Wachovia Papers (North Carolina)

Finding aid of the

Wachovia Papers 1750 – 1857

WachP

Paul Peucker 2015 ii

Table of Contents

Introduction iii

Finding Aid 1

Catalogs 1 Correspondence 1 Diary 19 Finances 40 History and Commemorations 41 Initial Purchase and Settlement 43 Instructions 44 Memoirs (Most memoirs are included in the diary) 46 Minutes 47 Missions (Also see the reports included in the diary) 47 Oversight of Trades 48 Property 48 Relations with the Government 49 Travel 51 Various 53

iii

INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reference Code WachP

1.2 Title Wachovia Papers

1.3 Date(s) 1750‐1857

1.4 Level of Description Item level

1.5 Extent and medium of the unit of description (quantity, bulk, or size) 15 boxes

2.1 Name of Creator Bethlehem Congregation, Provincial Helpers’ Conference

2.2 Administrative / Biographical History In 1753 Moravians purchased 98,985 acres in North Carolina and called it Wachau or, in English, Wachovia. The name Wachau is part of Count Zinzendorf’s noble title and refers to an area in Austria where the Zinzendorfs’ ancestral estate was located. The Moravians founded several congregations in Wachovia: Bethabara, Bethania, Salem (now Winston‐Salem) as the central town, Friedberg, and Friedland. During the first decades of its existence the Elders Conference in Bethlehem (beginning 1762 the Oeconomatskonferenz) oversaw the activities in Wachovia and the leaders in Wachovia reported to Bethlehem. Therefore, many letters, reports, diaries, memoirs, and financial statements were sent to Bethlehem during the early decades.

2.3 Archival History Records relating to the congregations in Wachovia were made into a separate record group and arranged by Kenneth Hamilton. Hamilton's organization may have been based on an older system of arrangement and there was much overlap between folders. Hamilton's successor Vernon Nelson moved boxes from the records of the PHC that related to Wachovia and included them into the Wachovia Records. Vernon Nelson also compiled inventory lists of some of the boxes. In 2014 Paul Peucker began rearranging the papers. He added additional boxes from PHC records (correspondence until 1857) to the Wachovia Papers for reasons of consistency. Maps found with the Wachovia Papers were moved to the collection of Drawings and Prints. The finding aid was completed in 2015.

2.4 Immediate source of acquisition or transfer n/a

3.1 Scope and content The record group contains mostly reports, diaries, correspondence and other documents, relating to the oversight of the Bethlehem congregation (after 1762: the Provincial Helpers' Conference) had over Moravian activity in North Carolina. An apparent gap is the year 1758.

3.2 Appraisal, desctruction and scheduling information n/a

3.3 Accruals Not expected

3.4 System of Arrangement The records are organized by the following categories: catalogs, correspondence, diary, finances, history and commemorations, initial purchase and settlement, instructions, memoirs, minutes, missions, oversight of trades, property, relations with the government, travel, and various.

4.1 Conditions governing access unrestricted

4.2 Conditions governing reproduction Researchers may make digital reproductions for the purpose of personal study. Reproductions may not be published shared with others without permission of the Moravian Archives.

4.3 Language/ scripts of material Mostly German, English

4.4 Physical characteristics and technical requirements n/a

4.5 Finding aids Item level finding aid; searchable database (Augias), also online

5.1 Existence and location of originals n/a

5.2 Existence and location of copies In 1952 a selection of letters were microfilmed for Old Salem (see letter in file). It is unknown if other material was ever microfilmed.

5.3 Related units of description See the records at the Southern Province Archives in Winston‐Salem; for additional travel journals, see TravJournals; Ettwein Papers

5.4 Publication Note C. Daniel Crews and Richard W. Starbuck. With Courage for the Future: The Story of the Moravian Church, Southern Province. Winston‐Salem, N.C: Moravian Church in America, Southern Province, 2002. Fries, Adelaide L, Douglas L. Rights, Minnie J. Smith, Kenneth G. Hamilton, C D. Crews, and Lisa D. Bailey. Records of the Moravians in North Carolina. Raleigh: Edwards & Broughton Print. Co, 11 vols.,1922‐(2006).

6.1 Note

7.1 Archivist’s Note

7.2 Rules or Conventions

7.3 Date(s) of descriptions 2014‐2015

Moravian Archives Bethlehem «Wachovia Papers» 1

Catalogs

143 Lists of residents of Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1756. Includes: ‐. list of the first brethren who went from Bethlehem to Wachovia, 1753 Oct. 8 (2x) ‐. list of four brethren sent to Wachovia with biographical information, March 1755 ‐. schedule of the "Stundenwache," hourly prayer watch, 1755 or later ‐. list of the single brethren in Wachovia, 1756 Aug. 23 ‐. list of married people and single brothers in Waachovia, 1756 Sept. 16 ‐. list of all "souls" in Bethabara and Bethania, 1762 Sept. 10 1 item German

Correspondence

218 Correspondence with Henry Cossart regarding Wachovia, 1752 ‐ 1755. The end of the letter to Spangenberg, London 12 May 1752, appears to have been written by Zinzendorf. 1 folder German, English

223 Correspondence with Zinzendorf regarding Wachovia, 1752 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German

221 Letters received by Spangenberg from Henry Antes, with one response by Spangenberg, 1752 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German

213 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1754. Includes: ‐. Spangenberg to Daniel Benezet, 1753 Jan. 20 (2x) ‐. Bernhard Adam Grube to Spangenberg, Wachovia, Dec. 18, 1753 ‐. Spangenberg to [Arthur Dobbs ?], Lindseyhouse, 1754 Jan. 9 ‐. Christian Schmidt to Spangenberg, Stettin, 1754 Jan. 22

The reference number is the number on the left of the title. In order to request or cite items, you need the name/abbreviation of the record group and the reference number Moravian Archives Bethlehem «Wachovia Papers» 2

‐. Br. Hess to Spangenberg, Gotha, 1754 Aug. 8 1 folder German, English

217 Correspondence with Peter Boehler regarding Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German

3 Letters, received from Jacob Loesch in Bethabara, 1753 ‐ 1757. 1 folder German

222 Correspondence with Jonas Paulus Weiss regarding Wachovia, 1754 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German

219 Letters received from Jacob Friis in Wachovia, 1754 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German

216 Correspondence with Kornelis van Laer regarding Wachovia, 1754 ‐ 1756. 1 folder German

139 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1755. Includes letters from: ‐. Johannes Lischer to Spangenberg, n.d. ‐. Friedrich von Marschall to Ludwig Benzien, London 1755 March 30 (with note by Spangenberg) ‐. Ludwig Benzien and David Nitschmann to Spangenberg, Lancaster, 1755 Apr. 10 ‐. Paul Christian Stauber to Spangenberg, Wachovia, 1755 May 30 ‐. Friedrich von Marschall to Spangenberg, London, 1755 June 2 ‐. Jan Otten to Spangenberg, Amsterdam 1755 June 6 ‐. Spangenberg to Joseph Müller, 1755 June 23; with Müller's reply, Gnadenthal, 1755 June 24 ‐. David Nitschmann to Spangenberg, Mahony, 1755 June 29 ‐. Spangenberg to Ludwig Benzien, Bethlehem 1755 June 30 ‐. Johannes Lischer to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1755 Aug. 10 ‐. Spangenberg to Ludwig Benzien, Bethlehem 1755 Aug. 18 ‐. Sauter to Spangenberg about his journey to North Carolina and his return to Bethlehem, Bethlehem 1755 Sept.

‐. James Hasell to Peter Boehler, Edenton, NC, 1755 Oct. 28 ‐. Christian Heinrich Rauch to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1755 Nov. 8 ‐. note by [Hehl?], Heidelberg [1755] Nov. 24 1 folder German, English, Dutch

171 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1756. Includes letters from: ‐. Ludwig Benzien to Christian Heinrich Rauch, Bethlehem 1756 Febr. 26 (copy) ‐. Heinrich Cossart to Br. Kalberlahn and others, Herrnhut 1756 March ‐. Christian Heinrich Rauch to Spangenberg, Wachovia 176 Apr. 20 ‐. Christian Gottlob Hoffman to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 June 20 ‐. Ludwig Benzien to Spangenberg, Corbin's Point 1756 Aug. 17 ‐. Matthaeus Hehl to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 Aug. 30 ‐. Ludwig Benzien to David Jones, sheriff of Rowan county, Wachovia 1756 Sept. 13 ‐. Ludwig Benzien to Frances Corbin, Wachovia 1756 Sept. 17 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 Sept. 17 ‐. Matthaeus Hehl to Spangenberg, Warwik 1756 Oct. 10 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 Nov. 2 ‐. Matthaeus Hehl to Spangenberg, Lititz 1756 Dec. 18 1 folder German, English

172 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1757, 1761. Includes: ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Jan. 19 ‐. poem by Sautter for Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Jan. 22 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 [March] 23 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Apr. 13 ‐. ? to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Apr. 13 ‐. Ellnder Hill to the brethren in Wachovia, Wilmington 1757 Aug. 25 (Engl.) ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Bethabara 1757 Sept. 17 ‐. John Ettwein ("Edwin") to Spangenberg, Bethabara Jan. 19 1 folder German, English

148 Letters received by Nathanael Seidel from various brethren in Wachovia, 1762 ‐ 1763. 1 folder some very fragile German

149 Letters received by Friedrich von Marschall from various brethren in Wachovia, 1762 ‐ 1765. 1 folder some very fragile German

