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Cesifo Working Paper No. 6586 Category 2: Public Choice
6586 2017 July 2017 Activated History – The Case of the Turkish Sieges of Vienna Christian Ochsner, Felix Roesel Impressum: CESifo Working Papers ISSN 2364‐1428 (electronic version) Publisher and distributor: Munich Society for the Promotion of Economic Research ‐ CESifo GmbH The international platform of Ludwigs‐Maximilians University’s Center for Economic Studies and the ifo Institute Poschingerstr. 5, 81679 Munich, Germany Telephone +49 (0)89 2180‐2740, Telefax +49 (0)89 2180‐17845, email [email protected] Editors: Clemens Fuest, Oliver Falck, Jasmin Gröschl www.cesifo‐group.org/wp An electronic version of the paper may be downloaded ∙ from the SSRN website: www.SSRN.com ∙ from the RePEc website: www.RePEc.org ∙ from the CESifo website: www.CESifo‐group.org/wp CESifo Working Paper No. 6586 Category 2: Public Choice Activated History – The Case of the Turkish Sieges of Vienna Abstract We study whether long-gone but activated history can shape social attitudes and behavior even after centuries. We exploit the case of the sieges of Vienna in 1529 and 1683, when Turkish troops pillaged individual municipalities across East Austria. In 2005, Austrian right-wing populists started to campaign against Turks and Muslims and explicitly referred to the Turkish sieges. We show that right-wing voting increased in once pillaged municipalities compared to non-pillaged municipalities after the campaigns were launched, but not before. The effects are substantial: Around one out of ten votes for the far-right in a once pillaged municipality is caused by salient history. We conclude that campaigns can act as tipping points and catalyze history in a nonlinear fashion. -
The Empire Is Back
KNOWLEDGE FROM THE EMPIRE IS BACK TEXT: JEANNETTE GODDAR The Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire are long gone – but in many European cities, they are still very much alive. 58 In Vienna, for example, remem- brance of the times when the city was besieged by the Turks is fostered, while the tens of thou- ment park. To put it another way: in liberation from the Turks. Today, the sands of Viennese citizens of most cases, it is not the capital of place is marked by a plaque, with the Turkish origin are ignored. At the Austria that people are shown in their following inscription in Latin: “Once, Max Planck Institute for the first encounter with this city, but the Maria came to save us from suffering Study of Religious and Ethnic hub of the Habsburg dynasty, which at the hands of the Turks. Proud stone came to an end just over a hundred figures expressed the gratitude of Diversity in Goettingen, a team years ago. However, such city tours their city.” led by Jeremy F. Walton is studying also take them past reminders – some the way in which former empires of them more visible, some less – of There is more to this story: a number of are treated today. the two sieges of Vienna by the Otto- buildings in Vienna are decorated man Empire. In 1529 and 1683, Otto- with shimmering golden “Turkish man troops stood on the outskirts of cannonballs” that symbolize the the capital of the Danube Monarchy. Ottoman bombardment of the city. Visitors to Vienna are keen to tour the They were unsuccessful in their There are stone sculptures showing city in one of the many traditional and attempts to seize the city, but to this Ottoman horsemen, a park called comfortable horse-drawn carriages day, the story is firmly anchored in “Tuerkenschanzpark” (Turkish that solicit customers all day long Austrian historiography. -
Ottoman History of South-East Europe by Markus Koller
Ottoman History of South-East Europe by Markus Koller The era of Ottoman Rule, which began in the fourteenth century, is among the most controversial chapters of South-East European history. Over several stages of conquest, some of them several decades long, large parts of South-Eastern Europe were incorporated into the Ottoman Empire, or brought under its dominion. While the Ottomans had to surrender the territories north of the Danube and the Sava after the Peace Treaty of 1699, the decline of Ot- toman domination began only in the nineteenth century. Structures of imperial power which had been implemented in varying forms and intensity in different regions were replaced by emerging nation states in the nineteenth century. The development of national identities which accompanied this transformation was greatly determined by the new states distancing themselves from Ottoman rule, and consequently the image of "Turkish rule" has been a mainly negative one until the present. However, latest historical research has shown an increasingly differentiated image of this era of South-East European history. