DOCSLIB.ORG

Paleomagnetism of Upper Cretaceous Red-Beds from the Eastern

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Paleomagnetism of Upper Cretaceous Red-Beds from the Eastern Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 114 (2015) 732–749 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asian Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jseaes Paleomagnetism of Upper Cretaceous red-beds from the eastern Qiangtang Block: Clockwise rotations and latitudinal translation during the India–Asia collision ⇑ Ya-Bo Tong a,b, Zhenyu Yang c, , Liang Gao a, Heng Wang a, Xu-Dong Zhang d, Chun-Zhi An a, Yin-Chao Xu a, Zhi-Rui Han a a Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China b Key laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction, The Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China c College of Resources, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China d East China Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Nanjing 210007, China article info abstract Article history: High-temperature magnetization component was isolated between 600 °C and 680 °C from Upper Received 13 June 2014 Cretaceous red-beds in the Mangkang area, in the eastern end of the Qiangtang Block, Tibetan Plateau. Received in revised form 6 August 2015 The tilt-corrected site-mean direction is Ds/Is = 51.3°/56.1°, with k = 31.0 and a95 = 6.5°, corresponding Accepted 14 August 2015 to a paleolatitude of 36.7 ± 6.7°N. Positive fold and reversal tests indicate a primary magnetization. Available online 17 August 2015 Inclination shallowing tests show that inclination bias is not present in the Upper Cretaceous red-beds of the Qiangtang Block that might induce through depositional and/or compaction process. However, pre- Keywords: vious paleomagnetic data obtained from Cretaceous and Paleocene–Eocene volcanic rocks show that the Qiangtang Block paleolatitudes of the Lhasa Block were 17.1 ± 3.3°N and 22.3 ± 4.4°N, respectively, and 28.7 ± 3.7°N for Lhasa Block Paleomagnetism the central Qiangtang Block yielded from Eocene volcanic rocks. These results show that there was a Cretaceous 10° latitudinal discrepancy between the Lhasa Block and Qiangtang relative to Eurasia. However, the Inclination shallowing Mangkang area of the southeastern Qiangtang Block experienced 3.2 ± 7.8° to 7.3 ± 5.2° southward extrusion and 40° clockwise rotational movement relative to Eurasia since the Cretaceous, which coin- cided with the Early Cenozoic rotational extrusion of the Indochina and Shan-Thai Blocks. The crustal deformation in the eastern Qiangtang Block should have been caused by the Indian Plate penetrating into Eurasia in the eastern end of Tibetan Plateau and the formation of the Eastern Himalaya Syntaxis since the Oligocene/Miocene. Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Jinshajiang Suture Zone during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic (Yin and Harrison, 2000; Haines et al., 2003; Schneider et al., The current Tibetan Plateau is an amalgamation of several crus- 2003; Pullen et al., 2008; Zhu et al., 2013). From the Middle to Late tal blocks, comprising from north to south, the Songpan-Ganzi Triassic the Lhasa Block began to separate from northern Australia Block, the Qiangtang Block, the Lhasa Block and the Tethyan Hima- (Metcalfe, 2009, 2011; Zhu et al., 2011), and subsequently drifted laya (Fig. 1A). The Qiangtang Block is situated between the Lhasa northward and accreted onto the Qiangtang Block along the Block and the Songpan-Ganzi Block. The Bangong-Nujiang Suture Bangong-Nujiang Suture Zone during the Late Jurassic and Early Zone and the Jinshajiang Suture Zone comprise the southern and Cretaceous (Yin and Harrison, 2000; Tapponnier et al., 2001; northern boundaries of the Qiangtang Block, respectively Kapp et al., 2003, 2007; Guynn et al., 2006; Qiangba et al., 2009; (Fig. 1A). The Qiangtang Block is generally thought to have sepa- Zhu et al., 2013). Finally, the Songpan-Ganzi Block, Qiangtang Block rated from Gondwana in the Late Paleozoic (Allégre et al., 1984; and Lhasa Block constituted the southern margin of Eurasia prior to Sengör, 1987; Yin and Harrison, 2000; Xu et al., 2014), and the Cenozoic India–Eurasia collision. then to have accreted onto the Songpan-Ganzi Block along the During the past three decades many geological and paleomag- netic studies of the Lhasa Block have argued that the Indian Plate collided with the southern edge of Eurasia along the Indus- ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (Z. Yang). Yalung-Zangbo Suture Zone during the Early Eocene, and that http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.08.016 1367-9120/Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Y.