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Summer 2007 Press/Politics from the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University From the Director Center Hosts Panel on Global Warming In recent and Media months, a cam- paign has been Times; Ira Flatow, host of NPR’s waged by Wall “Science Friday”; and John Hol- Street against dren, Teresa and John Heinz Pro- the New York fessor of Environmental Policy Times Com- and director of the Kennedy pany’s two- School’s program on Science, Alex S. Jones tiered stock Technology, and Public Policy. ownership. Shorenstein Center Director Some in the financial world, Alex Jones served as moderator. led by a Morgan Stanley money Panelists devoted a significant manager, have been asserting amount of the discussion to Ira Flatow and John Holdren that two-tiered ownership was debating the merits of journalis- unfair to many shareholders and The Shorenstein Center con- tic objectivity in the media’s inherently undemocratic. tributed to the Kennedy School’s coverage of climate change, In addition to the Times, this annual spring conference on May including what Blakemore called form of ownership is in place at 5 by hosting a panel discussion “the balance fallacy.” He empha- Company titled “The Role of the Media in sized that giving equal weight to and at Dow Jones, owner of The the Discussion of Global Warm- opposing views is important in Wall Street Journal, and it has ing.” The panel fit into the larger reporting on opinion-based allowed three families—the theme of the conference, titled issues, but not on event-based Sulzbergers, Grahams and Ban- “The Looming Crises: Can We stories such as global warming. crofts—to have ultimate control Act in Time?” The two-day con- Blakemore attributed the media’s of the companies, even though ference was designed to explore even-handedness toward the they don’t own most of the stock areas where change is critical to subject to the fact that “We were outright. avert large-scale public crises. too afraid as individual journal- In the case of the Times, the Panelists included Bill Blake- ists to decide for ourselves what Sulzberger family owns most of more, for ABC the scientists were saying.” the B stock, which elects a News; Robert Blendon, Professor Holdren expanded on that majority of the board, while of Health Policy and Political point, adding that there is no Morgan Stanley and others who Analysis; Cornelia Dean, senior credible evidence to support the have invested in the Times own science writer for The New York Continued on page 3 A stock, which is represented on the board by a minority of board members. Task Force Issues Reports on Use of Morgan Stanley and some other financial institutions that News in the Classroom own blocks of Times stock want The Shorenstein Center “troubling” questions about the that to change and the family recently released two reports on quality of civics education in has thus far rebuffed their the use of news in the nation’s America. demands. classrooms. The first, Manda- The second report, The Inter- So, what’s right here? One tory Testing and News in the net and the Threat It Poses to person, one vote? Should the Schools, suggests that an empha- Local Media: Lessons from family give up its control in sis on preparing students for News in the Schools, found that the interest of democratic standardized tests leaves little while about half the teachers ownership? time for the use of news in the Continued on page 13 classroom, a situation that raises Continued on page 12 www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics 2 The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy

Southern California’s Institute studied the Times’ credibility for Justice and . Her and accomplishments. Mr. Siegal Fellows work has also appeared in The was a member of the 1971 edit- Washington Monthly, The New ing team that produced the Republic, Salon and National Times’ Pulitzer Prize winning Fall 2006 Journal, among other publica- coverage of the Pentagon Papers. tions. Born in the south of In 1999 he co-authored The New France, Franke-Ruta was raised York Times Manual of Style and Cabot Fellow Jill in Mexico, New Mexico and Usage with William G. Con- Carroll is a staff . She graduated nolly. Press treatment of writer for The magna cum laude from Harvard national security information Christian Sci- College in 1997. Her Shorenstein was the focus of his research at ence Monitor. Center research examined the the Shorenstein Center. Siegal’s From October representation of women in opin- paper can be found at 2003 through ion journalism. www.shorensteincenter.org. May 2004 Ms. Carroll lived in Iraq, freelancing William Powers Spring 2007 for various publications and cov- is the media ering daily news for Ansa, an Ital- critic for ian newswire. She returned to National Journal Linda Douglass, Baghdad in January 2005 and magazine, a longtime ABC began working for The Christian weekly in Wash- and CBS politi- Science Monitor. Before obtaining ington, D.C. He cal correspon- her current position, Ms. Carroll was previously a dent, was the worked for the States News Ser- for The Washington first Kalb Fellow vice, Wall Street Journal, and Jor- Post, a for The New at the Shoren- dan Times covering a range of Republic and a U.S. Senate aide. stein Center. topics including the FCC, higher His writing has also appeared in Douglass retired from ABC News education, health, sports and The Atlantic Monthly, The Los in December 2005, where she business. Ms. Carroll graduated Angeles Times and many other worked for nine years as a corre- from the University of Massachu- publications. He is a two-time spondent in the Washington, setts with a B.A. in journalism in winner of the National Press D.C., bureau. She became the 1999. Her research project ana- Club’s Arthur Rowse Award for network’s congressional corre- lyzed the decline of foreign Press Criticism. His research at spondent in 1998 and was named bureaus in the wake of changes in the Shorenstein Center centered chief Capitol Hill correspondent the newspaper industry. Carroll’s on “the death of paper” and its in December 2000. Before joining research paper can be found in the implications for media content. ABC News, she covered politics publications section of our web- and general assignment stories site, www.shorensteincenter.org. Allan M. Siegal, for CBS News beginning in 1993. Edelman Family Douglass reported for the CBS Garance Franke- Fellow, com- News political unit, where she Ruta is a senior pleted his career established a feature focusing on editor at The with The New campaign finance entitled “Fol- American York Times in low the Dollar.” Douglass is the Prospect, where 2006 after more recipient of numerous awards, she covers elec- than four including the 2000 National toral politics and decades of service. Upon his Press Foundation’s Everett Dirk- writes for the retirement he was the Times’ sen Award, for her coverage of magazine’s group , “Tapped.” assistant and Congress. She examined network She was previously a senior standards editor. In response to and cable news coverage of the writer and news editor at City the Times’ 2003 Jayson Blair immigration debate. Paper, Washington, D.C.’s, alter- scandal, Mr. Siegal headed an native weekly newspaper. From investigative committee which 2004–2005 Ms. Franke-Ruta was recommended measures to pre- a Security and Liberty Post-9/11 vent a recurrence. He also Fellow with the University of directed a task force which

