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ODONTOCETES: THE TOOTHED The 72 of toothed whales are listed below by the categories of threat of the IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM

Lipotes vexillifer sinus hectori Platanista gangetica Neophocaena phocaenoides brevirostris macrocephalus (CR/EX) (CR) Hector‘s (EN) South Asian (EN) Finless (VU) (VU) Sperm (VU)

Ayeyarwady, Mahakam and River, C. h. maui (CR) Yangtse subspecies N. p. asiaeorientalis (EN) Malampaya Sound and subpopulations (CR)

Pontoporia blainvillei Sousa teuszii Cephalorhynchus eutropia Delphinapterus leucas Monodon monoceros Orcaella heinsohni Sousa chinensis Franciscana (VU) Atlantic (VU) (NT) whale (NT) (NT) Australian snubfi n dolphin (NT) Indo-Pacifi c humpback dolphin (NT)

Cook Inlet subpopulation (CR) Eastern Strait subpopulation (CR)

Delphinus delphis Grampus griseus Hyperoodon planifrons Lagenodelphis hosei acutus Lagenorhynchus albirostris Lagenorhynchus cruciger Short-beaked (LC) Risso‘s dolphin (LC) Southern (LC) Fraser‘s dolphin (LC) Atlantic -sided dolphin (LC) White-beaked dolphin (LC) (LC)

Black subspecies D. d. ponticus (VU) Mediterranean subpopulation (EN)

Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Lissodelphis borealis Peponocephala electra Phocoenoides dalli Phocoena phocoena attenuata Stenella coeruleoalba Pacifi c white-sided dolphin (LC) Northern right-whale dolphin (LC) -headed whale (LC) Dall‘s porpoise (LC) (LC) Pantropical (LC) (LC)

Black Sea subspecies P. p. relicta (EN) subpopulation (CR)

Steno bredanensis Tursiops truncatus Ziphius cavirostris arnuxii Berardius bairdii Cephalorhynchus commersonii Cephalorhynchus heavisidii Rough-toothed dolphin (LC) Common (LC) Cuvier‘s (LC) Arnoux´s beaked whale (DD) Baird‘s beaked whale (DD) Commerson‘s dolphin (DD) Heaviside‘s dolphin (DD)

Black Sea subspecies T. t. ponticus (EN)

Delphinus capensis Feresa attenuata Globicephala macrorhynchus Globicephala melas Hyperoodon ampullatus Indopacetus pacifi cus geoffrensis Long-beaked common dolphin (DD) Pygmy (DD) Short-fi nned (DD) Long-fi nned pilot whale (DD) Northern bottlenose whale (DD) Longman‘s beaked whale (DD) dolphin (DD)

Kogia breviceps sima Lagenorhynchus australis Lagenorhynchus obscurus Lissodelphis peronii Mesoplodon bidens Mesoplodon bowdoini Pygmy (DD) (DD) Peale‘s dolphin (DD) (DD) Southern right-whale dolphin (DD) Sowerby‘s beaked whale (DD) Andrews‘ beaked whale (DD)

Mesoplodon carlhubbsi Mesoplodon densirostris Mesoplodon europaeus Mesoplodon ginkgodens Mesoplodon grayi Mesoplodon hectori Mesoplodon layardii Hubbs‘ beaked whale (DD) Blainville‘s beaked whale (DD) Gervais‘ beaked whale (DD) Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (DD) Gray‘s beaked whale (DD) Hector‘s beaked whale (DD) Strap-toothed beaked whale (DD)

Mesoplodon mirus Mesoplodon perrini Mesoplodon peruvianus Mesoplodon stejnegeri Mesoplodon traversii orca Phocoena dioptrica True‘s beaked whale (DD) Perrin‘s beaked whale (DD) Peruvian beaked whale (DD) Stejneger‘s beaked whale (DD) Spade-toothed beaked whale (DD) Killer whale (DD) (DD)

Phocoena spinipinnis crassidens fl uviatilis Sotalia guianensis Stenella clymene Stenella frontalis Stenella longirostris Burmeister‘s porpoise (DD) (DD) (DD) (DD) (DD) (DD) (DD)

Eastern Pacifi c subspecies S. l. orientalis (VU)

Tasmacetus shepherdi Tursiops aduncus Red List Category: Toothed whales They emit focussed echolocation signals through a In 2006, a dedicated expedition failed to detect any Shepherd‘s beaked whale (DD) Indo-Pacifi c bottlenose dolphin (DD) specialised organ above their upper jaw, called the live specimens of the Baiji in the river sys- The toothed whales form an extraordinary group of melon, and receive echoes from objects through the tem and the species is now believed to be extinct. Possibly Extinct Near Threatened (NT) marine , ranging in size over several orders lower jaw and inner ear. Their large refl ect their Current estimates for the Vaquita population in the of magnitude from the smallest harbour in capability of processing complex acoustic informati- Northern Gulf of are less than 150 (CR) Least Concern (LC) the Black Sea (1.3 m long and 45 kg) to the cosmo- on, to navigate and to detect fi sh, and and extinction may occur within the next few . politan sperm whale (18 m long, 57,000 kg). even in completely dark or turbid waters. This poster shows for the fi rst time all the toothed As opposed to whales, the toothed whales Toothed whales are threatened by a multitude of whales sorted according to the threat level they Endangered (EN) Data Defi cient (DD) have jaws with teeth and only a single . They activities. Many populations were hunted to are faced with. It may be surprising to note that our occur in a wide range of marine and freshwater habi- near extinction, and others continue to be hunted lo- knowledge on the majority of toothed whales (57%) Vulnerable (VU) (based on the 2008 Cetacean Update of the IUCN) tats, from the to the tropics and some species cally at unsustainable levels even today. Habitat de- even today is too limited to decide whether a species live in large river systems such as the Amazon, Gan- gradation, including pollution by an ever increasing is threatened or not. ges, Indus and Yangtze. cocktail of persistent pollutants and noise from mili- The full species reports can be found at www.cms. They rely on air to breathe and some, such as the tary and industrial activities as well as shipping, is of int. The Convention on the Conservation of Migra- sperm whale, can hold their breath for over one hour increasing concern. tory Species of Wild Animals (also known as CMS and dive several thousand metres deep to fi nd and The most serious threat to the toothed whales to- or Bonn Convention) is an international treaty which capture prey. All the members of this group are very day, however, is ongoing and unsustainable mortali- aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migra- vocal, using sound to identify themselves, to com- ty in fi shing operations. They become entangled and tory species throughout their range. The United Na- municate and to echolocate. caught in gillnets, traps, trawls and other gear and tions Environment Programme (UNEP) provides the subsequently drown. Some populations also suffer Secretariat of the Convention. from prey depletion due to overfi shing. Full species reports: www.cms.int

www.cms.int www.ascobans.org www.accobams.org www.wwf.org www.loroparque-fundacion.org www.iucnredlist.org www.cbd.int

Idea & design: Boris Culik www.fh3.de Cetacean drawings: Mauricio Würtz www.artescienza.org SSpeciespecies distributiondistribution maps:maps: www.iucnredlist.orgwww.iucnredlist.org