-B. Tong et al. / Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 114 (2015) 732–749 733 Fig. 1. (A) Schematic tectonic-geographical map of South Asia. (B) Tectonic map of the paleomagnetic sampling section in the Mangkang area. (C) Strike and dip of the strata for each sampling sites. (D) Geological profile of the paleomagnetic sampling section of the Mangkang area. JSSZ, Jinshajiang Suture Zone. LSSZ, Longmu Tso-Shuanghu Suture Zone. BG-NJSZ, Bangong-Nujiang Suture Zone. IYZSZ, Indus-Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone. subsequently the Indian Plate penetrated into Eurasia and induced proposition for the existence of inclination shallowing in all of a tremendous amount of north to south convergence and intense the Cretaceous red-beds in the Tibetan Plateau (Tan et al., 2010). crustal deformation within the southern part of Eurasia (Peltzer Although the possible inclination shallowing of red-beds would and Tapponnier, 1988; Tapponnier et al., 1982, 2001; Replumaz result in an inaccurate estimation of paleo-latitudes from Creta- and Tapponnier, 2003; Molnar and Stock, 2009; Copley et al., ceous red-beds, several paleomagnetic data obtained from Creta- 2010; Canda and Stegman, 2011; Van Hinsbergen et al., 2011; ceous to Paleocene–Eocene volcanic rocks in the Lhasa Block can Sun et al., 2010, 2012; Ma et al., 2014; Yang et al., 2014). Most of still provide reliable constraints on the paleo-positions and crustal the paleomagnetic data obtained from Cretaceous red-beds in the convergence of southern Eurasia. For the Qiangtang Block, almost Lhasa Block indicate that the south to north crustal convergence all the paleomagnetic data were obtained from the Cretaceous which occurred in the southern Eurasia was greater than red-beds in the eastern and western parts (Huang et al., 1992; 1500 km since the initial collision of India and Eurasia (Achache Otofuji et al., 1990; Chen et al., 1993), and none of these data were et al., 1984; Lin and Watts, 1988; Sun et al., 2010). However, con- evaluated for possible inclination shallowing. Recently Lippert trasting viewpoints also exist. For example, Tan et al. (2010) et al. (2011) obtained paleomagnetic data from the Eocene volcanic obtained paleomagnetic data from Upper Cretaceous and Eocene rocks in the central part of the Qiangtang Block, and suspected the volcanic rocks and suggested that only a few hundred kilometers occurrence of inclination shallowing in the Cretaceous red-beds in of crustal convergence occurred in southern Eurasia. Moreover, the Qiangtang Block. It is therefore very difficult to constrain the they proposed that Cretaceous red-beds in the Lhasa Block were crustal deformation characteristics, and north to south intraconti- affected by inclination shallowing due to deposition/compaction nental convergence, in southern Eurasia based solely on the cur- processes. In addition, Ma et al. (2014) and Yang et al. (2014) rent paleomagnetic data from the Qiangtang Block. obtained very consistent paleomagnetic data from Lower Creta- Here, we report the results of a new paleomagnetic study and ceous volcanic rocks and Upper Cretaceous red-beds in the Lhasa inclination shallowing tests of the Upper Cretaceous red-beds in Block, respectively, indicating that 1000 km south to north crus- the eastern part of the Qiangtang Block, on the northern side of tal convergence has taken place in southern Eurasia since the late the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. A combination of reliable Creta- Cretaceous. It seems that the paleomagnetic results of Ma et al. ceous and Paleocene–Eocene paleomagnetic data from the Qiang- (2014) and Yang et al. (2014) are incompatible with the tang and the Lhasa Blocks was used to estimate latitudinal 734 Y.