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy 3

Michael Maier, Visiting Fellows New Shorenstein founder and CEO of the German Center Scholarship company Blog- Ellen Goodman, form Publishing, the Pulitzer Director Alex Jones has cre- was the Shoren- Prize winning ated the Shorenstein Center stein Center’s , was a Scholarship in Press and Politics. Sagan Fellow. visiting Fellow The scholarship is to be awarded The Austrian born journalist at the Shoren- annually to an individual who worked as editor for Die Presse, a stein Center. has a proven interest in issues Vienna daily, for Berliner Goodman began concerning the press and politics. Zeitung, Stern magazine and Net- her career as a researcher for It will support a student who has zeitung, Germany’s first newspa- Newsweek magazine before already been admitted to the per exclusively published on the becoming a reporter for the Kennedy School and who wishes Internet. Maier also worked as a Detroit Free Press in 1965. She to pursue graduate study in the columnist for the Austrian daily joined The Boston Globe as a field of press, politics and public Der Standard and is a regular lec- reporter in 1967 and became a policy. As a demonstration of turer at the journalism schools in full-time columnist in 1974. A their commitment, successful Graz and Vienna. He graduated 1963 graduate of Radcliffe Col- applicants are expected to be pro- from Graz University with a lege, Goodman returned to Har- fessionally employed in the field degree in law and music. Maier’s vard in 1973 as a Nieman Fellow. for three years after graduation. research at the Shorenstein Cen- Goodman has published many The Center received over ter examined the changes in the books, including six collections ninety applications and selected media industry and in politics of her columns. A syndicated Aram Hur, a graduate of Stanford due to , user-generated con- columnist with the Washington University. Hur, who will enter tent, social media and Internet Post Writers Group, she was the Kennedy School’s Master in newspapers. awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Policy program in Sep- Distinguished Commentary in tember 2007, has experience in Elizabeth Stein 1980. Goodman researched both print and broadcast journal- is a doctoral women, news and political ism. He is particularly concerned student in polit- knowledge. with the “cultural aspect of the ical science at press,” an interest he attributes UCLA. Her dis- Mark Halperin to his bicultural background—he sertation is was a joint visit- was educated in both Korea and titled Leading ing Fellow with the U.S. At the Kennedy School, the Way: The the Institute of Hur will concentrate on journal- Media and the Struggle for Politics and the ism as a forum for international Democracy. Stein has worked Shorenstein communication. in corporate public relations, Center. While at sports marketing and as a free- the Kennedy Global Warming, from page 1 lance writer and editor. In School, Halperin—along with 2004–2005, she conducted field- Mark McKinnon—organized and skeptic’s view of global warming. work in Brazil and Chile as a moderated “Campaign 2008: The issue received such balanced Fulbright scholar. Stein received Looking Ahead,” a series of dis- treatment, he explained, because her M.S. from Northwestern cussions designed to engage the skeptics can say a preposterous University’s Medill School of principal decisionmakers behind thing in one sentence that takes Journalism in 1997 and her B.A. the 2008 presidential campaign. an academic expert three para- from the University of North Halperin is editor-at-large at graphs to rebut. The bottom line, Carolina at Chapel Hill. Stein’s Time magazine and political ana- according to Holdren, is that research at the Shorenstein lyst for ABC News. “climate change is a difficult sell Center examined political in an environment where sound activists’ use of the media to bites are paramount.” gauge government tolerance and For a complete transcript of assess the risk of participation the session, see the Shorenstein in anti-regime activities amid Cetner’s website. authoritarian rule.