146 Letters received by Nathanael Seidel from various brethren in Wachovia, 1764 ‐ 1768.

145 Letters, received by Johannes Ettwein from Johann Michael Graff, Matthaeus Schropp, and Lorenz Bage (Bagge) in Wachovia, 1766 ‐ 1768. Also includes a letter from Juliana van Gammern, 1767 Oct. 26 (no. 12) 1 folder some very fragile German

17 Letters, received by Nathanael Seidel from Friedrich von Marschall in Europe, 1767. Includes: 1. Zeist, 14 Feb. 1767 2. Lindsey House, 26 Sept. 1767 2 items German

18 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1769 ‐ 1770. Includes: 0. Friedrich von Marschall to the Oeconomatskonferenz in Bethlehem, Bethabara 6 Apr. 1768 1. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 10 Apr. 1769 2. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 10 June 1770 3. John Klein to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, June 1770 4. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 18 July 1770 5. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, 18 July 1770 6. Johann Klein to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 26 July 1770 7. Johann Klein to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 26 July 1770 (slightly different than 6) 8. Lorenz Bagge to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 12 Aug. 1770, with P.S. 9. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 6 Sept. 1770 10. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, [Oct.] 1770 11. Lorenz Bagge to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 2 Oct. 1770 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 29. Nov. 1770

1 folder some have serious ink corrosion German

19 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1771 ‐ 1772. Includes: 1. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, 16 March 1771 2. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara 11 Apr. 1771 3. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara 11 Apr. 1771 4. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein. n.d. 5. "Status Causae der Wachau, by Friedrich von Marschall, Bethabara, July 1771 6. Paul and Marie Tiersch to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 17 July 1771 7. Br. and Sr. Stauber to Nathanael and Anna Johanna Seidel, Bethabara, 1 Sept. 1771 8. Johannes Ettwein to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 17 Sept. 1771 9. Paul and Mary Tiersch, Bethabara, 6 Nov. 1771 10. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 9 Nov. 1771 11. Paul and Marie Tiersch to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 3 Apr. 1772 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 22 May 1772 13. Order to pay an amount to George Golkowsky in Christiansbrunn, from Friedrich von Marschall, Salem, 22 May 1772 14. Johann Ulrich Muschbach to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 5 July 1772 15. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 5 July 1772 16. Henrich Stöhr to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 6 July 1772 17. Johann Ulrich Muschbach to Johannes Ettwein, Salem 4 July 1772 18. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 29 July 1772 19. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, n.d. 20. the Elders' Conferences at Salem to the Elders' Conference at Bethlehem regarding Br. Muschbach's resignation as warden of the single brothers, Salem, 12 Aug. 1772 21. Paul Tiersch to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 14 Aug. 1772 22. Copy of a letter by Matthaeus Reuz to the congregation at Salem, 13 Aug. 1772 23. Henrich Stöhr to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 14 Aug. 1772 24. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 18 Aug. 1772 25. [Friedrich von Marschall] to Nathanael Seidel, Salem 10 Oct. 1772 (unsigned) 26. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 28 Oct. 1772 1 folder German

20 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1773 ‐ 1774. Includes:

1. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 18 Feb. 1773 2. Paul and Marie Tiersch to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 28 Apr. 1773 3. Peter Bass to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 2 May [1773] 4. Henrich Stöhr to Nathanael Seidel,Salem, 4 May 1773 5. 5 to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 5 May 1773 6. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Dutch Cooper, 1 July 1773 7. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 28 July 1773 8. Lorenz and Elisabeth Bagge to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 29 July 1773 9. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 29 July 1773 10. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 22 Sept. 1773 11. Friedrich von Marschall to Br. Hopson, Salem 1 Dec. 1773 (Engl.) 12. Lorenz Bagge to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara 17 Febr. 1774 13. Lorenz Bagge to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara 18 Febr. 1774 14. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, n.p. [Febr. 1774] 15. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 16 May 1774 16. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, (P.S. to no. 15) 17. Lorenz and Elisabeth Bagge to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 22 June 1774 18. Fragment of a letter to Johannes Ettwein from London, 24 Nov. 1774 (probably used as a wrapper) 19. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Salem 10 Aug. 1774 20. Adam Cramer to Johannes Ettwein, Bethania, 12 Oct. 1774 1 folder no. 8: ink corrosion; no. 11, 14: moisture damage German, English

21 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1775 ‐ 1776. Includes: 1. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 13 Febr. 1775 2. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 11 May 1775 3. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 27 July 1775 4. Johann Michael Graff to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, 27 July 1775 5. Johann Michael Graff to the Elders' Conference at Bethlehem, Salem, 24 Aug. 1775 6. Br. and Sr. Stauber to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 11 Febr. 1776 7. Johann Michael Graff to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, 11 Apr. 1776 8. Lorenz Bagge to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, 15 Apr. 1776 9. Lorenz and Elisabeth Bagge to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 15 Apr. 1776 10. Lorenz Bagge to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, 14 Aug. 1776 11. Johann Michael Graff to the Provincial Helpers' Conference, Salem, 15 Aug. 1776 12. Lorenz Bagge to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, 25 Nov. 1776 1 folder

no. 5, 10: ink corrosion German

23 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1778, 1780 ‐ 1781. Includes: 1. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 19 Febr. 1778 2. Paul Christian and Anna Maria Stauber to Nathanael Seidel, Bethabara, 25 Oct. 1778 3. Johann Michael Graff to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 28 June 1780 4. Nicolaus Lorenz Bagge to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, 4 Aug. 1780 5. Friedrich von Marschall to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 5 Nov. 1780 6. Christian Ludwig Benzien to Nathanael Seidel, Salem, 16 Sept. 1781 7. Paul Christian and Anna Maria Stauber to Nathanael Seidel, 18 Sept. 1781 1 folder no. 5, 10: ink corrosion German

24 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1782 ‐ 1783. Includes: 1. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Febr. 22, 1782 2. [Friedrich von Marschall] to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 9, 1782 3. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 31, 1782 4. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 25, 1782 5. Traugott Bagge to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 29, 1782 (with a receipt signed by Christian Conrad in Lititz) 6. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, June 18, 1782 7. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 15, 1782 8. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 30, 1782 9. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 26, 1782 10. Friedrich von Marschall to Enge Helferconferenz in Pennsylvania, Salem, Febr. 10, 1783 11. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 3, 1783 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, June 12, 1783 13. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 18, 1783 14. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 5, 1783 15. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, n.d. 16. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, [Oct. 1783] 1 folder German

25 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1784 ‐ 1785. Includes:

1. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 5, 1784 2. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, oct. 8, 1784 3. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Jan. 22, 1785 4. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Jan. 23, 1785 5. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Bethania, Apr. 17, 1785 6. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, July 22, 1785 (+ PS) 7. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 28, 1785 8. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 10, 1785 9. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 13, 1785 1 folder German

26 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1786 ‐ 1787. Includes: 1. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Jan. 19, 1786 2. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Febr. 21, 1786 3. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Friedland, Febr. 23, 1786 4. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 22, 1786 5. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 4, 1786 6. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 10, 1786 7. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 22, 1786 8. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Dec. 1, 1786 9. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, June 29, 1787 10. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 17, 1787 11. Friedrich von Marschall to Helpers' Conference in Pennsylvania, Salem, Oct. 31 (copy) 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, [Dec. 5, 1787] 13. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Dec. 6, 1787 1 folder German

27 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1788 ‐ 1790. Includes: 1. Br. Ernst to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, March 7, 1788 2. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 10, 1788 3. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 20, 1788 4. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, June 26, 1788 5. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, n.d. 6. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 8, 1788 7. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 16, 1788 8. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 30, 1788 9. Friedrich von Marschall toJohannes Ettwein, Salem, Febr. 1, 1789

10. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 16, 1789 11. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Lititz, Febr. 15, 1790 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 2, 1790 13. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 19, 1790 14. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 7, 1790 15. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 20, 1790 (+ PS) 16. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 23, 1790 17. Johannes Ettwein to Friedrich von Marschall, Bethlehem, Sept. 25, 1790 (draft) 18. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 27, 1790 19. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 1, 1790 20. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 1, 1790 21. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Charleston, Nov. 29, 1790 1 folder German

28 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1791 ‐ 1792. Includes: 1. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Jan. 19, 1791 2. Friedrich von Marschall to the Helpers' Conference in Pennsylvania, Salem, March 11, 1791 3. Carl Friedrich Schröter and Samuel Stoz to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 14, 1791 4. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 23, 1791 5. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Apr. 24, 1791 6. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 15, 1791 7. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 15, 1791 8. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 17 9. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein [Aug. 1791] 10. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 13, 1791 11. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 5, 1791 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 19, 1792 13. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 7, 1792 14. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 7, 1792 15. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 11, 1792 16. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 13, 1792 17. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 15, 1792 18. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 21, 1792 19. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 22, 1792 (with a note regarding Renatus Kaske and a recommendation for Kaske) 20. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Sept. 24, 1792

1 folder German

29 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1793 ‐ 1795. Includes: 1. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 17, 1793 2. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 23, 1793 3. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 25, 1793 4. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 30, 1793 5. Samuel Stolz to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, May 1, 1793 6. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, May 2, 1793 7. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 16, 1793 8. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 4, 1793 9. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 7, 1793 10. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 16, 1794 11. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 19, 1794 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 21, 1794 13. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 6, 1794 14. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Aug. 21, 1794 15. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 26, 1794 16. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 28, 1794 17. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 15, 1795 18. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, May 18, 1795 19. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Dec. 22, 1795 20. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Dec. 27, 1795 1 folder German