-B. Tong et al. / Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 114 (2015) 732–749 crustal convergence and crustal material movement characteristic 3. Rock magnetism of the central and eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau. Rock magnetic characteristics can be used to identify the mag- netic carriers. The progressive acquisition of isothermal remanent 2. Regional geology and sampling magnetization (IRM) was used to determine the coercivity of mag- netic minerals, and the thermal demagnetization of three- The Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and surrounding area have component IRM was used to reveal the unblocking temperatures been located in a structural position between two tectonic of different magnetic minerals (applied successively to each of domains since the Miocene: N–S crustal shortening combined the three axes with different DC field of 2.5 T for the Z axis, 0.4 T with E–W extension (Armijo et al., 1986; Jessup et al., 2008), for the Y axis, and 0.12 T for the X axis) (Lowrie, 1990). Based on and southeastward and eastward movement of the crustal mate- the lithologic characteristics of the samples, four representative rial of Tibet (Tapponnier et al., 1982; Royden et al., 1997; Wang specimens (MK3-5, MK8-7, MK12-8, MK16-2) were selected for and Burchfiel, 2000; Zhang et al., 2004). Significant arcuate rock magnetic experiments strike-slip fault belts and compact linear fold systems are widely The rock magnetic properties of the four representative speci- developed around the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis (Fig. 1A). The mens were similar (Fig. 2). The IRM acquisition curves of MK3-5 east–west-trending Qiangtang Block exhibits a 90° turn around and MK16-2 increased slowly between DC fields from 0 to the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and becomes a southeastern- 150 mT, however, the magnetic remanence of MK8-7 and MK12- trending belt, and then is gradually superseded by the Shan- 8 increased more rapidly from 0 to 150 mT.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mongolian Geoscientist 50 (2020) 2-10
    Yun, Mongolian Geoscientist 50 (2020) 2-10 https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v50i0.1325 Mongolian Geoscientist Original article A Carcharodontosaurid tooth from the Hasandong Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of South Korea Chan-gyu Yun1,2* 1Vertebrate Paleontological Institute of Incheon, Incheon 21974, Republic of Korea 2Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea *Corresponding author: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: A large tooth of theropod dinosaur that was recovered from the Hasandong Received 04 April, 2020 Formation (Lower Cretaceous; Aptian-Albian) in Daedo island, Hadong Couty, South Gyeongsang Province of South Korea is redescribed. Although the tooth was Accepted 12 May, 2020 misidentified as a "Prodeinodon"-like megalosaurid theropod at the first time, detailed comparisons with known theropod dentition anatomy strongly indicate that this tooth belongs to an Acrocanthosaurus-like basal carcharodontosaurid theropod. This referral is supported by its combination of large size, ovoid-shaped cervix outline, mesial carina that does not reach the cervix, labially displaced distal carina and large number of denticles. This tooth is different from other carcharodontosaurid teeth from the same formation in several anatomical aspects (e.g., smaller overall size, presence of transverse lines adjacent to the distal carina, presence of interdenticular sulci in distal carina, denticle densities, crown basal ratio), indicating that carcharodontosaurid diversity in the Early Cretaceous of Korea could have been higher, although these differences may represent positional or individual variations. The presence of Acrocanthosaurus-like theropod teeth (e.g., "Prodeinodon", "Wakinosaurus") from early Cretaceous deposits (Valanginian-Cenomanian) of South Korea, Japan, Mongolia and China indicates that North American Acrocanthosaurus atokensis possibly represents a form that immigrated from the Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • A. K. Rozhdestvensky HISTORY of the DINOSAUR FAUNA of ASIA