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics 4 The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy Wall Street Journal Wins 2007 Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting

On March 16, the 2007 Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting was awarded to Charles Forelle, James Bandler and Mark Maremont of The Wall Street Journal. Using a combination of investigative reporting and scientific research the team revealed how, through “unethical manipulation,” top executives had amassed millions of dollars in stock options. The series led to a federal investigation of over 100 companies and forced many executives to step down. The $25,000 prize is awarded each year for the story that best promotes more effective and ethical conduct of government, the making of public policy, or the practice of politics in the United States at the national or local level. This year’s keynote address was delivered by Goldsmith Career Award Winner Daniel Schorr, senior news analyst for National Public Radio. “The power of the press has lost its meaning,” Schorr said, lamenting what he saw as the American public’s waning confidence in the news media. A reper- cussion of this development, Daniel Schorr he said, is that the public nowadays is less likely to rally on behalf of who, citing the First Amend- ment, refuse to disclose their sources. The Goldsmith Book Prize is awarded annually to two distinguished contributions to the field of press and poli- tics—one academic and one trade. This year, in the academic category, the prize went to Diana C. Mutz, the Samuel A. Stouffer Professor of Political Science and Communication at the University of Pennsylvania. In Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy, Mutz argues that active participation in politics may be incompatible with a more deliberative approach. In the trade category, Gene Roberts, former managing editor at , and Hank Klibanoff, managing editor at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution won for their book, The Race Beat: The Press, the Civil Rights Struggle and the Awakening of a Nation, an account of how the press came to recognize the Mark Maremont, James Bandler and Charles urgency of America’s civil rights struggle and their tenacity Forelle of The Wall Street Journal in exposing the story. On March 17, the winners and finalists for the investigative reporting prize convened to discuss their par- ticular investigations as well as the general state of investigative reporting. The finalists for the Goldsmith Investigative Reporting Prize were Walter V. Robinson, Michael Rezendes, Beth Healy, Francie Latour and Heather Allen of The Boston Globe; Charles Ornstein and Tracy Weber of The Times; Debbie Cenziper of The Miami Herald; Ken Armstrong, Justin Mayo and Steve Miletich of The Seattle Times and Dan Morgan, Gilbert M. Gaul and Sarah Cohen of The Washington Post. Shorenstein Center Director Alex Jones moderated. A special award was presented to the Center for Public Integrity, founded by former Shorenstein Fellow Chuck Lewis, for its contribution to public service. This year’s ceremony marked the sixteenth annual presenta- tion of the Goldsmith Awards, which promotes excellence in journalism and encourages debate about the relationship between politics and the news media. Diana Mutz

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy 5 Shorenstein Center Celebrates Twentieth Anniversary

foundations of the long-term business, that delicate balance of public service . . . in order to sat- isfy investors’ goals to have max- imum profit margins,” Marimow said. When asked about the long- term outlook for traditional media, such as newspapers and broadcast networks, the panel was more optimistic. “We are in a communications revolution,” said Sproul. Evan Thomas added: “Obviously there are economic realities out there that affect us, Arianna Huffington and Michael Kinsley but . . . there is always going to On Friday, October 13 and the need for an informed, edu- be a market for good story- Saturday, October 14, the cated populace. Speaking of the telling, for deep, good, rich sto- Shorenstein Center marked its public as “citizens,” rather than rytelling. And that’s expensive, twentieth year of exploring the as “consumers,” Gregorian but there is going to be a market intersection of press, politics and stressed the importance of culti- for it forever.” public policy through vigorous vating a citizenry that is capable The second panel, “New debate and research. of digesting, analyzing, and inte- Media and News: Peering over Organized around the theme grating the vast array of informa- the Horizon,” was moderated by “The Future of News,” the two- tion that is now available. (See Director Alex Jones. Panelists day anniversary celebration fea- page 9 for an excerpt from Grego- espousing the views of the paper- tured a series of speeches and rian’s speech). less media included Arianna panel discussions that were Two of the weekend’s three Huffington, co-founder, Huffing- emblematic of the center’s mis- panel discussions occurred on tonPost.com; Jeff Jarvis, writer, sion to further, and in many Friday afternoon, starting with BuzzMachine.com; Michael cases instigate, dialogue over “Traditional News Media: Opti- Kinsley, founding editor, Slate; timely and critical issues affect- mism, Pessimism and Realism,” Rebecca MacKinnon, co-founder, ing journalists and the state of moderated by former center Global Voices Online; Martin journalism at large. director Marvin Kalb; panelists Nisenholtz, senior vice presi- The event kicked off on Friday included John Carroll, former edi- dent, digital operations, New morning with an address by tor, Los Angeles Times; Rick York Times Co.; and Paul Sagan, Scott Anthony, managing direc- Kaplan, executive producer, “The president and CEO, Akamai. tor of Innosight and co-author of CBS Evening News”; Bill Mari- Continuing the thread of Evan Seeing What’s Next: Using the mow, editor and executive vice Thomas’ observation in the pre- Theories of Innovation to Predict president, Philadelphia Inquirer; vious panel, moderator Jones Industry Change. Anthony’s Robin Sproul, vice president and pointed out, “In a way, you could speech, titled “Newspapers and Washington bureau chief, ABC think of blogging as storytelling. Industry Information,” addressed News; and Evan Thomas, assis- You certainly can think of these the challenges of achieving tant managing editor, Newsweek. videos on YouTube as story- growth in the newspaper indus- While the panelists offered dis- telling and you can think of try, which is widely considered parate definitions of what consti- MySpace as storytelling. So, to be on the decline. tutes “traditional news,” there effectively, what we seem to be Vartan Gregorian, president of was consensus that the main- moving into is a world of vast the Carnegie Corporation of stream media’s fear of change quantities of new stories.” New York, delivered the keynote and concern with profit margins Panelists proceeded to dissect speech at Friday’s luncheon. Gre- have resulted in some costly the implications of this vast gorian’s talk focused on the cru- decisions for the industry as a quantity of new stories, which cial link between the media and whole. “Sadly, we are eroding the Continued on page 7