30 Letters, received from Wachovia, 1796 ‐ 1798. Includes: 1. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 26, 1796 2. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, June 5, 1796 3. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein Salem, June 18, 1796 4. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, June, 19, 1796 5. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 8, 1796 6. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 15, 1796 7. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Sept. 18, 1796 8. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 3, 1796 9. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 3, 1796 10. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 19, 1796 11. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 20, 1796 12. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Apr. 17, 1797

13. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, May 6, 1797 14. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, May 6, 1797 15. Johannes Ettwein to Friedrich von Marschall, May 12, 1797 (draft) 16. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 15, 1797 17. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 15, 1797 18. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Nov. 16, 1797 19. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 16, 1798 20. Samuel Stolz to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, March 16, 1798 21. Ludwig Benzien to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, June 2, 1798 22. Daniel Koehler to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, July 3, 1798 23. Friedrich von Marschall to Johannes Ettwein, Salem, Oct. 3, 1798 24. Abraham Steiner to Johannes Ettwein, Bethabara, Oct. 4, 1798, with a draft by Ettwein to Steiner, Nov. 16, 1798, regarding Steiner's desire to serve as a missionary among the American Indians in Ohio 1 folder German

31 Letters, received by Georg Heinrich Loskiel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Carl Gotthold Reichel in Wachovia, 1801 ‐ 1804. Also includes letters from Simon Peter in Bethabara, May 3, 1803; Jan. 21, March 9, May 1, 1804; and letters from Ludwig Benzien, Salem, Apr. 17, 1803 and May 6, 1804. Br. Reichel (1751‐1825) was minister at Salem 1 folder German

32 Letters, received by Georg Heinrich Loskiel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Carl Gotthold Reichel in Wachovia, 1805. Also includes a letter from Simon Peter in Bethabara, Apr. 24, 1805; and letters from Christian Ludwig Benzien, Salem, Jan. 25, Apr. 29, and Sept. 13, 1805. Br. Reichel (1751‐1825) was minister at Salem. 1 folder German

33 Letters, received by Georg Heinrich Loskiel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from various persons in Wachovia, 1806 ‐ 1807. Includes letters from Carl Gotthold Reichel, C. Forestier, Chr. Ludwig Benzien, and Johannes Renatus Verbeek. Also includes copies of a letter from Sr. A. von Forestier to Sr. Benzien, London, Nov. 28, 1807, and from John Gambold and Br. Benzien about their trip to Flint River, Nov. 14, 1807 1 folder German

34 Letters, received by Georg Heinrich Loskiel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Carl Gotthold Reichel and Chr. Ludwig Benzien in Wachovia, 1808. 1 folder German

35 Letters, received by Georg Heinrich Loskiel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Carl Gotthold Reichel and Chr. Ludwig Benzien in Wachovia, 1809. Also includes a letter from John Peter Kluge, Bethabara, June 16, 1809 1 folder German

36 Letters, received by Georg Heinrich Loskiel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Carl Gotthold Reichel and Chr. Ludwig Benzien in Wachovia, 1810. Also includes a letter from Gotthold Benjamin Reichel, Salem, Sept. 25, 1810 and letters from John Peter Kluge, Bethabara, Apr. 20, and Sept. 28, 1810. 1 folder German

37 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (Georg Heinrich Loskiel, Carl Gotthold Reichel) from Chr. Ludwig Benzien and Johannes Herbst in Wachovia, 1811. Reichel ended his term as minister of the Salem congregation to become president of the Helpers' Conference and minister in Bethlehem in April of 1811. 1 folder German

38 Letters, received by Carl Gotthold Reichel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Simon Peter and Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1812. Also includes a letter from Samuel Stolz, Salem, Apr. 4; Ludwig David von Schweinitz, New York, Sept. 10; and Gotthold Benjamin Reichel, Salem, Nov. 19. 1 folder German

39 Letters, received by Carl Gotthold Reichel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1813. Also includes letters from Ludwig David von Schweinitz, Salem, Jan. 25, March 29; Jacob Kummer, Bethlehem, Feb. 24; and John Gambold, Springplace Oct. 3 and 19

1 folder German

40 Letters, received by Carl Gotthold Reichel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1814. Also includes letters from Sophie Benzien, Salem, Apr. 10; and from John Gambold, Springplace June 28. 1 folder German

41 Letters, received by Carl Gotthold Reichel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1815. Also includes letters from Ludwig David von Schweinitz, Salem, Jan. 7 and Apr. 30. 1 folder German

191 Letters, received by Carl Gotthold Reichel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1816. Also includes a letter from Ludwig David von Schweinitz, Salem, Apr. 21. 1 folder German

192 Letters, received by Carl Gotthold Reichel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1817. Also includes a letter from Johannes Renatus Verbeek in Herrnhut to Jacob van Vleck in Salem, Jan. 30, 1817. 1 folder German

193 Letters, received by Christian Friedrich Schaaf as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1818. Also includes a letter from Peter Wolle in Salem, Jan. 26, 1818. 1 folder German

194 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from various persons in Wachovia, 1819. Includes letters from Jacob van Vleck, Christian Friedrich Schaaf, and Ludwig von Schweinitz. 1 folder German

195 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck in Wachovia, 1820. Also includes letters from Christian Friedrich Schaaf, and Ludwig von Schweinitz. 1 folder German

196 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck and Ludwig von Schweinitz in Wachovia, 1821. Also includes "Bemerkungen" (Remarks) about the possibility of moving the Indian congregations Goshen and New Fairfield to the land of the Cherokee.` 1 folder German

197 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Jacob van Vleck and Andreas Benade in Wachovia, 1822. Also includes letters from Susan E. Peter and Christian Friedrich Schaaf. 1 folder German

198 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Andreas Benade in Wachovia, 1823. 1 folder German

199 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Andreas Benade in Wachovia, 1824. 1 folder German

200 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Andreas Benade in Wachovia, 1825. Also includes a letter from Theodor Schulz, June 30, 1825. 1 folder German

201 Letters, received by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Andreas Benade in Wachovia, 1826. Also includes a copy of a letter from J. R. Schmidt in Springplace to Andreas Benade, Apr. 4, 1826.

1 folder German

202 Letters, received by Ludwig von Schweinitz as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Andreas Benade in Wachovia, 1827. 1 folder German

203 Letters, received by Ludwig von Schweinitz and Johann Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Andreas Benade and Christian Friedrich Schaaf in Wachovia, 1828. Also includes a letter from Theodor Schulz, June 24, 1828. 1 folder German

42 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Christian Friedrich Schaaf and Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1829. The letters received from Wachovia from the years between 1816 and 1828 appear to be missing. 1 folder German

43 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1830. 1 folder German

44 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Christian Friedrich Schaaf and Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1831. 1 folder German

45 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Christian Friedrich Schaaf and Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1832. 1 folder German

46 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Christian Friedrich Schaaf and Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1833. The abbreviation "T.S." stands for "tibi soli," = for your eyes only. 1 folder German

47 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Theodor Schulz, Christian Friedrich Schaaf, and Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1834. 1 folder German

48 Letters, received by Daniel Anders as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Theodor Schulz, Christian Friedrich Schaaf, and Johann Christian Bechler in Wachovia, 1835. 1 folder German

49 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (Daniel Anders and Andreas Benade) from Theodor Schulz, Christian Friedrich Schaaf, Johann Christian Bechler, and William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1836. 1 folder German

50 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck, and Christian Friedrich Schaaf in Wachovia, 1837. 1 folder German

51 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from Georg Friedrich Bahnson, William Henry van Vleck, and Christian Friedrich Schaaf in Wachovia, 1838. 1 folder Some of the papers are of poor quality. German

52 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1839. 1 folder German

53 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1840. Also includes a letter from Martin Hauser, Salem, Dec. 11, 1840. 1 folder German

54 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1841. Also includes a letter from Martin Hauser, Salem, Jan. 26; and from L. J. Demuth, June 8. 1 folder German

55 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1842. 1 folder German

56 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1843. Also contains letters from John C. Jacobson, Salem, March 6 and May 20. 1 folder German

57 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1844. Also contains letters from John C. Jacobson, Salem, May 15; and from Herman Ruede, Salem, Jan. 8 (Engl.). 1 folder German; one English

58 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1845. 1 folder German

59 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1846. 1 folder German

60 Letters, received by Andreas Benade as president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem from William Henry van Vleck in Wachovia, 1847. 1 folder German

61 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (Andreas Benade; Philip Goepp) from various persons in Wachovia, 1848. 1 folder German

204 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (Philip Goepp; John C. Jacobson) from various persons in Wachovia, 1849. 1 folder German, English

205 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from various persons in Wachovia, 1850. 1 folder German, English

206 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from John G. Hermann in Salem, 1851. 1 folder German

207 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from John G. Hermann in Salem, 1852. 1 folder German

208 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from various persons in Salem, 1853. 1 folder German, English

209 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from various persons in Salem, 1854. 1 folder German, English

210 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from various persons in Salem, 1855.

