Plasticulture –A Key Step to Second Green Revolution
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Plasticulture in California Vegetable Production
PUBLICATION 8016 Plasticulture in California Vegetable Production WAYNE L. SCHRADER, UC Cooperative Extension Vegetable Farm Advisor, San Diego County Plasticulture is the art of using plastic materials to modify the production environ- UNIVERSITY OF ment in vegetable crop production. Plasticulture began in the 1950s and early 1960s with the introduction and use of plastic films, mulches, and drip irrigation systems. CALIFORNIA Vegetable growers frequently use plastics in pest management, stand establishment, Division of Agriculture harvesting, and postharvest handling operations, and in containers for marketing. and Natural Resources Plasticulture system components can include http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu • plastic mulches to control soil temperature, control weeds, and repel insects • plastic films for erosion control, soil fumigation, or solarization • row covers for temperature control, wind or frost protection, and insect exclusion • drip irrigation for improved water management and for the application of chemi- cals (chemigation) and fertilizers (fertigation) during irrigation • plastic windbreaks • plastic barriers against vertebrate pests Plasticulture has developed into management systems that allow growers to achieve higher-quality produce, superior yields, and extended production cycles. Growers using plasticulture can produce vegetables for markets during the winter, early spring, and late fall that would otherwise be impossible to address. Benefits of plasticulture include • earlier production (7 to 30 days earlier) • increased -
Checking out on Plastics III
Checking Out on Plastics III January 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABOUT EIA ABOUT GREENPEACE EIA UK CONTENTS 62-63 Upper Street, With support from John Ellerman We investigate and campaign against Greenpeace defends the natural Executive Summary 4 London N1 0NY UK Foundation. environmental crime and abuse. world and promotes peace by Introduction 6 T: +44 (0) 20 7354 7960 investigating, exposing and Background 7 “We aim to advance the wellbeing Our undercover investigations E: [email protected] confronting environmental abuse Methodology 8 of people, society and the natural expose transnational wildlife crime, eia-international.org and championing responsible Summary of results 10 world by focusing on the arts, with a focus on elephants and solutions for our fragile Targets 12 environment and social action. tigers, and forest crimes such as Environmental Investigation Agency UK environment. The plastic packaging footprint 13 We believe these areas can make illegal logging and deforestation for UK Charity Number: 1182208 Own-brand versus branded reductions 14 an important contribution to cash crops like palm oil. We work to Company Number: 07752350 Overall trends in this year’s survey 16 wellbeing.” safeguard global marine ecosystems Registered in England and Wales Retailer snapshot: highlights and lowlights 18 by addressing the threats posed Plastic bags 20 by plastic pollution, bycatch Single-use items 24 and commercial exploitation of Fruit and vegetables 28 whales, dolphins and porpoises. Reuse and refill 30 Finally, we reduce the impact of Recycling and recycled content 32 climate change by campaigning Online 33 to eliminate powerful refrigerant Convenience retailers 34 greenhouse gases, exposing related Conclusions 35 illicit trade and improving energy Recommendations 36 efficiency in the cooling sector. -
Thermal Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites
Indian Available online at Journal of Advances in www.ijacskros.com Chemical Science Indian Journal of Advances in Chemical Science S1 (2016) 279-282 Thermal Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites G. S. Ananthapadmanabha*, Vikrant V. Deshpande Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India. Received 28th April 2016 ; Revised 16rd April 2016; Accepted 18th June 2016 ABSTRACT The thermal properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) composites with talc and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% loading were characterized using thermal methods like differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and heat deflection temperature (HDT). The study was carried out to investigate the effect of fillers with different shape on the properties like decomposition temperature, HDT of ABS. CaCO3 particles are spherical and have an aspect ratio of 1, whereas talc is long, platy in nature and has a higher aspect ratio of typically about 20:1. Titanate coupling agent was added to improve the interfacial adhesion between the filler and the ABS matrix. Thermal properties showed no significant change with respect to the HDT, glass transition temperature by DSC as well as decomposition temperature by TGA methods. Key words: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, composite, filler shape, thermal properties, coupling agent. 1. INTRODUCTION aspect ratio of “1” whereas talc which is platy in Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a two- shape has an aspect ratio of 20:1 will have a different phase polymer that consists of polybutadiene grafted effect on the properties. The bond strength between with styrene, acrylonitrile, and styrene-acrylonitrile the polymer matrix and the filler is an important copolymer. -
