DOCSLIB.ORG

TA 8285-VAN: Energy Access Project -1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TA 8285-VAN: Energy Access Project -1 TA 8285-VAN: Energy Access Project -1 Draft Final Report – R0 Volume 3 - Feasibility Study of Sarakata-1 Extension Project 29 August 2014 Prepared by: SMEC International Pty Ltd Sarakata Hydropower Project - 2014 This page blank for double siding Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 2: FEASIBILITY STUDY OF SARAKATA-1 EXTENSION PROJECT Executive Summary 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Approach 4 1.3 Report Structure 4 2 Project Rationale 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.4 Luganville Power System 8 3 Project Area 10 3.1 Topography 10 3.2 Hydrology 10 3.3 Geology 14 4 Project Options 16 4.1 Project Options 16 4.2 Limitation to the extension 17 4.3 Project Options 24 4.4 Project Particulars Comparison 25 4.5 Recommended Option 28 5 The Proposed Project Arrangement 30 5.1 Project Description 30 5.2 Project Works 32 5.3 Energy 38 6 Environmental Assessment 39 6.1 Background 39 6.2 Project Description 39 6.3 Categorization 39 6.4 Implementation Arrangements 39 6.5 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 40 6.6 Environmental Management Plan 40 6.7 Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 40 6.8 Grievance Redress Mechanism 40 6.9 Conclusion and Recommendations 41 7 Social Assessment and Resettlement Plans 42 7.1 Introduction 42 7.2 Subproject Profile 42 7.3 Issues and Concerns 48 8 Cost Estimates and Financing Plan 52 8.1 Approach to Cost Estimates 52 8.2 Cost Estimates 52 8.3 Civil Costs 52 8.4 Summary of Cost Estimates 53 9 Financial Analysis 54 9.1 Introduction 54 9.2 Financial Assumptions 54 TA-8285 VAN: Energy Access Project | FS of Sarakata-1 Extension Project R0 | August 14 | Page | i Table of Contents 9.3 Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) 54 9.4 Financial Internal Rate of Return (FIRR) 55 10 Economic Analysis 56 10.1 Macroeconomic Context and Demand Analysis 56 10.2 Economic Valuation of Costs and Benefits 57 11 Project Implementation 59 11.1 Introduction 59 11.2 Access 59 11.3 Construction Material 59 11.4 Procurement Plan 59 11.5 Implementation Schedule 61 12 Conclusion and Recommendations 62 12.1 Conclusions 62 12.2 Recommendations 63 APPENDICES Appendix 1 Photographs 65 Appendix 2 Implementation Plan 67 Appendix 3 Drawings and Maps 69 Appendix 4 Hydrology 78 Appendix 5 Initial Environmental Examination 88 Appendix 6 Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan 185 Appendix 7 Cost Estimates 228 List of Tables Table 1: Luganville Historical Trends 8 Table 21 Characteristics of Sample Households in Santo Table 2 Luganville Energy and MD Projections 9 44 Table 3 CTF Survey Details 10 Table 22 Educational Attainment of Heads of Sample Table 4 Flow Duration Curve data for Sarakata River 13 Households in Santo 45 Table 5 Ratings of the Equipment 17 Table 23 Occupation of Head of Sample Households by Table 6 Discharge for Different Options 17 Gender, Santo 46 Table 7: Sarakata-1 Extension Options 17 Table 24 Contribution of Sources of Income to total annual Table 8 Potential Limits to Sarakata-1 Extension 17 sample HH Income, Santo 46 Table 9 Sarakata-1 Discharges and their Availability for Table 25 Share of various expenditure items to total Different Options 18 annual expenditures, Santo 47 Table 10 Maximum Height of the Dam 19 Table 26 Sample Households with Savings, Santo 47 Table 11 Headrace Sections 21 Table 27 Access to Basic Amenities in Santo 47 Table 12 Summary of the Limits to Sarakata-1 Extension Table 28 Willingness to Connect to Electricity, Santo 48 23 Table 29 Income and Poverty Status of Male and Female Table 13 Proposed Configurations of Sarakata-1 Extension Headed Household - Santo 48 26 Table 30 Land Requirement and Affected Persons in Table 14 Cost Estimates for Options 3A and 3B 28 Sarakata I &II 50 Table 15: Result of Financial Analysis 28 Table 31 Entitlement Matrix 51 Table 16 Arrangements for Recommended Option 29 Table 32 Implementation Schedule 51 Table 17 Major Works for Sarakata-1 Extension 