Guide To Colorado Newwspapers 1859-1963 Compiled by Donald E. Oehlerts Social Sciences Librarian Colorado State University Bibliographical Center for Research Rocky Mountain Region, Inc. Denver 1964 } E592 .c 31 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 64-24897 Copyr;ghf © 1964 by Bibliosrar:hcal Cen er for Research Rod ·y .ounJain· · Regio n, Inc. ALL RIGhTS RESERVED cJ /)/ Preface The compilation of this bibliography was made possible through the gen­ erous support of the Colorado State University Research Foundation, and the Faculty Organized Research Grants program of Colorado State University. I would like to thank the librarians of all the institutions whose newspaper files are recorded in this volume for their assistance. I am particularly indebted to the library staff of the State Historical Society of Colorado; Enid T. Thomp­ son, Laura A. Ekstrom, and John D. Cleaver; and to F. R. Blackburn of the Kansas State Historical Society. I am grateful to Mrs. Helen Miller, Senior Publications Assistant, Colorado State University, for advice and assistance. My special thanks are due to Le Moyne W. Anderson, Director of Libraries, Colorado State University, whose suggestions, assistance, and encouragement have made the publication of this work possible. Fort Collins May 1964 Donald E. Oehlerts v Contents Introduction . vii Kit Carson . 84 Abbreviations and symbols . x Lake . 85 Listings by counties La Plata . 87 Adams . 1 Larimer . 90 Alamosa . 2 Las Animas . 94 Arapahoe . 4 Lincoln . 98 Archuleta . 6 Logan . 99 Baca . 7 Mesa ...................... 101 Bent . 9 Mineral . 104 Boulder . 9 Moffat . 105 Chaffee . 15 Montezuma . 106 Cheyenne . 18 Montrose . 107 Clear Creek . 19 Morgan .................... 108 Conejos . 21 Otero ..................... 110 Costilla . 23 Ouray ..................... 113 Crowley . 24 Park ...................... 114 Custer . 24 Phillips . 116 Delta . 25 Pitkin ...................... 116 Denver . 27 Prowers . 118 Dolores . 51 Pueblo ..................... 120 Douglas . 52 Rio Blanco ................. 126 Eagle . 54 Rio Grande ................ 126 Elbert . 55 Routt ...................... 127 El Paso . 56 Saguache . 128 Fremont . 63 San Juan . 131 Garfield . 66 San Miguel . 13 2 Gilpin . 69 Sedgwick . 13 3 Grand . 72 Summit .................... 134 Gunnison . 7 3 Teller ..................... 135 Hinsdale . 77 Washington ................ 140 Huerfano . 78 Weld ...................... 142 Jackson . 80 Yuma ..................... 147 Jefferson . 80 Index ........................ 151 Kiowa . 83 vii Introduction Newspapers have served as community diaries in America since the early 18th century. The newspaper, particularly the country weekly, has often pro­ vided the only record of community activity available to future historians. For millions of citizens, the files of the local newspapers contain the only descrip­ tion of their lives and accomplishments. The early-day editors followed the stream of settlers during the westward movement across the continent. They came west by stage, by . wagon, and by railroad. Many times an editor appeared on the raw edge of the frontier almost ahead of civilization. The frontier editor reported the raising of the first tent, the plowing of the first field, and the striking of the first rich vein of ore. Many of the early newspapers had lives that were even more brief than those of the communities they served. Few of these early efforts in frontier journalism continued into the 20th century. Now even the town sites are gone, and not a single issue of the newspaper remains to report the activities of the settlers. For these early pioneers and their settlements, the pages of history will be forever blank. The population of the United States increased dramatically during the 19th century. From 1860 to 1900, it more than doubled to nearly 76 million. This growth, along with extensive public education, provided millions of new readers to devour the contents of more newspapers. Colorado's population increased 1600 percent during this same 40-year period. The publication of newspapers in Colorado started on April 23, 1859, in Denver. The establishment of the Rocky Mountain News and the Cherry Creek Pioneer has been reported in numerous books and articles, so it need not be repeated here. During the succeeding century, journalism spread to hundreds of cities, towns, and hamlets in every corner of the State. The number of newspapers published annually in the State increased from less than 20 during the 1860's,1 to a peak in 1913 of nearly fifty dailies and 330 weeklies.2 The number of newspapers has declined steadily since the First World War. Twenty-six dailies and 140 weeklies were published in the State in 1963.3 The role of the foreign-language press has not been as significant