1 folder German, English

211 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from Levin T. Reichel in Salem, 1856. 1 folder German

212 Letters, received by the president of the Helpers' Conference in Bethlehem (John C. Jacobson) from Levin T. Reichel and G. F. Bahnson in Salem, 1857. 1 folder German

Diary

4 Diary of the Moravians in Bethabara, 1753 ‐ 1754. 1. Dec. 19, 1753 ‐ Apr. 27, 1754 2. Apr. 27 ‐ Aug. 14, 1754 3. Apr. 27 ‐ Aug. 14, 1754 ("extract," with additional notes) 4. Apr. 27 ‐ Aug. 8, 1754 (personal diary by Jacob Friis) 5. Aug. 14 ‐ Nov. 18, 1754 6. Aug. 14 ‐ Nov. 18, 1754 ("extract") Continuation in WachP 117. 1 folder German

117 Diary of Bethabara, with memorabilia (annual report), 1754, Nov. 18 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German

118 Diary of Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1756. 1 folder German

119 Diary of Wachovia, 1757, Jan. 1 ‐ Sept. 17. also includes appendices A, B, D, E, H, K, and L. 1 folder German

120 Diary of Wachovia, 1759, March 1 ‐ Oct. 31. Includes: 1. March 1 ‐ Oct. 31, 1759

2. March 1 ‐ Oct. 27, 1759 (extract) The year 1758 is missing. 1 folder German

121 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1760. Includes a memoir for ‐. Schaus, Anna Maria The month of January is missing. There are two copies of diary of May ‐ Oct. 11. 1 folder German

122 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1761. Includes memoirs for: ‐. Hauser, Martin (1696‐1761) ‐. Krause, Christina Barbara (1722‐1761) 1 folder German

123 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1762. Includes memoirs for: ‐. Opitz, Anna Maria (1759‐1762) ‐. Strauss, Abraham (1727‐1762) ‐. Münster, Melchior (1729‐1762) ‐. Meyer, Johann Stephan (1718‐1762) ‐. Krause, Matthes (1720‐1762) 1 folder German

124 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1763. Also includes an "extract" for Apr. 5 ‐ Sept. 30, 1763 1 folder German

125 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1764. 1 folder German

126 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1765. 1 folder German

127 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1766. 1 folder German

128 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1767. 1 folder German

129 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1768. 1 folder German

130 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1769. 1 folder German

131 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1770. 1 folder German

132 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1771. 1 folder The quire covering March 25 ‐ June is brittle and has been damaged German

133 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1772. 1 folder German

134 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1773. The diary for July 20 ‐ Nov. 30 is missing. For December 1774, see WachP 135. 1 folder German

135 Diary of Bethabara and Bethania, with memorabilia (annual report), 1774. Also contains December 1773. 1 folder German

62 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1775. In monthly installments.

1 folder ink corrosion German

63 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1776. In monthly installments. 1 folder ink corrosion German

64 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1777. Includes memoirs of ‐. Enerson, Ewert (1718‐1777) ‐. Kapp, Margaretha (1742‐1777) ‐. Kastner, Maria Magdalena (1756‐1777) In monthly installments. The month of January is missing. 1 folder German

65 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1778. In monthly installments. 1 folder German

66 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1779. In monthly installments. 1 folder German

68 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1780. In monthly installments. 1 folder German

70 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1781. Includes memoirs of:

‐. Schmidt, Jens (1731‐1781) ‐. Chiddy, Mary (1779‐1781) ‐. Buttner, Thomas (1741‐1781) ‐. Bonn, Jacob (1733‐1781) ‐. Schmid, Rosina (1719‐1781) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

71 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1782. Includes ‐. Report by Br. Benzien of his visit in Stinking Quarter and on the Haw River, July 1782 memoirs of: ‐. Steup, Johannes Franz (1716‐1782) ‐. Beck, Anna (1740‐1782) ‐. Cramer, Maria Barbara (1722‐1782) ‐. Kapp, Elisabeth (1746‐1782) ‐. Bagge (Bage), Maria (1739‐1782) ‐. Kapp, Magdalena (1777‐1782) ‐. Sehnert, Peter (1713‐1782) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

72 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1783. Includes ‐. travel report by Br. Benzien about his visit to Reedy Fork, Jan. 1783 ‐. Br. Benzien's psalm on the 50th anniversary of the Greenland mission ‐. Psalm of joy from the congregation at Salem, celebrating the end of the Revolutionary War Memoirs of: ‐. Schaub, Diherte Maria (1713‐1783) ‐. Ebert, Christian (1762‐1783) ‐. Hauser, Jacob (1760‐1783) ‐. Holland, Maria Margaretha (1753‐1783) ‐. Heinzmann, Johann Caspar (1723‐1783) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

74 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1784. Includes: ‐. Diary by Martin Schneider of his journey to Long Island on the Holston River and to the upper Cherokee towns on the Tennessee River, Dec. 1783‐ Jan. 24, 1784 Memoirs of ‐. Graff, Gertraud (1721‐1784) ‐. Donthia (?), John (1709‐1784) ‐. Lange, Catharina (1749‐1784) ‐. Volz, Eva Elisabeth (1724‐1784) ‐. Romminger, Johannes (1769‐1784) ‐. Boyer, Abraham (1780‐1784) ‐. Volz, Johannes (1780‐1784) ‐. Boeckel [Beckel], Anna (1778‐1784) ‐. Feiser, Anna Marie (1749‐1784) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

75 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1785. Includes ‐. Text of the document in the foundation stone of the single sisters' house in Salem Memoirs of: ‐. Leinbach, Anna Maria (1750‐1785) ‐. Rasp, Melchior (1715‐1785) ‐. Booner, Joseph William (1747‐1785) ‐. Ernst, Catharina Juliana (1730‐1785) ‐. Hege, Johann Balthasar (1714‐1785) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

76 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1786. Includes ‐. Visitation report of Johannes and Benigna von Wattevile to Bethabara, Bethania, and the country congregations Hope, Friedland, and Friedberg

‐. Report of the Single Sisters about the dedication of the new choir house in Salem, Apr. 6, 1786 ‐. Report of the Single Brothers about the dedication of the extension to their choir house in Salem, Oct. 18, 1786 Memoirs for ‐. Johann Jonas Werner (1770‐1786) ‐. Andreas Kremser (1753‐1786) ‐. Peter Goetjes (1747‐1786) ‐. Friedrich Jacob Pfeil (1711‐1786) ‐. Maria Schreyer, nee Fiscus (1742‐1786) ‐. Grabs, Anna Maria (1716‐1786) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

77 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1787. Includes Memoirs for ‐. Hauser, Catharina (1766‐1787) ‐. Aust, Johann Gottfried (1766‐1787) ‐. Spiseke, Thomas (1730‐1787) ‐. Slator, Henry (1772‐1787) ‐. Kürschner, Johann Christoph (1717‐1787) ‐. Tesch, Johannes (1766‐1787) ‐. Zillmann, Heinrich (1713‐1787) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

78 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1788. Includes ‐. Report of the dedication of a new Gemeinhaus in Bethabara, Nov. 28 Memoirs for ‐. Goetje, Maria Elisabeth (1752‐1788) ‐. Ingram, Maria (1766‐1788) ‐. Spoenhauer, Elisabeth (1719‐1788) ‐. Meyer, Anna Maria (1782‐1788) ‐. Chitty, Mary (1746‐1788) ‐. Schulz, Johannes (1703‐1788) ‐. Praezel, Gottfried (1739‐1788)

‐. Hartmann, Georg (1724‐1788) ‐. Hahn, Georg (1718‐1788) ‐. Spoenhauer, Johann Heinrich (1716‐1788) ‐. Greter, Jacob (1708‐1788) ‐. Stockburger, Catharina (1751‐1788) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

79 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1789. Includes memoirs for ‐. Hauser, Maria (1755‐1789) ‐. Nilsen, Tycho (1732‐1789) ‐. Schnepf, Susanna Margaretha (1719‐1789) ‐. Fockel, Margaretha (1727‐1789) ‐. Hauser, Michael (1731‐1789) ‐. Strub, Johannes (1719‐1789) ‐. Schulze, Georg (1730‐1789) ‐. Schulze, Maria (1744‐1789) ‐. Seiler, Johannes (1778‐1789) ‐. Br. Christian (formerly: Frank) (?‐1789) ‐. Hahn, Margaretha Barbara (1721‐1789) ‐. Leinbach, Sarah (1756‐1789) ‐. Cramer, Adam (1719‐1789) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

80 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1790. Includes memoirs for ‐. Koffler, Maria Magdalena (1744‐1790) ‐. Müller, Elisabeth (1718‐1790) ‐. Schneider, Melchior (1717‐1790) ‐. Volck, Andreas (1722‐1790) ‐. Schmid, Anna Helena ‐. Vogler, Philipp Christoph (1725‐1790) ‐. Leinbach, Abraham (1744‐1790) ‐. Peddycoard, Sarah (1715‐1790) ‐. Peddycoard, Margaretha (1749‐1790) ‐. Gosslin, Elizabeth (1749‐1790)

In monthly installments. January is missing. 1 folder German

82 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1791. Includes ‐. Address of the Moravians in Wachovia to President George Washington, June 1 Memoirs for ‐. Frey, Anna Maria Barbara (1722‐1791) ‐. Krause, Maria Magdalena (1767‐1791) ‐. Oesterlein, Juliana Elisabeth (1788‐1791) ‐. Bougher, Anna Maria (1746‐1791) ‐. Ackermann, Johannes (1756‐1791) ‐. Fischer, Anna Barbara Fischer (1726‐1791) ‐. Volk (Volck), Maria Magdalena (1766‐1791) ‐. Christ, Johann Rudolph (1788‐1791) ‐. Blum, Christian Heinrich (1785‐1791) ‐. Beck, Johann Valentin (1731‐1791) ‐. Steiner, Christine (1763‐1791) ‐. Ellrod, Sarah (1773‐1791) ‐. Schmidt, Georg (1719‐1791) ‐. Utley, Sarah (1707‐1791) ‐. Walk, Martin (1737‐1791) In monthly installments. January is missing. 1 folder German

83 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1792. Includes ‐. report of a visit to the friends living on Deep Creek (Lange family) in June memoirs for ‐. Ebert, Johann Martin (1727‐1792) ‐. Christ, Friedrich (1783‐1792) ‐. Hauser, Hannah Susanna (1784‐1792) ‐. Hauser, Maria (1764‐1792) ‐. Ebert, Benigna (1785‐1792) ‐. Ebert, Anna Maria (1778‐1792)

