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Extreme Miniaturization of a New Amniote Vertebrate and Insights Into the Evolution of Genital Size in Chameleons
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Extreme miniaturization of a new amniote vertebrate and insights into the evolution of genital size in chameleons Frank Glaw1*, Jörn Köhler2, Oliver Hawlitschek3, Fanomezana M. Ratsoavina4, Andolalao Rakotoarison4, Mark D. Scherz5 & Miguel Vences6 Evolutionary reduction of adult body size (miniaturization) has profound consequences for organismal biology and is an important subject of evolutionary research. Based on two individuals we describe a new, extremely miniaturized chameleon, which may be the world’s smallest reptile species. The male holotype of Brookesia nana sp. nov. has a snout–vent length of 13.5 mm (total length 21.6 mm) and has large, apparently fully developed hemipenes, making it apparently the smallest mature male amniote ever recorded. The female paratype measures 19.2 mm snout–vent length (total length 28.9 mm) and a micro-CT scan revealed developing eggs in the body cavity, likewise indicating sexual maturity. The new chameleon is only known from a degraded montane rainforest in northern Madagascar and might be threatened by extinction. Molecular phylogenetic analyses place it as sister to B. karchei, the largest species in the clade of miniaturized Brookesia species, for which we resurrect Evoluticauda Angel, 1942 as subgenus name. The genetic divergence of B. nana sp. nov. is rather strong (9.9‒14.9% to all other Evoluticauda species in the 16S rRNA gene). A comparative study of genital length in Malagasy chameleons revealed a tendency for the smallest chameleons to have the relatively largest hemipenes, which might be a consequence of a reversed sexual size dimorphism with males substantially smaller than females in the smallest species. -
Birds of the British Indian Ocean Territory, Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean Peter Carr
CARR: Birds of Chagos 57 Birds of the British Indian Ocean Territory, Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean Peter Carr Carr, P., 2015. Birds of the British Indian Ocean Territory, Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean. Indian BIRDS 10 (3&4): 57–70. Peter Carr, 80 Links Way, Beckenham, Kent, England, UK, BR3 3DQ. E-mail: [email protected]. Manuscript received on 02 June 2015. Introduction from three directions, the east, north and west and seabird The Chagos Archipelago lies at the end of the Chagos-Laccadive migrants from four, the north and south and dispersing east and Ridge and is some 500km due South of the Maldives archipelago. west along the equatorial counter current systems.” Observations It is the final termini for migrating organisms heading South in post-1971 have proven that Bourne’s words were prophetic; the central Indian Ocean. It is made up of five islanded atolls landbird and seabird vagrants and migrants are an exciting aspect centred upon the Great Chagos Bank, the largest atoll structure of birding in the Chagos. The vast majority of migratory species in the world. The climate is tropical oceanic, hot and humid yet are of northern hemisphere origin (though there is evidence moderated by trade winds. Mean monthly temperatures vary that a limited number of vagrants are from the east and west) from a maximum of 30.75°C in March to a minimum of 28.03°C and are generally present in the archipelago from September in August. The northern atolls of the archipelago are the wettest through to March. As more ornithological research is conducted in the Indian Ocean (Stoddart & Taylor 1971). -
Connected Experience: Marine Invertebrate Adaptations
