Petar Skok Etimologijski Rjecnik Hrvatskoga Ili Srpskoga Jezika

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Petar Skok Etimologijski Rjecnik Hrvatskoga Ili Srpskoga Jezika PETAR SKO K PETAR SKO K DICTIONNAIRE ETYMOLOGIQU E ETIMOLOGIJSKI RJEČNI K DE L A LANGU E CROAT E O U SERB E HRVATSKOGA IL I SRPSKOG A JEZIK A Rédacteurs Uredili akademic i MIRKO DEANOVI Ć e t LJUDEVI T JONK E MIRKO DEANOVI Ć i LJUDEVI T JÓNK É Collaborateur dan s le s travau x préparatoire s Surađivao u predradnjam a et l'établissemen t d u text e i priredi o z a tisa k VALENTIN PUTANE C VALENTIN PUTANE C TOME PRE M I ER KN J I G A PRV A A-J A-J ACADÉMIE YOUGOSLAV E DE S SCIENCE S E T DE S BEAUX-ART S JUGOSLAVENSKA AKADEMIJ A ZNANOST I I UMJETNOST I ZAGREB 197 1 ZAGREB 197 1 PREDGOVOR Petar SKOK, autor ovog etimološkog rječnika, rođen je 1881. u Jurkovu Selu u Žumberku (Hrvatska). Srednju je školu svršio u Karlovcu (1892—1899), Filo- zof ski fakultet (slušao je romanistiku, germanistiku i indoevropski) u Beču 1900—1904. Od 1904. do 1907. bio je srednjoškolski profesor u Banjoj Luci. Godine 1905. dok- torirao je u Beču, a 1912. habilitirao na zagrebačkom Filozofskom fakultetu. Godine 1917. počinje predavati na Filozofskom fakultetu u Zagrebu kao docent, a od 1919. godine kao redoviti profesor romanistike, osnovavši na tom fakultetu prvu katedru za romanistiku. Kao profesor djeluje 35 godina, sve do penzioniranju. Umro je 1956. u Zagrebu. Veoma je široko polje njegova znanstvenog istraživanja : osim na području romani- stike u najširem smislu, on proučava jezične pojave, prošle i suvremene, na našem teritoriju i na cijelom Balkanu. Tako je postao jedan od najznačajnijih balkanologa svoga vremena. Osobito su originalni njegovi onomastički radovi (toponimija, antro- ponimija). Od početka svoje lingvističke djelatnosti bavi se i problemima hrvatskog ili srpskog jezika i njegovih dijalekata. Premda slijedi pravac neogramatičara, nije uskogrudan pristalica te metode i ne zazire od ponekih novina 20. stoljeća. Koliko je bila plodna njegova znanstvena djelatnost, vidi se i po velikom broju objavljenih radova: u 70 godina, od 1889. do I960, izašlo je njegovih 511 što knjiga, što članaka (v. bi- bliografiju njegovih radova u Ljetopis u JAZ U 54, 1949, str. 194—213, i dopunu toj bibliografiji što ju j e objavio Ž . Muljačić u Zbornik u z a filologiju i lingvistiku 12, Novi Sad 1969, str. 262-266). Djelo se objavljuje uz financijsku pomoć Republičkog fonda, za naučni rad Socijalističke republike Na svom etimološkom rječniku autor je počeo raditi za vrijeme drugog svjetskog Hrvatske rata. Godine 1948. Jugoslavenska akademija znanosti ì umjetnosti unosi to djelo u plan svojih izdanja i 1949. dodjeljuje autoru kao pomoćnika u radu dra Valentina Ľ ouvrage est publié avec le concours financier du Fonds national pour la recherche scientifique de Putanca iz Instituta za jezik JAZU. Tako je pomalo sabrana golema grada, dijale- la République socialiste de Croatie katska i etimologijska, i z objavljenih djela i časopisa i i z još neizdanog dijela Rječnik a hrvatskoga il i srpskog a jezik a JAZU (autor s e služio rukopisom toga rječnika d o kraja slova z a obradbu riječi koje počinju slovima poslužio m u je Broz-Ive- Dio predradnja i priređivanje djela za tisak izvršeni su u Institutu za jezik Jugoslavenske akademije S ; Š— Ž znanosti i umjetnosti u Zagrebu kovićev Rječni k hrvatskog a jezika,) . Naknadno je autor unio u rukopis i građu i z svoje zbirke romanizama tako da je došlo do nekih dvostručenja obradbe u rukopisu. Une partie des travaux préparatoires et la rédaction pour la publication ont été effectues à l'Institut Smrt je prekinula ovaj Skokov višegodišnji rad (1952—1955) koji u rukopisu philologique de l'Académie yougoslave des sciences et des beaux-arts de Zagreb obuhvaća preko 10.000 rukom pisanih strana. Godine 1958. Jugoslavenska je akademija preuzela rukopis i od 1961. do 1968. priređivao je V. Putanec djelo za tisak. U toku godina više se puta mijenjao sastav uredništva koje je davalo upute za rad, dok Odjel za filologiju JAZU nije izabrao sadašnju dvojicu urednika. Iz pijeteta prema preminulom autoru, a na osnovi odluke Odjela za filologiju JAZU, nismo mijenjali izvorni tekst rukopisa. Ispravljene su samo najočitije omaške. Sitnije promjene teksta, kao i dodaci, izvršeni su tako da su navijeni u uglate za- grade. Dakako, i literatura je tu i tamo dopunjena, ali to u tekstu nije posebno isticano. Kako je rukopis prva redakcija teksta koju bi autor, da je imao prilike, dotjerao, ostalo je u rukopisu dosta riječi kojima autor nije dao etimologije. Neke od takvih riječi uredništvo je uklonilo, a neke je ostavilo radi mogućnosti drugih kombinacija. PREFACE Izuzetno je redakcija za takve riječi dala etimologiju u zagradi. Od posebnih problema u priređivanju djela treba spomenuti: a) da je neka mjesta Petar SKOK, auteur de ce dictionnaire