‐. Schulz, Margaretha (1770‐1792) ‐. Kühnast, Rosina (1720‐1792) ‐. Vierling, Anna Elisabeth (1769‐1792) ‐. Fockel, Johanna gertraud (1766‐1792) ‐. Stockburger, Johann Jacob (1775‐1792) ‐. Frey, Christian (1768‐1792) ‐. Diez, Anna Maria (1773‐1792) ‐. Ranke, Anna Johanna (1766‐1792) ‐. Bagge, Benjamin Samuel (1775‐1792) ‐. Nisson, Johann Philipp (1783‐1792) ‐. Christ, Benigna Elisabeth (1783‐1792) ‐. Lösch, Gertraud (1765‐1792) ‐. Seiz, Johann Michel (1765‐1792) In monthly installments. 1 folder German

84 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1793. Includes memoirs for ‐. Zimmermann, Christian (1726‐1793) ‐. Transou, Philipp (1724‐1793) ‐. Stauber, Paul Christian (1726‐1793) ‐. Binkely, Peter (1704‐1793) ‐. Grabs, Gottfried (1716‐1793) ‐. Hauser, Maria Elisabeth (1788‐1793) ‐. Greter, Maria Catharina (1722‐1793) 1 folder German

85 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1794. Includes memoirs for ‐. Feiser, Anna Maria (1773‐1794) ‐. Douthut, Mary (1721‐1794) ‐. Hummel, Philipp (1773‐1794) ‐. Hauser, Martin (1733‐1794) ‐. Reich, Daniel (1792‐1794) ‐. Hurst, James (1720‐1794) ‐. Benzien, Christian Thomas (1794‐1794) 1 folder German

86 Diary of the congregations and societies in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1795. Includes memoirs for ‐. Transou, Johann Philip (1761‐1795) ‐. Schnepf, Johann Daniel (1718‐1795) ‐. Hein, Johann Jacob (1713‐1795) 1 folder German

87 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1796. Includes memoirs of: ‐. Hall, William (1767‐1796) ‐. Steiner, Johann Heinrich (1781‐1796) ‐. Hessler, Anna Johanna (1749‐1796) ‐. Beroth, Susanna (1778‐1796) 1 folder German

88 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, 1797. Includes memoirs of: ‐. Abraham (Sambo), an African (1730‐1797) ‐. Redecken, Ludwig Gottfried von (1757‐1797) ‐. Christmann, Balthasar (1760‐1797) ‐. Höhn, Marcus (17919‐1797) ‐. Peddycoart, Sophia Elisabeth (1734‐1797) ‐. Koffler, Adam (1727‐1797) 1 folder German

89 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1798. Includes memoirs of: ‐. Quest, Anna Maria (1729‐1798) ‐. Merkle, Christoph (1713‐1798) ‐. Müller, Jacob (1721‐1798) ‐. Göpfert, Georg (1729‐1798) ‐. Triebel, Christian (1714‐1798) ‐. Rancke, Johannes (1737‐1798) ‐. Stolz, Johann Jacob (1760‐1798)

‐. Fischer, Melchior (1726‐1798) ‐. Oesterlein, Matthaeus (1752‐1798) ‐. Frey, Valentin (1721‐1798) ‐. Kröhn, Peter (1722‐1798) ‐. Krause, Anna Maria (1719‐1798) 1 folder German

90 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1799. Includes: ‐. report by Abraham Steiner and Friedrich Christian von Schweinitz about a visit to American Indians on the Tennessee River, Nov. 1799 memoirs of: ‐. Priem, Johann Friedrich (1718‐1799) ‐. Bagge, Rahel (1734‐1799) ‐. Oesterlein, Anna Maria (1758‐1799) ‐. Yarrell, Johann Peter (1749‐1799) ‐. Spach, Maria Elisabeth (1731‐1799) ‐. Kühnast, Christoph (1715‐1799) ‐. Schmidt, Johann Christoph (1715‐1799) ‐. Kröhn, Juliana (1732‐1799) 1 folder German

92 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1800. Includes: ‐. account of the dedication of the new church in Salem on Nov. 9 ‐. account of the celebration of Nov. 13 memoirs of: ‐. Frey, Christian (1731‐1799) ‐. Stach, Rosina (1723‐1800) ‐. Bagge, Traugott (1729‐1800) ‐. Hamilton, Lucy (1755‐1800) ‐. Cramer, Maria (1761‐1800) ‐. Meyer, Jacob (1725‐1800) ‐. Transou, Anna Maria (1762‐1800) ‐. Hessler, Abraham (1744‐1800) ‐. Hauser, Hanna (1768‐1800) July is missing. 1 folder

German

93 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1801. Includes: ‐. excerpts from letters from Br. and Sr. Steiner in Tellico, Tennessee memoirs of: ‐. Beroth, Jacob (1740‐1801) ‐. Steiner, Jacob (1734‐1801) ‐. Spach, Adam (1720‐1801) ‐. Stauber, Elisabeth (1771‐1801) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

94 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1802. Includes: ‐. a copy of aletter from Br. Byhan in Springplace, Georgia, to Br. Reichel, Oct. 31, 1802 memoirs of: ‐. Hauser, Georg Peter (1740‐1802) ‐. Goslin, Elisabeth (1717‐1802) ‐. Künzel, Johann Friedrich (1737‐1802) ‐. Fischel, Johann Adam (1730‐1802) ‐. Tesch, Andreas (1768‐1802) ‐. Conrad, Johannes (1747‐1802) ‐. Christ, Elisabeth (1749‐1802) ‐. Ernst, Johann Jacob (1730‐1802) ‐. Koch, Maria Catharina (1745‐1802) ‐. Blum, Jacob (1739‐1802) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

95 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1803. Includes: ‐. extracts from letters from the Moravian missionaries in Springplace (throughout the diary) ‐. poem on the occasion of the speaking (sprechen) of 12 young sisters in Salem, Aug., 2, 1803

‐. copy of two letters by Samuel Reichel to his parents about a sea voyage to England and Germany, Apr. and June 1803 ‐. extract from a letter by Br. Schroeter in Paramaribo to Br. Benzien, July 30, 1803 ‐. copy of a letter by Rev. Steinkopf in London to Br. Schroeter in Paramaribo, Sept. 1, 1802 ‐. account of the laying of the foundation stone for the boarding school for girls in Salem, Oct. 6, 1803 ‐. report of the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the arrival of the first Moravians in Wachovia, Nov. 17, 1803 ‐. hymn, written by Bernhard Adam Grube in Bethlehem for this occassion ‐. statistics of baptisms, deaths, receptions, adult baptisms and first communions in Wachovia, 1753‐1803 memoirs of: ‐. Meinung, Maria Magdalena (1750‐1803) ‐. Stockburger, Johann Georg (1731‐1803) ‐. Blum, Abraham (1783‐1803) ‐. Holder, Johanna (1744‐1803) ‐. Rominger, Michael (1709‐1803) ‐. Peter, Maria (1746‐1803) ‐. Leinbach, Anna Catharina (1716‐1803) ‐. Transou, Magdalena (1729‐1803) ‐. Meyer, Dorothea (1734‐1803) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

98 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1804. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter ‐. letter of the Helpers' Conference of Wachovia to the members in Wachovia, Jan. 22, 1804, regarding the mission among the Creeks memoirs of: ‐. Holder, George (1729‐1804) ‐. Pfaff, Peter (1727‐1804) Second quarter: ‐. letters from Jacob Wollfahrt from Springplace, Georgia ‐. report by Abraham Steiner of his visit to Deep Creek in Surrey County and the mountains in Ashe county memoirs of: ‐. Kürschner, Anna Maria (1724‐1804) ‐. Volk, Maria Margaretha (1722‐1804)

‐. Tesch, Heinrich (1733‐1804) Third quarter: memoirs of: ‐. Fischer, Elisabeth (1759‐1804) ‐. Yarrell, Maria (1755‐1804) ‐. Schneider, Cornelius (1751‐1804) ‐. Elrod, Aaltje (1724‐1804) ‐. Krieger, Elisabeth (1755‐1804) Fourth Quarter: memoirs of: ‐. Hauser, Anna Cunigunde (1734‐1804) ‐. Höhns, Anna Maria (1727‐1804) ‐. Gambold, Catharina (1780‐1804) ‐. Petersen, Niels (1717‐1804) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

99 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1805. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter ‐. letters from the mission station at Springplace, Georgia memoirs of: ‐. Tesch, Margaretha (1730‐1805) ‐. Pfaff, Anna Rosina (1769‐1804) ‐. Lang, Georg (1739‐1804) ‐. Lobach, Juliana (1761‐1805) Second Quarter ‐. excerpt from a letter by Gottlieb Byhan in Springplace to Br. Benzien, Aug. 7, 1805 Third Quarter memoirs of ‐. Schwarz, Andreas (1794‐1805) (inserted under Aug. 8) ‐. Koch, Anna Maria (1767‐1805) (inserted under Aug. 29) ‐. Hauser, Nancy (?‐1805) (inserted under Sept. 4) ‐. Beroth, Maria Barbara (1772‐1805) (inserted under Sept. 22) (in the appendix:) ‐. report of the dedication of the new house for the boarding school for girls in Salem, July 16 ‐. history of the Moravian Church at Hope, 1780‐1805 ‐. history of the Moravian Church at Friedland, 1780‐1805 ‐. memoir of Loesch, Johanna (1773‐1805)

