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THE MINORITY REPORT The annual news of the AEA’s Committee on the Status of Minority Groups in the Economics Profession, The the National Economic Association, and the American Society of Hispanic Economists the Issue 8, Winter 2016 Immigration and the Labor Market Outcomes of Black Male South Africans By Nzinga H. Broussard,1 United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service This report discusses the impact of international The immigrant share of the South African population immigration in one of the most developed economies between 1996 and 2011 grew from 2.7 percent in in Sub-Sahara Africa, South Africa.2 South Africa’s 1996 to 6.5 percent in 2011.4 However, very little is labor market possesses interesting characteristics known about how immigration has affected the labor that make studying the impact of labor supply shocks market outcomes of native-born South Africans. of particular interest to a labor and development economist. First, South Africa has substantially high Identifying the causal impact of international unemployment and underemployment. In 2011, immigration on the labor market outcomes of the unemployment rate was 30 percent for the native-born workers is complicated by a number of Black male native-born population. Secondly, South econometric issues (Borjas, Freeman and Katz, 1996; Africa has an active informal sector that employs a Borjas, 1994). For example, local demand shocks large share of the labor force and absorbs some of may attract immigrant workers and impact natives’ the surplus labor that the formal sector is unable labor market outcomes, resulting in an underestimate or unwilling to hire.3 In 2007, the informal sector of the potentially harmful effect of immigration on employment rate was 25 percent for the Black male native-born workers. This is shown graphically in native-born population. Figures 1 and 2, which plot the relationship between the labor market outcomes of Black male South South Africa has seen a substantial increase in its Africans in 47 labor markets and the immigrant foreign-born population since the fall of apartheid. Continued on page 4 CONTENTS C Immigration and the Labor PROFILES IN ECONOMICS Announcement ......................21 Market Outcomes of Black Male Bernard E. Anderson: The Economic Jobs Beyond South Africans ........................1 Promise of America ...............12 Academia ..............................22 Riding the “Perfect Storm”: The Refugio Rochin-Rodriguez: Selected Conference Impact of an Economic Crisis Cultivating Social & Economic Sessions ................................25 and Public Policy on Migration Development .........................14 among Puerto Ricans on the Island and the U.S. Mainland ..5 Peter Blair Henry: A Unique, Dual Perspective ....................16 Did School Spending Increases Improve Outcomes of Minority Children? ................................8 American Society of Hispanic Economists ASHE, established in 2002, is one The Minority American AS Society of Advancing Minority Representation in Economics Allied Social Science Association. Itof isthe a professionalaffiliated members association of the of Hispanic economists who are concerned Economists HE with the under-representation of R eport Hispanic Americans in the economics profession at a time when Hispanics represent 16 percent of the U.S. population. Its primary goals include: Welcome to the latest issue of The Minority Report, 1. Promoting the vitality of Hispanics in the economics a joint publication of the American Economic profession through education, service, and excellence; Association’s Committee on the Status of Minority 2. Promoting rigorous research on economic and policy Groups in the Economics Profession (CSMGEP), the issues affecting U.S. Hispanic communities and that American Society of Hispanic Economists (ASHE), and nation as a whole; and the National Economic Association (NEA). This Report 3. Engaging more Hispanic Americans to participate showcases the people, programs, research, and other effectively in the economics profession. activities of the three groups, which work together to www.asheweb.net increase the representation and presence of minorities [email protected] in the economics profession. ASHE Officers - 2015 AEAs’ Committee on the Status of Minority Alberto Davila (President) University of Texas - Pan American Groups in the Economics Profession Joseph Guzman (President-elect) Michigan State University (Past President), San Diego CSMGEP was established by the American Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes State University Economic Association (AEA) over 40 (Treasurer), Eastern New Mexico University years ago to increase the representation Sue K. Stockly of minorities in the economics profession, primarily