Wachovia Papers (North Carolina)
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i Finding aid of the Wachovia Papers 1750 – 1857 WachP Paul Peucker 2015 ii Table of Contents Introduction iii Finding Aid 1 Catalogs 1 Correspondence 1 Diary 19 Finances 40 History and Commemorations 41 Initial Purchase and Settlement 43 Instructions 44 Memoirs (Most memoirs are included in the diary) 46 Minutes 47 Missions (Also see the reports included in the diary) 47 Oversight of Trades 48 Property 48 Relations with the Government 49 Travel 51 Various 53 iii INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reference Code WachP 1.2 Title Wachovia Papers 1.3 Date(s) 1750‐1857 1.4 Level of Description Item level 1.5 Extent and medium of the unit of description (quantity, bulk, or size) 15 boxes 2.1 Name of Creator Bethlehem Congregation, Provincial Helpers’ Conference 2.2 Administrative / Biographical History In 1753 Moravians purchased 98,985 acres in North Carolina and called it Wachau or, in English, Wachovia. The name Wachau is part of Count Zinzendorf’s noble title and refers to an area in Austria where the Zinzendorfs’ ancestral estate was located. The Moravians founded several congregations in Wachovia: Bethabara, Bethania, Salem (now Winston‐Salem) as the central town, Friedberg, and Friedland. During the first decades of its existence the Elders Conference in Bethlehem (beginning 1762 the Oeconomatskonferenz) oversaw the activities in Wachovia and the leaders in Wachovia reported to Bethlehem. Therefore, many letters, reports, diaries, memoirs, and financial statements were sent to Bethlehem during the early decades. 2.3 Archival History Records relating to the congregations in Wachovia were made into a separate record group and arranged by Kenneth Hamilton. Hamilton's organization may have been based on an older system of arrangement and there was much overlap between folders. Hamilton's successor Vernon Nelson moved boxes from the records of the PHC that related to Wachovia and included them into the Wachovia Records. Vernon Nelson also compiled inventory lists of some of the boxes. In 2014 Paul Peucker began rearranging the papers. He added additional boxes from PHC records (correspondence until 1857) to the Wachovia Papers for reasons of consistency. Maps found with the Wachovia Papers were moved to the collection of Drawings and Prints. The finding aid was completed in 2015. iv 2.4 Immediate source of acquisition or transfer n/a 3.1 Scope and content The record group contains mostly reports, diaries, correspondence and other documents, relating to the oversight of the Bethlehem congregation (after 1762: the Provincial Helpers' Conference) had over Moravian activity in North Carolina. An apparent gap is the year 1758. 3.2 Appraisal, desctruction and scheduling information n/a 3.3 Accruals Not expected 3.4 System of Arrangement The records are organized by the following categories: catalogs, correspondence, diary, finances, history and commemorations, initial purchase and settlement, instructions, memoirs, minutes, missions, oversight of trades, property, relations with the government, travel, and various. 4.1 Conditions governing access unrestricted 4.2 Conditions governing reproduction Researchers may make digital reproductions for the purpose of personal study. Reproductions may not be published shared with others without permission of the Moravian Archives. 4.3 Language/ scripts of material Mostly German, English 4.4 Physical characteristics and technical requirements n/a 4.5 Finding aids Item level finding aid; searchable database (Augias), also online 5.1 Existence and location of originals n/a 5.2 Existence and location of copies In 1952 a selection of letters were microfilmed for Old Salem (see letter in file). It is unknown if other material was ever microfilmed. v 5.3 Related units of description See the records at the Southern Province Archives in Winston‐Salem; for additional travel journals, see TravJournals; Ettwein Papers 5.4 Publication Note C. Daniel Crews and Richard W. Starbuck. With Courage for the Future: The Story of the Moravian Church, Southern Province. Winston‐Salem, N.C: Moravian Church in America, Southern Province, 2002. Fries, Adelaide L, Douglas L. Rights, Minnie J. Smith, Kenneth G. Hamilton, C D. Crews, and Lisa D. Bailey. Records of the Moravians in North Carolina. Raleigh: Edwards & Broughton Print. Co, 11 vols.,1922‐(2006). 6.1 Note 7.1 Archivist’s Note 7.2 Rules or Conventions 7.3 Date(s) of descriptions 2014‐2015 Moravian Archives Bethlehem «Wachovia Papers» 1 Catalogs 143 Lists of residents of Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1756. Includes: ‐. list of the first brethren who went from Bethlehem to Wachovia, 1753 Oct. 8 (2x) ‐. list of four brethren sent to Wachovia with biographical information, March 1755 ‐. schedule of the "Stundenwache," hourly prayer watch, 1755 or later ‐. list of the single brethren in Wachovia, 1756 Aug. 23 ‐. list of married people and single brothers in Waachovia, 1756 Sept. 16 ‐. list of all "souls" in Bethabara and Bethania, 1762 Sept. 10 1 item German Correspondence 218 Correspondence with Henry Cossart regarding Wachovia, 1752 ‐ 1755. The end of the letter to Spangenberg, London 12 May 1752, appears to have been written by Zinzendorf. 