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Military and Political Developments 2. The Timar System 3. Ottoman Provincial Administration 1. Regional Differences in the Ottoman Provincial Administration 4. Islamisation 5. Catholic Christianity, Orthodox Christianity and Judaism 6. Urban Life 7. Appendix 1. Bibliography 2. Notes Indices Citation Military and Political Developments The Ottoman Empire had its roots in North-West Anatolia where in the thirteenth century the Ottoman Emirate was one of numerous minor Turkmen princedoms.1 The expansion of territory started under the founder of the dynasty, Osman (ca. -
Violence, Protection and Commerce
This file is to be used only for a purpose specified by Palgrave Macmillan, such as checking proofs, preparing an index, reviewing, endorsing or planning coursework/other institutional needs. You may store and print the file and share it with others helping you with the specified purpose, but under no circumstances may the file be distributed or otherwise made accessible to any other third parties without the express prior permission of Palgrave Macmillan. Please contact [email protected] if you have any queries regarding use of the file. Proof 1 2 3 3 4 Violence, Protection and 5 6 Commerce 7 8 Corsairing and ars piratica in the Early Modern 9 Mediterranean 10 11 Wolfgang Kaiser and Guillaume Calafat 12 13 14 15 Like other maritime spaces, and indeed even large oceans such as the 16 Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean was not at all a ‘no man’s sea’ – as 17 the sea in general appears, opposed to territorial conquest and occupa- 18 tion of land, in a prominent way in Carl Schmitt’s opposition between 19 a terrestrian and a ‘free maritime’ spatial order.1 Large oceanic spaces 20 such as the Indian Ocean and smaller ones such as the Mediterranean 21 were both culturally highly saturated and legally regulated spaces.2 22 The Inner Sea has even been considered as a matrix of the legal and 23 political scenario of imposition of the Roman ‘policy of the sea’ that 24 had efficiently guaranteed free circulation and trade by eliminating 25 the pirates – Cicero’s ‘enemy of mankind’ 3– who formerly had infected the 26 Mediterranean. -
Renesansno Vojno Umijeće U Hrvatsko-Turskim Ratovima
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Sveučilište J.J. Strossmayera u Osijeku Filozofski fakultet Diplomski studij Hrvatskog jezika i književnosti i povijesti Goran Živković Renesansno vojno umijeće u Hrvatsko-turskim ratovima Diplomski rad Mentor doc. dr. sc. Dubravka Božić Bogović Osijek, 2016. Sveučilište J.J. Strossmayera u Osijeku Filozofski fakultet Osijek Odsjek za povijest Diplomski studij Hrvatskog jezika i književnosti i povijesti Goran Živković Renesansno vojno umijeće u Hrvatsko-turskim ratovima Diplomski rad Humanističke znanosti, povijest, hrvatska i svjetska ranonovovjekovna povijest Mentor doc. dr. sc. Dubravka Božić Bogović Osijek, 2016. Sadržaj Uvod ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Kronološka tablica ...................................................................................................................... 3 1. Renesansa kao povijesno razdoblje ...................................................................................... 13 1.1. Renesansa u europskoj povijesti. ................................................................................... 14 1.2. Renesansa u hrvatskoj povijesti.. ................................................................................... 15 1.3. Vojnopovijesna dimenzija renesansnog razdoblja.. ....................................................... 16 -
An Ottoman Global Moment
AN OTTOMAN GLOBAL MOMENT: WAR OF SECOND COALITION IN THE LEVANT A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In History By Kahraman Sakul, M.A Washington, DC November, 18, 2009 Copyright 2009 by Kahraman Sakul All Rights Reserved ii AN OTTOMAN GLOBAL MOMENT: WAR OF SECOND COALITION IN THE LEVANT Kahraman Sakul, M.A. Dissertation Advisor: Gabor Agoston, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to place the Ottoman Empire within its proper context in the Napoleonic Age and calls for a recognition of the crucial role of the Sublime Porte in the War of Second Coalition (1798-1802). The Ottoman-Russian joint naval expedition (1798-1800) to the Ionian Islands under the French occupation provides the framework for an examination of the Ottoman willingness