Third Quarter ‐. report by Abraham Steiner of his visit to Deep Creek in Surrey County and the mountains in Ashe county, Oct. 19 ‐ 29, 1805. (inserted after October) (in appendix:) ‐. memoir of Schneider, Elisabeth (1759‐1805) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

100 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1806. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter memoirs of: ‐. Hauser, Jacob (1733‐1806) ‐. Wesner, Matthias (1730‐1806) ‐. Hein, Johannes (1749‐1806) ‐. Reich, Anna Rebecca (1802‐1806) Second Quarter: ‐. Biewighausen, Georg (1754‐1806) Fourth Quarter: ‐ report of the laying of the foundation stone for a new church at Bethania, Oct. 22, 1806 ‐. lovefeast ode to welcome Br. & Sr. Verbeek and Br. & Sr Forrestier, visiting members of the UAC in Berthelsdorf at Salem on Oct. 26, 1806. In quarterly installments. Includes a description of the dedication of a stone monument on the spot of the first cabin in Bethabara with the text "Wachovia Settlement begun 17th November 1753," Nov. 26, 1806. 1 folder German

101 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1807. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Mücke, Johannes (1749‐1807) ‐. Böckel, Tobias (1768‐1807) ‐. Stoz, Samuel Benjamin (1802‐1807), with a poem on his death Second quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Nöthing, Matthias (1756‐1807) ‐. Guyther, Sarah Armistead (1796‐1807) Third quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Wohlfahrt, Johann Jacob (1755‐1807)

Fourth quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Peddycoart, William Barton (1739‐1807) ‐. Kapp, Jacob (1725‐1807) ‐. Fetter, Georg (1768‐1807) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

102 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1808. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Peddycoart, Anna (1773‐1808) ‐. Holder, Charles (1744‐1808) ‐. Zimmermann, Catharina (1739‐1808) Third quarter ‐ memoir of: ‐. Leinbach, Maria Margaretha (1743‐1808) (No appendices for second and fourth quarters) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

103 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1809. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter: ‐. Account of the dedication of the new church at Bethania, March 20, 1809 Second quarter ‐ memoir of: ‐. Schaub, Johann Friedrich (1787‐1809) Fourth quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Lösch, Heinrich Jacob (1793‐1809) ‐. Reich, Elisabeth (1772‐1809) ‐. Hartmann, Maria (1727‐1809) (No appendix for third quarter) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

104 Diary of the congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1810. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Schor, Barbara (1732‐1810) ‐. Frey, Peter (1729‐1810) Second quarter ‐ memoir of:

‐. Miksch, Matthäus (1731‐1810) Third quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Steiner, Catharina (1742‐1810) ‐. Renz, Johannes (1752‐1810) ‐. Oliver, Peter (1766‐1810) (No appendix for the fourth quarter) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

105 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1811. Includes appendices with the following content: First quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Miksch, Maria Christina Henriette (1733‐1811) ‐. Hauser, Eleonora Margaretha (1746‐1811) Second quarter ‐ memoir of: ‐. Padget, John (1723‐1811) Second half of the year ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Holland, John (1743‐1811) ‐. Buttner, Maria Magdalena (1768‐1811) ‐. Briez, Christian Alexander (1808‐1811) ‐. Noll, Jacob (1740‐1811) ‐. Bonn, Johann Jacob (1768‐1811) ‐. Benzien, Christian Ludwig (1753‐1811) ‐. Steub, Elisabeth (1730‐1811) In two quarterly installments and one semiannual installment. 1 folder German

106 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1812. Includes appendices with the following content: First installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Herbst, Johannes (1735‐1812) Second installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Spach, Martha Elisabeth (1763‐1812) ‐. Wohlfahrt, Elisabeth (1759‐1812) ‐. Stöhr, Johann Heinrich (1746‐1812) Third installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Elred, Adam (1744‐1812) ‐. Fiedler, Anna Margaretha (1779‐1812)

‐. Frey, George (1741‐1812) ‐. Schmidt, Sophia (1766‐1812) First installment: Jan. ‐ Febr.; second installment: Febr. ‐ Aug.; third installment: Sept. ‐ Dec. 1 folder German

107 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1813. One installment. 1 folder German

108 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1815. Includes appendices with the following content: First installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Krause, Anna Johanna (1756‐1815) ‐. Pfaff, Joseph (1768‐1815) Second installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Bonn, Anna Maria (1739‐1815) ‐. Chitty, Maria margaretha (1771‐1815) Third installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Holder, Elisabeth (1741‐1815) ‐. Hauser, Barbara (1738‐1815) ‐. Hege, David (1739‐1815) ‐. Frey, Catharina (1777‐1815) Fourth installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Schweinitz, Edward William (1814‐1815) ‐. Fischel, Ursula Catharina (1738‐1815) ‐. Schreyer, Johann Peter (1735‐1815) In quarterly installments. There is no diary for 1814. 1 folder German

109 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1816. Includes appendices with the following content: First installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Schulz, Christian Gottfried (1783‐1816) ‐. Hamilton, Maria (1791‐1816)

‐. Slator, Ann (1744‐1816) ‐. Elrod, Rachel (1747‐1816) ‐. Stöhr, Anna Dorothea (1750‐1816) ‐. Ernst, Anna Catharina (1726‐1816) Second installment ‐ memoirs for: ‐. Seiz, Johann Michael (1801‐1816) ‐. Künzel, Sophia Salome (1734‐1816) ‐. Loesch, Christine (1763‐1816) ‐. Grabs, Anna Barbara (1758‐1816) ‐. Elrod, Adam 1776‐1816) ‐. Spach, Adam (1753‐1816) Third installment ‐ memoirs for: ‐. Schumacher, Sophia (1722‐1816) ‐. Holland, Jacobina (1758‐1816) ‐. Herbst, Rosina Louise (1738‐1816) ‐. Tabitha Jane (1774‐1816) Fourth installment ‐ memoirs for: ‐. Eberhard, Christian Thomas (1807‐1816) ‐. Schor, Elisabeth (1766‐1816) ‐. Strehle, Gottlieb (1756‐1816) ‐. Hauser, Georg Peter 1779‐1816) ‐. Lehnert, Sarah (1753‐1816) In quarterly installments. 1 folder German

111 Diary of the congregation at Salem with extracts from the diaries of the other congregations in Wachovia, with memorabilia (annual report), 1817. Includes appendices with the following content: First installment ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Seiz, Johann Michael (1736‐1817) ‐. Beroth, Johannes (1725‐1817) ‐. Hege, Johannes Lazarus (1780‐1817) Third quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Blum, Maria Elisabeth (1743‐1817) ‐. Meinung, Carl Ludwig (1743‐1817) ‐. Hauser, Susanna Maria (1735‐1817) ‐. Hege, Christian (1771‐1817) Fourth quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Landmann, Margaretha (1767‐1817) ‐. Rank, Elisabeth (1742‐1817) ‐. Bagge, Charles Nicholson (1804‐1817)

‐. Vierling, Samuel Benjamin (1765‐1817) ‐. Jordan, Jane (1800‐1817) (Engl.) ‐. Hardaway, Judith (1803‐1817) (Engl.) In two quarterly installments. Note at the end of the second installment: "in the future, only the memoirs and the memorabilia will be sent." This is where the copy of the Wachovia diary in the Bethlehem archives ends. 1 folder German

112 Memorabilia (annual reports) for the congregations in Wachovia, 1818 ‐ 1819. Includes appendices with the following content: Second quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Werner, Anna Elisabeth (1751‐1818) ‐. Schober, Nathanael (1784‐1818) Third quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Kröhn, Jacob (1791‐1818) ‐. Christmann, Johann Daniel (1756‐1818) ‐. Benzien, Anna Benigna (1751‐1818) ‐. Fetter, Maria (1796‐1818) ‐. Boner, Maria Elisabeth (?‐1818) ‐. Heinze, Christian (1749‐1818) ‐. Kröhn, Philip (1753‐1818) ‐. Waterson, Martha (1757‐1818) Fourth quarter ‐ memoirs of: ‐. Stotz, Susanna (1770‐1818) ‐. Conrad, Maria Magdalena (1781‐1818) ‐. Hauser, George (1755‐1818) 1 folder German

113 Diary and memorabilia of the congregation at Salem, and diary and memorabilia of the other six congregations in Wachovia, 1836. The diary for Salem was submitted separately from the diary of the other congregations. 2 items German

114 Diary and memorabilia of the congregation at Salem, and diary and memorabilia of the other six congregations in Wachovia, 1837. The appendix of the diary of Salem includes memoirs for: ‐. Stauber, Christian Gottfried (1761‐1837) ‐. Leinbach, Carl Friedrich (1800‐1837)

‐. Bagge, Charles Frederic (1775‐1837) ‐. White, Mary Ann (1801‐1837) The diary for the other congregations includes memoirs for: ‐. Kröhn, Anna Susanna (1765‐1837) ‐. Schor, Peter (1766‐1837) ‐. Bahnson, Hortensia (1814‐1837) ‐. Grether, Maria (?‐1837) ‐. Schaub, Johann Jacob (1775‐1837) ‐. Fischel, Catharina (1813‐1837) ‐. Lanius, Elisabeth (1761‐1837) ‐. Hauser, Michael (1758‐1837) ‐. Werner, Catharina (1763‐1837) ‐. Lanius, Johann (1751‐1837) ‐. Stolz, Maria (1797‐1837) ‐. Schneider, Maria Magdalene (1792‐1837) The diary for Salem was submitted separately from the diary of the other congregations. 1 folder German

