CERN 95-05 25 October 1995 • 7 ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE CERN EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH 1995 CERN SCHOOL OF COMPUTING Aries, France 20 August - 2 September 1995 PROCEEDINGS Editor: C.E. Vandoni GENEVA 1995 2 7 fe M © Copyright CERN, Genève, 1995 Propriété littéraire et scientifique réservée Literary and scientific copyrights reserved in pour tous les pays du monde. Ce document ne all countries of the world. This report, or peut être reproduit ou traduit en tout ou en any part of it, may not be reprinted or trans- partie sans l'autorisation écrite du Directeur lated without written permission of the copy- général du CERN, titulaire du droit d'auteur. right holder, the Director-General of CERN. Dans les cas appropriés, et s'il s'agit d'utiliser However, permission will be freely granted for le document à des fins non commerciales, cette appropriate non-commercial use. autorisation sera volontiers accordée. If any patentable invention or registrable Le CERN ne revendique pas la propriété des design is described in the report, CERN makes inventions brevetables et dessins ou modèles no claim to property rights in it but offers it susceptibles de dépôt qui pourraient être for the free use of research institutions, man- décrits dans le présent document; ceux-ci peu- ufacturers and others. CERN, however, may vent être librement utilisés par les instituts de oppose any attempt by a user to claim any recherche, les industriels et autres intéressés. proprietary or patent rights in such inventions Cependant, le CERN se réserve le droit de or designs as may be described in the present s'opposer à toute revendication qu'un usager document. pourrait faire de la propriété scientifique ou industrielle de toute invention et tout dessin ou modèle décrits dans le présent document. ISSN 0304-2898 ISBN 92-9083-076-X KS001994833 R: FI CERN 95-05 DE0O8523813 25 October 1995 *DE008523813* ORGANISATION EUROPÉENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE CERN EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH 1995 CERN SCHOOL OF COMPUTING Aries, France 20 August - 2 September 1995 PROCEEDINGS Editor: CE. Vandoni GENEVA 1995 ŒRN-Service d'information scientifique-RD/953-1500-octobre 1995 Abstract These proceedings contain a written account of the majority of the lectures given at the 1995 CERN School of Computing. The Scientific Programme was articulated on 8 main themes: Human Computer Interfaces Collaborative Software Engineering Information Super Highways Trends in Computer Architecture/Industry Parallel Architectures (MPP) Mathematical Computing Data Acquisition Systems World-Wide Web for Physics A number of lectures dealt with general aspects of computing, in particular in the area of Human Computer Interfaces (computer graphics, user interface tools and virtual reality). Applications in HEP of computer graphics (event display)was the subject of two lectures. The main theme of Mathematical Computing covered Mathematica and the usage of statistics packages. The important subject of Data Acquisition Systems was covered by lectures on switching techniques and simulation and modelling tools. A series of lectures dealt with the Information Super Highways and World-Wide Web Technology and its applications to High Energy Physics. Different aspects of Object Oriented Information Engineering Methodology and Object Oriented Programming in HEP were dealt in detail also in connection with data acquisition systems. On the theme 'Trends in Computer Architecture and Industry" lectures were given on: ATM Switching, and FORTRAN90 and High Performance FORTRAN Computer Parallel Architectures (MPP) lectures dealt with very large scale open systems, history and future of computer system architecture, message passing paradigm, features of PVM and MPI. iii Preface The eighteenth CERN School of Computing took place in Aries, France, from 20 August to 2 September, 1995, and brought together 21 lecturers and 68 students from 17 different countries and of 21 different nationalities. The School was organised in collaboration with the Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3) which is part of the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, France. The organisers would like to thank the members of the local organising committee Dr. J. Ganouna, IN2P3, Villeurbanne, Dr. G. Grosdidier, LAL, Orsay, and especially Dr. F. Etienne, of the Centre de Physique des Particules (CPPM), Marseille as without his very active help and efficient organisation, the 1995 School would not have come into being. The School was honoured by the presence of Prof. H. Curien, President of the CERN Council, and by that of Mr. C. Détraz, Director of the Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Paris, who set the tone for the School by their interesting and informative speeches at the Opening Ceremony. Professor A. Hey of Southampton University, Chairman of the Advisory Committee to the CERN Schools of Computing, is also to be thanked for his overview of the aims of the School. We would also like to thank the following people for their help and their warm welcome: Mr. M. Vauzelle, Mayor of Arles; Mr. J.