to join the European system of alliance in the Napoleonic age which brought the victory against France in the Levant in the War of Second Coalition (1798-1802). Collections of the Ottoman Archives and Topkapı Palace Archives in Istanbul as well as various chronicles and treatises in Turkish supply most of the primary sources for this dissertation. Appendices, charts and maps are provided to make the findings on the expedition, finance and logistics more readable. The body of the dissertation is divided into nine chapters discussing in order the global setting and domestic situation prior to the forming of the second coalition, the Adriatic expedition, its financial and logistical aspects with the ensuing socio-economic problems in the Morea, the Sublime Porte’s relations with its protectorate – The Republic of Seven United Islands, and finally the post-war diplomacy. -
Contributions of the Ottoman Empire to the Construction of Modern Europe
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN EUROPE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY MUSTAFA SERDAR PALABIYIK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS JUNE 2005 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Sencer Ayata Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science/Arts / Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. Atilla Eralp Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science/Arts/Doctor of Philosophy. Assoc. Prof. Dr. A. Nuri Yurdusev Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Bağcı (METU, IR) Assoc. Prof. Dr. A. Nuri Yurdusev (METU, IR) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ömer Turan (METU, HIST) ii I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name: Mustafa Serdar PALABIYIK Signature: iii ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN EUROPE Palabıyık, Mustafa Serdar M.Sc., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. A. Nuri Yurdusev June 2003, 159 pages This thesis aims to analyze the contributions of the Ottoman Empire to the construction of modern Europe in the early modern period. -
Stato Da Màr
Stato da Màr TABLE OF CONTENTS Historic Background ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................4 Campaign Map ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5 The Game ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Campaign Starting Positions............................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Campaign Turns ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Initiative ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Ship Building...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 -
Was Suleiman?
NEW YORK STATE SOCIAL STUDIES RESOURCE TOOLKIT 9th Grade Suleiman Inquiry How “Magnificent” Was Suleiman? Titian, painting of Suleiman, c1530 ©World History Archive/Newscom Supporting Questions 1. How was Suleiman characterized during his reign? 2. How did Suleiman expand the Ottoman Empire? 3. What changes did Suleiman make to the governance of the Ottoman Empire? 4. To what extent did Suleiman promote tolerance in the Ottoman Empire? THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 1 NEW YORK STATE SOCIAL STUDIES RESOURCE TOOLKIT 9th Grade Suleiman Inquiry How “Magnificent” Was Suleiman? 9.7 OTTOMANS AND MING PRE-1600: Christianity, Islam, and Neo-Confucianism influenced the New York State development of regions and shaped key centers of power in the world between 1368 and 1683. The Social Studies Ottoman Empire and Ming Dynasty were two powerful states, each with a view of itself and its place in the Framework Key world. Idea & Practices Gathering, Using, and Interpreting Evidence Comparison and Contextualization Staging the Students read an excerpt from the National Geographic (2014) article “After 450 Years, Archaeologists Still Question Hunting for Magnificent Sultan’s Heart.” Discuss what reasons might explain the fascination with finding Suleiman’s remains. Supporting Question 1 Supporting Question 2 Supporting Question 3 Supporting Question 4 How was Suleiman How did Suleiman expand What changes did Suleiman To what extent did Suleiman characterized during his the -
Special List 382: the Ottoman Empire
