Friends with Benefits a Report on Australia’S International Co-Production Program Australia’S Co-Production Program Has Resulted in 132 Co-Productions to Date
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Friends with benefits A report on Australia’s International Co-production Program Australia’s co-production program has resulted in 132 co-productions to date. canada, the UK and france represent the highest level of activity. feature films make up the largest proportion and have been the most consistently produced format. However, children’s programs – animation in particular – have increased since the mid-1990s. © Screen Australia 2012 ISBN: 978-1-920998-18-9 The text in this report is released subject to a Creative Commons BY licence (Licence). This means, in summary, that you may reproduce, transmit and distribute the text, provided that you do not do so for commercial purposes, and provided that you attribute the text as extracted from Screen Australia’s Friends with benefits: A report on Australia's International Co-production Program. You must not alter, transform or build upon the text in this report. Your rights under the Licence are in addition to any fair dealing rights which you have under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cwlth). For further terms of the Licence, please see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/3.0/. You are not licensed to reproduce, transmit or distribute any still photographs contained in this report. Screen Australia is grateful to all those that contributed data to the compilation of this report. The data provided in this survey has been drawn from a number of sources. Screen Australia has undertaken all reasonable measures to ensure its accuracy and therefore cannot accept responsibility for inaccuracies and omissions. Cover picture: Bright Star (feature, Australia/UK) screened in Competition at Cannes in 2009, and had multiple international festival screenings including Pusan, Telluride and Toronto. It was nominated for Best Film at the London Film Festival, won three AFI Awards, and an Oscar® nomination for Best Costume in 2009. It went on to make 54 international sales. ifc2 Contents OVERVIEW 3 WHY CO-PRODUCE? 4 The opportunities 4 The challenges 5 TRENDS IN CO-PRODUCTIONS 6 Looking back: international co-productions in Australia 6 By format 8 TV programs: children's vs adults' 10 Co-productions as part of the Australian production landscape 11 Budget ranges 12 International release of feature co-productions 12 A closer look: co-productions by partner country 13 Balancing financial and creative contributions 14 A SUmmary OF Australia'S CO-PRODUCTION partners 16 partner PROFILES 18 the rAiLwAY MAn (feature, Australia/UK) commenced production in may 2012. Shooting in Australia, the UK and Thailand throughout 2012, the film is due for release in 2013. Friends with beneFits | Screen A UStrAliA 1 the sAddLe CLub The first two series ofThe Saddle Club (children’s TV drama, Australia/Canada) were made in the early 2000s, with a third series returning in 2007 due to popular demand. The series has screened throughout Europe and North America, as well as on Australian free-to- air and subscription TV, and has generated sales of videos, music CDs and other merchandise. KeY terMs • Animation is an animated production and updated where possible by contacts made for television. Excludes animated at the relevant competent authorities • An Australian co-production is a project features which are included with feature (as listed in table on page 16). that has received approval by both films (see above). • Commentary was informed by Screen Australia and the relevant foreign • A documentary is a program that is a interviews with Australian producers competent authority, as having complied creative treatment of actuality other with experience in international co- with the provisions of the co-production than a news or current affairs, sports productions. Screen Australia would like arrangement (treaty or memorandum of coverage, magazine, infotainment, or to thank the following people for their understanding) between Australia and light entertainment program. Includes assistance: Denise Anderson, Mario the co-producing country. documentaries made for both television Andreacchio, Sasha Burrows, Gillian • A treaty is a formal arrangement and cinema release. Carr, Kate Christiansen, Stu Connolly, between the governments of two or more • Analysis of total number and total Justine Flynn, Alan Harris, Chris Hilton, countries. budgets includes all projects that started Simone Nicholson, Suzanne Ryan, Emile • A memorandum of understanding shooting during the financial year, with Sherman and Avrill Stark. (MOU) is an arrangement between the full budget allocated to the date • Sources for information on international governments or government agencies of principal photography starts; budgets are partners: Berlinale Co-production Market two or more countries. While an MOU has not apportioned across the duration of Project Catalogue 2012; Cannes Film less-than-treaty status, in Australia in the project. Market – Funds Book 2011; Cannes the context of film co-productions, it has World Film Market Trends 2012, CIA the same practical and regulatory effect MethodoLogY World Factbook; Council of Europe as a treaty. website; Eurimages website; European • Competent authority means the • This publication reports on the production of feature films and TV Audiovisual Observatory (Susan Newman authorities designated as such by and Korda database); German Federal the Australian Government (Screen programs that have been approved by Screen Australia as co-productions Film Board; PwC Outlook – International Australia) and by the foreign government Edition; Screen Digest; Screen of each co-production country (listed through the International Co-production Program. International Soft Money Guide 2010; on page 16). The competent authority in TBI Yearbook 2012. each country administers that country’s • Figures are reported by the financial year in which production commenced. • Further information on Australia’s co-production program. International Co-production Program • A feature film is a film made for • It includes projects that have received provisional approval only. available at: www.screenaustralia.gov.au/ cinema release which is 60 minutes or coproductions longer, including animated features but • It excludes projects that had not commenced principal photography • Figures on total Australian drama and excluding feature documentaries (see documentary production are at: www. below). by 17 May 2012, and are unlikely to commence before 30 June 2012. screenaustralia.gov.au/research/prod_ • A tV drama is a live-action drama industry.aspx program for adults or children, including • Information on international partner countries has been gathered from a • All figures in Australian dollars except series, mini-series and telemovies. where specified. Excludes animated TV drama (see range of sources (see list below), verified below). 2 Friends with benefits: A report on Australia's International Co-production Program, analyses the activity of the Australian co-production program since its inception in 1986, and explores the opportunities and challenges of international co-productions for Australian producers. It also presents information on Australia’s 11 international co-production partners, including factors influencing their patterns of activity with Australia and within the international co-production landscape more generally. Overview Australia is part of a network of countries that provide (2007) and South Africa (2010). To date, the program formal arrangements to enable films and TV programs has resulted in 132 co-productions. Australia is to be officially co-produced between two or more currently negotiating co-production treaties with India, countries. These formal arrangements may take the Denmark, malaysia and the Republic of Korea. form of a treaty or a memorandum of understanding The benefits of international co-productions vary, (mOU). depending on the partner country’s available funding, All references to co-productions throughout this areas of expertise and treaty guidelines. In order to report refer to ‘official’ or ‘treaty’ co-productions made achieve co-production status, a film or program needs through these formal arrangements. to comply with the terms of the relevant co-production Governments in many countries have negotiated arrangement, with approval granted from each international co-production treaties for economic, participating country. Each country has a ‘competent cultural and diplomatic purposes. By uniting two authority’ responsible for assessing and approving countries with similar objectives, co-productions projects as co-productions, in accordance with the create benefits for both partners. They can provide requirements set out in the agreements. Screen a means to produce content of a quality and scale to Australia is the competent authority responsible compete in the international marketplace with US for administering the International Co-production programming, particularly for those countries with Program in Australia. small local production industries. erKY PerKY This is achieved primarily through the sharing of costs There have been via access to funding from all participating territories. three series and 78 Co-productions also facilitate wider distribution of episodes of Erky Perky content to multiple markets, and have the potential to (children’s animation, foster creative collaborations and encourage long- Australia/Canada). It term international relationships between producers. has been nominated Since Australia’s International Co-production for awards at Stuttgart Program began in 1986, treaties