GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE AND MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

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Locality History Two important factors influenced the development of Sunshine from a rural area in the mid-1800s to the industrial centre it had become by the 1950s. The first was the railway boom of the 1880s, when it became one of the main junctions in Victoria. The second was the establishment of the Sunshine Harvester Works in 1906-1907 by Hugh Victor McKay, giving the township its current name. In the 1880s Melbourne was booming, being one of the fastest growing cities in the world. The boom had a major impact on the development of the Brimbank area. The metropolis was expanding westward as new suburbs were developed along the newly established railway lines. As well as residential development, new and relocated factories flourished in the Brimbank area (Ford & Vines 2000:56). The wealth of connecting railway lines in Brimbank was a key factor in encouraging industries to settle in the area. Braybrook Junction Station opened in 1885 and St. Albans Station in 1887. Railway sidings went off from the main lines to quarries and new factories. The locality of Braybrook Junction, as Sunshine was first known, was described as ‘the greatest junction in Victoria’. New industries relating to the railway as well as agricultural implements thrived at Braybrook Junction. The Braybrook Implement Company started one of the first factories there, producing mainly farm implements. The factory, established on Devonshire Road next to the new railway junction was later taken over by H.V. McKay’s Harvester Works. Another large factory, Wright and Edwards Carriage Works was also established by the junction. This factory built railway carriages and other engineering items and by 1890 it employed 400 people (Ford 2011:5, Ford & Vines 2000:37-38). However, the growth of industries and settlement around Braybrook Junction came to an abrupt halt with the depression of the 1890s, many home buyers lost their mortgages and some houses in the area were relocated to other areas. The Wright and Edwards Carriage Works was among the first companies to fail, while the Braybrook Implement Works continued to operate until the beginning of the twentieth century (Ford 2011:8). At the turn of the century Braybrook Junction was still a small township, consisting of about 50 dwellings in January 1901. The Braybrook Implement Works closed soon after and in 1904 the company was inviting tenders to purchase the works. H.V. McKay, already a successful businessman operating the Sunshine Harvester Works out of Ballarat, purchased the factory the same year. Over the following years H.V. McKay would move his entire business from Ballarat to

2 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT Braybrook Junction. The factory employed people of the area, as well as many workers who relocated from Ballarat (Ford 2011:60-61 & 71). The influence of H.V. McKay stretched beyond industry. H.V. McKay bought land around the factory and began a process of subdividing, land-selling and building. His subdivisions and town planning, as well as his marketing and philanthropy has greatly influenced the area. The name of the settlement and the station was changed from Braybrook Junction to Sunshine in August 1907, named no longer after the Great Junction but after the great Harvester Works (Ford 2011:87). The initial success of the Sunshine Harvester Works attracted other industries to the Sunshine Albion area, but the main reason for the arrival of new factories was probably H.V. McKay himself. H.V. McKay actively encouraged companies to locate in Sunshine and sold land to them. Within two decades of the establishment of the Sunshine Harvester works, another ten factories had begun operations in the area (Ford & Vines 2000:43). For many years, the Brimbank area was part of the most highly industrialised region in Melbourne. Most of its early factories were large-scale, the largest and most innovative of their kind in Australia (Ford & Vines 2000:39). After the difficult times of World War I, Sunshine continued to grow during the 1920s. The years of 1921-25 saw the town and the Harvester Works prosper. By 1921, Sunshine was the major centre within Braybrook Shire, with a total of 4431 people recorded in the 1921 census. Furthermore, almost half of the Shire’s adult population was involved in the manufacturing industry. Following the establishment of war service homes in the early 1920s, more families arrived and settled in Sunshine (Ford 2011:256). Electrification of the suburban railway lines began in 1919, and by 1921 the line between Footscray and St. Albans had been electrified, which further encouraged the development of Sunshine (Ford & Vines 2000:38). During the 1930s the Great Depression hit the area hard, and development faltered. World War II followed, which despite being a difficult time was a great stimulus to the industrial development of the area. Several new factories were established, and old ones were extended (Ford 2012:46). Following the end of the war, the population of Sunshine increased yet again, welcoming back servicemen as well as newly arrived migrants from Europe. The Housing Commission acquired land in the area, and thousands of new dwellings were constructed. By 1947, the Shire of Braybrook (later City of Sunshine) had 15,066 people and by 1954 it had increased to 44,332 people.

Precinct History The extension of the railway line was an important factor in the development of the Great Junction Estate & Environs Precinct, which include the streets immediately east of the junction of the Ballarat and Bendigo railway lines. Once Braybrook Junction Station (now Sunshine Station) opened in 1886, Melbourne’s land boomers were buying, subdividing and promoting the area (Ford 2011:3). The northern part of the precinct comprises Dickson Street (then Langbein Street), Monash Street (then Durham Road), Whitty, Tyler, Servante and Pizzy streets, as well as Victoria Street and Station Place. The area was subdivided in 1886, and marketed as the ‘Grand Junction Estate, Braybrook’, with vendors the Cosmopolitan Land Banking Company Ltd. The importance of its location next to the train station was made very clear in the name of the estate and in all advertising material, with maps showing the adjacent station and auction notices in the newspapers proclaiming that the estate was ‘adjoining the railway station’ and just ‘15 minutes from the City’ by train. ( The Age, 6 Dec 1886:3). Typical of nineteenth-century residential subdivision, there were laneways running behind all properties to allow collection of waste from rear dunnies.

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Figure 1. Grand Junction Estate subdivision plan, dated 1887. (Durham Road and Langbein Street are now called Monash and Dickson streets, respectively.) (Source: SLV) The land was surveyed by architectural practice Terry & Oakden, and auctioned by Fraser & Co. The subdivision was one of many land speculations in Brimbank during the 1880s, reflecting both the land boom and the significance of the railway lines to the development of Sunshine. Allotments in the Grand Junction Estate were advertised as ‘suitable for all classes’. In the late 1880s, the establishment of the Braybrook Implement Company, Wright and Edwards Carriage Works and other industries at Braybrook Junction resulted in the area being promoted as a suitable residential area for workers. The new suburb of Braybrook Junction included subdivisions on both sides of the railway line. The largest settlement was on the west side of the railway, subdivided as the Braybrook Railway Station Estate (part of which is now protected in the Brimbank Planning Scheme as HO25). While there were many residents listed in the Railway Station Estate at the start of the 1890s, there had been almost no development in the Grand Junction Estate. Two residents were listed: one on

