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2021 Wachovia Historical Society 125Th Annual Meeting—Oct
WT The Wachovia Tract WT A Publication of the Wachovia Historical Society Volume 21, Issue 1 Spring 2021 Wachovia Historical Society 125th Annual Meeting—Oct. 20 by Paul F. Knouse, Jr. and Johnnie P. Pearson The 125th Annual Meeting of the Wachovia Historical Society was held virtually last Oc- tober 20, 2020, a change in our original plans for the meeting due to the pandemic. WHS is most grateful to Mr. Erik Salzwedel, Business Manager of the Moravian Music Foundation. Erik did a masterful job of working with Annual Meeting chair, Johnnie P. Pearson, to string together music recordings, presentations by WHS Board Members, the Annual Oration, and the presentation of the Archie K. Davis Award in a seamless video production of our annual meeting Inside Spring 2021 on WHS’s own You Tube channel. We are also pleased that those una- ble to view the meeting “live” may still view the video at any time on this channel. Thank you, Erik and Johnnie, and all participants, for your work and for making it possible to continue our Annual Meet- 125th Annual Meeting…...pp. 1-5 ing tradition. Renew Your Membership.…...p.5 The October 20th telecast began with organ music by Mary Louise 2020 Archie K. Davis Award Kapp Peeples from the CD, “Sing Hallelujah,” and instrumental mu- Winner…………….…….....p. 6 sic from the Moravian Lower Brass in the CD, “Harmonious to President’s Report…….……..p. 7 Dwell.” Both CD’s are produced by and available for sale from the 126th Annual Meeting…..…..p. 8 Moravian Music Foundation (see covers Join the Guild!.................…..p. -
South Carolina Loyalists in the American Revolution South Carolina in 1776 (Adapted by R
South Carolina Loyalists in the American Revolution South Carolina in 1776 (adapted by R. S. Lambert from James Cook, 1773) Note: Broken lines, combined with natural features (e.g. rivers) delineate boundaries of judicial districts. Robert Stansbury Lambert Second Edition Works produced at Clemson University by the Center for Electronic and Digital Publishing, including Th e South Carolina Review and its themed series “Virginia Woolf International,” “Ireland in the Arts and Humanities,” and “James Dickey Revisited” may be found at our Web site: http://www.clemson.edu/caah/cedp. Contact the director at 864-656-5399 for information. Copyright 2010 by Clemson University ISBN 978-0-9842598-8-5 Second Edition CLEMSON UNIVERSITY DIGITAL PRESS Published by Clemson University Digital Press at the Center for Electronic and Digital Publishing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina. Editorial Assistants: Christina Cook, Ashley Dannelly, Steve Johnson, Carrie Kolb Cover Design: Christina Cook Produced with the Adobe Creative Suite CS5 and Microsoft Word. Th is book is set in Adobe Garamond Pro and was printed by University Printing Services, Offi ce of Publica- tions and Promotional Services, Clemson University. To order copies, contact the Center for Electronic and Digital Publishing, Strode Tower, Box 340522, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0522. To Edythe and Anne Contents Preface .......................................................................................................... viii Abbreviations and Acronyms ....................................................................... -
Old Salem Historic District Design Review Guidelines
Old Salem Historic District Guide to the Certificate of Appropriateness (COA) Process and Design Review Guidelines PREFACE e are not going to discuss here the rules of the art of building “Was a whole but only those rules which relate to the order and way of building in our community. It often happens due to ill-considered planning that neighbors are molested and sometimes even the whole community suffers. For such reasons in well-ordered communities rules have been set up. Therefore our brotherly equality and the faithfulness which we have expressed for each other necessitates that we agree to some rules and regulation which shall be basic for all construction in our community so that no one suffers damage or loss because of careless construction by his neighbor and it is a special duty of the Town council to enforce such rules and regulations. -From Salem Building” Regulations Adopted June 1788 i n 1948, the Old Salem Historic District was subcommittee was formed I established as the first locally-zoned historic to review and update the Guidelines. district in the State of North Carolina. Creation The subcommittee’s membership of the Old Salem Historic District was achieved included present and former members in order to protect one of the most unique and of the Commission, residential property significant historical, architectural, archaeological, owners, representatives of the nonprofit and cultural resources in the United States. and institutional property owners Since that time, a monumental effort has been within the District, and preservation undertaken by public and private entities, and building professionals with an nonprofit organizations, religious and educational understanding of historic resources. -
Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 1 Of
Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 1 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 2 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 3 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 4 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 5 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 6 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 7 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 8 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 9 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 10 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 11 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 12 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 13 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 14 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 15 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 16 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 17 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 18 of 502 Case 17-12443 Doc 1 Filed 11/15/17 Page 19 of 502 1 CYCLE CENTER H/D 1-ELEVEN INDUSTRIES 100 PERCENT 107 YEARICKS BLVD 3384 WHITE CAP DR 9630 AERO DR CENTRE HALL PA 16828 LAKE HAVASU CITY AZ 86406 SAN DIEGO CA 92123 100% SPPEDLAB LLC 120 INDUSTRIES 1520 MOTORSPORTS 9630 AERO DR GERALD DUFF 1520 L AVE SAN DIEGO CA 92123 30465 REMINGTON RD CAYCE SC 29033 CASTAIC CA 91384 1ST AMERICAN FIRE PROTECTION 1ST AYD CO 2 CLEAN P O BOX 2123 1325 GATEWAY DR PO BOX 161 MANSFIELD TX 76063-2123 ELGIN IN 60123 HEISSON WA 98622 2 WHEELS HEAVENLLC 2 X MOTORSPORTS 241 PRAXAIR DISTRIBUTION INC 2555 N FORSYTH RD STE A 1059 S COUNTRY CLUB DRRIVE DEPT LA 21511 ORLANDO FL 32807 MESA AZ -
Program of the 76Th Annual Meeting
PROGRAM OF THE 76 TH ANNUAL MEETING March 30−April 3, 2011 Sacramento, California THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Society for American Archaeology provides a forum for the dissemination of knowledge and discussion. The views expressed at the sessions are solely those of the speakers and the Society does not endorse, approve, or censor them. Descriptions of events and titles are those of the organizers, not the Society. Program of the 76th Annual Meeting Published by the Society for American Archaeology 900 Second Street NE, Suite 12 Washington DC 20002-3560 USA Tel: +1 202/789-8200 Fax: +1 202/789-0284 Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.saa.org Copyright © 2011 Society for American Archaeology. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publisher. Program of the 76th Annual Meeting 3 Contents 4................ Awards Presentation & Annual Business Meeting Agenda 5………..….2011 Award Recipients 11.................Maps of the Hyatt Regency Sacramento, Sheraton Grand Sacramento, and the Sacramento Convention Center 17 ................Meeting Organizers, SAA Board of Directors, & SAA Staff 18 ............... General Information . 20. .............. Featured Sessions 22 ............... Summary Schedule 26 ............... A Word about the Sessions 28…………. Student Events 29………..…Sessions At A Glance (NEW!) 37................ Program 169................SAA Awards, Scholarships, & Fellowships 176................ Presidents of SAA . 176................ Annual Meeting Sites 178................ Exhibit Map 179................Exhibitor Directory 190................SAA Committees and Task Forces 194…….…….Index of Participants 4 Program of the 76th Annual Meeting Awards Presentation & Annual Business Meeting APRIL 1, 2011 5 PM Call to Order Call for Approval of Minutes of the 2010 Annual Business Meeting Remarks President Margaret W. -
Free Land Attracted Many Colonists to Texas in 1840S 3-29-92 “No Quitting Sense” We Claim Is Typically Texas
“Between the Creeks” Gwen Pettit This is a compilation of weekly newspaper columns on local history written by Gwen Pettit during 1986-1992 for the Allen Leader and the Allen American in Allen, Texas. Most of these articles were initially written and published, then run again later with changes and additions made. I compiled these articles from the Allen American on microfilm at the Allen Public Library and from the Allen Leader newspapers provided by Mike Williams. Then, I typed them into the computer and indexed them in 2006-07. Lois Curtis and then Rick Mann, Managing Editor of the Allen American gave permission for them to be reprinted on April 30, 2007, [email protected]. Please, contact me to obtain a free copy on a CD. I have given a copy of this to the Allen Public Library, the Harrington Library in Plano, the McKinney Library, the Allen Independent School District and the Lovejoy School District. Tom Keener of the Allen Heritage Guild has better copies of all these photographs and is currently working on an Allen history book. Keener offices at the Allen Public Library. Gwen was a longtime Allen resident with an avid interest in this area’s history. Some of her sources were: Pioneering in North Texas by Capt. Roy and Helen Hall, The History of Collin County by Stambaugh & Stambaugh, The Brown Papers by George Pearis Brown, The Peters Colony of Texas by Seymour V. Conner, Collin County census & tax records and verbal history from local long-time residents of the county. She does not document all of her sources. -
The Eastern Cherokees