special list 382 1 RICHARD C.RAMER Special List 382 The Ottoman Empire 2 RICHARDrichard c. C.RAMER ramer Old and Rare Books 225 east 70th street . suite 12f . new york, n.y. 10021-5217 Email [email protected] . Website www.livroraro.com Telephones (212) 737 0222 and 737 0223 Fax (212) 288 4169 July 20, 2020 Special List 382 The Ottoman Empire Items marked with an asterisk (*) will be shipped from Lisbon. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED: All items are understood to be on approval, and may be returned within a reasonable time for any reason whatsoever. VISITORS BY APPOINTMENT Specialspecial Listlist 382 382 3 The Ottoman Empire Procession and Prayers in Mecca to Ward Off the Persians 1. ANTONIO, João Carlos [pseudonym of António Correia de Lemos]. Relaçam de huma solemne e extraordinaria procissam de preces, que por ordem da Corte Ottomana fizerão os Turcos na Cidade de Meca, no dia 16 de Julho de 1728. Para alcançar a assistencia de Deos contra as armas dos Persas; e aplacar o flagello da peste, que todos os annos experimenta a sua Monarquia. Traduzida de huma que se recebeo da Cidade de Constanti- nopla por ... Primeira parte [only, of 2]. Lisboa Occidental: Na Officina de Pedro Ferreira, 1730. 4°, disbound. Small woodcut vignette on title page. Woodcut headpiece with arms of Portugal and five-line woodcut initial on p. 3. Minor marginal worming (touching a few letters at edges), light browning, lower margin unevenly cut but not touching text. Barely in good condition. 21, (2) pp. $700.00 First Edition in Portuguese, with a lengthy and detailed description of a procession at Mecca. -
Ottoman Corsairs in the Central Mediterranean and the Slave Trade in the 16Th Century
SAĠM ANIL KARZEK ANIL SAĠM MEDITERRANEAN AND THE SLAVE TRADE SLAVE AND THE IN MEDITERRANEAN OTTOMAN CORSAIRS IN THE CENTRAL CORSAIRS THE IN OTTOMAN OTTOMAN CORSAIRS IN THE CENTRAL THE 16TH 16TH THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THE SLAVE TRADE IN THE 16TH CENTURY CENTURY A Master‟s Thesis by SAĠM ANIL KARZEK Department of History Ġhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University Ankara Bilkent 2021 University August 2021 To my beloved family OTTOMAN CORSAIRS IN THE CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN AND THE SLAVE TRADE IN THE 16TH CENTURY The Graduate School of Economics and Social Sciences of Ġhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University by SAĠM ANIL KARZEK In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in HISTORY THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY ĠHSAN DOĞRAMACI BĠLKENT UNIVERSITY ANKARA I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of History. Prof. Dr. Özer Ergenç Supervisor I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of History. I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of History Prof. Dr. Mehmet Veli Seyitdanlıoğlu Examining Committee Member Approval of the Graduate School of Economics and Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Refet Soykan Gürkaynak Director ABSTRACT OTTOMAN CORSAIRS IN THE CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN AND THE SLAVE TRADE IN THE 16TH CENTURY Karzek, Saim Anıl M.A., Department of History Supervisor: Özer Ergenç August 2021 This thesis aims to analyze the Ottoman corsairs and their role in the slave trade in the 16th century Mediterranean, and it concentrates on the corsair activity around the central Mediterranean during Suleiman I's reign. -
General Historical Survey
General Historical Survey 1521-1525 tention to the Knights Hospitallers on Rhodes (which capitulated late During the later years of his reign Sultan Selīm I was engaged militar- in 1522 after a long siege). ily against the Safavid state in Iran and the Mamluk sultanate in Syria and Egypt, so Central Europe felt relatively safe. King Lajos II of Hun- gary was only ten years old when, in 1516, he succeeded to the throne 1526-1530 and was placed under guardianship. In 1506 he had already been be- Between 1523 and 1525 Süleyman and his Grand Vizier and favour- trothed to Maria, the sister of Emperor Ferdinand, by the Pact of Wie- ite, Ibrahim Pasha (d. 942/1536), were chiefly engaged in settling ner Neustadt, where a royal double marriage was arranged between the affairs of Egypt. His second campaign into Hungary, which was the Habsburg and Jagiello dynasties. The government of Hungary was launched in April 1526, led ultimately, after a slow and difficult march, entrusted to a State Council, a group of men who were interested only to a military encounter known as the first Battle of Mohács. It was in enriching themselves. In a word: the crown had been reduced to fought on 20 Zilkade 932/29 August 1526 on the plain of Mohács, west political insignificance; the country was in chaos, the treasury empty, of the Danube in southern Hungary, near the present-day intersection the army virtually non-existent and the system of defence utterly ne- of Hungary, Croatia and Serbia. Both Süleyman and Lajos II partic- glected.