Chap 5, Conclusion 1. "The Most Gigantic Electrical Experiment"
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Uncovering the Underground's Role in the Formation of Modern London, 1855-1945
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--History History 2016 Minding the Gap: Uncovering the Underground's Role in the Formation of Modern London, 1855-1945 Danielle K. Dodson University of Kentucky, [email protected] Digital Object Identifier: http://dx.doi.org/10.13023/ETD.2016.339 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Dodson, Danielle K., "Minding the Gap: Uncovering the Underground's Role in the Formation of Modern London, 1855-1945" (2016). Theses and Dissertations--History. 40. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/40 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the History at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--History by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. -
Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16
Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16:57:32 Desc Main Document Page 1 of 137 Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16:57:32 Desc Main Document Page 2 of 137 Exhibit A Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16:57:32 Desc Main Document Page 3 of 137 Exhibit A1 Served via Overnight Mail Name Attention Address 1 Address 2 City State Zip Country Aastha Broadcasting Network Limited Attn: Legal Unit213 MezzanineFl Morya LandMark1 Off Link Road, Andheri (West) Mumbai 400053 IN Abs Global LTD Attn: Legal O'Hara House 3 Bermudiana Road Hamilton HM08 BM Abs-Cbn Global Limited Attn: Legal Mother Ignacia Quezon City Manila PH Aditya Jain S/O Sudhir Kumar Jain Attn: Legal 12, Printing Press Area behind Punjab Kesari Wazirpur Delhi 110035 IN AdminNacinl TelecomunicacionUruguay Complejo Torre De Telecomuniciones Guatemala 1075. Nivel 22 HojaDeEntrada 1000007292 5000009660 Montevideo CP 11800 UY Advert Bereau Company Limited Attn: Legal East Legon Ars Obojo Road Asafoatse Accra GH Africa Digital Network Limited c/o Nation Media Group Nation Centre 7th Floor Kimathi St PO Box 28753-00100 Nairobi KE Africa Media Group Limited Attn: Legal Jamhuri/Zaramo Streets Dar Es Salaam TZ Africa Mobile Network Communication Attn: Legal 2 Jide Close, Idimu Council Alimosho Lagos NG Africa Mobile Networks Cameroon Attn: Legal 131Rue1221 Entree Des Hydrocarbures Derriere Star Land Hotel Bonapriso-Douala Douala CM Africa Mobile Networks Cameroon Attn: Legal BP12153 Bonapriso Douala CM Africa Mobile Networks Gb, -
Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress Govind P
177 8 Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress Govind P. Agrawal 8.1 Historical Perspective – 178 8.2 Basic Concepts Behind Optical Communication – 181 8.2.1 Optical Transmitters and Receivers – 181 8.2.2 Optical Fibers and Cables – 182 8.2.3 Modulations Formats – 184 8.2.4 Channel Multiplexing – 185 8.3 Evolution of Optical Communication from 1975 to 2000 – 187 8.3.1 The First Three Generations – 187 8.3.2 The Fourth Generation – 188 8.3.3 Bursting of the Telecom Bubble in 2000 – 190 8.4 The Fifth Generation – 191 8.5 The Sixth Generation – 192 8.5.1 Capacity Limit of Single-Mode Fibers – 193 8.5.2 Space-Division Multiplexing – 194 8.6 Worldwide Fiber-Optic Communication Network – 195 8.7 Conclusions – 197 References – 198 G.P. Agrawal (*) The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, USA e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s) 2016 M.D. Al-Amri et al. (eds.), Optics in Our Time, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2_8 178 G.P. Agrawal 8.1 Historical Perspective The use of light for communication purposes dates back to antiquity if we interpret optical communication in a broad sense, implying any communication scheme that makes use of light. Most civilizations have used mirrors, fire beacons, or smoke signals to convey a single piece of information (such as victory in a war). For example, it is claimed that the Greeks constructed in 1084 B.C. a 500-km-long line of fire beacons to convey the news of the fall of Troy [1]. -
Radio Science Bulletin Staff
INTERNATIONAL UNION UNION OF RADIO-SCIENTIFIQUE RADIO SCIENCE INTERNATIONALE ISSN 1024-4530 Bulletin No 360 March 2017 Radio Science URSI, c/o Ghent University (INTEC) St.-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Contents Radio Science Bulletin Staff ....................................................................................... 4 URSI Offi cers and Secretariat.................................................................................... 7 Editor’s Comments ..................................................................................................... 9 Special Section: The Best Papers from the EMTS 2016 Young Scientist Awards 11 Sub-Voxel Refi nement Method for Tissue Boundary Conductivities in Volume Conductor Models ................................................................................... 13 How Kerr Nonlinearity Infl uences Polarized Electromagnetic Wave Propagation ................................................................................................. 19 Sum-Frequency and Second-Harmonic Generation from Plasmonic Nonlinear Nanoantennas ...................................................................................... 43 Hornet Biological Radar for Detection, Tracking, Direction Finding, and Long Distance Communication: Is This Possible? ............................................. 50 Foreword to Radio Science for Humanity: URSI-France 2017 Workshop ......... 60 URSI France 2017 Workshop on Radio Science for Humanity ............................ 62 Journées scientifi ques URSI-France 2017 -