    A. K. Rozhdestvensky HISTORY OF THE DINOSAUR FAUNA OF ASIA AND OTHER CONTINENTS AND QUESTIONS CONCERNING PALEOGEOGRAPHY* The distribution and evolution of dinosaur faunas during the period of their existence, from the Late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous, shows a close connection with the paleogeography of the Mesozoic. However these questions were hard to examine on a global scale until recently, because only the dinosaurs of North America were well known, where during the last century were found their richest deposits and where the best paleontologists were studying them — J. Leidy, E. Cope, O. Marsh, R. Lull, H. Osborn, C. Gilmore, B. Brown, and later many others. On the remaining continents, including Europe, where the study of dinosaurs started earlier than it did in America, the information was rather incomplete due to the fragmentary condition of the finds and rare, episodic studies. The Asian continent remained unexplored the longest, preventing any intercontinental comparisons. Systematic exploration and large excavations of dinosaur locations in Asia, which began in the last fifty years (Osborn, 1930; Efremov, 1954; Rozhdestvenskiy, 1957a, 1961, 1969, 1971; Rozhdestvenskiy & Chzhou, 1960; Kielan-Jaworowska & Dovchin, 1968; Kurochkin, Kalandadze, & Reshetov, 1970; Barsbold, Voronin, & Zhegallo, 1971) showed that this continent has abundant dinosaur remains, particularly in its central part (Fig. 1). Their study makes it possible to establish a faunal connection between Asia and other continents, correlate the stratigraphy of continental deposits of the Mesozoic, because dinosaurs are reliable leading forms, as well as to make corrections in the existing paleogeographic structure. The latter, in their turn, promote a better understanding of the possible paths of distribution of the individual groups of dinosaurs, the reasons for their appearance, their development, and disappearance.
    [Show full text]
  • AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by of NATURAL HISTORY Dec
    AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by OF NATURAL HISTORY Dec. 4, 1933 Number 679 THE AMERICAN NewMUSEUMYork City 56.81, 9 (117:51.7) TWO NEW DINOSAURIAN REPTILES FROM MONGOLIA WITH NOTES ON SOME FRAGMENTARY SPECIMENS' BY CHARLES W. GILMORE2 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION......................................................... 1 DESCRIPTION OF GENERA AND SPECIES................................... 3 Order Orthopoda.................................................... 3 Family Nodosauridae............................................. 3 Pinacosaurus grangeri, new genus, new species. 3 Order Saurischia.................................................... 9 . Mongolosaurus haplodon, new genus, new species .. .. 11 NOTES ON OTHER DINOSAURIAN OCCURRENCES IN MONGOLIA................ 16 Family Deinodontidae.............................................. 16 Family Ornithomimidae............................................. 17 Family Hadrosauridae.............................................. 18 Family Ceratopsidae............................................... 19 BIBLIOGRAPHY............. 20 INTRODUCTION The present paper gives the results of a study of the residue of the dinosaur collections made in Mongolia by various Asiatic expeditions of The American Museum of Natural History. All of the material is frag- mentary, but diagnostic parts of two of the specimens are sufficiently preserved to be worthy of detailed description. One records the presence of a new genus and species of the Nodosauridae, the other a new genus and species of the Sauropoda. The
    [Show full text]
  • La Cantalera: an Exceptional Window Onto the Vertebrate Biodiversity of the Hauterivian-Barremian Transition in the Iberian Peninsula
    ISSN (print): 1698-6180. ISSN (online): 1886-7995 www.ucm.es/info/estratig/journal.htm Journal of Iberian Geology 36 (2) 2010: 205-224 doi:10.5209/rev_JIGE.2010.v36.n2.8 La Cantalera: an exceptional window onto the vertebrate biodiversity of the Hauterivian-Barremian transition in the Iberian Peninsula La Cantalera: una excepcional ventana a la biodiversidad del tránsito Hauteriviense- Barremiense en la Península Ibérica J.I. Canudo1, J.M. Gasca1, M. Aurell2, A. Badiola1, H.-A. Blain3, P. Cruzado-Caballero1, D. Gómez- Fernández1, M. Moreno-Azanza1, J. Parrilla1, R. Rabal-Garcés1, J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca1,4 1Grupo Aragosaurus (http://www.aragosaurus.com). Universidad de Zaragoza. 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Estratigrafía. Universidad de Zaragoza. 50009 Zaragoza. Spain. [email protected] 3Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana y Evolució Social (Unitat asociada al CSIC). Universitat Rovira i Virgili. 