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Landfill-Based Anaerobic Digester-Compost Pilot Project at Yolo County Central Landfill

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Landfill-Based Anaerobic Digester-Compost Pilot Project at Yolo County Central Landfill California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery April 2010 Contractor’s Report Landfill-Based Anaerobic Digester-Compost Pilot Project at Yolo County Central Landfill Produced Under Contract by: Ramin Yazdani, P.E. Yolo County Planning & Public Works Division of Integrated Waste Management 44090 County Road 28H Woodland, CA 95618 Phone: (530) 666-8848 Email: [email protected] California Natural Resources Agency S TATE OF C ALIFORNIA Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor Lester Snow Secretary, California Natural Resources Agency • DEPARTMENT OF RESOURCES RECYCLING AND RECOVERY • Margo Reid Brown Director For additional copies of this publication, contact: Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery Public Affairs Office, Publications Clearinghouse 801 K Street (MS 17-15) P.O. Box 4025 Sacramento, CA 95812-4025 www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Publications/ 1-800-CA-WASTE (California only) or (916) 341-6300 Publication # DRRR-2010-002 Copies of this document originally provided by CalRecycle were printed on recycled paper containing 100 percent postconsumer fiber. Copyright © 2010 by the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle). All rights reserved. This publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission. Prepared as part of contract number IWM 06049 for $200,000 The Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) does not discriminate on the basis of disability in access to its programs. CalRecycle publications are available in accessible formats upon request by calling the Public Affairs Office at (916) 341-6300. Persons with hearing impairments can reach CalRecycle through the California Relay Service, 1-800-735-2929. Disclaimer: This report was produced under contract by the Yolo County Planning & Public Works Department-Division of Integrated Waste Management. The statements and conclusions contained in this report are those of the contractor and not necessarily those of the Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), its employees, or the State of California and should not be cited or quoted as official Department policy or direction. The State makes no warranty, expressed or implied, and assumes no liability for the information contained in the succeeding text. Any mention of commercial products or processes shall not be construed as an endorsement of such products or processes. Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................... i Index of Figures ........................................................................................................................................... iii Index of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ iv Index of Pictures ........................................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Project Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 2 Project Results ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Conclusions and Recommendation ........................................................................................................ 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 7 Permitting, Design and Construction ............................................................................................................ 8 Permitting ............................................................................................................................................... 8 Base Liner System .................................................................................................................................. 8 Waste Placement and Instrumentation ................................................................................................... 9 Liquid Injection and Recirculation System .......................................................................................... 12 Gas Collection and Aeration System .................................................................................................... 13 Cover Liner ........................................................................................................................................... 15 Biofilter Construction ........................................................................................................................... 16 Waste Excavation and Windrow Construction ..................................................................................... 18 Monitoring and Data Analysis .................................................................................................................... 20 Waste Temperature and Moisture Sensors ........................................................................................... 20 Leachate Quality ................................................................................................................................... 20 Gas Volume, Composition and Methane Generation Rate ................................................................... 21 Gas Emissions Testing & Analysis ...................................................................................................... 23 Solids Sampling & Testing ................................................................................................................... 25 Digester Settlement .............................................................................................................................. 29 Energy Balance ..................................................................................................................................... 29 Carbon Balance .................................................................................................................................... 30 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................................... 31 Waste Temperature & Moisture ........................................................................................................... 31 Leachate Quality ................................................................................................................................... 33 Moisture Balance .................................................................................................................................. 38 Gas Volume, Composition, and Methane Generation Rate .................................................................. 39 Contractor’s Report i Gas Emissions and Biofilter Destruction Efficiency ............................................................................ 43 Rate of Solid Decomposition ................................................................................................................ 46 Compost Biological, Chemical, and Physical Testing ......................................................................... 49 Cell Waste Settlement .......................................................................................................................... 60 Carbon Balance .................................................................................................................................... 61 Energy Balance ..................................................................................................................................... 62 Project Economics ...................................................................................................................................... 64 Capital Costs ......................................................................................................................................... 64 Operations, Maintenance and Monitoring Costs .................................................................................. 65 Capital Cost for a Full-Scale System .................................................................................................... 66 Annual Operation, Maintenance and Monitoring Costs for a Full-Scale System ................................ 68 Annual Revenue from a Full-Scale System .......................................................................................... 69 Full-Scale System Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return ...................................................... 71 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 73 Source Reference Notes .............................................................................................................................. 75 Appendix
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