hill (Slavic linguistics, cognitive linguistics) Terje Lohndal, Maryland (syntax and semantics) Torgrim Solstad, Stuttgart (German linguistics, semantics and pragmatics) Arnim von Stechow, Tübingen (semantics and syntax) National: Johanna Barðdal, Bergen (construction grammar) Øystein Vangsnes, Tromsø (Norwegian, dialect syntax) Local: Cecilia Alvstad, ILOS (Spanish, translatology) Hans Olav Enger, ILN (Norwegian, cognitive linguistics) Ruth E. Vatvedt Fjeld, ILN (Norwegian, lexicography) Jan Terje Faarlund, CSMN, ILN (Norwegian, syntax) Cathrine Fabricius-Hansen, ILOS (German, contrastive linguistics) Carsten Hansen, CSMN, IFIKK (philosophy of language) Christoph Harbsmeier, IKOS (Chinese, lexicography) Hilde Hasselgård, ILOS (English, corpus linguistics) Hans Petter Helland, ILOS (French, syntax) Janne Bondi Johannessen, ILN, Text Laboratory (Norwegian, language technology) Kristian Emil Kristoffersen, ILN (cognitive linguistics) Helge Lødrup, ILN (syntax) Gunvor Mejdell, IKOS (Arabic, sociolinguistics) Christine Meklenborg Salvesen, ILOS (French linguistics, historical linguistics) Diana Santos, ILOS (Portuguese linguistics, computational linguistics) Ljiljana Saric, ILOS (Slavic linguistics) Bente Ailin Svendsen, ILN (second language acquisition) Oslo Studies in Language 3 (2) / 2011 Janne Bondi Johannessen (ed.) Language Variation Infrastructure Papers on selected projects Oslo Studies in Language, 3(2), 2011. Janne Bondi Johannessen (ed.): Language Variation Infrastructure. Papers on selected projects. Oslo, University of Oslo ISSN 1890-9639 © 2011 the authors Set in LATEX fonts Gentium Book Basic and Linux Libertine by Rune Lain Knudsen, Vladyslav Dorokhin and Atle Grønn. Cover design by UniPub publishing house. -
The Reception of the Second Sex in Europe
Feminisms and feminist movements The reception of The Second Sex in Europe Sylvie CHAPERON ABSTRACT From the date of its publication in France in May 1949 to the 2000s, the European reception of Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex—of which the French component is well known—gave rise to many debates and critiques in literary and political circles as well as among feminists. Its contents indeed challenged the dominant sexual order, and served as an invitation for the liberation of morals and gender equality. Neither the work nor its reception can be separated from the rest of the author’s work, or from her life, travels, and political commitments. Until the mid-1960s, the critical reception was closely linked to the international diffusion of French existentialism as well as the political and cultural logic of the Cold War. Feminist debates dominated from the 1960s to the 1980s, before the development of Beauvoirian studies led to a scholarly reevaluation of the book. In The Second Sex, which was published by Gallimard in 1949, Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986) directly attacked the dominant sexual order: she called for the liberalization of contraception and abortion, rehabilitated feminine homosexuality, emphasized the violence of sexual relations, and dispelled the myths of the maternal instinct, femininity, and maternity. The French reception of the lengthy essay was highly polemical. When one of the chapters appeared in the journal Les Temps Modernes in May 1949, François Mauriac (1885-1970) sparked a controversy in the literary supplement of the newspaper Figaro. He was indignant that the “literature of Saint- Germain-des-Prés” had reached the “limits of the abject” with the text entitled “Sexual Initiation of the young woman,” and encouraged Christian youth to react.