43005 Tarragona. Spain. [email protected] 4Museo del Jurásico de Asturias (MUJA). 33328 Colunga. Asturias. Spain. [email protected] Received: 15/11/09 / Accepted: 30/06/10 Abstract La Cantalera is an accumulation site for fossil vertebrates consisting mainly of teeth and isolated postcranial remains. It has the greatest vertebrate biodiversity of any site from the Hauterivian-Barremian transition in the Iberian Peninsula. Up to now, 31 vertebrate taxa have been recognized: an osteichthyan (Teleostei indet.), two amphibians (Albanerpetonidae indet. and Discoglos- sidae indet.), a chelonian (Pleurosternidae? indet.), a lizard (Paramacellodidae? indet.), four crocodylomorphs (cf. Theriosuchus sp., Bernissartiidae indet., Goniopholididae indet., cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Additions to the Early Cretaceous Dinosaur Fauna of Transbaikalia, Eastern Russia
    Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS Vol. 313, No. 4, 2009, рр. 363–378 УДК: 57.072:551.763 ADDITIONS TO THE EARLY CRETACEOUS DINOSAUR FAUNA OF TRANSBAIKALIA, EASTERN RUSSIA A.O. Averianov1* and P.P. Skutschas2 1Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Emb. 1, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 2Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Eight dinosaur taxa are currently known from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian) Murtoi Formation in the Lake Gusinoe Depression of western Transbaikalia: the theropod Richardoestesia sp.* and indeterminate therizinosauroid, ornithomimosaur and dromaeosaurid material; a titanosauriforme sauropod (cf. Euhelopus), and cf. Mongolosaurus sp.; and an indeterminate ornithopod* and the ceratopsian Psittacosaurus sp. (taxa marked with an asterisk were not reported previously). In the more easterly Chikoi-Khilok Depression the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) Khilok Formation has produced fragmentary remains of four dinosaur taxa: the theropod ‘Prodeinodon’ sp. and an indeterminate dromaeosaurid, an indeterminate titanosauriform (cf. Nemegtosaurus) and an indeterminate ornithopod. The most notable differences between the two faunas are the absence of large carnivorous theropods in the Murtoi Formation and the different composition of the sauropod and, perhaps, the ornithopod faunas in each basin. Key words: Dinosauria, Early Cretaceous, Transbaikalia, Russia ДОПОЛНЕНИЯ К
    [Show full text]
  • Dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of South China
    Dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of South China Zhiming Dong (Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica) From Mesozoic and Cenozoic Red Beds of South China Selected Papers from the "Cretaceous-Tertiary Workshop," Nanxiong, Guangdong Province Edited by Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Paleoanthropology & Nanjing Institute of Paleontology Science Press, 1979 pp. 342-350 Translated By Will Downs Department of Geology Northern Arizona University August, 2002 Introduction In 1961, the Guangdong Provincial Office of Geology conducted field work in the Nanxiong Basin where they collected a partial pes that was diagnosed by Young et al. (1962) to belong to the ?Coelurosauria. This represented the first documentation of dinosaurs in the “Red Beds” of South China and indicated that they represented the Mesozoic, attracting much attention from geologists and paleontologists. Following the initial survey of the Red Beds, continuous regional reports of fragmentary dinosaurs were published, although systematic excavations were not conducted, and consequently the distribution and precise age were left unknown. Under the great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) formed the South China Red Beds Survey with associates from related departments, conducting consecutive research in the provinces of Guangdong, Anwei, Henan, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hubei, and Jiangxi. In addition to an abundant collection of Early Tertiary mammals, several dinosaur specimens were collected. In 1974, IVPP geologists continued research in the Nanxiong Basin, where they collected a set of relatively good specimens. This text is based upon these specimens and is an introduction to the dinosaurs from the South China Red Beds. The Nanxiong Basin is one of the numerous basins that produces dinosaurs from the South China Red Beds.