4 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT Whitty Street and another on Station Street (then Railway Parade; though this could have been outside the precinct boundaries). By the end of the century, only one more house had been built, on Servante Street (S&McD 1892, 1900). Of these three nineteenth-century houses, it appears that one may survive at 19 Whitty Street (though with its roof form altered). Following the relocation and expansion of H.V. McKay’s Sunshine Harvester Works from Ballarat, the area underwent a revival by 1911-12 and the land surrounding the Grand Junction Estate was subdivided to accommodate the growing population. Unlike many of the surrounding areas in Sunshine, the subdivisions within the precinct were not directly associated with H.V. McKay. Development on the east side of the railway line was slower than the west side and did not really take off until after World War I. The earliest houses within the precinct to survive, built before the 1920s, include 19 Whitty Street, 63 Dickson Street, 80 & 85 Parsons Street, 2 & 19 Tyler Street and 17 Robinson Street. The Victorian survival house at 2 Tyler Street was built on lots 44-46 of the Grand Junction Estate, on the corner of Monash Street (then known as Durham Road) and Tyler Street. Richard Bailey, engine driver, appears to have been the first owner/occupier of this property. He had a house here from 1909, and it was rebuilt or enlarged in 1913-14 when the property had a net annual value of £25. For many years this was one of the only houses in the street. By 1930 a dairy is listed as being on the property and this continued until at least the early 1950s. It is not clear if this outbuilding has survived (for further information see Individual Citation for HO116 2 Tyler Street, Sunshine).

Figure 2. Detail of MMBW plan No 3967, showing 2 Tyler Street, dated c1934. (Source: SLV) The land north of the Grand Junction Estate was subdivided in 1912, most likely as a result of the relocation of H.V. McKay’s Harvester Works. The lots along the north side of Dickson Street, and the area bound by Withers Street and Devonshire Road, was purchased by Melbourne solicitors Arthur and Edgar Johnson in 1912. Immediately after the purchase, they began to subdivide it into house blocks. Among the lots were 63 Dickson Street, purchased by Emily Thomasine McCoy in 1912 (LV: V3596/F013; V3622/F360). Emily commissioned local architect J Raymond Robinson to design a house, which was constructed in 1915. In 1919, Miss McCoy established a private hospital at the Dickson Street house. Prior to that it was let to Alfred Charles Brown and his wife, Violet. This may have been because Miss McCoy, who was a nurse, was working overseas during World War I (for further information see separate Citation for 63 Dickson Street, appended to this precinct citation) (S&Mc, Real Property Annual 1916:41).

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Figure 3. Subdivision in 1914 creating Robinson and McKay streets (NB: Durham Road and Derby Road are now Monash Street and Parsons Street, respectively). (Source: Certificate of Title Vol. 3832 Fol. 367) Land south of Monash Street, was subdivided in 1914, creating Robinson and McKay streets (LP 6457, lodged 31 August 1914). These two streets were in a regular north-south configuration, with no rear laneways. A wider than usual road reserve was created at the south end of Robinson Street where it met the southern part of the Victoria Street, which was skewed to follow the railway line. The land was owned by civil servant Ernest Wallace Mylrea, of Kew. Mylrea (1871-1943) was a teacher and later headmaster who worked at schools in East Kew, North Melbourne, Footscray and country Victoria. After a stint in Terang, he settled in Williamstown in 1922 where he lived until his death ( Williamstown Chronicle 27 Aug 1943:2; Ancestry.com). It was not until that time that Mylrea began selling off the house allotments. One lot each on Monash Street and Parsons Street were sold in 1922, with the balance going to Amy Hammond (LV V3832/F367). Hammond was recorded as a married woman who resided in Lower Fern Tree Gully. She rapidly sold off the house allotments, with those between Robinson and McKay streets all transferred between 1922 and 1924 (LV V4594/F641). The street names demonstrate the strong influence of H.V. McKay and his family. The southernmost part of the precinct, including the south side of Parson Street, was subdivided last. In 1924 Drayton Street and the triangular block between it and Hill Street was subdivided. Prior to this, from 1901, it had been owned by Percy Thomson, local estate agent who was a key player in the early development of (then) Braybrook Junction, and had been charged with marketing the Braybrook Station Estate on the west side of the railway line (Ford 2001:15). After his death in 1923, his heirs subdivided the land and began to sell off house allotments in 1925, with the last one sold in 1941. Originally, both Drayton Street and Hill Street were called Hill Crescent, in recognition of their combined V-shaped layout.

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Figure 4. Subdivision and sales of land along Drayton Street and the west side of Hill Street in 1924 (both originally called Hill Crescent). (Source: Certificate of Title Vol. 2856 Fol. 046) One year later, in 1925, the land comprising the east side of Hill Street and all of Kingaroy Street was subdivided by joint owners, solicitor Arthur James Johnson and land valuer Cecil Percy Thomson (LV Vol. 5028 Fol. 529). CP Thomson was the son of estate agent Percy Thomson (Ancestry.com). Most of the blocks were sold between 1926 and 1933, when the balance of the land was transferred to Johnson. The sale dates appear to correspond with a September 1926 real estate ad for the ‘Matthews Hill Estate, Sunshine’, though this may have been a shared name with the Drayton Street subdivision as well ( Shepparton Advertiser, 16 Sep 1926:9). Again, the junction with the diagonally-oriented Drayton Street (which follows the railway line) resulted in a wider road reserve between it and Hill Street, which was planted with trees. Both tree ‘plantations’ had been created by the early 1930s, as shown on MMBW plans.

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Figure 5. The 1925 subdivision comprising the east side of Hill Street, Kingaroy Street and part of Cornwall Street. (NB: Derby Road is now Parsons Street, and Morris Street is Matthews Street. (Source: Source: Certificate of Title Vol. 5028 Fol. 529) The street names in the southern half of the precinct reflect the important personages in the Sunshine area at the time. HV McKay was the owner of the nearby Sunshine Harvester Factory, which had given the town its name. Alexander Robinson was a Braybrook City Councillor (and Mayor) (there was also the Shire Engineer, H Robinson and the McKay family’s favourite architect, J Raymond Robinson, who married H.V. McKay’s niece, Nita, in 1923 (McNeil 1984:79)). In the early twentieth century there were Braybrook Shire councillors by the names of Dickson, Parsons and Drayton. Hill Street may have been named in relation to Matthew’s Hill Reserve, located at its southern end, as is Matthews Street. The Railway Department gave this land to Braybrook Council early in the twentieth century. The local progress association and council made improvements to it and there were plans to create a football and cricket ground there, until the Railway Department took much of it back in relation to the Tottenham rail yards around 1920. This remained a sore point with the council until at least the late 1930s and was frequently mentioned by councillors (Sunshine Advocate, 1 Aug 1925:3; 7 Sep 1934:1; 2 Jul 1937:5). The roads were not asphalted until 1932, when Robinson and Mckay streets, Hill Crescent (i.e., Drayton and Hill streets), and Kingaroy Road were paved, after years of complaints from residents (Argus 13 April 1928:19; Sunshine Advocate, 26 Feb 1932:2). It may have been around this time that the treed reserves were created at the meeting of the diagonal streets of the Grand Junction Estate with the newer, rectilinear subdivisions. Eight Canary Island Date Palms, a popular species in the Edwardian and interwar periods, were planted in the central reserve between Victoria and Robinson streets. A smaller reserve was created between Drayton and Hill streets. Work continued on “making” Robinson Street in 1935, as well as laying footpaths along McKay and Parsons streets (Sunshine Advocate, 26 Jul 1935:2). It was not until 1940 that concrete footpaths were laid on Kingaroy and Drayton Streets ( Sunshine Advocate, 12 Apr 1940:2).