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Anniversary, from page 5

Center, and to his late daughter to President George W. Bush Joan, formerly of CBS News and during the 2000 and 2004 The Washington Post, in whose campaigns. memory the center was estab- Addressing perhaps the lished and named. weightiest issues of the week- Speakers included present and end, panelists were asked to con- past Center directors Alex Jones sider broad questions about the and Marvin Kalb; Al Hunt of public’s perspective on the press Bloomberg News; former deans in terms of truth and accuracy— of the Kennedy School Graham a pertinent issue in a time when Allison and Al Carnesdale; audiences have come to rely on David Ellwood, the Kennedy up-to-the-minute reporting from School’s current dean; and vet- the mainstream and non-tradi- eran anchor Dan Rather, for- tional media alike. merly of CBS News. BBC journalist Nik Gowing On Saturday, Thomas Patter- described the pressure of work- son, Bradlee Professor of Gov- ing under what he calls the ernment and the Press, “tyranny of real time.” Fred Schauer moderated a panel that “What we are facing is the addressed the issue of “Media incapacity in those we rely on as predominantly exist in cyber- and Democracy.” Participants in sources to get basic, raw infor- space. Echoing Thomas’ senti- the discussion included Nik mation, so we are now the pur- ments, Arianna Huffington said: Gowing, main presenter, BBC veyors of the first, second, and “I don’t see it all as either/or. World; Hendrik Hertzberg, third versions of facts . . . we This whole debate of online ver- senior editor and staff writer, don’t have a deadline, we have a sus print, online versus the The New Yorker; Kathleen Hall rolling deadline,” Gowing said. mainstream media—I really Jamieson, professor and director, He continued: “And that’s the think it’s already obsolete. I Annenberg Public Policy Center, dilemma I think we are all fac- think, in the foreseeable future, University of Pennsylvania; Bill ing. Because whether you are in there is going to be both.” Kovach, former editor, Atlanta a newspaper with the traditional Speaking to the power of the Journal-Constitution; and Mark deadlines or a rolling website Web as a journalistic tool, McKinnon, chief media advisor like The New York Times has Rebecca MacKinnon added, “In and [the BBC], and also on a mul- the past, if a journalist didn’t titude of 13 different broadcast pick up on something that platforms, we have a constant somebody had to say some- deadline. How do you measure where, it just never got any- truth and accuracy in that?” where, end of story. The weekend’s festivities con- “Now people have the ability cluded with a luncheon on Satur- to take matters into their own day, where Guardian editor Alan hands and get messages out, get Rusbridger delivered a speech images out, get stories out. You entitled “Corporate Responsibil- don’t have to wait for profession- ity and the Media,” in which he als to find the space in their discussed the importance of bal- newspapers or even on their ancing business and editorial websites,” she said. responsibilities. A high point of the weekend was a dinner on Friday night, during which a number of distin- guished guests reflected on the past twenty years. Friday evening also featured a series of tributes to Walter Shorenstein, principal benefactor of the Shorenstein Dan Rather

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics 8 The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy E. J. Dionne, Jr., Delivers Theodore H. White Lecture

dying industry,” she said. More important than speculation or panic about the medium’s future prospects, she suggested, the real object of concern should be pre- serving the role of news—in whatever form—in engaging citi- zens in dialogue. “Our readers are not just consumers, they’re citizens, and the conversation we have among ourselves as a democracy is really what this country is about,” she said. The following morning Dionne and Ivins took part in a panel discussion moderated by E. J. Dionne Shorenstein Center Director Alex Jones. The other panelists The friction between tradi- he insisted, we must welcome were Garance Franke-Ruta, tional, newspaper-based journal- new media forms, because they ism and the ever-evolving world help fill a void that traditional of electronic-based news delivery reporting does not address. New is a topic that has dominated the media “engage citizens in the debate about what the future of obligations and magic of politics. news reporting will look like. They draw people into the fight,” This year’s Theodore H. White he said. Lecturer, Washington Post Dionne, who writes a syndi- columnist and author E. J. cated column for The Washing- Dionne, Jr., confronted the topic ton Post, is a 1973 Harvard in his address, “The Making of graduate and Rhodes scholar. Democracy 2006: How the New Before joining the Post in 1990 as Media and the Old Media Could a political reporter he was, for Live Together Happily and fourteen years, a reporter for The Enhance Public Life.” New York Times. Dionne sought to inject a note Earlier in the evening the of optimism into the debate. His David Nyhan Prize for Political Molly Ivins perspective was a refreshing Journalism, awarded annually in one: the two need not argue, he conjunction with the White Lec- senior editor at The American suggested; there is, in fact, good ture, was presented to the late Prospect; Christina Martin, for- reason to think they could com- journalist Molly Ivins. mer press secretary to Newt Gin- plement one another to better In the wry manner that was grich; Jack Shafer, press critic fulfill journalism’s mandate to her trademark, Ivins shared some and editor-at-large for Slate mag- engage citizens in the democratic observations about the flurry of azine; and Sidney Verba, Carl H. process. It is essential, Dionne concern regarding the fate of Pforzheimer University Professor said, “to preserve good, old-fash- newspaper-based reporting. “I at Harvard University. An edited ioned reporting and investigation have been in the newspaper busi- transcript of the White Lecture that citizens, whatever their ness since 1964, and during that and Seminar is available on the political views, can rely on.” But, entire time I have been told it’s a Center’s website.