115 Diary and memorabilia of the congregation at Salem, 1838. The appendix of the diary of Salem includes memoirs for: ‐. Denke, Christian Friedrich (1775‐1838) ‐. Ruede, Fredrick Edward (1820‐1838) 1 folder German

186 Memorabilia of the congregation in Salem, 1849 ‐ 1853. The year 1850 is missing. 3 items German

Finances

137 Receipts for travel expenses, without date. 1 folder German

138 Statements of income and expenses of the congregation at Bethabara, 1753 ‐ 1757. Statement 1755 Feb. ‐ Aug. in duplo. 1 folder

German

169 Various receipts for expenses relating to Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1759. Includes: 1 folder German, English

140 Memoranda by Jonas Paulus Weiss in Zeist regarding the North Carolina Society and the accounting methods for the land in North Carolina, 1755. With duplicate. The North Carolina Society was administrated by Jonas Paulus Weiss and Kornelis van Laer in Zeist. 1 folder German

166 Overview of expenses and income and number of cattle during 1756, compiled by Jacob Lösch for Spangenberg, 1756. 1 item German

154 Payment order by Spangenberg to Br. Oerter to reimburse Jacob van der Merck for his work on the mill in Wachovia, 1757. 1 item English

174 Annual accounts of the diacony at Bethabara, 1761 ‐ 1765. Also includes some additional sheets with related calculations. 1 folder German

History and Commemorations

11 "Historischer Bericht vom Anfange und Fortgange des Brüder‐Etablissements in der Wachau" Historical account of the beginning and continution of the Moravians in Wachovia, 1752‐ 1772, 1772. 1 item paper discolored German

73 "Lob‐ und Dank‐Opfer der Gemeinen in der Wachau für die Bewahrungen Gottes während der Nord‐Amerikanischen Unruhen vom Jahr 1774 bis zum Jahr 1783"

Psalm of Joy of the Congregations in Wachovia, celebrating the end of the Revolutionary War, containing an account of the events during the years 1774‐ 1783, 1783. 2 items draft, and a clean copy German

187 Account of the celebration of the Elder's Festival for members of all Wachovia congregations in Salem, 1800. Also includes a copy of the ode (printed) Because the new church in Salem was large enough, it was decided to have a communion service for all communicant members in Wachovia 1 folder German

96 Account of the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of Moravian work in Wachovia, held in Salem, 1803. Includes: ‐ account of the service, with a poem by Bernhard Adam Grube and statistics of the congregations in Wachovia, 1753‐1803 ‐ History of Moravian work in Wachovia during the first 50 years by Christian Ludwig Benzien (2x) ‐ printed ode "Dank‐ und Freuden‐Psalm" 1 item German

168 Chronological overview of events in Wachovia, 1807. 1 notebook German

110 History of the congregation at Salem, written at the fiftieth anniversary, 1816. 1 item German

225 "An Account of the Arrival and First Settlement of the Moravian Brethren at Bethabara in Wachovia, on the 17th of November 1753 and of some of the principal subsequent events", [1853]. 26 pages English

Initial Purchase and Settlement

158 Papers regarding the terms of the deed for the purchase and settlement of Wachovia, without date. 1 folder German, English

220 Correspondence with Lord Granville and his agents Thomas Child and Francis Corbin, 1750 ‐ 1756. Includes: 1 folder English, German

215 "Einige wichtige Schriften, die Wachau betreffend" Collection of various documents relating to Wachovia, compiled by Spangenberg, 1752 ‐ 1753. The collection consists of various detailed descriptions of land in North Carolina, visited by Spangenberg and Henry Antes between November 1752 and January 1753, as well as ideas and suggestions for the settlement of the land. No. 25 is a list of ideas of how to name the places (including "Wachau"). No. 26 is a diary of the journey of Spangenberg's group to North Carolina and back; the other texts are various notes and observations. Most documents are duplicates: authorized (signed) copy and an additional copy. 1 folder copies German, English

157 Papers regarding the first exploration of the land in North Carolina, 1752 ‐ 1753. Also includes instructions by Spangenberg from London for a first group to go out from Bethlehem to North Carolina The travel group consisted of Spangenberg, Timothy Horsfield, Joseph Müller, Hermann Loesch, Johann Merck, and Henry Antes. 1 folder English, German

151 Lists of reminders regarding Wachovia by Spangenberg, 1753. 1 folder German

160 Mortgage deed for 98,985 acres of land in North Carolina (Wachovia tract) between John Carteret, 2nd Earl of Granville, and James Hutton, 1753 Aug. 7. 1 item authentic copy English

214 Power of attorney for August Gottlieb Spangenberg and Kornelis van Laer as directors of the Carolina Society, 1753. 1 item copy German

159 Set of nineteen deeds by John Carteret, 2nd Earl of Granville, to James Hutton for land in North Carolina (Wachovia tract), with surveys of the individual tracts, 1753 Aug. 7. The map that was found with these deed ("A general Plan of 73,037 Acres of Land...") was moved to Drawings & Prints (DP f.048.34). 1 folder authentic copies English

141 "Br. Petri Memoranda über Wachau vom Jahr 1754, auch Copia seines Briefs an den Gouverneur Dubbs" Peter Boehler's notes about his visit to North Carolina in 1754, with a draft of Spangenberg's letter to Arthur Dobbs, 1754. Arthur Dobbs arrived as colonial governor in North Carolina on October 31, 1754. 1 folder German

142 Papers regarding financing the purchase and settlement of Wachovia through the North Carolina Society, [1754] ‐ 1755. Includes: copies of various letters and memoranda as well as copies of mortgage notes (Rekognitionsscheine) from the purchasers of individual lots. 1 folder German

Instructions

156 "Ohnmaßgebliches Project zur Besezung des Districts in North Caroline von 98,985 acres of land" General plan for settling in North Carolina, by Spangenberg (with copy), 1753 Sept. 12.

2 items German

150 List of questions by Christian [Rauch] regarding his work in Wachovia (unanswered), (ca. 1755). 1 item German

170 Various memoranda relating to Wachovia, 1755 ‐ 1759. The questions were possibly discussed and answered in meetings in Bethlehem. 3 items German

179 Spangenberg's reply to questions regarding Moravian property in Wachovia, 1762. On the reverse: a receipt signed by Jacob Loesch for various expenses relating to surveying and deeds. The questions are not found. 1 item German

175 Minutes of the meeting of the Direktorialcollegium in Herrnhut about the future of Wachovia, 1763. The Direktorialcollegium was a financial board of the worldwide Moravian Church, 1757‐1764. 1 folio booklet German

177 Memorandum from the committee, installed by the Unity Warden's Conference in Herrnhut, regarding the finances of Wachovia, 1767. 1 item German

185 "Gemeinordnungen," regulations for the Moravian congregation at Salem, (ca. 1775). 1 item For other copies of the regulations, see PHC German

Memoirs Most memoirs are included in the diary.

226 Memoirs of various persons, 1770 ‐ 1809. Includes: 1. Austin, Christine (1733‐1779) 2. Meinung, Christian Ludwig (1777‐1779) 3. Bachhoff, Ludolf Gottlieb (1717‐1776) 4. Benzien, Anna Dorothea (1764‐1801) (2x) 5. Bage, Susanna Elisbeth (1736‐1778) 6. Beroth, Anna Eva (1749‐1773) 7. Blum, Anna Maria (1741‐1778) 8. Colver, Johanna Elisabeth (1750‐1797) 9. Fockel, Gottlieb (1724‐1778) 10. Hanke, Anna Elisabeth (1760‐1818) 11. Klein, Johann (1727‐1770) 12. Marschall, Hedwig Elisabeth von (nee Schweinitz), (1724‐1795) 13. Münster, Anna (1742‐1777) 14. Nielsen, Jeppe (1726‐1780) 15. Nilson, Jonas (1712‐1779) 16. Baumgarten, Johann Georg (1722‐1779) 17. Peter, Benigna (1749‐1792) 18. Peter, Simon (1743‐1819) 19. Praezel, Elisabeth (1742‐1782) 20. Rank, Georg Michael (1729‐1813) 21. Reichel, Anna Dorothea (1755‐1806) 22. Rominger, David (1716‐1777) 23. Schill, Bernhard Christoph (1727‐1770) 24. Schmidt, Johanna Magdalena (1729‐1778) 25. Schropp, Matthaeus (1722‐1767) 26. Schulze, Eva (1705‐1779) 27. Wutrobe, Johann (1744‐1778) 28. Bishop (Bischof), Johann David (1749‐1809) [20th‐century copy]

1 folder German

Minutes

13 Minutes of the "Landarbeiter Conferenzen," meetings of ministers in the country congregations, without date. Includes: 1. Sept. 15, 1780 2. Oct. 16, 1780 3. Nov. 14, 1780 ‐ March 13, 1781 1 folder drafts German

155 Minutes of conference meetings about Wachovia ("Wachauische Conferenz"), held in Bethlehem, 1755 ‐ 1757. 1 item German

7 Minutes of a conference meeting in Wachovia, 1756 Sept. 18. 1 item German

144 Minutes of the church council (Gemeinrat) held in Bethabara, 1757 Jan. 17. 1 item German

Missions Also see the reports included in the diary.