The Early History of Telegraphy
VOLUME 26 268 PHILIPS TECHNICAL REVIEW The early history of telegraphy G. R. M. Garratt 621.394(091) It has been said that the history of the art of commu- cian in The Hague tried to explain the causes of the .nication is the history of the human race. While such astonishing military successes of the French which had a statement is perhaps too sweeping, it is undoubtedly occurred in the meantime, he mentioned several factors: a fact that the development of communication is an in- " ... courage, aided by inventiveness which yielded the tegral part ofthe growth of civilization, Every improve- useful telegraph, the application of the balloon, an ample ment in the speed and facility with which thoughts production of saltpetre and ingenious strategic plans" [11. and ideas can be exchanged has had its social or econo- It is certainly not without significanee that it was the mic effect, and we can appreciate fully the significanee telegraph, the device which had permitted coordina- and trend of historical, social and political develop- tion of efforts on different fronts, which was given ments only if we view them against the background of priority of mention in this quotation. The telegraph the contemporary state of the art of communication. referred to was the visual telegraph or Semaphore Momentous changes in the art of communication devised by Claude Chappe. were initiated in the first half of the 19th century, and Claude Chappe - nephew of a well-known astron- in the context of this special issue of Philips Technical omer- had shown a keen interest in science when still Review it seems worth while to give some attention to a young man and had published several articles in the this most interesting period. -
Brunel : the Man Who Built the World Pdf, Epub, Ebook
BRUNEL : THE MAN WHO BUILT THE WORLD PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Steven Brindle | 208 pages | 20 Apr 2021 | Orion Publishing Co | 9780753821251 | English | London, United Kingdom Brunel : The Man Who Built the World PDF Book The West End Museum. The Importance of Being Earnest. Bibliografische Informationen. Branch Home. After a hard day spent in preparing and delivering evidence, and a hasty dinner, he would attend consultations till a late hour; and then, secure against interruption, sit down to his papers, and draw specifications, write letters or reports, or make calculations all through the night. The patented system came from shipbuilders and engineers Joseph and Jacob Samuda who, along with gas engineer Samuel Clegg, were able to produce encouraging tests in London. At just over 5ft 1. The title, at first, seems impossibly hyperbolic, because it is: Isambard Kingdom Brunel did not, in fact, build the world. When he returned to England his father was working on an ambitious project to build a tunnel under the River Thames and Brunel joined him as his apprentice. Brunel took up the call and constructed a wooden and canvas pre-fabricated hospital that so greatly improved sanitary conditions that deaths were said to have fallen by ten times the usual amount. Hawking's warnings: What he predicted for the future. Although the son was never knighted, the father became Sir Marc in He desperately sought affirmation through his work, craving public approval rather than fame. In his talk, Robert Hulse will examine Brunel as not only as visionary engineer, but also as showman. Having read the book I have concluded that Brunel was a genius and I do not use that word lightly. -
Implementing Secure Applications Thanks to an Integrated Secure Element
