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Do Attractions Give Tourists Satisfaction?

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Do Attractions Give Tourists Satisfaction? Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 120 4th International Conference on Management, Economics and Business (ICMEB 2019) Do Attractions Give Tourists Satisfaction? Onggo Pramudito* Management Vocational Program, Economics and Business Faculty Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta, Indonesia *[email protected] Abstract—This research aims to identify the impact of besides the National Monument, Thousand Islands, TMII, tourist’s attraction and Tourists satisfaction on revisit intention. Ancol Dreamland and Dunia Fantasi. Ragunan Zoo has an area The object for this research is Ragunan Zoo at DKI Jakarta of around 140 hectares, with this vast zoo of animals being the Province. Quantitative-descriptive approach has employed in this second largest zoo in the world after those in Canada. The study. The questionnaire has distributed to 190 respondents. Ragunan Zoo was founded in 1864 and has a collection of Thus, SEM-PLS have adopted to run data analysis. This research more than 295 species and 4040 specimens, and continues to founds that tourist satisfaction have been significantly influence grow. Ragunan Zoo Jakarta is one of the family's favorite man- on revisit intention of Ragunan Zoo. But, tourist’s attraction made tourist destinations, especially for residents of Jakarta hasn’t been significantly influence on revisit intention of and surrounding areas. Ragunan Zoo. And, tourist attraction has been significantly influence on tourist satisfaction of Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Jakarta also has 8 leading man-made tourist destinations, with the number of visitors, most of which continue to increase Keywords: tourists attraction, tourists satisfaction, revisit each year but not too high. Since 2012 Ragunan Zoo has only intention, zoo, Jakarta, man-made tourist destination received tourist visits with an average of around 3-5 million visitors, as can be proven in table 1: I. INTRODUCTION Ragunan Zoo is one of the zoos in Indonesia which in the city of Jakarta, is one of the man-made tourist destination TABLE I. NUMBER OF TOURIST VISIT TO FAVOURITE MAN-MADE TOURIST DESTINATION 2012-2016 Year Tourist Attraction 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Taman Impian Jaya Ancol 15.848.956 15.948.829 16.085.604 16.661.517 17.850.284 TMII 4.726.273 4.483.847 4.587.735 5.575.905 4.977.704 Ragunan 4.283.895 3.681.968 4.100.570 5.157.035 5 .177.877 Monumen Nasional 1.441.346 1.380.868 1.156.208 1.539.195 1.878.155 Museum Nasional 175.397 169.527 245.848 266.359 380.762 Museum Satria Mandala 44.432 46.002 38.756 49.964 37.969 Museum Sejarah Jakarta 428.397 371.467 196.433 535.144 733.921 Pelabuhan Sunda Kelapa 35.764 40.210 50.779 63.220 43.398 Sum 26. 984.460 26.122.718 26.461.933 29.848.339 31.080.070 Source BPS Jakarta in figures 2017 Based on the results of the pre survey data in 2017 out of 20 respondents who had visited Ragunan Zoo felt that there B. Objectives was a high attraction in Ragunan Zoo, when viewed from the The objectives to be achieved in this study are to find out, results of pre-survey data which showed that 80% of analyze, conclude and provide suggestions regarding how respondents had visited Ragunan Zoo more than 2 visits, if it tourist attractions, tourist satisfaction and re-visit intention are was concluded that 80% of respondents showed satisfaction at interconnected in term to visit Ragunan Zoo? previous visits which led to a repeat visit to Ragunan Zoo. II. LITERATURE REVIEW, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND A. Problems HYPOTHESIS The formulation of the problem in this study is as follows: How is attraction, tourist satisfaction and re-visit intention are A. Tourism Marketing interconnected in the attractions of Ragunan Zoo? In general, the definition of tourism marketing proposed by Yoeti in Muljadi, is all activities to bring together demand Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 53 Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 120 (supply) and supply (supply), so that the buyer gets the the desired product, consume the product, and end with maximum profit with the minimum risk [1]. post-purchase actions, namely feeling satisfied or dissatisfied. Before conducting a marketing program there must be commitment from all related elements that tourism is an economic sector that is quick yielding and an agent of C. Re-visit Intention development for the region [2]. The intention to re-purchase is defined as repurchase intention, which is a strong desire to repurchase [5]. According Wahab, et al. in Yoeti, provide limits on tourism marketing, to Miller, Glawter, and Primban in Basiya and Rozak defining as follows [2]: purchase intention is a person's mental state that reflects a plan A management process carried out by the National to take several actions within a certain period of time [5]. Tourism Organization in collaboration with private tourism organizations, PHRI, ASITA, and other parties. D. Tourist