8 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT A historic aerial photo dating to 1918 shows the heart of Sunshine at this date. Residential development was concentrated to the west of the railway lines, with McKay’s extensive Harvester Works complex dominating the land east on the east side, with scant residential occupation further east (Ford 2001:252). However, at the time of the aerial, further development was already underway with several of the lots developed by the end of the 1920s.

Figure 6. Aerial of Sunshine, dated 1918. Dickson Street runs east-west, at the right hand side of the photo (marked with a red line). The Sunshine Harvester Works is in the centre of the aerial. (Source: Ford 2011:252) The Significant California Bungalow at 57 Dickson Street was built during the 1920s. Though this side of the street was subdivided in 1912, the house at 57 Dickson Street, then known as 23 Langbein Street, was not built until 1927, when the lot was acquired by owner-occupant Horace Ernest Dedrick, an engineer (S&Mc, LV: V4256/F179). The Depression of the 1930s had a severe effect on Sunshine and building activity slowed. The MMBW plans from 1931-34 depict the precinct as it appeared in the early 1930s. The northern part of the precinct and the streets closest to the station was almost completely developed with only a few pockets of undeveloped lots along Dickson and Whitty streets (MMBW plan No 3966), Station Place (then Station Parade) and Victoria Street (MMBW plan No 3963). Further away from the tracks towards the edges of the precinct, Tyler and Servante streets (MMBW plan No 3967) as well as Robinson and McKay streets (MMBW plan No 3962) had larger stretches of undeveloped lots. The southern tip of the precinct, consisting of Parsons Street (then Derby Road), Drayton Street, Hill Street and Kingaroy Road (MMBW plan No 3959) were the last of the streets to be filled in along with Servante Street. The Significant Moderne house at 86 Monash Street (HO150) was built in 1937-8 for owner- occupant Robert Howie, who acquired the lot in April 1937 (LV:V4386/F196, S&Mc 1937-39). Howie owned and lived at the house until his death in 1954 (LV:V4386/F196; Sunshine Advocate 16 Jul 1954:12) (for further information see Individual Citation for HO150 86 Monash Street, Sunshine). In 1939, a number of streets in Sunshine were renamed. Langbein became Dickson Street, Durham Road became Monash Street, and Derby Road became Parsons Street ( Sunshine Advocate 27 October 1939:2). The Significant Colonial Revival house at 57 Parsons Street was built in 1942 for solicitor J.E Sievers, in the early years of World War II (S&Mc 1943). Sievers himself served in the war, being called away for military service the same year. He returned to Sunshine a year later, in December

9 CONTEXT PTY LTD 1943 and set up practice at 57 Parsons Street ( Sunshine Advocate , 18 December 1942:4, Sunshine Advocate 10 December 1943:4). By the end of World War II, there were still a number of undeveloped lots within the precinct. A 1945 aerial photo shows vacant blocks at the southern ends of Drayton Street (Nos 1-15, 1-4, 12-10 and 21), Kingaroy Road (Nos 1-9, 19 and 4), and with pockets of Tyler Street (Nos 7, 11-13 and 16- 20), Servante Street (Nos 5-9, 14-18, 15 and 19), Parsons Street (Nos 86-88), along with 16 Victoria Street, 17 Whitty Street, 72 Monash Street and 13-15 McKay Street. With Sunshine experiencing a post-war population boom, more and more houses were being built, and the pockets within the precinct began to fill. 1 and 3 Drayton Street were built by 1946, and by 1949 Nos 9 and 13 were completed with several more houses being listed as ‘being built’ (S&Mc 1945,1946 and 1950).

Figure 7. Detail of MMBW plan No 3966, dated c1931 (with some later additions). (Source: PROV)

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Figure 8. Detail of MMBW plan No 3967, dated c1934. (Source: SLV)

Figure 9. Detail of MMBW plan No 3963, dated c1931 (with some later additions). (Source: PROV)

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Figure 10. Detail of MMBW plan No 3962, dated c1934. (Source: SLV)

Figure 11. Detail of MMBW plan No 3959, dated c1934. (Source: SLV)

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Figure 12. A 1945 aerial photo showing development within the precinct being denser towards the railway station. (Source: Melbourne University Map Collection, Melbourne 1945 Photo-maps)

Sources Brimbank City Council, Individual Citation for HO150 86 Monash Street, Sunshine Brimbank City Council, Individual Citation for HO116 2 Tyler Street, Sunshine. Brimbank City Council, Individual Citation for 63 Dickson Street, Sunshine Ford, Olwen 2011, Harvester town: the making of Sunshine 1890-1925 , Sunshine and District Historical Society, Sunshine. Ford, Olwen 2012, Harvester city: the making of multicultural Sunshine 1939 - 1975 , Sunshine and District Historical Society, Sunshine. Ford, Olwen & Gary Vines, Melbourne’s Living Museum of the West, in association with Graeme Butler & Associated and Francine Gilfedder & Associates 2000, ‘Post-contact Cultural Heritage Study Volume 1 - Environmental History’, prepared for Brimbank City Council. Land Victoria (LV), Certificates of Title, as cited. Land Victorian (LV), Lodged Plan, as cited. McNeil, Dorothy. The McKays of Drummartin and Sunshine , 1984. Melbourne University Map Collection, Melbourne 1945 Photo-maps , 1945.melbourne, accessed online 3 April 2017. Public Record Office Victoria (PROV), MMBW plan No 3963, 1931, VPRS 8601/P1. Public Record Office Victoria (PROV), MMBW plan No 3966, 1931 VPRS 8601/P1. Shepparton Advertiser, as cited.

