Exercise Indian Ocean Wave 2016: an Indian Ocean-Wide Tsunami Warning and Communication Exercise, 7-8 September 2016
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Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Technical Series 128 EXERCISE INDIAN OCEAN WAVE 16 An Indian Ocean-wide Tsunami Warning and Communications Exercise 7-8 September 2016 Volume 1 Exercise Manual UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Technical Series 128 EXERCISE INDIAN OCEAN WAVE 16 An Indian Ocean-wide Tsunami Warning and Communications Exercise 7-8 September 2016 Volume 1 Exercise Manual UNESCO 2016 IOC Technical Series, 128 Vol.1 Perth, April 2016 English only The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariats of UNESCO and IOC concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of the frontiers of any country or territory. For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as follows: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. 2016. Exercise Indian Ocean Wave 2016: An Indian Ocean-wide Tsunami Warning and Communication Exercise, 7-8 September 2016. Volume 1: Exercise Manual. IOC Technical Series No. 128, Vol. 1. UNESCO. Prepared by the Exercise IOWave16 Task Team for the Intergovernmental Coordination Groupfor the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System. UNESCO 2016 (IOC/2016/TS/128Vol.1) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. BACKGROUND...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Previous IOWave Exercises ............................................................................. 1 1.2 Exercise Dates and Scenarios .......................................................................... 1 1.3 Exercise Involvement ........................................................................................ 2 1.4 Further Information ........................................................................................... 2 2. CONCEPT OF EXERCISE IOWave16 ................................................................... 2 2.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................ 2 2.2 Objectives ......................................................................................................... 2 2.3 Exercise Success Criteria ................................................................................. 3 2.4 Types of Exercise ............................................................................................. 3 3. SPECIFICS OF CONDUCTING EXERCISE IOWAVE16 ....................................... 4 3.1 Overview ........................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Exercise Specifics ............................................................................................. 5 3.2.1 Scenario 1, Sumatra ............................................................................................. 5 3.2.2 Scenario 2, Makran Trench .................................................................................. 8 3.3 Logging and Status Reporting Procedure ....................................................... 11 3.4 Website Passwords ........................................................................................ 11 3.5 Actions in Case of a Real Event ..................................................................... 11 3.6 Resourcing ..................................................................................................... 11 3.7 Media Involvement .......................................................................................... 11 3.8 Press Release ................................................................................................ 12 4. POST-EXERCISE EVALUATION......................................................................... 12 4.1 Evaluation and Debriefing ............................................................................... 12 4.2 Exercise Observers ........................................................................................ 13 4.3 Exercise Report .............................................................................................. 13 APPENDIX I. EXAMPLES OF TSP BULLETIN NOTIFICATION MESSAGES ......... 14 APPENDIX II. EXAMPLES OF TSP CONFIRMED THREAT BULLETINS WITH TSUNAMI WAVE OBSERVATIONS ........................................................................ 16 APPENDIX III. SAMPLE PRESS RELEASE ............................................................ 35 APPENDIX IV. EXERCISE FORMAT ....................................................................... 37 APPENDIX V. POST-EXERCISE EVALUATION ..................................................... 39 IOC Technical Series, 128 Vol.1 Page 1 1. BACKGROUND The devastating impact of the 26 December 2004 Indonesia earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami tragically demonstrated what can happen without an effective tsunami warning system. Tsunamis may not occur often, but when they do they can affect coasts, sometimes across an entire ocean. The 2004 tsunami caused damage and casualties across the entire Indian Ocean basin – even as far away as South Africa. Following this event, UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) was requested to establish an Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (ICG/IOTWMS), to promote the exchange of seismic and sea level data for rapid tsunami detection and analysis, to provide warnings for such events, and to coordinate mitigation efforts among its Member States. An efficient and effective end-to-end warning system was needed, ready to react 24 hours a day to any potential tsunami threat, alert those at risk along coasts, and motivate them take immediate and appropriate steps to save their lives. Under the guidance of the ICG/IOTWMS, Member States collaborated in the development of the IOTWMS, which was initially tested in the Indian Ocean-wide tsunami warning and response exercise IOWave09 (October 2009), and which then came into operation immediately following the subsequent IOWave11 (October 2011) exercise and was exercised again in IOWave14 (September 2014). Since 2011, the three Tsunami Service Providers (TSPs) of Australia, India and Indonesia have provided real-time tsunami products to the National Tsunami Warning Centres (NTWCs) of the IOTWMS Member States. The 10th Session of the ICG/IOTWMS in Muscat, Oman established a Task Team to organise the next Indian Ocean-wide tsunami exercise (IOWave16) in the second half of 2016. Indian Ocean-wide tsunami exercises are effective tools for evaluating the readiness of the IOTWMS and for identifying changes that can improve its effectiveness. The ICG/IOTWMS notes the value of basin-wide tsunami exercises and drills such as IOWave16 and also encourages Member States to conduct further exercises and drills at the national and local levels. Exercise IOWave16 will simulate Indian Ocean countries being put in a tsunami warning situation and require the National Tsunami Warning Centre (NTWC) and the National and/or Local Disaster Management Offices (NDMO/LDMO) in each country to implement their Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). A significant observation from Exercise IOWave14 was that only two countries exercised community evacuation. A primary goal of IOWave16 therefore is to encourage more countries to involve coastal communities in the exercise to test the SOPs and communications links at all levels of the warning and response chain. 1.1 Previous IOWave Exercises Eighteen (18) Indian Ocean Member States, out of an active twenty-four (24), participated in Exercise IOWave09, and twenty-two (22) participated in Exercise IOWave11 with four (4) countries exercising down to the community level. All twenty-four (24) Member States participated in Exercise IOWave14 with two (2) exercising down to the community level. 1.2 Exercise Dates and Scenarios Exercise IOWave16 contains two earthquake scenarios on successive days, 7 and 8 September, with both scenarios run in real-time. The scenario details are provided in Table 1. Table 1: Scenario Details Scenario 1 – Sumatra Scenario 2 – Makran Trench Date: Wednesday 7 September 2016 Date: Thursday 8 September 2016 Time: 0300 UTC Time: 0600 UTC Magnitude: 9.2 Mw Magnitude: 9.0 Mw Depth: 10 km Depth: 10 km Latitude: 1.93 S Latitude: 24.8 N Longitude: 99.22 E Longitude: 62.2 E Location: Southern Sumatra, Indonesia Location: Off Coast of Pakistan 1.3 Exercise Involvement The following organisations should be involved: Tsunami Service Providers (TSPs) National Tsunami Warning Centres (NTWCs) National Disaster Management Organisations (NDMOs) Local Disaster Management Organisations (LDMOs) Media Organisations Local communities, to the extent decided by each Member State, noting that this exercise has a focus on maximising community involvement. 1.4 Further Information Further information for the exercise is available on the exercise website www.ioc- unesco.org/IOWave16. 2. CONCEPT OF EXERCISE IOWave16 2.1 Purpose The purpose of Exercise IOWave16 is to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of the IOTWMS, through its operational TSPs, NTWCs, NDMOs and LDMOs, in responding to a potentially destructive tsunami. The exercise will provide an opportunity for Indian Ocean countries to test their operational lines of communications, to review their tsunami warning and emergency response SOPs, and to promote emergency preparedness. Regular exercises are important for maintaining staff readiness for real events. This is