31 Table 33 Sarakata-1 HPP Extension Cost Estimates 53 Table 18 Elevations at the Headworks 32 Table 34: Weighted Average Cost of Capital (all Projects) Table 19 Amendment to Headrace 34 54 Table 20 Distribution of Sample Households of Santo44 Table 35: Weighted Average Cost of Capital (SHPP-1 Only) 55 TA-8285 VAN: Energy Access Project | FS of Sarakata-1 Extension Project R0 | August 14 | Page | ii Table of Contents Table 36: Sensitivity Analysis 55 Table 40 Contract Packages and Procurement Methods Table 37: Summary of the Results of the Socio-economic 60 Survey 57 Table 41 Scope of Works in the Different Contract Table 38: Cost of Source of Lighting 58 Packages 60 Table 39: Sensitivity Analysis 58 List of Figures Figure 1 Project Location 3 Figure 14 Sarakata-1 Option 3A General Arrangement24 Figure 2 Flow Chart of the Approach taken in the Study4 Figure 15 Sarakata-1 Option 3B General Arrangement25 Figure 3 Sarakata River Catchment 11 Figure 16: 1800 kW and 1500 kW Sarakata 1 flow and Figure 4 Sarakata monthly rainfall distribution 12 generation duration curves 26 Figure 5 Flow Duration Curve for Sarakata River 13 Figure 17: Demand duration curves (hourly) 27 Figure 3 General Geological Map 15 Figure 18: Annual generation forecast 1800 kW and 1500 Figure 6 Sarakata-1 Discharge and their Availability for kW installed capacity 27 Different Options 18 Figure 19 Major Works for Sarakata-1 Extension 30 Figure 7 Sarakata-1 Dam 19 Figure 20 Rubber Dam 33 Figure 8 Generation from SHP-1 and Diesel in Year 2013 Figure 21 Amendment to Settling Basin 34 20 Figure 23: Sarakata 1 & 2 Transmission Configuration36 Figure 9 Headworks Arrangement at Sarakata-1 Dam20 Figure 24: 1500 kW Sarakata 1 Flow and Generation 38 Figure 10 Conveyance Capacity of Headworks 21 Figure 25: 1,500 kW Sarakata-1 Generation 38 Figure 11 Typical Headrace at Sarakata-1 HPP 21 Figure 22 Implementation Schedule 61 Figure 12 Headrace Channel Particulars 22 Figure 13 Sarakata-1 Forebay and Powerhouse Area22 Abbreviations and Acronyms ABC Aerial Bundled Conductor O&M Operation and Maintenance ADB Asian Development Bank O/H Overhead AEP Annual Exceedance Probability PCA Procurement Capacity Assessment ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission PEC Provincial Executive Committee and Reflection Radiometer PER Public Environmental Report BPEV Border Price Equivalent Value PFS Pre-feasibility Study CFO Chief Financial Officer PIC Pacific Island Countries CNO Coconut Oil PLC Programmable Logic Control CO2 Carbon Dioxide PMU Project Management Unit CPS Country Partnership Strategy PPA Power Purchase Agreement DFR Draft Final Report PPTA Project Preparation Technical Assistance DMF Design and Monitoring Framework PREP Provincial Renewable Energy Project DOE Department of Energy PV Photovoltaic EA Executing Agency RBOV Reserve Bank of Vanuatu FS Feasibility Study ROW Right of Way GOV Government of Vanuatu S1HPP Sarakata-1 Hydropower Project GPS Global Positioning System S2HPP Sarakata-2 Hydropower Project HDPE High Density Polyethylene SCADA System Control and Data Acquisition IA Implementing Agency SEMP Site-specific Environmental Management IPP Independent Power Producer Plan ITCZ Intertropical Convergence Zone SHPP Sarakata Hydropower Project LiDAR Light Detecting and Ranging SHPP-2 Sarakata-2 Hydropower Project LV Low Voltage (≤ 1000 V) SHS Solar Home System MAF Mean Annual Flood Peak Flow SMEC SMEC International Pty Ltd MOCC Ministry of Environment, Climate Change SOE State-Owned Enterprise and Disaster Management SOPAC Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience MOF Ministry of Finance Commission MOU Memorandum of Understanding SPO South Pacific Oil Ltd NASA National Aeronautics and Space SPV Special Purpose Vehicle Administration SWL Safe Working Load NGO Non-governmental Organisation T&D Transmission and Distribution NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory TA Technical Assistance TA-8285 VAN: Energy Access Project | FS of Sarakata-1 Extension Project R0 | August 14 | Page | iii Table of Contents TOR Terms of Reference VPMU Vanuatu Project Management Unit