13 CONTEXT PTY LTD State Library of Victoria (SLV), Compliments of Hugh V. McKay Christmas 1921, 1921. State Library of Victoria (SLV), Grand Junction Estate (Durham [Monash Street?], Whitty and Pizzey Streets, Station Place) , 1887. State Library of Victoria (SLV), MMBW plan No 3967, 1934. State Library of Victoria (SLV), MMBW plan No 3959, 1934. State Library of Victoria (SLV), MMBW plan No 3962, 1934. Sands & McDougal Directories (S&Mc), as cited. Sunshine Advocate , as cited. Williamstown Chronicle , as cited.

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Physical Description The northern half of the precinct was subdivided in the late nineteenth century as the Grand Junction Estate. While very little housing development occurred before the twentieth century, the typical nineteenth-century residential subdivision pattern survives with laneways to the rear of Whitty, Tyler, Servante, Victoria, and (part of) Monash streets, as well as Station Place. There is also a rear laneway behind the north side of Dickson Street, which was subdivided separately in 1912. The only other example of this kind of subdivision is the Railway Station Estate on the west side of the railway line, also of the 1880s, most of which is in HO25. While subdivision of most of the precinct area south of Monash Street began just two years later, no further rear laneways were surveyed, only sewer line easements, a pattern typical of the interwar and post-war periods it was developed in. There is a contrast in the width of the east-west and north-south streets in the precinct. The wider east-west ones were originally government roads, surveyed as western continuations of Durham Road, Derby Road and Morris Street. All of the north-south streets, however, were the work of private developers, so maximising saleable house allotments was the priority, creating closer, more intimate streetscapes. The railway line has made a distinct impact not only on the location of this early part of Sunshine, but also on the layout, with streets created by the Grand Junction Estate (Station Place and Victoria Street) as well as the 1924 subdivision (Drayton Street) skewed at a 45-degree angle to the west following the railway line, in order to make most efficient use of land. At the junction between these streets and the standard rectilinear north-south streets, the resultant wider than usual road reserves were filled with tree plantations, creating a distinctive element of the precinct. The larger of the two runs between Victoria and Robinson streets where they meet north of Parson Street. Eight mature and semi-mature Canary Island Date Palms ( Phoenix canariensis ) trees are planted in two rows, some possibly dating from the time the road was constructed in 1928. There is a smaller tree plantation just outside the southern boundary of the precinct, where Drayton and Hill streets meet, which is planted with Norfolk Island Oaks (Lagunaria pattersonii) and an Atlas Cedar (Cedrus atlantica).

Figure 13. The Canary Island Date Palm Trees planted in an island reserve where Victoria and Robinson streets meet. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016)

15 CONTEXT PTY LTD In regard to its built form, the precinct is characterised by a diversity and range of housing from the first half of the twentieth century, representing the filling of these early subdivisions from the 1910s until the 1950s. It contains a consistent streetscape of detached, single storey dwellings, with iron or tiled roofs, and with consistent garden setbacks. The houses are mostly weatherboard with some of face brick. Typical of the interwar styles, in particular of the 1920s bungalows, is the combination of contrasting natural materials such as roughcast render and timber shingles used to achieve visual interest. Early Development The pre-1920s houses within the precinct include 63 Dickson Street, 19 Whitty Street, 17 Robinson Street, 80 & 85 Parsons Street and 2 & 19 Tyler Street. They can be divided into two broad groups: Victorian Italianate dwellings, and Edwardian Queen Anne houses. Italianate houses were built so widely during the nineteenth century that they are considered the ‘typical’ Victorian house today. This style did not end at the turn of the century, but was still constructed by traditional builders up to the outbreak of World War I (sometimes known as ‘Victorian Survival’). Common features of Italianate houses are a low-line M-profile hipped roof, decorative timber brackets below the eaves, a front or return verandah decorated with cast iron with a corrugated-iron roof that is separate from the main roof, vertically proportioned double- hung sash windows often with decorative sidelights and toplight, and a four or six-panelled front door with raised mouldings. Italianate houses of the nineteenth century have verandah posts in the form of slim Corinthian columns or stop-chamfered square posts on simpler houses, and the chimneys are rendered with a cornice or brick with simple corbelling on simpler houses. The ‘Victorian Survival’ versions indicate their later date with turned timber posts, flatter cast-iron patterns, and chimneys of hard red brick with bolder corbelling. There are two houses of this type in the precinct: 19 Whitty Street and 2 Tyler Street. Both have simple, symmetrical facades and weatherboard cladding. The house at 2 Tyler Street was built between 1909 and 1913 (Victorian Survival). The built date of 19 Whitty Street has not been determined, but it may date to the late 1880s. The Edwardian Queen Anne houses are more embellished than the Italianate houses, in their massing, materials and detail. Examples are seen at 80 & 85 Parsons Street, 19 Tyler Street and 17 Robinson Street. The roof forms became more of a dominant element of this style, and all four examples in the precinct have a tall hipped roof, either pyramidal in form or with a small gablet at the very top. The favoured plan form of this style is asymmetric, with a gabled room projecting from one side of the façade and a verandah with turned timber posts and timber fretwork across the other. This is seen on all houses of this group except for the unusual and diminutive 80 Parsons Street which has two projecting front gables, and 19 Tyler Street has a picturesque jerkin-head gable. While the side walls of these four houses are clad in weatherboards, the façade have more elaborate boards: routed to look like stone ashlar or scalloped weatherboards to look like shingles (the later at 80 Parsons Street). It appears that 17 Robinson Street and 80 Parsons Street retain their original timber verandah fretwork.

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Figure 14. The Edwardian Queen Anne 17 Robinson Figure 15. The Victorian Survival 2 Tyler Street. (Source: Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) Brimbank City Council Post-contact Cultural Heritage Study 2000)

Figure 16. 63 Dickson Street. Source: Context Pty Ltd The architect-designed and Significant house of 1915 at 63 Dickson Street features elements from both the Federation bungalow style and the Arts and Crafts movement, distinguished by its bold timber fretwork to the front verandah. The timber house has a hipped roof with a front gablet, and a projecting gable above the verandah. The two chimneys are finished with roughcast render with an exposed band of red brick. Windows on the façade are paired one-over-one double-hung sashes. The walls are clad in weatherboard and the gables are finished in roughcast render. Some alterations have occurred, the bottom third of the timber verandah posts have been replaced with a cream brick balustrade. 1920s Bungalows By definition bungalows are single-storey, though there are also attic-style examples with rooms within the roof space. There is an emphasis on simplicity and natural cladding materials, often relying on the contrast of material textures instead of applied decoration to create visual interest.

