Gone to Alabama
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GONE TO ALABAMA A HISTORY OF THE DOBBS AND GILBREATH FA.\IILIES Part One and Part Two, Volume Two Compiled by EDWARD J. LADD Fort Payne, Ala. Copyright 19 7 3 EDWARD ] . LADD Library of Congress Card Catalog No. 72-96346 Binding by Library Binding Co. Waco, Texas Published by: Miran Publishers 3327 Winthrop Fort Worth, Texas PART Ol~E An Outline History of the Southeastern States FOREWORD In order to trace one's ancestors it is necessary to know the History of the Country to detennine the routes they took in their Westward migration. As more people inrnigrated to the Eastern shores of America it was necessary that most of them move Westward in order to find space in which to live. Free movement was blocked by hostile Indians, mountains and lack of roads. Naturally the country East of the mountains was devel oped first and migration followed the lines of least resistance. Due to lack of roads travel was first by rivers. Land was secured by treaties with the Indians, none of which were ever kept by the settlers or the Government. Finally prac tically all of the Indians East of the Mississippi River were re-located in the West. As land wore out due to lack of fertilizer or washed away due to lack of terraces the people moved to new land. The following Outline History of the Southeastern States is given to refresh the memory of the readers. The brief history of Northeast Alabama counties give a picture of the hardships their ancestors encountered in settling the land. SOURCES Outline History from various history text books. Maps from collection in Binningham Public Library. Indian Acquisitions from "Bureau of American Ethnology, Eighteenth Annual Report, Indian Land Cessions." County Histories from "Alabama Historical Quarterly." Other sources noted on Maps. INDEX STATE PAGE Alabama 77 Florida 93 Georgia 51 Kentucky 45 Mississippi 63 North Carolina 19 South Carolina 13 Tennessee 33 Virginia 4 County Histories l 03 FORMATION OF SOUTHEASTERN STATES CLAIMS W. OF NISS. RIVER RELINQUISHED BY BRITAIN, 1713 ---}.::: 39035' ------~L_--..J~~~~~-.C::.~-......----------1 - -i::·:~:.. ... VA. 1809 TENN. IT96 "Esr To P4c.,;,.;;,c~o;;;coi,;.;.----,/----;'~•~o•:M~•:•~Lv:_:•;·c~.l~.L~-----.- ':;AIWEDJBV &A. .__ TO f 1802 I lflSS. I ALA. ... 1817 I 1115 11•• MISS. TER !TORY 1798 .,. -------1.:....___ ~-C-r--•-rM_E_o_..:•c_v_..:•::.:· '.:\--.'.:T0~!_'•7~87~- GiJLF OF Mexico HORN BOOK OF VA. HISTORY 1965 VA. STATE LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO. 25 ' PETERSBUA8 / / SALT LICK / f KENTUCKY I - ,,,- / MOCCASIN CU'tBERLAN / 8AP \ OAP -✓ I ~, _, ---- "J- ,..' NASHVILLE <' ) TENNESSEE ( , J r ~ ' _, / r / 'r MEMPHIS I ,'•,r----- I ,_ --,_ I ' 'I COLBERTS Jl'ERRY ,,..,.-,,.. / CHICKASAW / OLD FIELDS / I I OLD J I PONTOTOq' ALABAMA I HOUSTON I I MISSISSIPPI / I ( / 81RlflN1;8~H~A.jMM--+----_:._ I (.-------------JL-✓-1/1- ~HARLESTON / r 8REENVILLE \ / /' I 0CMUL9Ef / I / / :, I / ' I ', '-, /SAVANNAH ' MONTGOMERY ( 'J I JACICSON I f I I I I ST. ST~PHENS I I \ I - -- ~ I - - - \ J I ( 'PORT ' APALA<:HICOLA ' ~ JACM90NVILLI TALLAHASSEE FLORIDA -..,_ __..\ ST. AU8USTINf THE TRAIL SYSTEM OF THE SE US IN THE EARLY COLONIAL PERIOD FROM DATA COLLECTED BY W. E, MYE~ 1923 VIRGIN IA 1606 King James I of England issued a charter to the Virginia Company of London, authorizing that group of merchants and patriots to plant a settlement on the shores of North /1;-nerica. The grant was for a rectangle extending fifty miles north · and south of the point of settlement and running one hundred miles inland. 1607 Three small ships landed 104 Englishmen on the Virginia coast at Cape Henry. They sailed into the Chesapeak and then up the James river and built a fort called Jamestown. 1609 The King granted a new charter increasing the area to two hundred miles north and south of Point Comfort and extending west and northwest to the Pacific Ocean. Although the letters patent of James I to Sir Thomas Gauge and others for "two severa 1 co 1oni es", dated Apri 1 10, 1606, and his second charter May 23, 1609 to "the Treasurer and Company of Advanturers and Planters of the City of London for the first Colony of Virginia", granted full and complete right in the land "in free and comnon socage", yet neither contained any allusion to the ·rights or title of the natives. The "instructions" given by the council of the London Virginia Company to the first advanturers contains the following very slight indication of the policy to be adopted in dealing with the Indians: "In all your passages you must have great care not to offend the naturals, if you can eschew it; and employ some few of your company to trade with them for corn and all other lasting vituals if you [they?] have any: and this you must do before that they preceive you mean to plant among them". 