Connected Experience: Marine Invertebrate Adaptations GRADE LEVELS 3rd- 12th Grade with NGSS for 3rd grade SUBJECTS Life Sciences, Patterns DURATION Pre-Visit: 30 minutes, Aquarium/Tide pool: 45 minutes, Post-Visit: 30 SETTING Classroomi and Aquarium or Outdoor Tide Pool Summary This ‘‘connected experience’’ allows students to connect their classroom learning to field trip learning, and back again. Students begin by thinking about a specific ecosystem, and what adaptations an animal might need to survive there. They then observe invertebrates in an outdoor, or aquarium setting to look for evidence of how the organism uses its body parts to survive. Objectives In this lesson, students will: 1. identify patterns within organisms and the environments in which they live 2. construct an argument from evidence on how an animal is specially adapted to live in its ecosystem. 3. build curiosity for the natural world through exploring a new environment. Materials Marine Invertebrate Cards (part of this lesson) invertebrate scavenger hunt worksheets clipboards with pencils (for field trip) cameras (optional --- 1 per student group) local field guide (optional) Teacher Tips: This scavenger hunt may be used in an aquarium or an outdoor tide pool. If you choose to go outside, consider having students wear sunscreen, and rain boots. Additionally, you may want to bring trash bags, and have students collect any litter that they find in order to leave a healthier habitat behind. Teacher Prep 1. Scout out the aquarium or tide pool so you know where students can find invertebrates. If going outside, use a tide log to find out what time low tide is on the day of your field trip, and plan to scout at a similar tidal level. -
LZ Streets County Boundary Printed 4/23/2018 ®
H R A I L R FR526 D A R G R HORSE SAD I DLE M SO E A A AP 9 STO RIN M N NE G 8 R TAIL RAN P I CH R E O O HORN L BUFFALO C C E O C TW K W A V O T O F N E B H R R C R W E RAWA S DIAMOND PEAK LZ AR E 2 A L E S A D 0 A V S 2 M O K L E A WALNO C R O B F B E O C M R N # K R * N E L I D W R A A E C G L K O D N T A A O D BIG HOLE A E S C N R R E A R R P H N E I E F D R B 8 E R Y R 9 V O P R L F SOAPSTONE PRAIRIE NA NORTH LOT LZ P O F S T R E C C A Y D U U H IX D Y W T M K A C D B L K W E S N F # N * M N T F E A S U L O Y Y IT A O L T M S B N O E Y Y V E M C O B R S D N R K O W A R I I A E N E O A R L R N E H I C IG L C L R W R AN I G 4 W E T D S E C S P F A B 3 R R N 7 A I E U T 8 NG I P F P N S G E R A Q O R F S L R L T H C T I S Y P R V 6 I E F C 4 0 I S N 5 A 2 O N E C D A D S R R C L G R 3 F N R G D 1 W T E N 2 U R N S 0 AIL L E I E O C R RED MOUNTAIN OPEN SPACE LZ K 3 RE K K O A O EK R L E M C Z R M N TIM P L N E BER # S E *N O C G T W H I O K R L N N Y E E N L O K H E C I C N C R L A Y C O I I C L H A O V T L P CR80C & FR87C LZ T E VIRGINIA DALE LZ I N A R G C N R RA ED O N J E E A A L P A R I S SH W E L 2 B R C F Y E R A T *# *# P F 8 1 S H C R C A D 8 O E 1 T A 7 E T A HOHNHOLZ LAKES LZ K R AT R E SOAPSTONE PRAIRIE NA SOUTH LOT LZ R V R N I C O R M M P E T R F F E I T 200 B U E W FR L E P # B S L E # * Y * R E K IN E T S C T I H L O 5 C N G K 4 E LS CREEK R I C DEVI D O F A 5 C N S D N E E W R EATON RESERVOIR LZ A I T F I N P U R E BE R A P E R K Q A D 5 R L 9 P *# N O V N K E I A T S T D L I M U D I CR80C MM 22 LZ L D M H E R E Y *# E C B V U R S L CR80C & CR89 LZ T L T DE D E M R S # W PA N E * A R T U L K HOMESTEAD LZ JOY A R N C 0 O J K CANYON O 4 E W A P HA F W 5 R R # L IV ROUND BUTTE LZ * X E R I ATE D F D M R CR92 W IV # B E * CH E E N L F A AN D R R H E R C 5 T J 2 O 3 R P R 1 . -
MADAGASCAR: the Wonders of the “8Th Continent” a Tropical Birding Custom Trip
MADAGASCAR: The Wonders of the “8th Continent” A Tropical Birding Custom Trip October 20—November 6, 2016 Guide: Ken Behrens All photos taken during this trip by Ken Behrens Annotated bird list by Jerry Connolly TOUR SUMMARY Madagascar has long been a core destination for Tropical Birding, and with the opening of a satellite office in the country several years ago, we further solidified our expertise in the “Eighth Continent.” This custom trip followed an itinerary similar to that of our main set-departure tour. Although this trip had a definite bird bias, it was really a general natural history tour. We took our time in observing and photographing whatever we could find, from lemurs to chameleons to bizarre invertebrates. Madagascar is rich in wonderful birds, and we enjoyed these to the fullest. But its mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and insects are just as wondrous and accessible, and a trip that ignored them would be sorely missing out. We also took time to enjoy the cultural riches of Madagascar, the small villages full of smiling children, the zebu carts which seem straight out of the Middle Ages, and the ingeniously engineered rice paddies. If you want to come to Madagascar and see it all… come with Tropical Birding! Madagascar is well known to pose some logistical challenges, especially in the form of the national airline Air Madagascar, but we enjoyed perfectly smooth sailing on this tour. We stayed in the most comfortable hotels available at each stop on the itinerary, including some that have just recently opened, and savored some remarkably good food, which many people rank as the best Madagascar Custom Tour October 20-November 6, 2016 they have ever had on any birding tour. -