UNICEF United Nations International Children's WHO World Health Organisation Emergency Fund (or United Nations WHPP Wambu HPP Children's Fund) VEAP Vanuatu Energy Access Project-1 ADB Safeguards Terms AP Affected People HH House Holds DDR Due Diligence Report HHS House Hold Survey DD/SCAR Due Diligence / Social Compliance Audit IEE Initial Environmental Examination Report IP Indigenous Peoples EARF Environmental Assessment and Review IPP Indigenous Peoples Plan Framework IPPF Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework ECD Environmental and Conservation Division LA/RP Land Acquisition / Resettlement Plan EIA Environmental Impact Assessment PAP Project-affected Peoples EIS Environmental Impact Statement PSA Poverty and Social Assessments EMP Environmental Management Plan REA Rapid Environmental Appraisal ESMS Environmental and Social Management RP Resettlement Plan System SES Socioeconomic survey FAR Fish and Aquatic Report SPS Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) FGD Focus Group Discussion SPRSS Summary Poverty Reduction and Social GAP Gender Action Plan Strategy GFP Grievance Focal Point GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism Financial and Economic Terms EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return NPV Net Present Value ENPV Economic Net Present Value SERF Shadow Exchange Rate Factor EOCC Economic Opportunity Cost of Capital SoE Statements of Expenditure FIRR Financial Internal Rate of Return SWRF Shadow Wage Rate Factor FNPV Financial Net Present Value WACC Weighted Average Cost of Capital GDP Gross Domestic Product Glossary: Units AUD Australian Dollar masl metres above sea level GWh Giga-Watt-hour (109 watt-hour) M Mega = Million = 106 k kilo = thousand = 103 MVA Mega Volt-Ampere (106 Volt-Ampere) km kilometre MWh Mega Watt-hour (106 Watt-hour) kV kilovolt (103 volt) MW Mega-Watt (106 Watt) kVA kilo-Volt-Ampere (103 Volt-Ampere) pa per annum kW kilo Watt (103 Watt) VUV Vanuatu Vatu kWh kilo Watt-hour (103 Watt-hour) USD United States Dollar m³/s cubic metre per second (‘cumec’) TA-8285 VAN: Energy Access Project | FS of Sarakata-1 Extension Project R0 | August 14 | Page | iv Executive Summary Executive Summary I Introduction 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fifth National Report
    FIFTH NATIONAL REPORT Executive Summary Vanuatu is an array of 83 volcanic islands that were formed during the Miocene Era. Her geographical location means that Vanuatu’s biological diversity has developed commonalities with Pacific Island Countries in close proximity such as that of Fiji and Solomon Islands. Vanuatu is fundamentally an agricultural society, where the majority of the population is involved in farm and fishing activities, either for subsistence, livelihood or cash income. The Overarching Productive Sector Policy 2012-2017 also identifies agriculture, forestry and fisheries as priority areas for economic development. In 2013, the Vanuatu National Statistics Office estimated the population of Vanuatu to be 264,000 people, with 75% of the population living in the rural areas. A large portion of the population still depends heavily on the Vanuatu productive sector therefore, the Government has a crucial role to play in defining a policy and institutional framework which both enables and encourages good participation and high performance from all sector stakeholders. The country’s development goals and priorities in the Priorities and Action Agenda (PAA) 2006-2015 identify the productive sector as an engine for investment, economic growth and employment. The sector’s contribution to the overall economic growth has required a strategic commitment by the Government. This is so the Government can support and facilitate an enabling environment for private sector operators. The need to protect and conserve the resources that are critical elements of the productive sector saw Vanuatu commit itself internationally to the Convention on Biological Diversity in the 1992. Since its ratification of this Convention, Vanuatu has made significant progress in ensuring it meets all of its obligations.