Additives for Polyolefins: Getting the Most out of Polypropylene
ADDITIVES FOR POLYOLEFINS PLASTICS DESIGN LIBRARY (PDL) PDL HANDBOOK SERIES Series Editor: Sina Ebnesajjad, PhD ([email protected]) President, FluoroConsultants Group, LLC Chadds Ford, PA, USA www.FluoroConsultants.com The PDL Handbook Series is aimed at a wide range of engineers and other professionals working in the plastics indus- try, and related sectors using plastics and adhesives. PDL is a series of data books, reference works, and practical guides covering plastics engineering, applications, proces- sing, and manufacturing, and applied aspects of polymer science, elastomers, and adhesives. Recent titles in the series Biopolymers: Processing and Products, Michael Niaounakis (ISBN: 9780323266987) Biopolymers: Reuse, Recycling, and Disposal, Michael Niaounakis (ISBN: 9781455731459) Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composites, Marcio Loos (ISBN: 9781455731954) Extrusion, 2e, John Wagner and Eldridge Mount (ISBN: 9781437734812) Fluoroplastics, Volume 1, 2e, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455731992) Handbook of Biopolymers and Biodegradable Plastics, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455728343) Handbook of Molded Part Shrinkage and Warpage, Jerry Fischer (ISBN: 9781455725977) Handbook of Polymer Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices, Kayvon Modjarrad and Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9780323228053) Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers, Jiri G. Drobny (ISBN: 9780323221368) Handbook of Thermoset Plastics, 2e, Hanna Dodiuk and Sidney Goodman (ISBN: 9781455731077) High Performance Polymers, 2e, Johannes Karl Fink (ISBN: 9780323312226) Introduction -
Understaning the Volality of Commodities Prices: the Ac Se of Polystyrene Perry Franco Grand Valley State University
West Michigan Business Review Volume 5 | Issue 1 Article 9 Spring 1999 Understaning the Volality of Commodities Prices: The aC se of Polystyrene Perry Franco Grand Valley State University Paul Thorsnes Grand Valley State University Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/wmbr Recommended Citation Franco, Perry and Thorsnes, Paul (1999) "Understaning the Volality of Commodities Prices: The asC e of Polystyrene," West Michigan Business Review: Vol. 5: Iss. 1, Article 9. Available at: http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/wmbr/vol5/iss1/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Seidman College of Business at ScholarWorks@GVSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in West Michigan Business Review by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@GVSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. research firm in the Southern Indian city of Chennai (formerly called Madras), we collected data from 162 companies that participated in a variety of manufacturing and service industries. The sample included domestic as well as foreign companies from U.S.A., U.K., Germany, France, Japan, aa; Korea. In addition, the sample firms came from the private, public and the joint (part public and part government-owned) sectors. Prior to run~ statistical tests, we tested the questionnaires extensively for validity and reliability. Our results consistently supported the notion that market orientation leads to superior financial performance. We used a variety of performance measures - return on sales, control of operating expenses, success of new products, ability to retain customers, and growth in revenue - and in all cases, high performing firms exhibited very high market orientation scores. -
Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics – Facts and Figures Focus on Food Packaging in the Netherlands
Bio-based and biodegradable plastics – Facts and Figures Focus on food packaging in the Netherlands Martien van den Oever, Karin Molenveld, Maarten van der Zee, Harriëtte Bos Rapport nr. 1722 Bio-based and biodegradable plastics - Facts and Figures Focus on food packaging in the Netherlands Martien van den Oever, Karin Molenveld, Maarten van der Zee, Harriëtte Bos Report 1722 Colophon Title Bio-based and biodegradable plastics - Facts and Figures Author(s) Martien van den Oever, Karin Molenveld, Maarten van der Zee, Harriëtte Bos Number Wageningen Food & Biobased Research number 1722 ISBN-number 978-94-6343-121-7 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/408350 Date of publication April 2017 Version Concept Confidentiality No/yes+date of expiration OPD code OPD code Approved by Christiaan Bolck Review Intern Name reviewer Christaan Bolck Sponsor RVO.nl + Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Client RVO.nl + Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Wageningen Food & Biobased Research P.O. Box 17 NL-6700 AA Wageningen Tel: +31 (0)317 480 084 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.wur.nl/foodandbiobased-research © Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, institute within the legal entity Stichting Wageningen Research All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system of any nature, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. The publisher does not accept any liability for inaccuracies in this report. 2 © Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, institute within the legal entity Stichting Wageningen Research Preface For over 25 years Wageningen Food & Biobased Research (WFBR) is involved in research and development of bio-based materials and products. -