Cl)e LilJratp of ti>t Onlvjer^itp of Jl3ott6 Carolina Collection of iRottI) Catoliniana Hofin feprunt ^(11 of t^e Cla00 of 1889 H UNIVERSITY OF N C AT CHAPEL HILL 00030748843 This book must not be token from the Library building. Form No. 471 ^y 'S SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY The Eastern Cherokees By WILLIAM HARLEN GILBERT, Jr. Anthropological Papers, No. 23 From Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 133, pp. 169-413, pis. 13-11 ^,,,.1 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY The Eastern Cherokees By WILLIAM HARLEN GILBERT, Jr. Anthropological Papers, No. 23 FromjBureau'of American Ethnology Bulletin 133, pp. 169-413, pb. 13-17 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1943 (2. '^ -f o.o S^ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 133 Anthropological Papers, No. 23 The Eastern Cherokees By WILLIAM HARLEN GILBERT, Jr. 169 CONTENTS PAGE Preface 175 Introduction 177 Description of the present society 177 The environmental frame 177 General factors 177 Location 178 Climatic factors 182 Inorganic elements 183 Flora and fauna 184 Ecology of the Cherokees 186 The somatic basis 193 History of our knowledge of Cherokee somatology 193 Blood admixture 194 Present-day physical type 195 Censuses of numbers and pedigrees 197 Cultural backgrounds 198 Southeastern traits 198 Cultural approach 199 Present-day Qualla 201 Social units 201' Tlie town 201 The household 202 The clan 203 Economic units 209 Political units 215 The kinship system 216 Principal terms used 216 Morgan's System -
Creating a Sense of Communityamong the Capital City Cherokees
CREATING A SENSE OF COMMUNITYAMONG THE CAPITAL CITY CHEROKEES by Pamela Parks Tinker A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of George Mason University in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Interdisciplinary Studies Committee: ____________________________________ Director ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Program Director ____________________________________ Dean, College of Humanities and Social Sciences Date:________________________________ Spring 2016 George Mason University Fairfax, VA Creating a Sense Of Community Among Capital City Cherokees A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Interdisciplinary Studies at George Mason University By Pamela Parks Tinker Bachelor of Science Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University 1975 Director: Meredith H. Lair, Professor Department of History Spring Semester 2016 George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia Copyright 2016 Pamela Parks Tinker All Rights Reserved ii Acknowledgements Thanks to the Capital City Cherokee Community for allowing me to study the formation of the community and for making time for personal interviews. I am grateful for the guidance offered by my Thesis Committee of three professors. Thesis Committee Chair, Professor Maria Dakake, also served as my advisor over a period of years in planning a course of study that truly has been interdisciplinary. It has been a joyful situation to be admitted to a variety of history, religion and spirituality, folklore, ethnographic writing, and research courses under the umbrella of one Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies program. Much of the inspiration for this thesis occurred at George Mason University in Professor Debra Lattanzi Shutika’s Folklore class on “Sense of Place” in which the world of Ethnography opened up for me. -
David Fanning and Retaliatory Violence Between Tories and Whigs in the Revolutionary Carolinas
“Blood for blood”: David Fanning and Retaliatory Violence between Tories and Whigs in the Revolutionary Carolinas By: Gregory Mayr History 586: Advanced Seminar in History Kansas State University Spring 2014 Professor Louise Breen Abstract This paper, relying primarily on Loyalist Colonel David Fanning’s personal narrative of the American Revolution, will argue that Fanning applied, in some of his actions, a form of retributive reasoning similar to that described by Historians Wayne E. Lee and Jeffrey J. Crow as typical for the revolutionary Carolinas. In Fanning’s case, the code by which he decided what to do in given situations was more complex than a one-dimensional law of retaliation; Fanning made an effort to incorporate conventional forms of honor into his actions, but harbored a great deal of distrust for his adversaries that came out of the experiences he had during the Revolution with his Whig opponents. His targets were purposive, aimed at Whig leadership, supplies and government officials. Fanning’s level of violence escalated toward the end of the revolution due to his genuine disdain for the rebels and his resentment at fighting what he eventually acknowledged to be a losing war. Keywords: Fanning; Retaliation; Retribution; lex talionis; Burke 2 On 28 February 1782, the infamous loyalist partisan David Fanning wrote a cold and threatening letter of protest to Governor Thomas Burke of North Carolina. The Whig government had hanged “three of my men, one Captain and two privates,” and was detaining an additional “Captain and six men under the sentence of death.”1 Fanning knew that the British cause had entered its death throes with the definitive American victory at Yorktown, Virginia, in October, 1781, but fighting units remained mobilized until the signing of the peace treaty in 1783, and in the meantime governments throughout the former colonies had to make decisions about how to deal with the militia men who continued the civil war in the southern frontier. -