étymologique, est né en 1881 à Jurkovo u rukopisu koja su bila pisana stenografijom razriješio dr Blaž Jurišić, pa mu ovdje Selo en Žumberak (Croatie). Il termina ľ école secondaire à Karlovac (1892—1899) zahvaljujemo; b) da sii etimologije koje su u rukopisu dane u obliku dvaju članaka et il fréquenta la Faculté des lettres de Vienne (Autriche) en 1900 — 1904 où il sui- spajane na način kako smo smatrali daje najpovoljnije; c) da su neki glasovi u pomanj- vit les cours de romanistique, germanistique et d'indoeuropéen. En 1904 — 1907 il kanju odgovarajućih tiskarskih znakova označeni na lako shvatljiv način; medu os- était professeur de lycée à Banja Luka. En 1905 il passa son doctorat à Vienne et talim, orijentalno h 5 kvačicom ispod tiskano je kao kūrent u kurziviranom slogu, en 1912 son »habilitation« à la Faculté des lettres de Zagreb. En 1917 il commence litavska e _s točkom i akcentom pisano je kao e 5 dugouzlaznim akcentom, slovensko à enseigner à la Faculté des lettres de Zagreb en qualité -de chargé de cours et à partir otvoreno ote pisano je samo s akcentom, i si. de 1919 en qualité de professeur de romanistique, après avoir fondé à la même faculté Treba još spomenuti d a autor upotrebljava stari naziv slavin a u značenju »jedan la première chaire de romanistique. En tant que professeur il déploie son activité au od slavenskih jezika« i da se dijalektalne oznake nazivaju kadšto po vjerskoj pripad- cours de 35 ans jusqu'à la retraite. Il est mort en 1956 à Zagreb. nosti kad je ona relevantna. Le champ de ses activités de recherche scientifique est très vaste: outre sur le champ Treba istaknuti da su ovdje posebno obrađeni i prefiksi i sufiksi, zatim da su iz- de la romanistique dans le sens le plus large, il étudie les phénomènes linguistiques, passés vedenice s fonetskim inačicama i dijalektalnim i onomastičkim potvrdama grupirane et contemporains, sur le terrain yougoslave et dans tous les Balkans. C'est ainsi qu'il u članku pod osnovnom riječi ili korijenom. Onomastika koja ne ide u apelative obra- est devenu un des plus renommés balkanologues de son temps. Sont surtout originaux duje se, dakako, pod svojom riječi. Radi lakšeg snalaženja u djelu posljednja će knjiga ses travaux onomastiques (toponymie, anthroponymie). Depuis le commencement de sadržavati potpun indeks svih navedenih riječi. son activité de linguiste il s'occupe des problèmes de la langue croate ou serbe et de ses Posebna je vrijednost ovog rječnika u tome što se u njemu etimologija daje na osnovi dialectes. Quoiqu'il suive ľ école des néogrammairiens, il n'est pas un partisan aveugle mnogih dijalektalnih i historijskih potvrda i sto je povijest riječi često povezana s analog- de cette méthode et il n'a pas d'aversion pour certaines nouveautés du 20ème siècle. nim pojavama u ostalim slavenskim jezicima, u baltoslavenskom ì uopće u indoevrop- Combien féconde a été son activité scientifique, on peut le voir d'après le grand nombre skim jezicima. Naročito su istaknuti odnosi sa susjednim balkanskim jezicima. Zato de ses travaux publiés: dans l'espace de 70 ans, de 1889 à 1960, sont publiés 511 de će, osim slavista, osobito balkanolozi znati cijeniti vrijednost ovog jedinstvenog djela ses travaux, aussi bien livres qu'articles (v. bibliographie de ses travaux publiée dans kakva naša znanost dosada nije imala i kojega značenje prelazi granice slavistike. Ljetopis de l'Académie yougoslave des sciences et des beaux-arts nro 54, 1949, pages 194—213 et le supplément à cette bibliographie publié par Z. Muljačić dans le Zbornik U Zagrebu, u svibnju 1970. za filologij u i lingvistik u nro 12, Novi Sad, 1969, pages 262—266). Urednici L'auteur a commencé à travailler à son dictionnaire étymologique au cours de la deuxième guerre mondiale. En 1948 l'Académie yougoslave insère cette oeuvre dans les plans de ses publications et en 1949 elle délègue M. Valentin Putanec de l'Institut de philologie de JAZU pour aider l'auteur dans ses travaux. C'est ainsi que sont re- cueillis de grands matériaux, dialectologiques et étymologiques, provenant des livres publiés et des périodiques comme aussi de la partie inéditée du Dictionnaire croate ou serbe de JAZU (l'auteur s'est servi du manuscrit de ce dictionnaire qui va jusqu'à la lettre S ; pour la rédaction des lemmes commençant par les lettres Š à Ž il s'est servi ι L'un des principaux mérites de ce dictionnaire consiste dans le fait que ľ etymo- du Dictionnair e d e l a langu e croat e d e Broz-Ivekovic). Après coup, l'auteur a in- j logie y est élaborée sur la base de beaucoup de données dialectales et historiques, et sére dans le manuscrit aussi les matériaux de sa collection de romanismes ce qui eut, que l'historique d'un mot y est très souvent rattaché aux phénomènes analogues dans pour résultat un doublement des lemmes dans le manuscrit.
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