17 CONTEXT PTY LTD The use of faux half-timbering and tuckpointed brick survived from the Edwardian period. California Bungalows traditionally have a strong horizontal emphasis, often from a low-pitched transverse gabled roof or flat-roofed porches with Japanese-inspired joinery. Porch supports are simple in line and range from square posts (often paired) to tapered dwarf piers. The Arts & Crafts Bungalow shows a greater English influence and often used buttressing or masonry arches around the entrance. The more vertically massed attic-style bungalows generally fall into this category. Within the precinct, the Arts and Craft bungalows offer an interesting variation of details, such as the front porch at 18 Kingaroy Road, with buttressing and an arch over the entrance. The house at 67 Dickson Street is an earlier example of the style with a jerkin head roof, wide eaves and prominent gable verges supported by timber brackets. The projecting gable above the front porch is supported by massive tapered piers.

Figure 17. 18 Kingaroy Road. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, Figure 18. 67 Dickson Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) 2016)

Within the precinct, the Californian Bungalow is one of the most common architectural styles, displaying a more standardised expression than the Arts and Crafts Bungalows. The houses are characterised by a uniformity in building form, with variations in detail. Within the precinct, this style is represented by predominantly single storey timber bungalows, many are gable fronted with a projecting gable bay and a flat roofed porch often with characteristic tapered piers or paired piers on a brick base. A typical example of the style is the double fronted weatherboard bungalow at 13 Whitty Street, where the vertical expression of the gable fronted house is emphasised by the flat roofed porch. The tapered roughcast piers on a brick base are also typical, as are the timber framed box windows and the roughcast gable ends.

Figure 19. Gable fronted Californian Bungalow, 13 Whitty Figure 20. Gable fronted porch, 12 Kingaroy Road. (Source: Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) Context Pty Ltd, 2016) Even if the main roof was not gable fronted, the front porch could be set beneath its own gable or under the extended roof pitch. The gabled porches often have a shallow pitch and the gable ends

18 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT are decorated with timber shingles or vertical timber straps to emulate half timbering. Two such examples can be seen at 12 Kingaroy Road and 87 Monash Street.

Figure 21. Gable fronted porch with paired tapered piers at Figure 22. Projecting gabled bay and a side porch under the 87 Monash Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) roof pitch, 16 McKay Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016)

Figure 23. 57 Dickson Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) A more substantial and elaborate example of the style is the Significant timber bungalow at 57 Dickson Street. Situated on a corner lot with a generous front and side setbacks, the design makes good use of the site in its very sculptural massing. The main roof form is gable fronted, with two projecting gables and a return porch set under a transverse gable roof. The roof is clad with Marseille patterned terracotta tiles and has decorative terracotta finials, prominent verges and eaves with exposed rafter tails. The walls are weatherboard clad, and the gable ends are decorated with a combination of timber shingles and decorative vertical timber straps. The rendered porch piers are tapered on a red brick base, and the red brick balustrade has a rendered capping and a decorative soldier course in clinker brick. Windows on the façade are timber framed double-hung sash, grouped in threes. The projecting side gable features a canted bay window with wide eaves. The

19 CONTEXT PTY LTD windows have geometric Art Deco leadlights still intact. The house sits behind a low hedge and recent, but sympathetic, picket fence. 1930-40s development The bungalows from the 1930s and early 1940s are influenced by a range of different styles, Spanish Mission, Colonial Revival, Art Deco and Streamlined Moderne, and towards the 1940s the Tudor Revival style. Builders often used a combination of motifs from these different styles. The basic underlying form was a single storey brick or timber villa, with a simple tiled hipped roof, and some with a projecting hipped roof bay to the front. The porches are smaller than those of the 1920s. The hipped roof porches are either incorporated into the main roof form or have a separate, but matching form. The porches have brick or rendered supports. Within the precinct, the architectural variation of the period is perhaps best represented by the range of porch placements and details, such as classical columns (examples at 25 Drayton Street and 22 Servante Street), arches (example at 34 Parsons Street), swagged balustrade with double pillars (example at 89 Monash Street), and Tudor Revival low pointed arches (example at 69 Parsons Street).

Figure 24. 89 Monash Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, Figure 25. 34 Parsons Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) 2016)

Figure 26. 22 Servante Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, Figure 27. 69 Parsons Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) 2016)

The 1930s bungalows at 23 Drayton Street and 25 Drayton Street are examples of how almost identical plans, with a hipped roof, a projecting hipped bay and a hipped roof porch, were treated with different architectural motifs. 23 Drayton Street has references to the Art Deco style with stepped corners to the front verandah and tapestry brick details. 25 Drayton Street instead uses simple classical motifs with double columns framing the front porch.

20 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

Figure 28. 23 Drayton Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, Figure 29. 25 Drayton Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) 2016)

The Significant house at 86 Monash Street is typical in its main form, a single storey timber house, with a hipped roof and a projecting hipped bay by the entrance. However, it is distinguished by its strong Streamlined Moderne styling to the front porch, making it unique within the precinct. Built in 1937-38, the street presentation is dominated by a rendered return porch with a clinker brick plinth and a curved corner 'tower' feature around the entry. Unlike a standard porch, this one has mainly solid walls pierced by large unglazed openings to provide light to the double-hung sash windows inside. These openings incorporate long planter boxes. The Streamlined Moderne styling is seen in the use of a parapet to the whole, incised 'speedlines' around the window openings, raised brick header 'speedlines' to the curved 'tower' feature at the corner paired with a decorative vertical brick pier with three pairs of horizontal bands across it, and a flat concrete hood above the entry and the window openings.

Figure 30. 86 Monash Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016)

21 CONTEXT PTY LTD Also set apart from the more standard 1930s and 40s bungalows within the precinct is the Significant Colonial Revival timber house at 57 Parson Street. Clad in weatherboard, this substantial house and lawyer’s practice was built in 1941-42, just before wartime regulations virtually prevented any houses from being built. The front and side setbacks are consistent with the surrounding houses, but the steeply pitched roof form with vergeless gables and substantial size sets it apart from the low pitched pyramidal roof forms of the standard 1930s bungalows. The house makes good use of its corner site, with two principal elevations. The main form is a combination of the hipped and gabled roof form, clad in dark terracotta tiles. Facing Parsons Street the roof is gabled, with a minor projecting gable set to the side. A second projecting gable is set facing Kingaroy Road, next to the entrance. The entrance is set beneath a catslide roofed porch, with a broken roof pitch to distinguish it from the main form. The main roof is hipped at the rear. Each gable has a slim vertical gable vent. Windows are a mix of six over six double-hung timber sashes, and to the gable ends a tripartite form with a central picture window flanked by four over four double-hung sashes. Typical of the style, the windows have decorative louvred shutters. Also typical of the Colonial Revival style are the returned eaves with moulded fascia and soffits. The low picket fence is a recent addition, but sympathetic.