    [Show full text]
  • NASA Satellites Eye Troublesome Tropical Cyclone Lusi 10 March 2014
    NASA satellites eye troublesome Tropical Cyclone Lusi 10 March 2014 The next day at 02:17 UTC, NASA's Aqua satellite passed over Lusi and captured infrared data on the storm that showed the thunderstorms rose high into the troposphere. The strongest thunderstorms had cloud top temperatures as cold as -63F/-52C. Multispectral satellite imagery showed that Lusi continued to consolidate and strong thunderstorms continue to develop. Those thunderstorms are wrapping into the center of circulation. NASA and JAXA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite provided a microwave look at Lusi at 05:31 UTC/1:31 a.m. EST and showed the system continues to consolidate. TRMM data showed bands of strong thunderstorms had wrapped tightly around the center, and that the bulk of the deep convection is within the storm's northwestern quadrant. Lusi has spawned several watches and warnings. In the Solomon Islands a tropical cyclone watch is in effect for Temotu, Makira, Rennell and Bellona, as well as the southern Guadalcanal and Malaita provinces. NASA's Terra satellite captured this visible image of Tropical Cyclone Lusi over Vanuatu on March 9 at 23:30 UTC. Credit: NASA Goddard MODIS Rapid Response Team Tropical Cyclone Lusi has spawned warnings and watches in the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Zealand as it moves through the South Pacific Ocean. NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites provided visible and infrared views of the storm that revealed it has become better organized. NASA's Terra satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Cyclone Lusi over Vanuatu on March 9 at On March 10 at 02:17 UTC, NASA's Aqua satellite 23:30 UTC.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Gender Analysis Cyclone Pam Vanuatu
    Photo Tom Perry, CARE Australia Rapid Gender Analysis Cyclone Pam Vanuatu 7 April 2015 Cyclone Pam In the aftermath of Cyclone Pam, Vanuatu has declared a State of Emergency across all six provinces. Shelter, food, health and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are key needs. The United Nations estimates that the majority of Vanuatu’s population, spread over 22 islands, has been affected by Tropical Cyclone Pam. Understanding the impact of Cyclone Pam on women, men, boys and girls is crucial to deliver an effective response. CARE’s Rapid Gender Analysis of Cyclone Pam in Vanuatu analyses the different needs, capacities, and coping strategies of women, men, boys and girls. CARE’s Rapid Gender Analysis is built-up progressively; using a range of primary and secondary information to understand how gender roles and relations may change during a crisis. CARE’s Rapid Gender Analysis of Cyclone Pam, including its recommendations, will be revised as more information becomes available. Gender Relations: Secondary Data Review Like other Melanesian and Pacific countries, gender disparities in Vanuatu are significant. Vanuatu is a geographically spread out, linguistically and ethnically diverse archipelago with small population centres in isolated areas, which means reaching and providing services to all communities is costly and logistically challenging. 80% of ni-Vanuatu live in rural areas and 70% of the working population aged 15 years and over work in subsistence agriculture. Vanuatu can be characterized as a patriarchal society (although there are some matrilineal societies in some northern and central islands) in which women continue to face, at times severe inequalities, in all spheres of life: social, cultural, economic and political.
    [Show full text]
  • Melanesia: Secrets 2017
    Melanesia Secrets Solomon Islands and Vanuatu 20th to 31st October 2017 (12 days) Trip Report White-headed Fruit Dove by Stephan Lorenz Trip report compiled by Tour Leader, Stephan Lorenz Rockjumper Birding Tours | Melanesia www.rockjumperbirding.com Trip Report – RBL Melanesia - Secrets 2017 2 Tour Summary Starting in the Solomon Islands and finishing in Vanuatu, the cruise explored some true secrets of Melanesia, including visits to incredibly remote islands that harbour many seldom-seen endemics. In total, we covered about 1,200 nautical miles, visited 11 islands with more than a dozen landings, and recorded 118 species of birds, with several rare species of bats also noted. At sea, we enjoyed several hours of excellent pelagic birding. The tour started on Guadalcanal, where we spent a morning in the classic birding spot of Mt Austen, gathering up a fine selection of widespread Solomon endemics, plus a Black-headed Myzomela – a Guadalcanal endemic. From here, we cruised north overnight to land on the rarely-visited and even more rarely birded San Jorge Island, where we caught up with the endemic Solomons Cuckooshrike and White- billed Crow, both sought-after species. The following day, we landed on mysterious Malaita, which holds some of the most remote and inaccessible highland areas in the Solomons. We enjoyed a morning birding Nendo Flying Fox by Stephan Lorenz along an easily accessible logging track, where the very rare Red-vested Myzomela was the highlight of the morning. The island of Makira is home to several endemics, and we set forth finding a good number of them, with Makira Honeyeater, an endemic genus, especially memorable.