Commodity Plastics Market Update: the Impact of Lower Crude May 15 2015 Ihs.Com
IHS CHEMICALS Presentation Commodity Plastics Market Update: The Impact of Lower Crude May 15 2015 ihs.com Joel Morales, Director Polyolefins North America, 832 619 8588, [email protected] © 2015 IHS Plastics Overview / May 2015 Terms of Use The accompanying materials were prepared by IHS Inc. (IHS Chemical) and are not to be redistributed or reused in any manner without prior written consent, with the exception of client internal distribution as described below. IHS Chemical strives to be supportive of client internal distribution of IHS Chemical content but requires that: • IHS Chemical content and information, including but not limited to graphs, charts, tables, figures, and data, are not to be disseminated outside of a client organization to any third party, including a client’s customers, financial institutions, consultants, or the public. • Content distributed within the client organization must display IHS Chemical’s legal notices and attributions of authorship. Some information supplied by IHS Chemical may be obtained from sources that IHS Chemical believes to be reliable but are in no way warranted by IHS Chemical as to accuracy or completeness. Absent a specific agreement to the contrary, IHS Chemical has no obligation to update any content or information provided to a client. © 2015 IHS Plastics Overview / May 2015 ABOUT IHS CHEMICAL © 2015 IHS © 2015 IHS Plastics Overview / May 2015 IHS INDUSTRIES AEROSPACE & DEFENSE CHEMICAL FINANCE TECHNOLOGY 100+ years’ experience Over 200 leading industry Research on 200+ World’s largest -
The New Plastics Economy Rethinking the Future of Plastics
THE NEW PLASTICS ECONOMY • • • 1 The New Plastics Economy Rethinking the future of plastics THE NEW PLASTICS ECONOMY RETHINKING THE FUTURE OF PLASTICS 2 • • • THE NEW PLASTICS ECONOMY THE NEW PLASTICS ECONOMY • • • 3 CONTENTS Preface 4 Foreword 5 In support of the New Plastics Economy 6 Project MainStream 8 Disclaimer 9 Acknowledgements 10 Global partners of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation 14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 15 PART I SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS 22 1 The case for rethinking plastics, starting with packaging 24 2 The New Plastics Economy: Capturing the opportunity 31 3 The New Plastics Economy demands a new approach 39 PART II CREATING AN EFFECTIVE AFTER-USE PLASTICS ECONOMY 44 4 Recycling: Drastically increasing economics, uptake and quality through compounding and mutually reinforcing actions 46 5 Reuse: Unlocking material savings and beyond 62 6 Compostable packaging: Returning nutrients to the soil for targeted packaging applications 68 PART III DRASTICALLY REDUCING LEAKAGE OF PLASTICS INTO NATURAL SYSTEMS AND MINIMISING OTHER EXTERNALITIES 74 7 Drastically reducing leakage into natural systems and associated negative impacts 76 8 Substances of concern: Capturing value with materials that are safe in all product phases 79 PART IV DECOUPLING PLASTICS FROM FOSSIL FEEDSTOCKS 86 9 Dematerialisation: Doing more with less plastic 88 10 Renewably sourced plastics: Decoupling plastics production from fossil feedstocks 92 Appendix 97 Appendix A. Global material flow analysis: definitions and sources 98 Appendix B. Biodegradation 100 Appendix C. Anaerobic digestion 101 Glossary 102 List of Figures and Boxes 105 Endnotes 106 About the Ellen MacArthur Foundation 117 4 • • • THE NEW PLASTICS ECONOMY PREFACE The circular economy is gaining growing attention as a potential way for our society to increase prosperity, while reducing demands on finite raw materials and minimising negative externalities. -
1 Incorporation of Controlled-Release
INCORPORATION OF CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZER IN A SEEPAGE IRRIGATED TOMATO FERTILITY PROGRAM IN FLORIDA By LUTHER C. CARSON A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2014 1 © 2014 Luther C. Carson 2 To my parents and my family 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank my advisor, Dr. Monica Ozores-Hampton, for her guidance and support throughout my doctoral program. I am also thankful to my supervisory committee, Dr. Sartain, Dr. Obreza, Dr. Morgan, and Dr. Sargent, who provided time, comments on my project, and laboratory space and supplies in which to conduct research. A special thanks goes to the staff of the Southwest Florida Research and Education Center’s Vegetable Horticulture Laboratory (Kiran, Aline, Joel, Ozzy, Dago, and Stacy) and the staff of the Soil Fertility and Turf Grass Nutrition Laboratory (Dolly, Nahid, and Dawn) for their assistance during my laboratory research. I am grateful to Garguilo Farms for their invaluable contributions to my research. Finally, I thank my family and friends for the love and support that they have given during my PhD, which has given me the inspiration to complete this degree. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ 11 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................... -
Checking out on Plastics II: Breakthroughs and Backtracking from Supermarkets ABOUT EIA ABOUT GREENPEACE