by broadening opportunities for National Economic Association the training of underrepresented minorities. It has been operating under its current The NEA was founded name since 1974, when it became a full, free-standing AEA in 1969 as the Caucus Committee. CSMGEP, which is composed of economists from of Black Economists to all areas of the profession, also works to ensure that issues promote the professional related to the representation of minorities are considered lives of minorities within in the work of the AEA , makes an annual report to the AEA the profession. Through on the activities of the Committee as well as on the status of its journal, The Review of Black Political Economy, and its minorities in the economics profession, and engages in other annual meetings/sessions, the organization produces efforts to promote the advancement of minorities in the and distributes knowledge of economic issues that are economics profession. of exceptional interest to native and immigrant African Americans, Latinos, and other people of color. www.aeaweb.org/committees/CSMGEP [email protected] www.neaecon.org CSMGEP Members - 2015 NEA Officers - 2015 Lisa Cook (President), Michigan State University Cecilia Rouse (Co-Chair), Princeton University Darrick Hamilton (President-elect), The New School, NY Gary Hoover (Co-Chair), University of Alabama Trevon Logan (Immediate Past President), Ohio State Francisca Antman, University of Colorado at Boulder University C. Kirabo Jackson, Northwestern University Romie Tribble, Jr. (Secretary), Spelman College Rucker Johnson, University of California, Berkeley Hazel Robinson (Treasurer), Howard University Trevon Logan, Ohio State University Fernando Lozano, Pomona College Lisa Saunders, University of Massachusetts, Amherst The Minority Report Newsletter Senior Co-Editors: Cecilia Rouse and Gary Hoover Gustavo Suarez, Federal Reserve Board Design/Editing: Dawn’s Desktop Ebonya Washington, Yale University Marie Mora, ex officio, University of Texas Pan American Questions about The Minority Report may be addressed to Cecilia Rouse, [email protected] 2 The Minority Report CSMGEP Pipeline Programs CSMGEP currently sponsors training and mentorship programs for students at different stages of their education as well as “newly minted” PhDs. The Summer Training Program AEA Economics Mentoring Program Summer Economics Fellows Program In 1974, the American Economic In the mid-1990s, CSMGEP created Sponsored by the American Association established the AEA the AEA Mentoring Program Economic Association and the Summer Training Program to (formerly known as the Pipeline National Science Foundation, prepare talented undergraduates Program) for under-represented the Summer Economics Fellows for doctoral programs in economics minority students in PhD programs Program is designed to increase and related disciplines, by in economics. Since then the the participation and advancement offering a unique opportunity for Program has expanded to include of women and under-represented students to gain technical skills in new doctorates. In the program, minorities in economics. Fellows economics and conduct independent students are matched with a mentor spend a summer in residence at a research. The Program provides who sees them through the critical sponsoring research organization courses in economic theory, junctures of their graduate program or public agency, such as the Urban mathematics, and econometrics or the early stages of their post- Institute or a Federal Reserve Bank. as well as research seminars graduate career. The goal is to help Summer economics fellowships are intended to acquaint students students successfully complete their available to senior graduate students with key economic concepts and doctorate and secure academic and and junior faculty. Applications issues. This Program is open to professional jobs in economics. are due by February 15. For more The AEA Mentoring Program also information, go to https://www. of race, ethnicity, or gender. The hosts the AEA Summer Mentoring aeaweb.org/committees/CSMGEP/ Minorityall qualified Fellowships students, areregardless open to Pipeline Conference to which all pipeline/summerfellows/ participants and their mentors are or contact Dan Newlon, Coordinator residents, with preference for those invited. The conference, which is AEA Summer Economics Fellows whoqualified are members U.S. citizens of historically and permanent held each year at the site of the Program at dan.newlon@aeapubs. disadvantaged racial or ethnic AEA Summer Training Program, org. minority groups and advance brings together undergraduate the diversity of the economics students, graduate students, newly profession. The Summer Training minted PhDs, and senior-level Program is hosted by Michigan
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