§§ 28.520–28.525 46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–14 Edition)

that the center of gravity of the equiv- (4) Any other appropriate format for alent maximum fish load must be lo- providing stability instructions. cated to one side of the vessel’s center- (e) Stability instructions must be de- line by a distance equal to one-fifth of veloped based on the vessel’s individual the maximum transverse dimension of characteristics and may include the the fish storage space. following, as appropriate for the for- [CGD 88–079, 56 FR 40393, Aug. 14, 1991, as mat chosen for presentation: amended by USCG-2004–18884, 69 FR 58344, (1) A general description of the ves- Sept. 30, 2004] sel, including lightweight data; (2) Instructions on the use of the in- §§ 28.520–28.525 [Reserved] formation; (3) General arrangement plans show- § 28.530 Stability instructions. ing watertight compartments, closures, (a) Intent. The intent of this section vents, downflooding angles, and allow- is to ensure that vessel masters and in- able weights; dividuals in charge of vessels are pro- (4) Loading restrictions, such as dia- vided with enough stability informa- grams, tables, descriptions or max- tion to allow them to maintain their imum KG curves; vessel in a satisfactory stability condi- (5) Sample loading conditions; tion. The rules provide maximum flexi- (6) General precautions for pre- bility for owners and qualified individ- venting unintentional flooding; uals to determine how this information (7) Capacity plan or tank sounding is conveyed, taking into consideration tables showing tank and hold capac- decisions by operating personnel must ities, centers of gravity, and free sur- be made quickly and that few oper- face effects; ating personnel in the commercial fish- (8) A rapid and simple means for eval- ing industry have had specialized train- uating any specific loading condition; ing in stability. Therefore, stability in- (9) The amount and location of fixed structions should take into account ballast; the conditions a vessel may reasonably (10) Any other necessary guidance for be expected to encounter and provide maintaining adequate stability under simple guidance for the operating per- normal and emergency conditions; sonnel to deal with these situations. (b) Each vessel must be provided with (11) A general description of the sta- stability instructions which provide bility criteria that are used in devel- the master or individual in charge of oping the instructions; the vessel with loading constraints and (12) Guidance on the use of roll limi- operating restrictions which maintain tation devices such as stabilizers; and the vessel in a condition which meets (13) Any other information the owner the applicable stability requirements feels is important to the stability and of this subpart. operation of the vessel. (c) Stability instructions must be de- veloped by a qualified individual. § 28.535 Inclining test. (d) Stability instructions must be in (a) Except as provided in paragraphs a format easily understood by the mas- (b) and (c) of this section, each vessel ter or individual in charge of the ves- for which the lightweight sel. Units of measure, language, and and centers of gravity must be deter- rigor of calculations in the stability in- mined in order to do the calculations structions must be consistent with the required in this subpart must have an ability of the master or the individual inclining test performed. in charge of the vessel. The format of (b) A deadweight survey may be sub- the stability instructions may include, stituted for the inclining test, if there at the owner’s discretion, any of the is a record of an inclining test of a sis- following: ter vessel. A vessel qualifies as a sister (1) Simple loading instructions; vessel if it is built to the same basic (2) A simple loading diagram with in- drawings and the undocumented weight structions; difference between the two vessels is (3) A stability booklet with sample less than 3 percent of the lightweight calculations; or displacement of the vessel which was

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inclined and the location of the longi- § 28.545 Intact stability when using tudinal center of gravity differs less lifting gear. than 1 percent of the vessel’s length. (a) Each vessel which lifts a weight (c) A deadweight survey may be sub- over the side, or that uses fishing gear stituted for the inclining test, or the that can impose an overturning mo- inclining test may be dispensed with, if ment on the vessel, such as trawls and an accurate estimate of the vessel’s seines, must meet the requirements of lightweight characteristics can be this section if that maximum heeling made and the precise location of the moment exceeds 0.67(W)(GM)(F/B), in position of the vessel’s vertical center foot-long tons (meter-metric tons), of gravity is not necessary to ensure where: that the vessel has adequate stability W=displacement of the vessel with in all probable loading conditions. the lifted weight or the force on the (d) ASTM F 1321 (incorporated by ref- fishing gear included, in long tons (metric tons); erence, see § 28.40), with the exception GM= with the lift- of Annexes A and B, may be used as ed weight or force on the fishing gear guidance for any inclining test or dead- included, in feet (meters); weight survey conducted under this F= to the lowest weather section. deck, measured at amidships in feet [CGD 88–079, 56 FR 40393, Aug. 14, 1991, as (meters); and amended by USCG-1999–5151, 64 FR 67176, Dec. B=maximum , in feet (meters). 1, 1999] (b) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, each vessel must § 28.540 Free surface. meet the requirements of § 28.570 or (a) When doing the stability calcula- have at least 15 foot-degrees (0.080 meter-radians) of area under the right- tions required by this subpart, the vir- ing arm curve, after correcting the tual rise in the vessel’s vertical center righting arms for the heeling arm of gravity due to liquids in tanks must caused by lifting or fishing gear, from be considered by calculating the fol- the angle of equilibrium to the least of lowing— the following: (1) For each type of consumable liq- (1) The angle corresponding to the uid, the maximum free surface effect of maximum righting arm; a tank, or a transverse pair of tanks, (2) The angle of downflooding; or having the greatest free surface effect, (3) 40° (0.7 radians). in addition to a correction for service (c) The angle of intersection of the tanks; and heeling arm curve resulting from the (2) The free surface effect of each par- lifting moment or the moment of fish- tially filled tank and hold containing a ing gear and the righting arm curve liquid that is not a consumable or con- must not be at an angle of more than taining fish or a fish product that can 10° (0.17 radians). shift as the vessel heels. This should (d) The heeling arm curve resulting include correction for any loose water from lifting must be calculated as the within the vessel’s associated with resultant of the upright heeling mo- ment divided by the vessel’s displace- the processing of fish. ment multiplied by the cosine of the (b) The free surface effect of tanks angle of heel. fitted with cross connection piping (e) For the purposes of this section, must be calculated assuming the tanks the weight of suspended loads must be are one common tank, unless valves assumed to act at the tip of the boom that will be kept closed to prevent the unless the suspended load’s transverse transfer of liquids as the vessel heels movement is restricted, such as by the are installed in the piping. use of sideboards. (c) The moment of transference (f) A vessel that operates on pro- method may be used in lieu of the iner- tected waters, as defined in § 170.050 of tia method when calculating free sur- this chapter, must comply with the re- face effects. quirements of this section, except that the area described in paragraph (b) of

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