Checking Out on Plastics II: Breakthroughs and backtracking from supermarkets ABOUT EIA ABOUT GREENPEACE We investigate and campaign Greenpeace defends the natural against environmental crime and world and promotes peace by abuse. Our undercover investigations investigating, exposing and expose transnational wildlife crime, confronting environmental with a focus on elephants, pangolins abuse and championing and tigers, and forest crimes such as responsible solutions for our illegal logging and deforestation for fragile environment. cash crops like palm oil. We work to safeguard global marine ecosystems EIA UK by addressing the threats posed 62-63 Upper Street, by plastic pollution, bycatch and London N1 0NY UK commercial exploitation of whales, T: +44 (0) 20 7354 7960 dolphins and porpoises. Finally, E: [email protected] we reduce the impact of climate eia-international.org change by campaigning to eliminate powerful refrigerant greenhouse GREENPEACE gases, exposing related illicit trade Canonbury Villas, and improving energy efficiency in London N1 2PN, UK the cooling sector. T: + 44 (0) 20 7865 8100 E: [email protected] November 2019 greenpeace.org.uk 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 Background 5 Methodology 6 Results of supermarket ranking 8 Summary of survey responses 10 Conclusions 30 Recommendations 32 Glossary 34 References 36 3 Executive Summary Our throwaway convenience culture costs the earth. Resources are being extracted, manufactured and transported to be used just once. Ever-growing mountains of mixed plastic waste are impossible to recycle and are usually dumped in landfill sites, incinerated or leaked into the natural environment. There has been an unprecedented level of public and political focus on the plastic pollution crisis in recent years. -
A Comprehensive Assessment of China's Plastic Bag Policy
Buffalo Environmental Law Journal Volume 18 Number 2 Article 4 4-1-2011 B.Y.O.B. (Bring Your Own Bag): A Comprehensive Assessment of China's Plastic Bag Policy Mary O'Loughlin Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/belj Part of the Environmental Law Commons Recommended Citation Mary O'Loughlin, B.Y.O.B. (Bring Your Own Bag): A Comprehensive Assessment of China's Plastic Bag Policy, 18 Buff. Envtl. L.J. 295 (2011). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/belj/vol18/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Buffalo Environmental Law Journal by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. B.Y.O.B. (BRING YOUR OWN BAG): A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF CHINA'S PLASTIC BAG POLICY Mary O'Loughlin* Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................ ....... 297 A. Abstract ................................. 297 B. Policy Implementation ....................... 298 C. Policy Enforcement. ................... ...... 298 D. Public Response ..................................298 E. Policy Effects. ......................... .... 298 F. Future Prognosis ..............................299... II. THIS REPORT: REPORT STRUCTURE AND METHODOLOGY .... 299 III. THE POLICY ................................... ......... 299 A. China's Plastic Bag Policy ................ ..... 299 B. China's Overuse of Plastic Bags ................. 301 C. China's Government's Rationale for Limiting Plastic Bag Use . ............................... ...... 302 D. Successful Plastic Bag Reduction Policies in Ireland and Washington .................................. 303 IV. POLICY IMPLEMENTATION ............................ 305 A. Partial Policy Implementation .................. 306 B. Stores Implementing the Policy ........... -
Sustainable Student Entrepreneurship Scheme in Plastic Waste Management for K-12 Educational Institutions
International Management Review Vol. 14 No. 2 2018 Sustainable Student Entrepreneurship Scheme in Plastic Waste Management for K-12 Educational Institutions Dr. U Faisal Department of Management Studies, Kannur University, India E-mail: [email protected] Gopakumar T P Doers’ Education Lab Pvt. Ltd. Business Incubation Center, Kannur University, India E-mail: [email protected] Muneer T.K. Department of Management Studies, Kannur University, India E-mail: [email protected] [Abstract] Plastic products have become an integral part of our daily life as a basic need. It produced on a massive scale worldwide and its production crosses the 150 million Tons per year globally. The quantum of waste is considerably increasing day by day due to increase in population and developmental activities and indiscriminate littering and disposal. In this paper, we explore the scope of K-12 school student Inclusion to address the issues of Waste Management. The students will be bringing recyclable plastic waste to their schools on a daily /weekly basis. A Management Information System developed and stored in the Cloud will be used by the schools. The School authorities make the input of the details of waste collected by each student and equivalent value-based points will be allotted to them. These points thus generated become savings for the students. Students can convert these points for the purchase of educational products such as Skill Development tools, Information and Communication and Technology applications, Project kits etc. It can also be used for some entrepreneurial initiatives to be undertaken in the school. Students also become familiar with e-commerce activities.