    [Show full text]
  • Jurassic- Cretaceous Transition) of Galve (Aragon, NE Spain)
    N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh. 239 (1) 77- 99 Stutigart, Januar 2006 A megatheropod tooth from the late Tithonian - middle Berriasian (Jurassic- Cretaceous transition) of Galve (Aragon, NE Spain) Josà Ignacio Canudo, Josà Ignacio Ruiz-OmeñacaMarc Aurell, Josà Luis Barco and Gloria Cuenca-Bescos, Zaragoza With 4 figures and 1 table CANUDO,J. I., RUIZ-OMERACA,J., AURELL,M., BARCO, J. L. & CUENCA-BESCOS,G. (2006): A megatheropod tooth from the late Tithonian - middle Berriasian (Jurassic-Cretaceous transition) of Galve (Aragon, NE Spain). -N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh., 239: 77-99; Stuttgart. Abstract: We herein describe the biggest theropod tooth hitherio found in Spain. The tooth (IPS-G1) comes from the Villar del Arzobispo Formation (Upper Tithonian- Middle Berriasian) in the Galve Sub-basin. The specimen is a nearly complete maxillary tooth with a FABL of 34 mrn and DSDI = 1. Considering its geological age and the crown morphology (including the size), it is most likely that the tooth belongs to an allosauroid. This clade of theropods was present in the Late Jurassic of Portugal and the Early Cretaceous (Bemasian and Barremian) of England. The tooth represents the first allosaurid from Spain, and the biggest theropod from the European Bemasian. Zusammenfassung: Wi beschreiben hier den grofiten bisher in Spanien gefimdenen Theropodenzahn. Dieser Zahn (IPS-G1) stanunt aus der Villar-del-Arzobispo- Formation (spates Tithonium - mittleres Berriasium) im Teilbecken von Galve. Das Exemplar ist ein beinahe vollstandiger Oberkieferzahn mit einer Basislange (FABL) von 34 mm und DSDI = 1. In Anbetracht seines geologischen Alters und der Morphologie der Zahnkrone (auch deren GroOe) stammt der Zahn mit grofier Wahr- scheinlichkeit von einem Allosauroiden.
    [Show full text]
  • Download a PDF of This Web Page Here. Visit
    Dinosaur Genera List Page 1 of 42 You are visitor number— Zales Jewelry —as of November 7, 2008 The Dinosaur Genera List became a standalone website on December 4, 2000 on America Online’s Hometown domain. AOL closed the domain down on Halloween, 2008, so the List was carried over to the www.polychora.com domain in early November, 2008. The final visitor count before AOL Hometown was closed down was 93661, on October 30, 2008. List last updated 12/15/17 Additions and corrections entered since the last update are in green. Genera counts (but not totals) changed since the last update appear in green cells. Download a PDF of this web page here. Visit my Go Fund Me web page here. Go ahead, contribute a few bucks to the cause! Visit my eBay Store here. Search for “paleontology.” Unfortunately, as of May 2011, Adobe changed its PDF-creation website and no longer supports making PDFs directly from HTML files. I finally figured out a way around this problem, but the PDF no longer preserves background colors, such as the green backgrounds in the genera counts. Win some, lose some. Return to Dinogeorge’s Home Page. Generic Name Counts Scientifically Valid Names Scientifically Invalid Names Non- Letter Well Junior Rejected/ dinosaurian Doubtful Preoccupied Vernacular Totals (click) established synonyms forgotten (valid or invalid) file://C:\Documents and Settings\George\Desktop\Paleo Papers\dinolist.html 12/15/2017 Dinosaur Genera List Page 2 of 42 A 117 20 8 2 1 8 15 171 B 56 5 1 0 0 11 5 78 C 70 15 5 6 0 10 9 115 D 55 12 7 2 0 5 6 87 E 48 4 3
    [Show full text]
  • Dinosaur-Biodiversity-Reduc