Biolphilately Vol-64 No-3
BIOPHILATELY OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BIOLOGY UNIT OF ATA MARCH 2020 VOLUME 69, NUMBER 1 Great fleas have little fleas upon their backs to bite 'em, And little fleas have lesser fleas, and so ad infinitum. —Augustus De Morgan Dr. Indraneil Das Pangolins on Stamps More Inside >> IN THIS ISSUE NEW ISSUES: ARTICLES & ILLUSTRATIONS: From the Editor’s Desk ......................... 1 Botany – Christopher E. Dahle ............ 17 Pangolins on Stamps of the President’s Message .............................. 2 Fungi – Paul A. Mistretta .................... 28 World – Dr. Indraneil Das ..................7 Secretary -Treasurer’s Corner ................ 3 Mammalia – Michael Prince ................ 31 Squeaky Curtain – Frank Jacobs .......... 15 New Members ....................................... 3 Ornithology – Glenn G. Mertz ............. 35 New Plants in the Philatelic News of Note ......................................... 3 Ichthyology – J. Dale Shively .............. 57 Herbarium – Christopher Dahle ....... 23 Women’s Suffrage – Dawn Hamman .... 4 Entomology – Donald Wright, Jr. ........ 59 Rats! ..................................................... 34 Event Calendar ...................................... 6 Paleontology – Michael Kogan ........... 65 New Birds in the Philatelic Wedding Set ........................................ 16 Aviary – Charles E. Braun ............... 51 Glossary ............................................... 72 Biology Reference Websites ................ 69 ii Biophilately March 2020 Vol. 69 (1) BIOPHILATELY BIOLOGY UNIT -
Blumgart Et Al 2017- Herpetological Survey Nosy Komba
Journal of Natural History ISSN: 0022-2933 (Print) 1464-5262 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnah20 Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar Dan Blumgart, Julia Dolhem & Christopher J. Raxworthy To cite this article: Dan Blumgart, Julia Dolhem & Christopher J. Raxworthy (2017): Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar, Journal of Natural History, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1287312 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1287312 Published online: 28 Feb 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 23 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tnah20 Download by: [BBSRC] Date: 21 March 2017, At: 02:56 JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY, 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1287312 Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar Dan Blumgart a, Julia Dolhema and Christopher J. Raxworthyb aMadagascar Research and Conservation Institute, BP 270, Hellville, Nosy Be, Madagascar; bDivision of Vertebrate Zoology, American, Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY A six month herpetological survey was undertaken between March Received 16 August 2016 and September 2015 on Nosy Komba, an island off of the north- Accepted 17 January 2017 west coast of mainland Madagascar which has undergone con- KEYWORDS fi siderable anthropogenic modi cation. A total of 14 species were Herpetofauna; conservation; found that have not been previously recorded on Nosy Komba, Madagascar; Nosy Komba; bringing the total island diversity to 52 (41 reptiles and 11 frogs). -
Thesis Spatial and Temporal Variability in Channel