Implementing Secure Applications Thanks to an Integrated Secure Element Sylvain Guilley1;2;3 a, Michel Le Rolland4 and Damien Quenson4 1Secure-IC S.A.S., Tour Montparnasse, 27th floor, 75015 Paris, France 2TELECOM-Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau, France 3École Normale Supérieure, 45 rue d’Ulm, Département d’informatique, CNRS, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France 4Secure-IC S.A.S. Headquarters, 15 rue Claude Chappe, Bât. B, 35510 Cesson-Sévigné, France Keywords: Integrated Secure Element, Host Protection, Certification Schemes, Security Flexibility, Internet of Things. Abstract: More and more networked applications require security, with keys managed at the end-point. However, tradi- tional Secure Elements have not been designed to be connected. There is thus a need to bridge the gap, and novel kinds of Secure Elements have been introduced in this respect. Connectivity has made it possible for a single chip to implement multiple usages. For instance, in a smart- phone, security is about preventing the device from being rooted, but also about enabling user’s online privacy. Therefore, Secure Elements shall be compatible with multiple requirements for various vertical markets (e.g., payment, contents protection, automotive, etc.). The solution to this versatility is the integration of the Secure Element within the device main chip. Such approach, termed iSE (integrated Secure Element), consists in the implementation of a subsystem, endowed to manage the chip security, within a host System-on-Chip. The iSE offers flexibility in the security deployment. However, natural questions that arise are: how to pro- gram security applications using an iSE? How to certify those applications, most likely according to several different schemes? This position paper addresses those questions, and comes up with some key concepts of on-chip security, in terms of iSE secure usage. -
Telegraph: Early Postal Role
Telegraph: Early Postal Role Before the 1830s, a "telegraph" was any system of sending messages over a distance without a physical exchange between the sender and receiver. The few telegraph systems then in operation were "optical telegraphs" — they did not transmit messages electronically, but visually, with people receiving and sending visible signals.1 Although chains of relay towers extended the reach of transmissions, optical telegraphs could not be used at night or in bad weather. Congressional Interest in Telegraphs In February 1837, Congress asked Secretary of the Treasury Levi Woodbury to investigate and report on the "propriety of establishing a system of telegraphs for the United States."2 This request was due at least in part to a petition of Captain Samuel C. Reid to establish a national telegraph system the month before.3 On March 10, 1837, Woodbury sent out a written request for information to knowledgeable persons. He received more than a dozen replies, including one from Samuel F. B. Morse, an art professor at New York University. All but one respondent discussed the feasibility of installing optical telegraphs along the country's coast lines. Morse, however, enthused at length about an "entirely new mode of telegraphic communication," one he conceived during an ocean voyage five years earlier — an electromagnetic telegraph.4 In a letter of September 27, 1837, Morse informed Woodbury that his electromagnetic telegraph would work "at any moment, irrespective of the time of day or night, or state of the weather," noting that "this single point" established "its superiority to all other modes of telegraphic communication now known." Another point in its favor was its ability to record messages, which meant messages could be received even if the device was unattended. -
In This Issue
58 j u l y Voice 2011 of the ISSN 1948-3031 Industry Regional Systems Edition In This Issue: The State of Submarine Cables in Africa The Communications Blockade SubOptic 2013 – April in Paris ISSN 1948-3031 Submarine Telecoms Forum is published bimonthly by WFN Strategies. The publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, in whole or in part, very year at this time I have a the placement of the maillot jaune on a without the permission of the publishers. problem of focus. Since the 2nd Frenchmen on Bastille Day in real time Submarine Telecoms Forum is an independent com mercial publication, of July my mind has found it while sitting at my desk in Virginia serving as a freely accessible forum for E difficult to stay concentrated on the job seems not only fitting, but also makes one professionals in industries connected with submarine optical fibre technologies and at hand. Emails have gone unanswered; mindful of the things we in our industry techniques. phone messages have not been promptly make possible every day. Liability: while every care is taken in preparation of this publication, the actioned; the staff has noticed a certain publishers cannot be held responsible for So, call or email after the 24th and I promise the accuracy of the information herein, or vacuous look in my eyes. Even a week at any errors which may occur in advertising to be more attentive and engaged. In the or editorial content, or any consequence the beach has not positively impacted. arising from any errors or omissions. -
The Adventurous Story of the Mechanical Internet | 179 180 | Titolo Dell'articolo 20