    Dinosaur Diversity Changes • During the Mesozoic era, dinosaurs dominated the Top levels of the Food Chain Pyramid • Their ecological territory or “Niche” spread out over many environmental conditions; coastal, fluvial and even desert, almost everywhere on the earth’s surface • Even the sea and air were occupied by closely related reptiles (e.g. Plesiosaurus, Ichthyosaurus, Pteranodon) • Mammals hide from them, so their niches were nocturnal Dinosaur diversity change is important to elucidate future predictions of present-day animal biodiversity. Dinosaur Diversity Changes • During Mesozoic era, dinosaurs dominated the Top levels of the Food Chain Pyramid. • Their ecological territory “Niche” spread out over many environmental conditions; coastal, fluvial and even desert, almost everywhere on the earth’s surface. • Even sea and air occupied by closely related reptiles (e.g. Plesiosaurus, Ichthyosaurus, Pteranodon). • Mammals hide from them, so their niches were nocternal Dinosaur diversity change is important to elucidate future predictions of present-day animal biodiversity. Dinosaur Paleontology Dinosaurs originated in South America • Argentinosaurus is the heaviest dinosaur (length: 30m, weight: 100 tons). • Cretaceous Dinosaur assemblages are different from N. Hemisphere. South America “Sauropoda” North America & Asia “Hadrosaurid” No.1 Dinosaur Kingdom • A large variety of dinosaur fossils • Jurassic dinosaur assemblage is similar to other continents • Diversity of Ceratopsian and Hadrosauridae in late Cretaceous Motherland of Dinosaur Research • Iguanodon is the first Dinosaur specimen and species described . No.2 Dinosaur Kingdom • Recently, Bird-related Dinosaur fossils found. Hatching Oviraptor • Australia was located in polar zone in the early Cretaceous • But there were some dinosaurs (e.g. Muttaburasaurus). New Field of Dinosaur Research • Some dinosaur assemblages are similar to N.&S.
    [Show full text]
  • Mesozoic and Cenozoic Faunas and Biostratigraphy. the Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expendition
    Mesozoic and Cenozoic Faunas and Biostratigraphy. The Joint Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expendition. Transactions, Vol. 1: 132-191 (1974) Moscow Fauna i biostratigrafiya mesozoya i kaynozoya Mongolii. Sovmestnaya Sovetsko-Mongolskaya Paleontologicheskaya Ekspeditsiya Trudy, Vol. 1: 132-191 (1974) Moskva, Izdadelstvo “Nauka” E. A. Maleev GIANT CARNOSAURS OF THE FAMILY TYRANNOSAURIDAE This version represents a combination of separate translations by (1) Catherine Siskron and S. P. Welles and (2) Jisuo Jin edited together by Matthew Carrano original page numbers noted thus: {} {132} EDITOR’S NOTE The manuscript of ‘Evgeni Aleksandrovich Maleev, who suddenly passed away in 1966, has remained unfinished. As can be seen from the Introduction, which the author had time to write, he intended to clarify not only, as is usual, the morphology and systematics, but also questions of functional analyses, ecology of carnosaurs, their geologic age and geographic distribution, as well as their significance in the Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrate faunas. But, unfortunately, this was not able to come to pass. The most complete was the chapter that contained a detailed morphological description of Tarbosaurus, which is illustrated with the excellent work of artists P. V. Sivkov and K. P. Meshkov. Undoubtedly this section of E. A. Maleev’s work represents a great deal of interesting material for paleontologists in itself, as throughout the world there are only a few monographs published on the gigantic carnosaurian dinosaurs; all of them were published several decades ago, and naturally in several areas they are out of date with respect to the current level of knowledge. In addition, among these monographs there is not a single one that concerns itself with Asian carnosaurs, other than individual articles.