THESIS SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN CHANNEL SURFACE FLOW ACROSS AN ELEVATION GRADIENT ON THE COLORADO FRONT RANGE Submitted by Caroline Martin Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Spring 2018 Masters Coittee: Advisor: Stephanie Kampf Sara Rathburn Michael Falkowski Copyright by Caroline Elizabeth Martin 2018 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN CHANNEL SURFACE FLOW ACROSS AN ELEVATION GRADIENT ON COLORADO FRONT RANGE Topographic indices such as Upslope Accumulation Area (UAA) and the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) are commonly used in watershed analyses to derive channel networks. These indices work well for large rivers and streams, but they do not always produce stream locations that match those observed in the field for headwater streams, where geology and soils affect locations of surface channels. This study maps the actively flowing drainage network of four headwater watersheds across an elevation gradient in the Colorado Front Range and examines how these locations of flow relate to topography, geology, climate, and soils. The objectives are to 1) document and digitize the active stream networks in the field, 2) delineate stream network with topographic indices and evaluate how index-derived channel networks compare with observations, and 3) evaluate how geology, climate, and soils affect surface water flow paths. Study sites are small headwater watersheds (1.7 – 15.5 km2) that vary in elevation from 1780 m up to 4190 m. At each watershed, surveys of surface water locations were conducted twice during the summer about a month apart in order to capture temporal variation. -
An Introduction to Lemurs for Teachers and Educators
AN INTRODUCTION TO LEMURS FOR TEACHERS AND EDUCATORS WELCOME TO THE WORLD OF AKO THE AYE-AYE The Ako the Aye-Aye Educator’s Guide introduces you to the remarkable world of lemurs. This guide provides background information about the biological concepts conveyed through the 21 Ako lessons. These lessons were created to accompany the Ako books. The Ako book series were developed by renowned primatologist Alison Jolly for students in Madagascar to inspire understanding and appreciation for the unique primates that share their island home. In addition to the books there is also a set of posters which showcase the habitat of each lemur species and their forest “neighbors.” GOALS OF THE AKO LESSONS: • Inspire students to make a positive difference for lemurs and other wildlife. • Promote environmental awareness, understanding and appreciation. • Provide activities that connect students to nature and motivate conservation action. HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE Each lesson aligns with a specific grade level (Kindergarten-1st, 2nd-3rd and 4th-5th) and one of the seven environmental themes below. Before carrying out an activity, we recommend reading the corresponding section in this guide that matches the theme of the lesson. The themes are: • LOOKING AT LEMURS—CLASSIFICATION AND BIODIVERSITY (PAGE 4) • EXPLORING LEMUR HABITATS (PAGE 10) • INVESTIGATING LEMUR ADAPTATIONS (PAGE 18) • DISCOVERING LEMUR COMMUNITIES—INTER-DEPENDENCE (PAGE 23) • LEARNING ABOUT LEMUR LIFE—LIFE CYCLES AND BEHAVIOR (PAGE 26) • DISCOVERING MADAGASCAR’S PEOPLE AND PLACES (PAGE 33) • MAKING A DIFFERENCE FOR LEMURS (PAGE 40) Lessons can be completed chronologically or independently. Each activity incorporates multiple learning styles and subject areas. -
Patrones De Polimorfismo Molecular Y Morfológico De Megalobulimus (Mollusca, Gastropoda) En El Sur De Los Andes Del Perú”
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS UNIDAD DE POSGRADO “Patrones de polimorfismo molecular y morfológico de Megalobulimus (mollusca, gastropoda) en el sur de los Andes del Perú” TESIS Para optar el Grado Académico de Magister en Biología Molecular AUTOR Victor Octavio Borda Pua Lima – Perú 2014 Ricardo Siri Liniers II A María Claudia y Alexandra, Verdaderos motivos para continuar III AGRADECIMIENTOS A mis padres, hermanas y a las tres pequeñas por ser siempre el mayor de los apoyos en la realización de cada proyecto que me envuelve, por toda la paciencia y los consejos día a día. Con ellos cada momento es irremplazable. A Esther de la Fuente, quien siempre, siempre está ahí, apoyándome de todas las maneras posibles. A la Dra. Rina Ramírez, quien con sus sabias palabras y apoyo incondicional supo guiarme desde mis inicios en las ciencias biológicas y así por delante. A Dominique Maldonado, André Ampuero, Pedro Romero y Jorge Ramirez, amigos del departamento de Malacología y Carcinología del Museo de Historia Natural de la UNMSM y del Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular y Filogeografía, quienes siempre estuvieron prestos a escuchar, discutir acerca de moluscos, evolución y compartir la pizza de los martes. A Nora Ruiz, por todo el apoyo brindado hasta en los menores detalles. A Natali Hurtado por las observaciones. A Víctor Jiménez y Sally Molero del Laboratorio de Sistemática molecular y Filogeografía, quienes me apoyaron grandemente en el trabajo de laboratorio. A Caroll Landauro por su invalorable ayuda en las colectas en Huancavelica, así como también a Alfredo Guzman. A la doctora Suzete Gomes por su invalorable apoyo en la estructuración del proyecto y además por el apoyo económico. -