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Twentieth Anniversary Keynote Address by Vartan Gregorian

The following is an excerpt of we are rational beings, we are the keynote address delivered at civic beings, we are citizens, and the Shorenstein Center’s twenti- you as journalists have to protect eth anniversary celebration. Var- that citizenship, the concept of tan Gregorian, president of the citizenship. . . . Carnegie Corporation of New [A]s a corporation, as govern- York, spoke of the expanded role ment, as a political party, I can the nation’s universities could control the media if we don’t play in enhancing the ability of have an educated journalist, a journalists—and the broader specialist who will go to the public whom they serve—to par- heart of the matter, rather than ticipate in public life. be snowed in or directed by us. And that’s why it’s very impor- As Jefferson mentioned, you tant, in my opinion, to also put cannot be mere teachers; you our resources to educate those have to be public intellectuals as who are going to be journalists. Vartan Gregorian well. A journalist has to embody Whether you went to school for the best knowledge because he journalism, I don’t care. But if people to be in the truth busi- or she is an intermediary you decide to be a journalist, I ness. We encourage people to be between society and knowledge. want you to be the best because in the profit business, which is He or she is also an interpreter, truth does not go out of busi- fine; I have no problem with but most important, he or she is ness. Truth is not business, profit. But there is a social a guardian of our democracy. In truth is a necessary ingredient responsibility to reapply that my opinion, there are three posi- in keeping our society together. profit, as Mr. Shorenstein has tions most important in the pub- And that’s why journalists, in done, for the sake of society, to lic sector in this country: my book, are so highly regarded. keep institutions going that will teachers, to whom we entrust The other thing which we have be beacons in order to keep light our children, and therefore our to think about is how to make so that people can follow. The future; librarians, to whom we news media outlets immune to price is worth it because we trust managing information; but the rise and fall of corporate intend to see that America the other one, in my opinion, is pricing. deserves an honest profession journalists. I have an exalted But what happens to democ- full of integrity and courage. And view of journalists, sorry to racy if all of us go out of busi- the courage is not to go and die offend some of you. ness? What range of profit can in the field; courage is also the But I think it’s the most one condone in a civil society routine that every day you fol- important task. Our democracy like ours? We used to have pub- low for 10 or 20 years in order to is being kept honest, transparent, lic utilities regulated; there could find out what happened. accountable because of you. be eight or ten percent profit. It’s a luxury that we can afford Whether you are on the right or Should we make newspaper and and, if we miss this boat and the left, there is a wider spec- other industries also subject to something happens to our trum, you are the ones who keep minimum or maximum kinds of democracy, we cannot blame democracy alive. Economic insti- profit? anybody—al Qaeda, Soviets, Cas- tutions won’t, because America But now the costs are so tro, Chavez, whoever—we have was not built on the notion that immense—psychological, socio- to blame ourselves because, as we are all socioeconomic con- logical, economic, political Pogo said, “We found the enemy, sumers. We are spiritual beings, costs—that we don’t encourage the enemy is us.”

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics 10 The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy

2006–2007 Nolan Bowie, co-taught Mobilizing for Polit- adjunct lec- ical Action with Tom Patter- Courses turer in public son, Steve Jarding and Pepper policy, taught Culpepper. New Media and Democ- racy, a course Adjunct Lec- Visiting Asso- dealing with turer Maxine ciate Professor the policies and politics asso- Isaacs taught of Public Pol- ciated with new media in the Foreign Policy, icy Matthew 21st century. Some of the top- the News and Baum taught ics covered include media American Pub- two courses. concentration, propaganda, lic Opinion. The first, Mass intellectual property and With particular Media, Public diversity. emphasis on current events, Opinion and U.S. Foreign Pol- this course examines the rela- icy, considers whether and tionship between public opin- how the media influences Former Los ion and news media coverage public opinion regarding poli- Angeles Times of foreign policy. Democracy tics and foreign policy. The editor John S. building, military and human- second course, Political Com- Carroll taught itarian intervention, and trade munication, covers the his- Journalistic and economic policy are tory of and recent trends in Values in a among the many topics dis- the media, with a particular Time of cussed—from both theoretical focus on television. Upheaval, a and practical perspectives. course that focused on con- Isaacs also taught a freshman temporary challenges to tradi- seminar at Harvard College Professor tional newspaper journalism, on presidential elections. Robert J. among them technology, the Blendon taught tension between corporate Public Opin- and journalistic values and Steve Jarding, ion, Polling the effects of partisanship on lecturer in pub- and Public Pol- reporting. lic policy, icy. The course taught Mobiliz- examines the ing for Political influence and role of public Marie Action with opinion polling in policy deci- Danziger, lec- Marie Danziger, sion making, election cam- turer in public Thomas Patter- paigns, and journalism. policy and son and Pepper Culpepper. He Students learn the basic skills director of the also taught Running for required to design, use, and Kennedy Office and Managing Cam- critically interpret surveys School’s com- paigns, a course for students measuring public opinion. munications who wish to run for political Blendon also taught a second program, taught the Arts of office or work on political course, Political Analysis and Communication. This course, campaigns. Strategy for U.S. Health Care geared toward potential leaders Policy. in politics and public policy, aims to strengthen students’ ability to communicate effec- tively in public, both in speech and in writing. Danziger also