    [Show full text]
  • PTEROSAUR and DINOSAUR REMAINS from the MIDDLE JURASSIC BALABANSAI SVITA in the NORTHERN FERGANA DEPRESSION, KYRGYZSTAN (CENTRAL ASIA) by ALEXANDER O
    [Palaeontology, Vol. 48, Part 1, 2005, pp. 135–155] PTEROSAUR AND DINOSAUR REMAINS FROM THE MIDDLE JURASSIC BALABANSAI SVITA IN THE NORTHERN FERGANA DEPRESSION, KYRGYZSTAN (CENTRAL ASIA) by ALEXANDER O. AVERIANOV*, THOMAS MARTIN† and AIZEK A. BAKIROV‡ *Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] Institut fu¨r Geologische Wissenschaften, Fachrichtung Pala¨ontologie, Freie Universita¨t, Malterserstrasse 74–100, D-12249 Berlin, Germany; e-mail: [email protected]; from January 1, 2005: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senkenberganlage 25, D60325, Frankfurt, Germany àM. M. Adyshev Institute of Geology, National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Erkindik 30, Bishkek 720481, Kyrgyzstan; e-mail: [email protected] Typescript received 23 December 2002; accepted in revised form 2 October 2003 Abstract: Isolated pterosaur and dinosaur teeth and a sauro- 10–20 myr. The Balabansai vertebrate assemblage is most pod metatarsal I and manual phalanx V-1 from the Middle similar to the Callovian assemblages from the Qigu and Upper Jurassic (Callovian) Balabansai Svita in the northern Fergana Shaximiao formations in China, and intermediate in the evolu- Valley, Kyrgyzstan, are described and attributed to the ptero- tionary level of the taxa present between the Bathonian assem- saur taxon Rhamphorhynchinae indet., a theropod Tetanurae blages from Wucaiwan and the Lower Shaximiao formations indet., a sauropod Neosauropoda indet., and a new pachycep- (China) and the Late Jurassic Shar Teg fauna from Mongolia. halosaurid Ferganocephale adenticulatum gen. et sp. nov. The Balabansai theropod is possibly a stem-lineage representative Key words: Ferganocephale gen. nov., Jurassic, Kyrgyzstan, of Dromaeosauridae.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Genus and Species Ofcarnivorous Dinosaur from The
    Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. N at. Hist., 11: 87-90. March 30, 1992 A New Genus and Species of Carnivorous Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Kwanmon Group, Northern Kyushu Yoshihiko Okazaki Kitakyushu M useum of Natural History, K itakyushu, 805, Japan (Received November 10, 1991 ) Abstract A large tooth of a carnivorous dinosaur i s reported as the first r ecord from the L ower C retaceous Kwanmon G roup, northern Kyushu, Japan. The characters of the t ooth, such a s fine serration, r ugose longitudinal surface ornamentation and com pressed shape, are significant, and a new genus and species, Wakinosaurus satoi is proposed. The g enus i s allocated t o the F amily Megalosauridae tentatively. Introduction On February 9 1990, Masahiro Sato, Kitakyushu Natural History Society, found a incomplete large t ooth from a rock at Sengokukyo, Miyata-machi, Fukuoka Prefecture. The tooth has b een cleaned up b y the Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History. Its fine serration along the cutting edge and the t riangular shape indicate that i t belongs t o a carnivorous dinosaur. In t hese ten years, several occurences of Japanese dinosaurs became to b e known from Iwate, Fukushima, Gunma, I shikawa, Locality o f the Holotype o f Wakinosaurus satoi m±mm$tWfr<n so. ooofrw 1mm rm.Uj zmm. 88 Yoshihiko Okazaki Gifu, Fukui and Kumamoto Prefectures. Although there had been many expecta tions ofdinosaur fossil from the Cretaceous Kwanmon Group, there w ere no r eptilian remains except a few occurrences of turtles and crocodiles untill the present report.
    [Show full text]