SPC Beche-De-Mer Information Bulletin Contains Eight Articles Commercial Species in Tonga and Communications from Several Countries
Secretariat of the Pacific Community ISSN 1025-4943 Issue 33 – May 2013 BECHE-DE-MER information bulletin Inside this issue Editorial Change in weight of sea cucumbers during processing: Ten common This issue of SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin contains eight articles commercial species in tonga and communications from several countries. It also includes abstracts about sea P. Ngaluafe and J. Lee p. 3 cucumbers that were presented at the 14th International Echinoderm Conference First insight into Colombian Caribbean that was held in Brussels in August. sea cucumbers and sea cucumber fishery The first article (p. 3) comes from Tonga. Poasi Ngaluafe and Jessica Lee analyse A. Rodriguez Forero et al. p. 9 the change in weight of ten common commercial sea cucumbers. They discuss the possible reasons for the discrepancy they observe between their results and Strategies for improving survivorship of hatchery-reared juvenile Holothuria previous ones, and the implications for fisheries management in Tonga. scabra in community-managed sea cucumber farms We are also very pleased to present some insights about sea cucumbers and sea A. Rougier et al. p. 14 cucumber fisheries in the Colombian Caribbean. The article is from the team of Holothurian abundance, richness and Adriana Rodríguez Forero (p. 9). They report on species that could be new for the population densities, comparing sites Caribbean and conclude with stressing the importance of initiating a management with different degrees of exploitation in plan for the Colombian fishery resource. the shallow lagoons of Mauritius K. Lampe p. 23 Some news also from Madagascar, where Antoine Rougier et al. -
Imposex and Butyltin Concentrations in Snails from the Lagoon of Bizerta
Marine Biology Research Archimer November 2010, Volume 6, Issue 6, pages 600 - 607 http://archimer.ifremer.fr http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000903437075 © 2010 Taylor & Francis The original publication is available at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/ ailable on the publisher Web site Imposex and butyltin concentrations in snails from the lagoon of Bizerta (Northern Tunisia)* Youssef Lahbiba, *; Sami Abidlia; Jean-Francois Chiffoleaub; Bernard Avertyb; Najoua Trigui El Menifa a Department of Biology, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring (LBE), November 7 University, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Tunisia b DCN/BE Department, Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, IFREMER, Nantes, France blisher-authenticated version is av * Published in collaboration with the University of Bergen and the Institute of Marine Research, Norway, and the Marine Biological Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Denmark *: Corresponding author : Youssef Lahbib, Tel: +216 97 27 11 39, Fax: +216 71 88 84 67, email address : [email protected] Abstract: Imposex and butyltin concentrations were assessed in Hexaplex trunculus, Conus mediterraneus, Cyclope neritea and Nassarius mutabilis from Menzel Jemil, and H. trunculus and Stramonita haemastoma from the Bizerta channel. All females of the five species exhibited the characteristic development of male sex organs (penis and/or vas deferens). In Menzel Jemil, H. trunculus and C. mediterraneus exhibit similar imposex levels and were most affected (VDS reading 3-4). The development of a bud penis or a vas deferens sequence behind the right ocular tentacle was reported in Cyclope neritea and N. mutabilis (VDS 1). The concentration of tributyltin (TBT) was similar for the four species. The monobutyltin (MBT) was only detected in C.