DECORATIVE ARTS GALLERY New Self-Guided Gallery to Open As Part of 250Th Anniversary of Salem, NC Celebration
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE News media contact Steve Bumgarner 336.722.9660 or [email protected] Photo Credit: Shop Sign by Gottfried Aust Salem, North Carolina (1773) Slip-decorated earthenware Collection of Wachovia Historical Society Courtesy of Old Salem Museums & Gardens OLD SALEM TO OPEN DIANNE H. FURR MORAVIAN DECORATIVE ARTS GALLERY New Self-Guided Gallery to Open as Part of 250th Anniversary of Salem, NC Celebration Winston-Salem, NC (AUGUST 8, 2016) — Old Salem Museums & Gardens is delighted to announce the opening this fall of a new self-guided gallery, the Dianne H. Furr Moravian Decorative Arts Gallery. The gallery will open to the public on October 22, 2016. The Dianne H. Furr Moravian Decorative Arts Gallery will include nearly 2,500 square feet in the Frank L. Horton Museum Center at 924 S. Main Street. It will be dedicated to the rich material culture created by the Moravians of North Carolina. Over 150 objects made by Moravian settlers living in the Wachovia tract between 1753 and 1850 will be displayed, including furniture, paintings, textiles, ceramics, metals, musical instruments, and more. Old Salem Museums & Gardens has the premier collection of Moravian decorative arts in the country. The new gallery will display masterworks from its collection, including important holdings from the Wachovia Historical Society. Many of these objects have been in storage for decades while others have been exhibited only periodically. “This gallery will provide Old Salem visitors with a gateway into the material world of the Moravians who settled North Carolina in the 18th century,” said Johanna Brown, Curator of Moravian Decorative Arts at Old Salem. -
Wachovia Papers (North Carolina)
i Finding aid of the Wachovia Papers 1750 – 1857 WachP Paul Peucker 2015 ii Table of Contents Introduction iii Finding Aid 1 Catalogs 1 Correspondence 1 Diary 19 Finances 40 History and Commemorations 41 Initial Purchase and Settlement 43 Instructions 44 Memoirs (Most memoirs are included in the diary) 46 Minutes 47 Missions (Also see the reports included in the diary) 47 Oversight of Trades 48 Property 48 Relations with the Government 49 Travel 51 Various 53 iii INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reference Code WachP 1.2 Title Wachovia Papers 1.3 Date(s) 1750‐1857 1.4 Level of Description Item level 1.5 Extent and medium of the unit of description (quantity, bulk, or size) 15 boxes 2.1 Name of Creator Bethlehem Congregation, Provincial Helpers’ Conference 2.2 Administrative / Biographical History In 1753 Moravians purchased 98,985 acres in North Carolina and called it Wachau or, in English, Wachovia. The name Wachau is part of Count Zinzendorf’s noble title and refers to an area in Austria where the Zinzendorfs’ ancestral estate was located. The Moravians founded several congregations in Wachovia: Bethabara, Bethania, Salem (now Winston‐Salem) as the central town, Friedberg, and Friedland. During the first decades of its existence the Elders Conference in Bethlehem (beginning 1762 the Oeconomatskonferenz) oversaw the activities in Wachovia and the leaders in Wachovia reported to Bethlehem. Therefore, many letters, reports, diaries, memoirs, and financial statements were sent to Bethlehem during the early decades. 2.3 Archival History Records relating to the congregations in Wachovia were made into a separate record group and arranged by Kenneth Hamilton. -
Treaty Signers: Yellow Indicates Middle and Overhill, Red Letter Indicates Are Lower
Treaty Signers: Yellow indicates Middle and Overhill, Red Letter indicates are Lower Pre-American Revolution Treaty 1684 between two Cherokee towns with English Traders of Carolina, Established beginning a steady trade in deerskins and Indian slaves. Nation's leaders who signed were- Corani the Raven (Ka lanu): Sinnawa the Hawk (Tla nuwa): Nellawgitchi (possibly Mankiller): Gorhaleke: Owasta: all of Toxawa: and Canacaught, the Great Conqueror: Gohoma: Caunasaita of Keowee. Note: Majority of signers are actually Shawnee. Gorheleke Aka George Light Sky or Letsky better known as Bloody Fellow later commissioned by George Washington. This mixed signers. Treaty with South Carolina, 1721 Ceded land between the Santee, Saluda, and Edisto Rivers to the Province of South Carolina. Note: Settlers encroached violating Treaty Treaty of Nikwasi, 1730 Trade agreement with the Province of North Carolina through Alexander Cumming. Note: Cummings was not authorized by the crown to negotiate on behalf of England. He fled debtor’s prison to the colonies. Articles of Trade and Friendship, 1730 Established rules for trade between the Cherokee and the English colonies. Signed between seven Cherokee chiefs (including Attakullakulla) and George I of England. Note: No Cessions. Treaty with South Carolina, 1755 Ceded land between the Wateree and Santee Rivers to the Province of South Carolina. Note: Settlers encroached violating Treaty. Treaty of Long-Island-on-the-Holston, 1761 Ended the Anglo-Cherokee War with the Colony of Virginia. Note: Settlers encroached violating Treaty. Page 1 of 7 Treaty of Charlestown, 1762 Ended the Anglo-Cherokee War with the Province of South Carolina. No Cessions, Colonists continued to encroach.