1 folder German, English 223 Correspondence with Zinzendorf regarding Wachovia, 1752 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German 221 Letters received by Spangenberg from Henry Antes, with one response by Spangenberg, 1752 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German 213 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1754. Includes: ‐. Spangenberg to Daniel Benezet, 1753 Jan. 20 (2x) ‐. Bernhard Adam Grube to Spangenberg, Wachovia, Dec. 18, 1753 ‐. Spangenberg to [Arthur Dobbs ?], Lindseyhouse, 1754 Jan. 9 ‐. Christian Schmidt to Spangenberg, Stettin, 1754 Jan. 22 The reference number is the number on the left of the title. In order to request or cite items, you need the name/abbreviation of the record group and the reference number Moravian Archives Bethlehem «Wachovia Papers» 2 ‐. Br. Hess to Spangenberg, Gotha, 1754 Aug. 8 1 folder German, English 217 Correspondence with Peter Boehler regarding Wachovia, 1753 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German 3 Letters, received from Jacob Loesch in Bethabara, 1753 ‐ 1757. 1 folder German 222 Correspondence with Jonas Paulus Weiss regarding Wachovia, 1754 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German 219 Letters received from Jacob Friis in Wachovia, 1754 ‐ 1755. 1 folder German 216 Correspondence with Kornelis van Laer regarding Wachovia, 1754 ‐ 1756. 1 folder German 139 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1755. Includes letters from: ‐. Johannes Lischer to Spangenberg, n.d. ‐. Friedrich von Marschall to Ludwig Benzien, London 1755 March 30 (with note by Spangenberg) ‐. Ludwig Benzien and David Nitschmann to Spangenberg, Lancaster, 1755 Apr. 10 ‐. Paul Christian Stauber to Spangenberg, Wachovia, 1755 May 30 ‐. Friedrich von Marschall to Spangenberg, London, 1755 June 2 ‐. Jan Otten to Spangenberg, Amsterdam 1755 June 6 ‐. Spangenberg to Joseph Müller, 1755 June 23; with Müller's reply, Gnadenthal, 1755 June 24 ‐. David Nitschmann to Spangenberg, Mahony, 1755 June 29 ‐. Spangenberg to Ludwig Benzien, Bethlehem 1755 June 30 ‐. Johannes Lischer to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1755 Aug. 10 ‐. Spangenberg to Ludwig Benzien, Bethlehem 1755 Aug. 18 ‐. Sauter to Spangenberg about his journey to North Carolina and his return to Bethlehem, Bethlehem 1755 Sept. The reference number is the number on the left of the title. In order to request or cite items, you need the name/abbreviation of the record group and the reference number Moravian Archives Bethlehem «Wachovia Papers» 3 ‐. James Hasell to Peter Boehler, Edenton, NC, 1755 Oct. 28 ‐. Christian Heinrich Rauch to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1755 Nov. 8 ‐. note by [Hehl?], Heidelberg [1755] Nov. 24 1 folder German, English, Dutch 171 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1756. Includes letters from: ‐. Ludwig Benzien to Christian Heinrich Rauch, Bethlehem 1756 Febr. 26 (copy) ‐. Heinrich Cossart to Br. Kalberlahn and others, Herrnhut 1756 March ‐. Christian Heinrich Rauch to Spangenberg, Wachovia 176 Apr. 20 ‐. Christian Gottlob Hoffman to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 June 20 ‐. Ludwig Benzien to Spangenberg, Corbin's Point 1756 Aug. 17 ‐. Matthaeus Hehl to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 Aug. 30 ‐. Ludwig Benzien to David Jones, sheriff of Rowan county, Wachovia 1756 Sept. 13 ‐. Ludwig Benzien to Frances Corbin, Wachovia 1756 Sept. 17 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 Sept. 17 ‐. Matthaeus Hehl to Spangenberg, Warwik 1756 Oct. 10 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1756 Nov. 2 ‐. Matthaeus Hehl to Spangenberg, Lititz 1756 Dec. 18 1 folder German, English 172 Correspondence regarding Wachovia, 1757, 1761. Includes: ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Jan. 19 ‐. poem by Sautter for Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Jan. 22 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 [March] 23 ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Apr. 13 ‐. ? to Spangenberg, Wachovia 1757 Apr. 13 ‐. Ellnder Hill to the brethren in Wachovia, Wilmington 1757 Aug. 25 (Engl.) ‐. Christian Gottlieb Seidel to Spangenberg, Bethabara 1757 Sept. 17 ‐. John Ettwein ("Edwin") to Spangenberg, Bethabara Jan. 19 1 folder German, English 148 Letters received by Nathanael Seidel from various brethren in Wachovia, 1762 ‐ 1763. 1 folder some very fragile German The reference number is the number on the left of the title. In order to request or cite items, you need the name/abbreviation of the record group and the reference number Moravian Archives Bethlehem «Wachovia Papers» 4 149 Letters received by Friedrich von Marschall from various