Figure 31. 57 Parsons Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) Traditional Postwar The edges of the precinct were not developed until shortly after World War II. Following the population increase of the post war years, several new houses were built in the area and the completion of the precinct occurred in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The houses constructed immediately after World War II were constricted by the restrictions on use of building materials. The houses were built in a simple form, stripped of most stylistic overlays, resulting in a simple and traditional expression. While less ornate than the interwar houses, they are still clearly related to the styles and forms popular just before the war. Examples include 13 Drayton Street, a modest Tudor Revival brick house, and 7 & 16 Servante Street, two almost identical timber bungalows, all three with a typical slab brick chimney. Along the south end of Drayton Street, Nos 1-5 are built in a modest Colonial Revival style, all clad in

22 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT weatherboard with a combination of the hipped and gabled roof form. A slightly more elaborate post-war example is the brick Tudor Revival style house at 19 Kingaroy Road.

Figure 32. 7 Servante Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, Figure 33. 19 Kingaroy Road. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) 2016)

Figure 34. 13 Drayton Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, Figure 35. 16 Servante Street. (Source: Context Pty Ltd, 2016) 2016)

Integrity Overall the precinct shows a good level of integrity, garden setbacks generally remain intact, and the streetscape is characterised by single storey detached timber or brick houses. However, some alterations have occurred. The most common alterations include enlarged windows, where original timber framed windows have been replaced by metal framed, replaced or added verandahs and porches, and replacement of 1920s piers with 1950s mild steel posts. There is also a 1930s bungalow dressed up with Federation-era turned timber posts and fretwork. Some houses have also been reclad or overclad, from timber to brick, overpainted or stripped. A few of the houses within the precinct also have intrusive upper storey additions. Where these additions and alterations are minor and/or still enable the original architectural style of the houses to be understood, the house is graded Contributory to the precinct, as it still contributes to the early twentieth-century streetscape. If the additions, particularly relating to the upper storey additions, obliterate the roof form and alter the main form beyond recognition, the houses have been graded Non-Contributory to the precinct.

Comparative Analysis The Grand Junction Estate and Matthew’s Hill Precinct contains typical housing types and styles from the first half of the twentieth century and represents the development of Sunshine during this period, starting from the establishment of H.V. McKay Sunshine Harvester Works. Furthermore,

23 CONTEXT PTY LTD the precinct illustrates the importance of the Braybrook Railway Junction to the growth of Sunshine being an early railway boom subdivision. There are currently eight precincts on the Brimbank Heritage Overlay. Three of these are most comparable to the Grand Railway Estate and Environs precinct in era, architectural expression and history. HO23 - McKay Housing Estate – Durham Road, Sunshine This precinct comprises the H.V. McKay housing estate south and west of the railway line and represents surviving houses from the period 1900s-1930s when the Harvester Works dominated Sunshine. The majority of the houses are Edwardian or 1920s Bungalows, and the houses are predominantly weatherboard clad. There are some designs within the precinct by J. Raymond Robinson, the de facto company architect for the McKay family. Some flat development and later infill has occurred. HO24 - McKay Housing Estate – King Edward Avenue, Sunshine Like HO23, this precinct north of the railway line is another H.V. McKay planned estate, built by or for company workers. The houses represent the period 1910s-1920s and are predominantly weatherboard clad. There are fragmented areas within the precinct where flat development and later infill are interspersed with irregularly placed period houses. HO25 – Railway Station Estate, Sunshine The Railway Station Estate - Wright & Edwards Heritage Area has a mix of housing styles with a small core of late nineteenth century detached row houses, some timber from the 1890s and Edwardian era buildings. The majority of the building stock is timber interwar and California Bungalow styles. The outer edges of the precinct has post 1930s development. Largely intact houses up to the 1950s are graded Contributory to this precinct. The intactness of houses and their setting in the Grand Junction Estate and Matthew’s Hill Precinct compares well to those in other precincts in Brimbank of a similar era. The 1920s, 30s and 40s housing stock within the precinct is generally comparable to those from a similar period within all the above-mentioned precincts. The diversity and wide range of housing of the Grand Junction Estate and Environs Precinct is directly comparable to the Railway Station Estate. Likewise, it was one of the few areas in Sunshine where the residents did not buy the land or houses directly from H.V. McKay. However, the Grand Junction Estate and Environs represents a slightly later and narrower developmental phase, with the precinct almost exclusively being developed post 1907 and the establishment of H.V. McKay Harvester Works. Furthermore, the precinct includes some, for Brimbank, unusual examples of interwar architectural styles.

Statement of Significance What is Significant? The Grand Junction Estate and Matthew’s Hill Precinct, Sunshine, is significant. The precinct consists of an irregular area stretching north-south between Dickson Street and Matthews Street (and the Matthew’s Hill Reserve), and bounded by Kingaroy Road, McKay Street and Servante Street at the east, and the railway line, part of Station Place, Victoria Street and Whitty Street at the west. The area was subdivided in parts, starting with the Grand Junction Estate in 1886, followed by the southern half streets between 1911 and 1925. This residential precinct was developed during the first half of the twentieth century, and showcases a wide range of architectural styles, with the majority from the interwar period. The precinct includes 57-77 Dickson Street, 9-19 and 18-22 Whitty Street, 1-19 & 9-26 Tyler Street, 1-21 & 8-22 Servante Street, 72-98 & 73-91 Monash Street, 1-7 & 6-19 Victoria Street, 4-14 Station Place, 1-17 & 6 Robinson Street, 1-17 & 2-18 McKay Street, 66-88 & 49-87A Parsons Street, 1-29 & 2-16 Drayton Street, 7-19 & 2-20 Hill Street, 44 & 50 Matthews Street, and 1-19 & 2-30 Kingaroy Road.