91 Reports by Abraham Steiner and Friedrich Christian von Schweinitz about their visit to the Cherokee in Tennessee, 1799 ‐ 1800. Includes: ‐. Oct 28 ‐ Dec. 28, 1799 (Also includes the memorabilia (annual report) of the congregations in Wachovia and a letter by Abraham Steiner and Friedrich Christian von Schweinitz to the Helpers' Conference in Salem about their visit) ‐. Aug. 25 ‐ Nov. 2, 1800 1 folder Also see WachP 90 German

97 Diary of the Moravian mission at Springplace, Georgia, 1802 ‐ 1806.

The diary begins December 19, 1802. The years 1806 and 1807 only cover the first quarter. 1 item German

Oversight of Trades

165 Notification about the value of goods to be accepted instead of cash payment in Moravian shops, 1756 Dec. 14. 1 item English

147 Instruction for Johann Schaub as store keeper in Bethabara, 1759. 1 item German

176 Agreement between Abraham van Gammern as steward at Bethabara and Jacob van der Merck as mill wright and gun stocker in Bethabara, 1763. 1 item copy English

14 Balance sheet of the diacony store in Salem, 1781. 1 item torn, some loss of text along the borders German

Property

178 Model for an indenture (contract) for the lease of a lot in "Bethany" (Bethania) and draft for an advertisement for the lease of land in Wachovia, 1760s. 1 item German

183 Notes taken by John Ettwein during a survey of land in Wachovia, (ca. 1760). The notes probably refer to a map. 1 booklet German

180 Papers regarding Hugh Montgomery's lawsuit to clear title of the Mulberry Fields property, 1792 ‐ 1793.

Title of the Mulberry Fields property was disputed because the proprietor of Moravian land, Friedrich Marschall, was in Europe between 1774 and 1779, during which time, according to the North Carolina Confiscation Act (1777), all lands were declared vacant belonging to a person who was absent from the country on July 4, 1776, and still absent at the time of the act, unless he appeared at the 1778 Assembly session to substantiate his citizenship. 1 mfolder Also see John Ettwein Papers (PP EJ 1327) German, English

Relations with the Government

161 Papers regarding the petition to the Assembly of North Carolina for an act to establish Wachovia as a separate parish, 1754 Aug. 19. Includes: ‐. draft with comments by Spangenberg and Hehl ‐. signed copy, with signatures of David Nitschmann and Matthaeus Hehl, 1754 Aug. 19 ‐. certificate for David Nitschmann and Christian Thomas Benzien as authorized deputies of the Moravian Church, with bishop's seal, Bethlehem, 1755 Apr. 7 ‐. certificate for Christian Thomas Benzien as authorized deputies of the Moravian Church, with bishop's seal, Bethlehem, 1755 July ‐. Act by the Assembly of North Carolina to establish Dobbs Parish, encompassing the entire Wachovia tract, as a separate parish in Rowan County, [1755] (printed) 1 folder English, German

153 Petition submitted by Spangenberg to J. White in London for advice on how to obtain a charter and financial assistance for the Moravian colony in North Carolina, with White's response, 1754 Jan. 17. 1 item English

116 Travel journal by Jacob and Hermann Lösch (Loesch) of their visit to New Bern, North Carolina, 1755, Dec. 2 ‐ 19. New Bern was seat of the governor at the time. 1 item (6 p.) German

163 Travel journal by Br. Benzien and Br. Stauber of their journey from Bethlehem to New Bern, North Carolina, 1756 July 30 ‐ Sept. 1.

Also contains a note about a visit of the sherif, September 17, to discuss the same matter. New Bern was seat of the governor at the time. 2 items German

173 Address, presented by the Moravians to Governor Dunmore in New York, with his answer, 1770. It is not clear why this address is kept with the Wachovia Papers. 2 items contemporary copies English

12 Petition of the Moravians in Salem, Bethabara, and Bethania to the General Assembly of North Carolina for affirmation of their liberties and dispensation from military service and swearing oaths, with committee report and the resolution of the General Assembly, 1778. 1 item copy English

22 Report of the negotiations of Traugott Bagge and Jacob Blum with the General Assembly of North Carolina at Hillsborough, 1778. 1 folder German, English

67 Report of the negotiations of Br. Heckewelder and Br. Brezel with the General Assembly of North Carolina at Halifax, 1779. 1 item German, English

15 Account of the submission of a petition to the state legislature in Hillsborough, 1782. 1 item German

182 Address to President George Washington by the Moravians in Wachovia on the occasion of his visit to Salem, with Washington's reply, 1791. 1 item copy English

224 Copy of a letter received by Friedrich von Marschall from the Alex Martin, former governor of North Carolina, on the passing of Traugott Bagge, 1800. 1 item English

Travel

1 Travel journal of Br. Joseph (Spangenberg), Timothy Horsefield, Joseph Müller, Hermann Loesch and Johann Merck from Bethlehem to North Carolina, with a journal by Joseph Müller of the same journey, 1752 Aug. 25 ‐ 1753 Feb. 12. 2 items German

2 Travel journal of he first group of single brothers from Bethlehem to Bethabara in North Carolina, as well as the return of some of the men to Bethlehem, 1753 Oct. 8 ‐ 1754 Jan. 19. 1 item See typescript copy in Trans 88 English

5 Travel journal of Br. Grube, accompanying eight single brothers (Christensen, G. Schmidt, Holder, Johann Ranke, Andreas Betz, Jacob "Kobus" van der Merk, Nagel and Kapp) from Bethlehem to James River and his return journey to Bethlehem, 1754 Sept. 20 ‐ Oct. 21. German

189 Letter, written by Samuel Wuttke to Gottlieb and Christian Seidel, about his journey from Bethlehem to Bethabara, [1755]. Wuttke traveled with Johann Richter, Georg Göpfert, and Andreas Gross (and possibly with others) and arrived on September 15, 1755 in Wachovia. 1 item German

162 Travel account of a journey by David Nitschmann and Jacob Loesch along the Yadkin River, with a description of the land, 1755 May 12 ‐ 31. Includes: In Nitschmann's handwriting. 1 item German

6 Travel journal of a group of 29 single brothers and married people, traveling from Bethlehem to Bethabara, 1755 Oct. 2 ‐ Nov. 4.

1 item German

181 Passport, issued by William Biuse, justice of the peace in Rowan County, North Carolina, for Michael Sauter and Johann Lischer traveling to Pennsylvania, 1756. 1 item English

136 Travel diary of Br. and Sr. Grabs with five single brothers from Bethlehem to Wachovia, 1756. 1 item German

164 Travel journal by Matthaeus Hehl of his visit to Wachovia, 1756 Aug. ‐ Sept.. Includes a description of the archives in Bethabara. 1 item German

167 List of distances between stops between Bethlehem and Wachovia, (ca. 1760). 1 item English

8 Travel account of a group travelling from Bethlehem via Philadelphia and Wilmington to Bethabara, 1762 Apr. 20 ‐ June 8. The members of the group were three married couples: Graf, van Gammern, and Transue; three small children; four single sisters: Mary Leipert, Felicitas Grosch, Betty Holder, and Elisabeth Palmer; the widow Anna Wittke; and one single brother, Herbst. Br. Schout went along as an escort. 1 item German

9 Accounts of Johannes Ettwein's travels from Bethabara to South Carolina and Georgia, 1762, 1765. Includes: 1. Nov. 24 ‐ Dec. 21, 1762 2. March 15 ‐ Apr. 19, 1765 2 items German

10 Travel account of the sea journey from England to Wachovia, 1765, Oct. 17 ‐ 1766, Jan. 29.

The group consisted of Daniel Schnepf and his wife, Nils Peterson and his wife, Gottfried Brazel and his wife and the (single?) men Thiemer, Jens Schmidt, Stoneburger, Bernhard, Schille, James Hurd, John Birkhead 1 item German

69 Travel journal of the journey of Carl Gotthold Reichel, his wife, Jeppe Nielsen, Johann Friedrich Peter, Br. and Sr. Hust, Br. and Sr. Blum, and Magdalena Reutz from Lititz to Salem, 1780, May 22 ‐ June 15. 1 item German

81 Report regarding a planned Moravian settlement on Long Cane Creek in South Carolina and of the visit by Friedrich Marshall and Ludwig Benzien to that area in November and December, with a map, 1790. 1 folder German

Various

152 Various poems, written for various occasions in Wachovia, 1752 ‐ 1755. Includes: ‐. on the departure of Spangenberg c.s., of their first visit to North Carolina, 1752 Aug. 26 ‐. on the new year, 1755 ‐. on David Nitschmann, 1755 May 12 ‐. on Zinzendorf's birthday, 1755 May 26 ‐. on Matthaeus Hehl's birthday, 1757 Apr. 30 1 folder German

184 "Miscellanea die Wachau betreffend" Miscellaneous notes regarding Wachovia, (ca. 1760). Mainly notes about vegatation (trees and fruit) and their possible use; notes about wages for surveyors and about measurements. 1 booklet German; English

16 Accounts of the laying of foundation stones as well as the dedications of various buildings, 1785 ‐ 1806. Includes:

‐ laying of foundation stone for the sisters' house in Salem on March 31, 1785, and account of the moving in of the sisters on April 5, 1786 ‐ laying of foundation stone for the church in Salem, 1798 ‐ dedication of the church in Salem, 1800 ‐ laying of foundation stone for Boarding School for Girls in Salem, 1803 ‐ dedication of the Boarding School for Girls in Salem, 1805; with account of the history of the congregation in Hope (1780‐1805); history of Friedland (1780‐1805) ‐ laying of foundation stone for church in Bethania, 1806 1 folder German

188 Ode for the celebration of the eightieth birthday of Friedrich Wilhelm von Marschall as well as of the sixtieth anniversary of his service in the Moravian Church, held in Salem, 1801. 1 item German

190 Letter by Benedict Benade in Nazareth to Gotthold Reichel in Salem with instructions on how to gild the ball and weather vane on the spire of the church at Bethania, 1807. 1 item German

The reference number is the number on the left of the title. In order to request or cite items, you need the name/abbreviation of the record group and the reference number