The adventurousPozzi a Venezia story of the“Dolce mechanical e chiara co fa un specchio” Testo e foto InternetBruno Berti Chappe’s revolutionary optical telegraph Massimo Marchiori 17 17 Nella guerra t is generally believed that the first tel- di Crimea il 9 “I may lose a battle, but I settembre 1855, ecommunications system was the electric dopo la presa di Sebastopoli shall never lose a minute.” telegraph invented by Samuel Morse: this un telegrafo Ielectric cable carrying information then de- Chappe venne Napoleon's famous phrase allestito sulla veloped into the telephone and the modern cima Korlinoff. contains the key to his success Nel 1845 era stato Internet. In Napoleon’s day, Morse was still già trasmesso il – time. The French emperor a child and his invention had not seen yet primo dispaccio col seen the light. For years, however, the world telegafo elettrico. explained further: During the had actually already had a telecommuni- Crimean War, on cations system, the first real step towards 9 September 1855, “Strategy is the art of using after the capture of “connected humanity”. Sebastopol, a Chappe time and space well. system was set up That system was called the “telegraph”, on the Malakoff. and it was the first true telegraph, even de- In 1845 the first I am less interested in the latter dispatch had been scribed by Alexandre Dumas in the Count sent by the electric than the former: : telegraph. of Monte Cristo I can recapture space but never “Yes, a telegraph. I had often seen one placed at the end of a road on a hillock, and in the 18 Disegno di time.” Napoleon possessed and telegrafo ottico light of the sun its black arms, bending in durante le guerre used something of fundamental every direction, always reminded me of the napoleoniche. -
Ccitt Itu-T 1956 2006 50Years
International Telecommunication Union 1956 0YEARS 2006 1 505 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE CCITT ITU-T 1956 2006 50YEARS 20 July 2006 www.itu.int/ITU-T/50/ CCITT / ITU-T 1956 - 2006 Etymology Telecommunication is the communication of information over a distance and the term is commonly used to refer to communication using some type of signalling or the transmission and reception of electromagnetic energy. The word comes from a combination of the Greek tele, meaning ‘far’, and the Latin communicatio- nem, meaning to impart, to share – literally: to make common. It is the discipline that studies the principles of transmitting information and the methods by which that information is delivered, such as print, radio or television, etc. Visual/optical telegraphs Early forms of telecommunication Telecommunications predate the tele- and stimulated Lord George Murray to Boston, and its purpose was to transmit phone. The first forms of telecommu- propose a system of visual telegraphy to news about shipping. nication were optical telegraphs using the British Admiralty. A chain of 15 tow- visual means of transmission, such as er stations was set up for the Admiralty In the late 19th century, the British Roy- smoke signals and beacons, and have between London and Deal at a cost of al Navy pioneered the use of the Aldis, existed since ancient times. nearly GBP 4 000; others followed to or signal lamp, which, using a focused Portsmouth, Yarmouth and Plymouth. lamp, produced pulses of light in Morse A significant telecommunication de- code. Invented by A.C.W Aldis, the velopment took place in the late eigh- In the United States, the first visual tele- lamps were used until the end of the 2 teenth century with the invention of graph based on the semaphore principle 20th century and were usually equipped semaphore. -
How Might Access for Vehicles Have Prevented the Economic Failure of the Thames Tunnel 1843-1865?
Working Papers No. 171/12 The Eighth Wonder of the World: How might access for vehicles have prevented the economic failure of the Thames Tunnel 1843-1865? Rio Lydon © Rio Lydon November 2012 Department of Economic History London School of Economics Houghton Street London, WC2A 2AE Tel: +44 (0) 20 7955 7860 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7955 7730 2 The Eighth Wonder of the World: How might access for vehicles have prevented the economic failure of the Thames Tunnel 1843-1865? Rio Lydon Introduction Marc Brunel’s Thames Tunnel was the world’s first subaqueous tunnel and spurred an innovation revolution. Built between Rotherhithe and Wapping in the East of London, the 1,300 feet tunnel ran beneath the river bed and connected the shores which the River Thames cut in two and provided a transport link that was desperately needed in this area, given the high level of trade which occurred in the nearby docks. It was not the first attempt at constructing an underwater tunnel in London- Ralph Dodd, Robert Vaszie and the notable engineer Richard Trevithick had all previously tried and failed1- and Brunel’s success in doing so was hailed an engineering triumph. Yet this triumph did not come without serious delay; floods and financial issues caused construction of the tunnel, which Brunel estimated would take between two and three years to complete,2 to take eighteen years in total. The Thames Tunnel was labelled the “Eighth Wonder of the World” by contemporaries and has been hailed as the first great innovation in modern day tunnelling.