in Colorado as it has been in several midwestern States, especially Wisconsin. There have been on the scene at various times, however, publications in seven other lan­ guages, as indicated below. Language Number of titles Language Number of titles German 32 Japanese 8 Spanish 30 Slovenian 6 Italian 19 Serbian 1 Swedish 9 The Guide attempts to list all newspapers that began publication between April 1859 and December 31, 1963. Publications issued in newspaper format, but bearing the imprint of educational institutions, fraternal orders, government agencies, military units, and religious groups have been excluded from this bibliography. Publications issued in magazine format have also been excluded if it was possible to so identify them. Inasmuch as copies of many titles no longer exist, the bibliography probably includes some magazines. The basic source of information has been the annual newspaper directories published by the advertising firms of N. W. Ayer4 and George P. Rowell.5 Addi­ tional titles were discovered during the examination of the annual volumes of a State business directory6 and the Denver directory.7 Previously published works GUIDE TO COLORADO NEWSPAPERS by Gregory,s McMurtrie and Allen,9 and Rexlo were also used. Some entries in these works were not included in this bibliography, however, if they could not be confirmed through other sources. Two unpublished theses on the news­ papers of Gunnison Countyn and the Cripple Creek district12 were especially helpful. The Guide is divided into 63 parts corresponding to the present counties. The communities are arranged in alphabetical order within each county. Each news­ paper title is listed chronologically according to the date of the first issue under that particular name. Entries which give only the years of publication, such as 1881-1889, record those titles for which only incomplete information was available. An attempt has been made to locate accurately all towns no longer listed on current State maps. These locations appear on the map in this volume. The works of Eberhart13 and Wolle14 have been very useful in this task. Denver County now includes parts of several surrounding counties as a result of the reorganization in 1902. Several communities which were once outside of the city and county of Denver are now neighborhoods or districts within the city. These communities include Barnum, Colfax, Elyria, Globeville, Harman, Highlands, Montclair, North Denver, South Denver, University Park, Valverde, Villa Park, and Westwood. All newspapers published in these towns are listed within the chronological arrangement of Denver County. The titles in the bibliography have been numbered from 1 to 2844. All refer­ ences in the Index refer to entry numbers, not to pages. The Index lists all counties, towns, titles, and foreign languages in one alphabetical sequence. The arrangement of the titles is according to the significant word; for example, Gazette, News, or Times. The town names and terms of frequency often used as part of newspaper titles have been ignored in determining the arrangement. The information given with each entry includes the frequency of publication; dates of the first and last issues, if available; foreign language; the record of any files owned by American libraries; and notations concerning mergers and subsequent titles. Changes in the names of towns have been noted only when the publication of a newspaper was affected. For example, the earlier names of Leadville have not been included since no newspaper was published there until after the present name was adopted. On the other hand, the change from Henry to Monte Vista is recorded because a newspaper was being published at the time in Henry. The library holdings included in this volume have been confirmed through correspondence, or by a personal examination of the files. Very few scattered files, or single issues, have been included. Visits were made to the following libraries during the study: Colorado College, Colorado State College, Denver Public, Fort Collins Public, Greeley Public, Kansas State Historical Society, State Historical Society of Colorado, State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Uni­ versity of Kansas, and the University of Colorado. The major collection of Colorado newspapers is located at the State His­ torical Society of Colorado in Denver. The Society has bound or microfilmed files of 595 of the 2844 titles listed in this bibliography. This number includes both complete and partial files. The most important collection outside of Colo­ rado is owned by the Kansas State Historical Society in Topeka. This collection is especially strong for the 19th century newspapers of Chaffee and Gunnison counties. Of the 2844 titles listed in the Guide, complete files have