Attraction Attraction or tourist attraction due to Yoeti is anything that Identify groups of tourists who already have the desire can attract tourists to visit a tourist destination, such as: (a) to travel (actual demand) and groups of tourists who Natural attraction: landscape, seascape, beaches, climate and have the potential to travel in the future (potential other geographical features of the destinations. (b) Cultural demand). attractions: history and folklore, religion, art and special events, Communicate and influence the desires, needs and festivals. (c) Social attractions: the way of life, the resident motivations of tourists towards those who are liked or populations, languages, opportunities for social encounters. (d) disliked, both at the local, regional, national or Built attraction: building, historic and modern architecture, international level. monuments, parks, gardens, marinas, etc. [2]. Providing tourist objects and attractions that is suitable In this study tourist attraction was measured by 3 indicators for tourists to achieve satisfaction. in Sayangbatti and Baiquni, including [6]: An effective marketing information system can be of high Attractions, everything that can make tourists interested value to a tourism organization by developing a modern in coming, or better known as a tourist attraction found planning system by setting goals each year and expected in a destination. achievements at the end of a period from a long-term plan [2]. Complete facilities, all kinds of facilities or supporting facilities needed by tourists in order to enjoy tourist B. Consumer Behaviour objects and attractions in a destination. Engel et al. in Sopiah and Sangadji, consumer behavior is an action that is directly involved in the acquisition, Accessibility, all forms of transportation facilities, both consumption, and finishing of a product or service, including transportation modes and supporting infrastructure that the process that precedes and follows the action [3]. According ensure the convenience of tourists to reach tourism to Griffin in Sopiah and Sangadji, consumer behavior is all objects. activities, actions, and psychological processes that encourage these actions at the time before buying, when buying, using, E. Customer Satisfaction spending products and services after doing the above or Satisfaction has become a central concept in marketing evaluating activities [3]. According to Hasan, consumer theory and practice, and one of the essential goals for business behavior is the study of the processes involved when activity. Edvardsson revealed that tourist satisfaction individuals or groups choose, buy, use, or manage products, contributes to a number of crucial aspects to create customer services, ideas or experiences to satisfy the needs and desires of loyalty [7]. Whereas According to Day quoted by Tjiptono consumers [4]. states that "Customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction is the According to Sopiah and Sangadji concluded that consumer response of the customer to the evaluation of discrepancies or behavior is [3]: disconfirmations felt between previous expectations (or other performance norms) and the actual performance of products The discipline that studies the behavior of individuals, that are felt after use" [8]. Dissatisfied customers will react groups or organizations and the processes used by with different actions. consumers to select, use products, services, experiences Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the (ideas) to satisfy the needs and desires of consumers, dissatisfaction felt will cause a reaction from the customer. and the impact of these processes on consumers and Some of the reactions caused can also be used as motivation society. for companies or organizations to improve the quality of Actions taken by consumers in order to achieve and services provided. fulfill their needs both in the use, consumption, and the exhaustion of goods and services, including the decision F. Conceptual Framework process that precedes and follows. Based on the literature review and previous research, the Actions or behaviors carried out by consumers that research formulates the thought framework as follows: begin by feeling the need and desire, then trying to get 54 Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 120 IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A. Evaluasi Measurement (Outer Model) 1) Convergent validity: Convergent Validity testing is used for each construct indicator to produce an output that meets the Convergent Validity Test requirements. 2) Discriminant validity TABLE II. DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY (FORNELL LARCKER) Tourist Tourist Re-visit Attraction Satisfaction Intention Tourist Attraction 0.801 Fig. 1. Conceptual framework. Tourist Satisfaction 0.170 0.825 Re-visit Intention 0.117 0.417 0.724 III. RESEARCH METHOD Source: Output PLS A. Time and Place of Research The subjects used by researchers were tourists in the Each latent variable has good discriminant validity where Meruya Selatan village who had visited Ragunan Zoo.
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