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Alex Jones, Mark McKin- law, politics, economics, the Laurence M. non, adjunct press, public morality and Lombard Lec- lecturer in pub- social policy. turer in the lic policy, Press and Pub- taught Modern lic Policy, Political Com- Fred Schauer, taught a survey munication: Frank Stanton course, Press, From the Professor of the Politics and Public Policy. In White House to the Blogos- First Amend- this course students examine phere. This course examined ment, taught the lessons that can be the key instruments used in Legal and learned from recent news cov- political communications and Political Insti- erage of such topics as the considered a range of ques- tutions in war on terror, the war in Iraq, tions, including what makes a Development. This course the 2004 election, and the particular message succeed or focuses on the legal and polit- current political situation. fail and whether political ical aspects international communications qualifies as development, with a particu- lar focus on the nature and William either an art or a science. varieties of legal and political Kristol, lec- McKinnon was chief media institutions. Schauer also turer in public advisor to President George taught a course, Evidence, at policy, taught a W. Bush during the 2000 and Harvard Law School. course with 2004 elections. He is an the title Can award-winning media pro- ducer and communications America Be Evan Thomas, Governed? strategist and has served as principal media advisor for Edward R. Through case studies, the Murrow Visit- course considers such ques- corporate and political cam- paigns in the United States, ing Professor of tions as whether we are doing the Practice of a better job of governing our- Latin America, and Africa. President of Maverick Media, Press and Pub- selves, what the main obsta- lic Policy, cles to successful governance McKinnon has been awarded more than thirty Pollie and taught Mass are, and how we might over- Media and Public Policy, a come them. Telly awards, which honor the nation’s best political and course that examines the public affairs advertising. interaction of politicians, pol- In collaboration icymakers and the media, and with lecturers their impact on policy Marie Danziger, Religion, Poli- through case studies involv- Steve Jarding tics and Public ing national security issues, and Pepper Policy is taught Washington scandals and elec- Culpepper, by Richard tions. The course focused in Thomas E. Pat- Parker, lecturer particular on press/politics terson, Bradlee in public pol- dynamics in the post–World Professor of Government and icy. This course War II era. the Press, taught Mobilizing for proceeds from Political Action, an introduc- the premise that the influence tion to political systems in the of religion in public life is U.S. and abroad. One of the largely unexamined. It consid- Kennedy School’s core courses, ers the shape of American reli- it is a requirement for those in gious beliefs today and probes the two-year Master in Public how they continue to arise in Policy program.

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NEWSMAKERS

This spring Robert Blendon, Professor of Health Policy and Political Analysis, was one of three recipients of the 2007 Everett Mendelsohn Excellence in Mentoring Award. The prize is awarded annually to a faculty member with a distinguished record of helping students realize their academic, professional, and personal goals. Marion Just is co-author (with Tom Rosenstiel, Todd Belt, Atiba Pertilla, Walter Dean and Dante Chinni) of the new book We Interrupt This Broadcast: How to Improve Local News and Win Ratings, Too (Cambridge University Press).

On July 1, 2007, Marvin Kalb will become the Edward R. Murrow Professor of Practice emeritus at Har- vard’s Kennedy School of Government. Kalb served as Edward R. Murrow Professor and director of the Shorenstein Center from 1986 to 2000. Rick Kaplan, former Shorenstein Fellow and Lombard Lecturer, has been named executive producer for the “CBS Evening News” with Katie Couric. Kaplan is a former president of both CNN and MSNBC, and was a longtime producer for ABC’s “World News Tonight” with Peter Jennings.

Global Voices Online, a website that harnesses the power of blogging to galvanize civic participation, was the 2006 recipient of the Institute of Interactive Journalism’s Knight-Batten Innovations Award. Global Voices offers a way for bloggers around the world to converge around issues related to civil society that often go underreported by the mainstream media. The $10,000 award recognizes innovative ways to use the Internet to promote citizen participation in public life. Housed at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society, the site was co-founded by former Shorenstein Center Fellow Rebecca MacKinnon. www.globalvoicesonline.org Fred Schauer has been named the new director of Harvard University’s Edmond J. Safra Foundation Center for Ethics, which is based at the Kennedy School of Government. He will begin his tenure in July 2008.