    [Show full text]
  • Birding Melanesia 2015 Report by Adam Walleyn
    Melanesia Discover and Secrets of Melanesia: Birding Melanesia 2015 Report By Adam Walleyn Cardinal Lory pair. Copyright Adrian Hayward The 2015 Melanesian Birding trip was another great success. The year will probably long be remembered for one of the worst droughts ever and while the dry and windy conditions made birding more difficult than usual, we persevered and ended up with an incredible tally of endemics, many of them amongst the most poorly known birds in the world! This incredible itinerary takes in part of the north coast of Papua New Guinea and all of the main islands of the Bismarcks, Solomons and Vanuatu, along with many of the smaller ones. This region is one of the world’s most avian endemic-rich hotspots and is largely inaccessible and unvisited by birders. Amongst 267 species, highlights this year included Superb Pitta sitting right in the open, an unexpected Manus Fantail, one of the first observations of Mussau Triller, a stunning Solomons Nightjar, and incredible diversity of fruit doves (12 species), imperial pigeons (12 species), myzomelas (11 species) and of course white-eyes (10 species). The trip started off with a nice dinner in Madang and then our first of many early mornings to bird a patch of forest not far from town. Bird activity was great this morning and there were a number of fruiting trees which allowed good views of two species of birds of paradise - Lesser Bird of Paradise and Glossy-mantled Manucode. Other nice birds in the fruiting trees included Orange-bellied and Pink-spotted Fruit Dove, Zoe’s Imperial Pigeon, Orange-breasted Fig Parrot, and numerous Golden Myna.
    [Show full text]
  • MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO Diploma Thesis
    MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Declaration I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the placing of this thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at the Masaryk University and with the access for academic purposes. Brno, 30th March 2018 …………………………………………. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. for his kind help and constant guidance throughout my work. Bc. Lukáš Opavský OPAVSKÝ, Lukáš. Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis; Diploma Thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, English Language and Literature Department, 2018. XX p. Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Annotation The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of a corpus comprising of opening sentences of articles collected from the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia. Four different quality categories from Wikipedia were chosen, from the total amount of eight, to ensure gathering of a representative sample, for each category there are fifty sentences, the total amount of the sentences altogether is, therefore, two hundred. The sentences will be analysed according to the Firabsian theory of functional sentence perspective in order to discriminate differences both between the quality categories and also within the categories.
    [Show full text]
  • The Situation Information Bulletin Vanuatu: Tropical Cyclone Lusi
    Information Bulletin Vanuatu: Tropical Cyclone Lusi Information Bulletin n°1 Glide n° TC-2014-000033-VUT 18 March 2014 This bulletin is being issued for information only and reflects the current situation and details available at this time. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is not seeking funding or other assistance from donors for this operation. <click here to view the map of the affected area, or here for detailed contact information> The situation Tropical Cyclone (TC) Lusi formed as Tropical Depression 18F in the east of Penama Province Vanuatu early in the morning of Sunday, 9 March. At 09:00 hours local time on 10 March, Tropical Depression 18F was designated Category 1 TC Lusi by the Fiji Met Office. Category 1 TC Lusi passed across Northern Espiritu Santo in Sanma Province on late 10 March and early 11 March, crossing over Port Orly, Espiritu Santo, and then heading southeast approaching Ambae, Pentecost and Maewo in Penama Province. TC Lusi moved out of Vanuatu on the morning of 12 March moving over the Shepherd’s Group in Shefa Province as a Category 2 storm. Throughout Wednesday, 12 March, it continued to move away from Vanuatu as it strengthened into a Category 3 cyclone well east of the main islands in Tafea Province. From 9-12 March, TC Lusi affected approximately 20,000 people and caused 8 fatalities in Vanuatu. Many families had been evacuated before and during the cyclone, and as of 16 March the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) reported that 27 people were still in evacuation centres.