-P. Camoin, former Mayor of Aries; Mr. H. Schiavetti, First Deputy Mayor; Mr. L. Sayn Urpar, former First Deputy Mayor; Mr. H. Dworak, Deputy Mayor for Sport; Mrs. D. Pralong and Mr. L. Guedj (External Relations, Aries); Mr. Galibert (Director, University Centre Espace Van Gogh, Aries) and his staff; Mr. Martre (and his son Florian) who helped out with the Cyber café which was open to the public; the town of Aries. We are particularly grateful to the Municipality for allowing us to freely use the Espace Van Gogh (formerly the Hotel Dieu) for the 1995 CERN School of Computing, as well as the municipal sports facilities. The lecture programme (46 one hour lectures, supplemented by tutorials) was varied and was greatly appreciated by the students. All lecturers are sincerely thanked for their efforts in preparing and delivering their lectures, for providing written accounts of their presentations, and for their availability for discussion with the students. The lecture programme was complemented by very demanding practical work. Most of the students tackled the practical exercises with great interest and enthusiasm. Drs. R. Barlow, J. Gallop, J.-M. Le Goff, R. Jones, M. Trott and P. Palazzi, together with his colleagues M. Dônszelmann, A. Khodabandeh, P. Pinasseau and B. Rousseau, are all greatly thanked for the very hard work that they put into preparing their practical exercises and tutorials. This year, three evening lectures, which were open to the public, were organised and we would like to thank Mr. R. Cailliau (CERN, Geneva), Dr. A. Tilquin (CPPM, Marseille) and Mr. E. Todd (INED, Paris) for having accepted this charge. Our thanks also go to Mr. G.V. Frigo, CERN, for designing the layout of the poster and the School booklet. Mr. M. Ruggier, CERN, is thanked for setting up the CSC home page on the WorldWideWeb. Mr. C. Isnard, CERN and Mr. J. Bernier, CPPM Marseille were of great help to us in setting up the MBONE connection and our grateful thanks go to them. Messrs. R. Bazzoli, C. Meessen and M. Ricard from CPPM, Marseille, together with Messrs. P. Challeat, G. Drevon, D. Charney and G. Farrache from IN2P3, Villeurbanne, are to be congratulated on their very hard and efficient work in installing workstations and the network. The School is indebted to the following companies for the loan of equipment and software: For the loan of workstations: Digital Equipment (Geneva), ESC, Hewlett Packard (France), Hewlett Packard (Switzerland), MIC, Silicon Graphics, Sun, Tektronix. For the loan of software packages: Ecrin, NAG, RITME In particular we would like to thank Hewlett Packard (Switzerland), in the person of Mr. M. Bénard, for their sponsorship. The Scientific Publishers, Addison-Wesley, and the Eurographics Association very kindly provided books for the School and these were incorporated into the Library, together with books which were lent by the CERN Computer Science Library, the Programming Techniques Group, ECP Division and the Users Consultancy Office, CN Division. The Library was much appreciated by the Students. Accommodation was provided by the Hotel Atrium. The hotel offered exellent service and we wish to thank the Director, Mr. F. Sanchez, for the kindness and efficiency of his personnel. Three excursions were organised. The first was an afternoon excursion to Les Baux, the Cathédrale d'Images and Glanum; the second was an all day visit to the Tour de Valat (station biologique) situated in the Camargue area - our grateful appreciation goes to Mr. J.P. Taris, Director and to his team for their interesting presentations and warm hospitality. The third (an afternoon visit) was to the Pont de Gard and to Nîmes and Mr. P. Scheurer (General Secretary - Structural Equipment) of the Nîmes municipality is to be congratulated on his informative talk about the Nîmes arena. A short visit to the Institut de Recherche de la Provence Antique (IRPA) was also arranged and our thanks go to the curator, Mr. C. Sintés, for having been our very special guide. These breaks in the programme were very much appreciated. We express our gratitude to our secretary, Jacqueline Turner, not only for the efforts made during the last twelve months in preparing the School and the hard work done during the School, but also for her invaluable help in preparing these Proceedings. Finally, we should also thank the students for their active participation and we wish all of them success in their professional life. C.E. Vandoni, Editor VI Advisory Committee G. Barreira, Laboratôrio de Instrumentaçâo e Fisica Esperimental de Particulas (LIP), Lisbon, Portugal W. Caréna, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F. Etienne, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Marseille, France F. Flùckiger, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland J. Ganouna, IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France G. Grosdidier, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Orsay, France L.O.