Carnegie Knight, from page 1

surveyed have increased their 1,250 social studies, civics and a partnership involving the use of news in the classroom, government teachers in grades 5 Carnegie Corporation of New many are opting for Internet- through 12, as well as several York, the John S. and James L. based news from providers such hundred Newspaper-in-Educa- Knight Foundation, the Shoren- as CNN.com, PBS.org and tion (NIE) program directors at stein Center and eight leading nytimes.com over news provided daily newspapers. They were pro- graduate schools of journalism. by local newspapers and local duced by the Shorenstein Center To read the reports visit and national television. for the Carnegie-Knight Task http://www.ksg.harvard.edu The reports were based on par- Force on the Future of Journal- /presspol/carnegie_home.htm. allel national surveys of over ism Education. The Task Force is

Massimiliano Santini Awarded Lithgow Summer Internship

Massimiliano Santini, a stu- Kenya. Santini graduated from background includes a stint as a dent at the Kennedy School, is the University of Modena and foreign correspondent for Next this year’s recipient of the Reggio Emilia in 1998 with a Exit, a monthly news magazine Lynette Lithgow Summer Intern- degree in economics. Later he published in Italy. He also has ship grant. He will spend the worked as a financial analyst in produced and edited several doc- summer in Nairobi as a reporter London, New York, and Rome umentary films focusing on for The Business Daily, a leading with the United Nations’ World social issues. source of financial news in Food Programme. His journalism

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy 13

Scholarships at the Kennedy School

Harvard University’s Kennedy for a nonprofit, a government Lewis Freedman Scholarship for School of Government offers agency or political entity for three /Frederick master’s degrees in public policy years after graduation. Roy Martin Scholarship. The and public administration. If you Freedman Scholarship was estab- William A. Starr Innovations are a journalist interested in lished in 1993 to encourage Fellowship. This fund was estab- applying to the Kennedy School, journalists to expand and deepen lished to support students who please consider the following their knowledge of public policy are working to promote innova- scholarship opportunities: issues. The Martin Scholarship tive solutions and imaginative was established in 1995 through thinking as leaders in journalism Shorenstein Center Scholarship the estate of Nancy Martin. The and public service. The fellow- in Press and Politics income from these two funds ship will be awarded to a journal- The Shorenstein Center Scholar- supports students interested in ist in the MPP or MPA program ship is awarded to an individual journalism. who demonstrates original, non- who has a proven interest in traditional thinking in policy Applicants for these scholarships issues concerning the press and analysis and public service. should contact Stephanie politics, has been accepted as a Streletz, associate director of stu- Kennedy School student and dent financial services, at the wishes to study press, politics John F. Kennedy School of Gov- and public policy. Successful ernment, 79 JFK Street, Cam- applicants are expected to work bridge, MA 02138; 617-496-9078. in journalism/communications

Director, from page 1 Knight Ridder, the company changes the stock ownership sys- demanding returns that would be which was once considered the tem, it seems almost certain that suitable for a period of expansive best newspaper chain in the the next move from Wall Street growth and prosperity. country, was owned without two would be to put The New York At risk is the news itself. tiers of stock. Neither the Times on the auction block. If the immediate-return goals Knights nor the Ridders—the Good journalism has generally of Wall Street are allowed to pre- two families who merged their prospered under public owner- vail, the future of news will be newspaper chains to create the ship of newspaper companies. the principal victim. Newspapers company—built that form of These companies took the mil- can make more money. But to do control into the company when lions made available by offering so they have to cut their it went public. All shareholders their shares to the public, and in expenses, and that means—espe- were equal, and that worked fine return provided lush profit mar- cially—serious, costly news. for a while. gins during the good times of the It is no coincidence that the But when some unhappy own- 1980s and 1990s. three most admired newspapers ers of blocks of stock became But public ownership and bad in the country are protected by unhappy with profitability, they times don’t work well together. two-tiered stock ownership, forced it first to cut its costs by Now, when the newspaper indus- allowing family control rather reducing news staffs and ulti- try is going through traumatic than Wall Street bean-counting mately forced it to be sold. changes, the long view is to make the final judgments. Because there was no two-tiered required—and that is not Wall We can only hope that the ownership, it was far more vul- Street’s style. bullies from Wall Street will not nerable to pressures from Wall At the very time when news- prevail. Street. paper companies need to reinvest In the unlikely event that the in new things and shore up exist- Sulzberger family relents and ing news products, Wall Street is

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics 14 TheThe Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy

Four Kennedy School Students Selected As News21 Interns

The Carnegie-Knight Initiative Four Kennedy School students on the Future of Journalism Edu- have been selected as News21 cation is a partnership between interns this year. The interns the Carnegie Corporation of New have been assigned to work York, the John S. and James L. with teams at three of the four Knight Foundation, the director participating schools, and each of the Shorenstein Center, and team will focus its reporting on a the deans of four of the nation’s different aspect of this year’s leading journalism schools—the theme, religion. The 2007 interns Graduate School of Journalism, are Karim Bardeesy, Ben Bran- University of California at Berke- ham, John McDermott and Nik Nik Steinberg, Karim Bardeesy, ley; the Graduate School of Jour- Steinberg. Ben Branham and John McDermott nalism, ; the Kennedy School’s student news- Medill School of Journalism, Karim Bardeesy is a political sci- paper, The Citizen. Northwestern University; and ence graduate from McGill Uni- the Annenberg School of Com- versity. He has worked for the John McDermott will, with Bran- munication, University of South- office of the Minister of Finance ham, join the group at North- ern California. The initiative in Ontario and as a researcher for western. A British Fulbright aims to revitalize journalism the CBC and other Canadian scholar, he graduated with hon- education through research, cur- media outlets. At the Kennedy ors from the London School of riculum reform and an innova- School he writes for the student Economics. There he majored in tive summer internship program. newspaper and is managing edi- history and was senior editor of As part of the Carnegie-Knight tor of the school’s student-run the student newspaper. Initiative, the universities have policy journal. Bardeesy will join created News21 Incubators, the News21 team at Columbia. Nik Steinberg, a 2002 graduate of annual national investigative Dartmouth College, has worked reporting projects overseen by Ben Branham is affiliated with for a number of human rights campus professors and distributed News21’s Northwestern group. A organizations in New York City, nationally through both tradi- 2001 graduate of the University India, Kosovo and Mexico. Nik, tional and innovative media. of Illinois, he has worked for a the incoming editor-in-chief for News21 emphasizes innovative, nonprofit organization in Boston The Citizen, is headed to Califor- hands-on journalism study and and as press secretary for a city nia to work with the News21 practice. Students have the oppor- agency in New York City. Bran- team at Berkeley. tunity to create news products ham was editor-in-chief of his that are experimental in sub- high school newspaper, copyedi- All four interns are first-year stance and style for mainstream tor for the Daily Illini and is master in public policy candi- and emerging news outlets. incoming news editor for the dates at the Kennedy School. John Pomfret Wins Shorenstein Prize

On January 10, 2007, the correspondent. He is an expert Shorenstein Prize was presented on China and has spent many to John Pomfret. The prize hon- years reporting on the country. ors an American journalist or In the early 1980s Pomfret was author for his or her contribution a part of one of the first groups of to our understanding of the Far American students to study in East. It is awarded each year by China. His book, Chinese Stanford University’s Walter H. Lessons: Five Classmates and the Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Story of the New China, chroni- Research Center and Harvard’s cles his story and that of his Shorenstein Center. classmates, who were to become Pomfret, now with The Wash- powerful figures in Chinese busi- ington Post, has covered numer- ness and government. ous wars as a foreign

www.shorensteincenter.org Press/Politics The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy 15 The Center Advisory Board

Hushang Ansary Philip S. Balboni W. Lance Bennett Ann Blinkhorn David Broder Mabel Cabot Richard Cavanagh Philip Cavanaugh E. J. Dionne, Jr. Elizabeth Drew Howard Gardner Alex S. Jones, Director; Laurence M. Lombard Lecturer in Public Policy Arthur Gelb Nancy Palmer, Executive Director Loren Ghiglione Alyssa Barrett, Staff Assistant Doris Graber Roy Hammer Matthew Baum, Visiting Associate Professor of Public Policy Carole Shorenstein Hays Robert J. Blendon, Professor of Health Policy and Management Stephen Hess Nolan Bowie, Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy Ellen Hume John Carroll, Knight Visiting Lecturer Albert Hunt Marie Danziger, Lecturer in Public Policy; Director, Walter Isaacson KSG Communications Program Marion Just Alexandra Evans, Staff Assistant (Washington) Bernard Kalb James Fleming, Financial Administrator Marvin Kalb Jenn Goodman, Staff Assistant Richard Lambert Edith Holway, Fellows and Programs Administrator Nancy Hicks Maynard Maxine Isaacs, Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy Jonathan Moore Steve Jarding, Lecturer in Public Policy Dan Rather Marion Just, Associate John S. Reidy Marvin Kalb, Senior Fellow (Washington) Donald S. Rice Paul Sagan Rick Kaplan, Associate Daniel Schorr Alexander Keyssar, Matthew W. Stirling Jr. Professor of History and Social Policy Douglas Shorenstein Walter H. Shorenstein Alison Kommer, Staff Assistant Sen. Alan K. Simpson William Kristol, Lecturer in Public Policy Richard Tofel Mark McKinnon, Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy Linda Wertheimer Jonathan Moore, Associate Pippa Norris, Paul F. McGuire Lecturer in Comparative Politics (on leave) Daniel Okrent, Associate Richard Parker, Lecturer in Public Policy Thomas E. Patterson, Bradlee Professor of Government and the Press Frederick Schauer, Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment Camille Stevens, Staff Assistant Evan Thomas, Edward R. Murrow Visiting Professor of the Practice of Press and Public Policy (Fall 2006) Tezeta Tulloch, Publications Coordinator

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