    [Show full text]
  • VANUATU: TROPICAL CYCLONE PAM April 2015
    Fall 08 Photo credit: Karina Coates | OCHA Second Phase Harmonized Assessment Report VANUATU: TROPICAL CYCLONE PAM April 2015 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS A. WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE KEY FINDINGS 1. Many communities cannot access safe water sources. An estimated 68% of the rainwater harvesting catchment structures are broken, 70% of the wells have been contaminated, and piped water systems have been damaged. Water quality is poor everywhere except Port Vila, resulting in a health risk. 2. 68% of the sanitation superstructures have been destroyed, resulting in an increase in open defecation, which was reported to be up to 45% in some places. Open defecation presents urgent health, protection and dignity risks to children, women, and vulnerable groups. 3. Only 30% of households report hand washing, posing a risk of communicable disease. Some bathing facilities are unsafe. KEY PRIORITIES 1. Provide immediate access to water supply through emergency water distribution and restoration of water systems. 2. Prevent the spread of diseases by providing hygiene messages, household water treatment and safe storage supplies and by ensuring household access to soap. 3. Ensure privacy and safe disposal of human faeces by restoring sanitation structures, complemented with sanitation promotion. 4. Ensure dignity and minimize protection risks by providing safe bathing facilities and access to sanitary protection materials for girls and women. 5. Restore protective environments at schools and health care facilities. B. SHELTER KEY FINDINGS 1. Many communities have received shelter assistance and are recovering fast. 2. Population and damage figures, especially in urban areas, are much higher than estimated. 3. Gaps in coverage remain, especially in Port Vila and Tanna Island.
    [Show full text]
  • 11 March 2014: Vanuatu – Tropical Cyclone LUSI
    11 March 2014: Vanuatu – Tropical Cyclone LUSI SITUATION Torres VANUATU Islands • Tropical Cyclone LUSI formed on 9 March over the northern islands of 11 March 6.00 UTC Vanuatu, in Torba province. 93km/h sust. winds TORBA Main Map • On 11 March, at 6.00 UTC, LUSI’s Banks centre was located over the islands Islands LUSI FIJI of Ambrym and Paama, in the central province of Malampa, and it was moving with a south-eastern direction. Its maximum sustained NEW wind speed was 93km/h and it was CALEDONIA slowly intensifying. SANMA Pentecost RAINFALL • Strong winds and heavy rainfall Espiritu (mm/7days) have been affecting most provinces Santo PENAMA 100 - 200 of northern Vanuatu since 9 March. Aoba 200 - 300 Weekly Rainfall WMO reports 154mm/24h on Espiritu Santo and 58mm/24h on Maewo 300 - 400 TRMM – 4-10 March > 400 Source: NASA Malekula, between 10 and 11 March. Malekula Ambrym • As of 11 March, UNOCHA and Australian media report one fatality Paama 11 March 6.00 UTC on the island of Pentecost in MALAMPA 93km/h sust. winds Penama province. Houses and crops Epi have been damaged by floods and strong winds throughout Vanuatu Shepard and an unknown number of people Islands have sought shelter in evacuation centres. SHEFA Efate LUSI • According to the data of 11 March, 6.00 UTC, in the next 24h, LUSI was Capital City forecasted to continue moving PROVINCES south-east, passing east of Shefa and Tafea provinces. According to Main Islands the country’s Meteorological Service, in the following 12h, TROPICAL CYCLONE POSITION Erromango damaging gale force winds will Observed position continue affecting Shefa, Malampa and the southern part of Penama Forecasted position province, while strong winds will TAFEA also affect Tafea province in the WIND BUFFER ZONES south, but will weaken in Sanma province in the north.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender and Protection Cluster Tropical Cyclone Pam Lessons Learned Workshop Report
    Ministry of Justice and Community Services Gender and Protection Cluster Tropical Cyclone Pam Lessons Learned Workshop Report 5 May 2015 Melanesian Hotel, Port Vila 1 1. Background to the Gender and Protection Cluster and TC Pam The cluster approach ensures clear leadership, predictability and accountability in international responses to humanitarian emergencies by clarifying the division of labour among organisations and better defining their roles and responsibilities within the different sectors of the response. It aims to make the international humanitarian community better organised and more accountable and professional, so that it can be a better partner for the affected people, host governments, local authorities, local civil society and local resourcing partners. The Gender & Protection Cluster in Vanuatu was formed on 13 March 2014 and is led by the Ministry of Justice and Community Services (MoJCS) and co-led by CARE International and Save the Children. The formation of the Gender and Protection Cluster coincided with Tropical Cyclone (TC) Lusi hitting Vanuatu and that response was the first time that gender and protection was considered as part of the assessment and response phases. The Gender and Protection cluster was active in the lead up and response to TC Pam. TC Pam struck Vanuatu on the evening of 13 March 2015. The category 5 cyclone caused widespread damage across five provinces of the archipelago – Shefa, Tafea, Malampa, Penama and Torba. The cyclone eye passed close to Efate Island in Shefa Province, where the capital Port Vila is located, with winds around 250 km per hour, and gusts peaking at 320 km per hour.