1611 The Company sent out two new expeditions. A new land policy was adopted. More industrious settlers were assigned small plots of ground to grow crops for their own profit. At the coming of the English, the Indians naturally enjoyed the best and most convenient stations for fishing, and the most fertile lands. But in proportion as new settlers came in, they rapidly lost those advantages. In some cases the colonists claimed by the right of conquest, and the imginary title con ferred by the King's charter. In general however, they acted on better principles, and purchases from the head of the tribes, the right of soil, in a fair and [as far as was practicahle] in a 1ega 1 manner. 5 1613 Pocahontas married John Rolfe, their union initiated eight years of peace between the two races. 1618 New land policy adopted. Every stockholder in England received one hundred acres for every share of company stock. Every settler with seven years residence in Virginia received the same. ·To encourage immigration, the company offered fifty acres to every individual who would travel to Virginia at his own expense, and another fifty acres for each additional person he brought over. This last provision, the bases of the "headright" system, was the foundation of the colony's land policy through the rest of the century. 1622 The Indians of eastern Virginia made a sudden onslaught on the settlements and killed 347 people, one third of Virginia's total population. Jamestown was saved but the majority of those living on outlaying farms fell in the massare. The colonists eventually mounted a counterattack to subdue the Indians, and the success of this campaign brought about a prolonged truce. 1624 Reports of the disaster, combined with the Company's continued failure to pay cash dividens and the hostility of the Crown to Sir Edwin Sandy, Director of the Company, helped to bring about the end of the Company's rule. The charter was revoked, and Virginia's land and people passed under the control of King James I. In the half-century following the end of the Company, Virginians developed the form of local government which they werl to maintain until the Revolution. 1636 A treaty was concluded with the Indians fixing their boundary lines. Concentration on the cultivation of tobacco retarded the development of towns, and most Virginians were scattered throughout the Tidewater on farms and plantations. The basis governmental unit, borrowed from rural England was the county, of which there was approximately twenty by 1660. The official religion of the colony was that of the Church of England, and the parish was its basic unit. 6 1644 The Indians became restless and dissatisfied because of the encroachments made upon their lands, secured by the treaty of 1636 and attacked the settlements in a last great effort to kill the English colony venture. Almost five hundred settlers were killed. The colonists were quick to retaliate and they burned and slaughtered in their turn. Soon the Indians were decisively defeated and accepted a peace treaty which endep trouble for a generation. In this case it was made separately with the Heads of the Tribes and in a spirit of humanity. 1650 There were about 19,000 people living in Virginia, and this number almost doubled by 1670. Most of the inhabitants were freemen, working their own small farms, and there were a few large plantations. A minority were indentured servants, men and women who were bound to work for others for a tenn of years, in exchange for their passage to Virginia. Many of this class attained land of their own after their contracts had expired, and some rose to high positions in the colony. 1652 The English Civil War began in 1642 between the forces of the Crown and those of Parliament. The latter won victory in 1646, and three years later King Charles I was beheaded and England was proclaimed a Commonwealth. In 1652 three Parlia mentary commisioners arrived in Virginia, backed up by a small fleet. After Hostile maneuvering on both sides, the colony surrendered without firing a shot. Governor Berkley was forced to give up his office. 1660 Monarchy restored. Prince Charles mounted the throne as King Charles II. Sir William Berkeley was restored as governor of Virginia. 1676 A series of Indian raids on the frontier precipitated the out burst known as Bacon's Rebellion. In the years after Bacon's Rebellion the English government tightened its control over Virginia and her sister colonies. A succession of governors were sent out with instrucions to reduce the powers of the General Assembly and to enlarge those of the Crown. 7 1685 By 1685 these officials had succeeded in depriving the colonial legislature of several of its functions.