24 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT Elements which contribute to the Significance of the precinct include: • The early dwellings within the precinct from the Victorian and Edwardian periods, including 63 Dickson Street; 80 and 85 Parsons Street; 4 Station Place; 2 and 19 Tyler Street; and 19 Whitty Street. • The 1920s Arts and Crafts and California Bungalows with their consistent use of materials and built form, including 57, 59, 65, 67, 69 and 73 Dickson Street; 27 Drayton Street; 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 18 Hill Street; 2, 6, 12, 14 and 18 Kingaroy Road; 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 16 and 18 McKay Street; 73, 74, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 96 and 98 Monash Street; 70, 72, 75, 79, and 82 Parsons Street; 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 17 Robinson Street; 1, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13 Servante Street; 8, 10, 12 and 14 Station Place; 1, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 24 Tyler Street; 1, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12, 14 and 16 Victoria Street; and 13, 18, 20 and 22 Whitty Street. • The 1930s and 1940s Bungalows with their consistent built form and wide range of architectural motifs, including 77 Dickson Street; 6, 14, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25 and 29 Drayton Street; 15 and 19 Hill Street; 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16 and 20 Kingaroy Road; 17 McKay Street; 75, 76, 84A, 86 and 89 Monash Street; 34, 51, 53, 57, 66, 68, 69, 71, 81, 83 and 84 Parsons Street; 17, 20, 21 and 22 Servante Street; 12 and 26 Tyler Street; and 9 and 11 Whitty Street. • A selection of dwellings from the post-war era which are traditional in form, scale and siting, and generally modest in their design, and as such make useful contribution to the character of the area, including 75 Dickson Street; 1, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 21 Drayton Street; 13 and 16 Hill Street; 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 and 19 Kingaroy Road; 13 and 15 McKay Street; 72 Monash Street; 59, 86 and 88 Parsons Street; 5, 7, 16, 18 and 19 Servante Street; 7, 11, 13, 18 and 20 Tyler Street; and 17 Witty Street. • The predominantly single storey scale of the precinct • The detached form of the dwellings with consistent front setbacks • Street layout and subdivision patterns. This includes the presence of rear laneways in the Grand Junction Estate, the contrast of wide east-west former government roads (Monash, Parsons and Matthews streets) and narrow, privately subdivided north-south streets (Whitty, Tyler, Servante, Robinson, McKay, Hill and Kangeroy streets), as well as the diagonal streets following the railway line (Station Place, Victoria Street and Drayton Street). Also the two tree plantations at the junction of the diagonal streets with the rectilinear grid of the rest of the precinct (at Victoria Street and Robinson Street, and at Drayton Street and Hill Street). • The tree plantation between Victoria and Robinson streets with mature Canary Island Palms, and the tree plantation between Drayton and Hill streets with Norfolk Island Oaks and an Atlas Cedar plantings. The houses at 57 and 63 Dickson Street, 86 Monash Street, 57 Parsons Street, and 2 Tyler Street are individually Significant. How is it Significant? The precinct is of local historic, architectural and aesthetic significance to the City of Brimbank. Why is it Significant? Historically, the Grand Junction Estate part of the precinct is of significance as a subdivision first developed in the speculative land boom of the 1880s just after the establishment of the Braybrook Railway Junction in 1886. The opening of the railway station, the industrialisation of the area, and the subdivisions that followed created the new township of Braybrook Junction. It was one of only two major nineteenth-century subdivisions in what is now Sunshine, the other being Railway Station Estate (HO25), and it preserves a residential layout typical of that time with rear laneways necessary before sewers were installed. The name, location and the diagonal streets of the Grand Junction Estate all express the importance of the nearby railway line and station on the creation of the estate. The area on the south side of Monash Street, known as Matthew’s Hill since at least the 1920s, has a typical interwar subdivision layout without rear laneways, but a continued rectilinear street grid intersecting with diagonal streets along the railway line.

25 CONTEXT PTY LTD The handful of Victorian and Edwardian houses in the precinct are significant as tangible illustrations of the early establishment of the precinct to the north of Parsons Street. The predominant housing styles in the precinct are from the interwar era and immediately following World War II and illustrate the remarkable population growth which followed the establishment of H.V. McKay’s Sunshine Harvester Works at Braybrook Junction in 1907, and the continued industrial prosperity of the area after the war. (Criterion A) Architecturally, the precinct is of significance for its diversity and wide range of housing from the 1900s-1950s, including Arts and Crafts and California Bungalows, 1930s-40s Bungalows with a wide range of stylistic influences including Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, Art Deco and Streamlined Moderne. Furthermore, the many representative 1920s and 1930s bungalows create consistent interwar streetscapes across the precinct, with freestanding, single storey brick or timber houses and consistent garden setbacks. (Criterion D) Aesthetically, the precinct is of significance for its visual unity achieved despite the long period of development, due to the majority of the post-war houses being of sympathetic and traditional design related to the architectural forms seen before the war. Furthermore, the precinct is distinguished by a handful of designs that are unusual or highly intact within the City of Brimbank, such as the Victorian Survival dwelling at 2 Tyler Street, the substantial Colonial Revival villa at 57 Parsons Street, the Streamlined Moderne dwelling at 86 Monash Street, the highly intact California Bungalow at 57 Dickson Street, and the architect-designed Arts & Craft Bungalow at 63 Dickson Street, all of which are Significant within the precinct. The tree plantations at the intersection of the two street grids contribute to the aesthetics of these streetscapes, and demonstrate beautification works carried out by the Braybrook Shire Council during the interwar period. (Criterion E)

26 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

Gradings and Recommendations Recommended for inclusion in the Schedule to the Heritage Overlay of the Brimbank Planning Scheme as a precinct. PRECINCT GRADINGS SCHEDULE

Name Number Street Grading Built Date

57 Dickson Street Significant 1927 59 Dickson Street Contributory 1920s 61 Dickson Street Non-contributory 63 Dickson Street Significant 1915 65 Dickson Street Contributory 1920s 67 Dickson Street Contributory 1920s 69 Dickson Street Contributory 1920s 71 Dickson Street Non-contributory 73 Dickson Street Contributory 1920s 75 Dickson Street Contributory 1945-49 77 Dickson Street Contributory 1930s 1 Drayton Street Contributory 1945-49 2 Drayton Street Non-contributory 2A Drayton Street Non-contributory 3 Drayton Street Non-contributory 1945-49, altered 4 Drayton Street Non-contributory 5 Drayton Street Contributory 1945-49 6 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s 7 Drayton Street Contributory 1959-60 9 Drayton Street Contributory 1945-49 10 Drayton Street Contributory 1950s 11 Drayton Street Contributory 1949-50 12 Drayton Street Contributory 1950s 13 Drayton Street Contributory 1945-49 14 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s-40s 15 Drayton Street Non-contributory 16 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s 17 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s 19 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s 21 Drayton Street Contributory 1959-60 23 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s 25 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s 27 Drayton Street Contributory 1920s 29 Drayton Street Contributory 1930s