    [Show full text]
  • El Niño Alert Issued Humanitarian Bulletin
    Humanitarian Bulletin Pacific Islands July 2014 In this issue El Niño alert issued P.1 HIGHLIGHTS Recap of the disaster season P.2 • El Niño alert issued, with Tonga recovering from cyclone P.4 meteorologists estimating a 70 per cent chance of event Assessing the PHT response P.5 Credit: OCHA/E. McLeod developing by late 2014. • OCHA and the Pacific Humanitarian Team El Niño alert issued What is El Niño? responded to five The Australian Bureau of Meteorology has issued El Niño events occur every three to emergencies between an El Niño alert and is estimating a 70 per cent seven years and refer to the El Niño November 2013 and May chance of an El Niño event by late 2014. Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a large- scale warming of sea-surface 2014. Northeast trade winds and sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific temperature anomalies have been evident since • Recovery efforts in cyclone- Ocean and weaker than normal trade February. A large expanse of warm water is affected Tonga include a winds. currently located along the equator and moving cash-for-work programme eastwards, with temperatures one to two degrees During El Niño events, east to west focusing on food security and Celsius higher than average. Some forecasters trade winds weaken, leading to a rise in sea surface temperatures east of were initially expecting the El Niño event to be debris management. Indonesia which then move eastwards • A study of the Pacific similar in impact to record temperatures along the equatorial Pacific. As a experienced in 1997 and 1998, but is now not Humanitarian Team result, waters in the large central and expected to be as strong as first predicted.
    [Show full text]
  • Secrets of Melanesia 20 – 31 October 2017
    Secrets of Melanesia 20 – 31 October 2017 Annotated List of species recorded Note: Number in brackets ( ) indicate number of days on the tour the species was recorded. List powered through the report generator of our partner iGoTerra. Visited locations Ambrym Island, Mt. Austen, San Jorge Island, Malaita Island Road, Makira I, Nendo, Taumako Duff Islands, Vanikoro Island, Sola, Vanua Lava, Torba Province, Vatthe Conservation Area. Birds (118 in total: 113 seen, 5 heard) Nomenclature and taxonomy follows Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). 2017. IOC World Bird List (v 7.3). Status codes: E = Endemic, NE = Near-endemic, I = Introduced IUCN codes: CR = Critically endangered, EN = Endangered, VU = Vulnerable, EW = Extinct in the Wild, NT = Near Threatened, DD = Data Deficient Megapodes Megapodiidae Melanesian Megapode Megapodius eremita (2) 2 heard Mt. Austen 21.10 and 2 heard Makira I 24.10. Heard only along the road at Mt. Austen and distantly on Makira Island. Vanuatu Megapode (VU) Megapodius layardi (1) 1 heard Vatthe Conservation Area 29.10. Heard only, but we saw a nest mound in the Vatthe Conservation Area on Santo. Pheasants, Grouse, and Allies Phasianidae Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus (1) 10 heard Vatthe Conservation Area 29.10. This introduced species seems to be doing well in the Vatthe Conservation Area on Santo where we heard many. Austral Storm Petrels Oceanitidae Wilson's Storm Petrel Oceanites oceanicus (1) 1 en route 24.10. Only one seen as it came alongside the ship. Shearwaters and Petrels Procellariidae Tahiti Petrel (NT) Pseudobulweria rostrata trouessarti (1) 1 en route 24.10. Late in the evening one flew right in front of the ship for great close views.
    [Show full text]