27 CONTEXT PTY LTD

2 Hill Street Non-contributory 4 Hill Street Non-contributory 1920s, altered 6 Hill Street Contributory 1920s 7 Hill Street Non-contributory Cooma 8 Hill Street Contributory 1920s 9 Hill Street Non-contributory 10 Hill Street Contributory 1920s 12 Hill Street Contributory 1920s 13 Hill Street Contributory 1940s 14 Hill Street Contributory 1920s 15 Hill Street Contributory 1930s 16 Hill Street Contributory 1940s 17 Hill Street Non-contributory 18 Hill Street Contributory 1920s 19 Hill Street Contributory 1930s 20 Hill Street Non-contributory 1 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1950s 2 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1920s 3 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1950s 4 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1950s 5 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1950s 6 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1920s 7 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1950s 8 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1930s 9 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1945-49 10 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1930s 11 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1930s 12 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1920s 13 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1940s 14 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1920s 15 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1930s 16 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1940s 17 Kingaroy Road Non-contributory 18 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1920s 19 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1945-49 20 Kingaroy Road Contributory 1930s 44 Matthews Street Non-contributory 50 Matthews Street Non-contributory 1 McKay Street Non-contributory

28 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

2 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 3 McKay Street Non-contributory 3A McKay Street Non-contributory 4 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 5 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 6 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 7 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 8 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 9 McKay Street Non-contributory 10 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 11 McKay Street Non-contributory 12 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 13 McKay Street Contributory 1960s 14 McKay Street Non-contributory 15 McKay Street Contributory 1960s 16 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 17 McKay Street Contributory 1930s 18 McKay Street Contributory 1920s 72 Monash Street Contributory 1945-49 73 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 74 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 75 Monash Street Contributory 1930s 76 Monash Street Contributory 1930s 77 Monash Street Non-contributory 78 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 79 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 80 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 81 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 82 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 83 Monash Street Non-contributory 84 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 84A Monash Street Contributory 1930s 85 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 86 Monash Street Significant (HO150) 1937-38 87 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 88 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 89 Monash Street Contributory 1930s 90 Monash Street Non-contributory 91A Monash Street Non-contributory

29 CONTEXT PTY LTD

91 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 94 Monash Street Non-contributory 96 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 98 Monash Street Contributory 1920s 44 Matthews Street Non-contributory 49 Parsons Street Non-contributory 1930s, altered 51 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 53 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 55 Parsons Street Non-contributory 57 Parsons Street Significant 1941-42 59 Parsons Street Contributory 1945-49 61 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 63 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 65 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 66 Parsons Street Contributory 1940s 67 Parsons Street Non-contributory 68 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 69 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 70 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 71 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 72 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 73 Parsons Street Non-contributory 73A Parsons Street Non-contributory 74 Parsons Street Non-contributory 75 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 76 Parsons Street Non-contributory 77 Parsons Street Non-contributory 78 Parsons Street Non-contributory 79 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 80 Parsons Street Contributory 1910s 81 Parsons Street Non-contributory 1930s 82 Parsons Street Contributory 1920s 83 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s Ruby 84 Parsons Street Contributory 1930s 85 Parsons Street Contributory 1910s 86 Parsons Street Contributory 1950s 87A Parsons Street Non-Contributory 88 Parsons Street Contributory 1950s 1 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s

30 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

3 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s 5 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s 6 Robinson Street Non-contributory 7 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s 9 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s 11 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s 13 Robinson Street Non-contributory 1920s, altered 15 Robinson Street Non-contributory 17 Robinson Street Contributory 1920s 1 Servante Street Contributory 1920s 3 Servante Street Contributory 1920s 5 Servante Street Contributory 1960s 7 Servante Street Contributory 1960s 8 Servante Street Non-contributory 1920s, altered 9 Servante Street Non-contributory 10 Servante Street Contributory 1920s 11 Servante Street Contributory 1920s 12 Servante Street Contributory 1920s 13 Servante Street Contributory 1920s 14 Servante Street Non-contributory Beaufort House 15 Servante Street Non-contributory c1947-49 16 Servante Street Contributory 1950s 17 Servante Street Contributory 1930s 18 Servante Street Contributory 1950s 19 Servante Street Contributory 1950s 20 Servante Street Contributory 1930s 21 Servante Street Contributory 1930s 22 Servante Street Contributory 1930s 4 Station Place Contributory 1910s 6 Station Place Non-contributory 8 Station Place Contributory 1920s 10 Station Place Contributory 1920s 12 Station Place Contributory 1920s 14 Station Place Contributory 1920s 1 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s Palmas 2 Tyler Street Significant (HO116) 1900s 3 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s 4 Tyler Street Non-contributory 5 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s

31 CONTEXT PTY LTD

6 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s 7 Tyler Street Contributory 1945-49 8 Tyler Street Non-contributory 1920s, altered 9 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s 10 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s 11 Tyler Street Contributory 1950s 12 Tyler Street Contributory 1930s 13 Tyler Street Contributory 1950s 14 Tyler Street Non-contributory 15 Tyler Street Non-contributory 16 Tyler Street Non-contributory 18 Tyler Street Contributory 1950s 19 Tyler Street Contributory 1910s 20 Tyler Street Contributory 1960s 24 Tyler Street Contributory 1920s 26 Tyler Street Contributory 1930s 1 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 3 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 5 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 6 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 7 Victoria Street Non-contributory 1920s, altered 8 Victoria Street Non-contributory 10 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 12 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 14 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 16 Victoria Street Contributory 1920s 9 Whitty Street Contributory 1930s 11 Whitty Street Contributory 1930s 13 Whitty Street Contributory 1920s 15 Whitty Street Non-contributory 17 Whitty Street Contributory 1940s 18 Whitty Street Contributory 1920s 19 Whitty Street Contributory c1890 20 Whitty Street Contributory 1920s 22 Whitty Street Contributory 1920s

32 GRAND JUNCTION ESTATE & MATTHEW’S HILL PRECINCT

Recommendations for the Schedule to the Heritage Overlay (Clause 43.01) in the Brimbank Planning Scheme:

External Paint Colours No Is a permit required to paint an already painted surface? Internal Alteration Controls No Is a permit required for internal alterations?

Tree Controls Yes – Canary Island Palms in Victoria and Robinson Is a permit required to remove a tree? streets reserve Victorian Heritage Register No Is the place included on the Victorian Heritage Register? Incorporated Plan No Does an Incorporated Plan apply to the site? Outbuildings and fences exemptions No Are there outbuildings and fences which are not exempt from notice and review? Prohibited uses may be permitted Can a permit be granted to use the place for a use which would otherwise be No prohibited? Aboriginal Heritage Place Is the place an Aboriginal heritage place which is subject to the requirements of No the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006?

33