Una Revisione Delle Specie Dell'area Di Distribuzione Centrale

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Una Revisione Delle Specie Dell'area Di Distribuzione Centrale Taxa SULCORESULCORE TAXA Una revisione delle specie dell’area di distribuzione centrale REBUTIAREBUTIA [IV] A revision of the species of the central distribution area W. purpurea v. santiaginiensis G216 – una grande e bella pianta con spine molto dense e diritte, lungo la strada per Laguna Grande ~ A large and beautiful plant with a very dense, por- rect spination alongside the road to Laguna Grande (WG) Text: Willi Gertel & Johan de Vries. Photos: W. Gertel (WG), Renate Gertel (RG), J. de Vries (JdV) Prefazione Preface dur sapendo che prima o poi sarebbe t took us by surprise when Hentzschel and dovuto accadere, siamo stati colti di sor- Augustin (2008) published an article trans- TAXA presa quando Hentzschel e Augustin ferring all sulcorebutias to Weingartia, al- (2008) hanno pubblicato un articolo in though we knew that this would have to be cui trasferiscono tutte le Sulcorebutia done sooner or later. This article was then Pnel genere Weingartia. In quel momento, l’arti- Ialready written and was due to be published colo che state leggendo era già stato redatto ed sometime this year. Because our article was fin- era imminente la sua pubblicazione nel 2008. Da- ished and Hentzschel’s and Augustin’s ideas basi- to che il nostro contributo era pronto e le idee di cally agree with the results of a series of DNA Augustin e Hentzschel concordavano sostanzial- analyses conducted at the University of Jena on mente con i risultati delle analisi sul DNA con- behalf of the Study Group of South American Cac- dotte all’Università di Jena per conto del gruppo ti (SSK e.V), we decided to revise the text and use di studio sulle cactacee sudamericane (SSK e.V), the new names within the genus Weingartia. We abbiamo deciso di rivedere il testo e utilizzare i have left the title as it originally stood, since this nuovi nomi nell’ambito del genere Weingartia. article is the continuation of the other previously- Abbiamo tuttavia mantenuto inalterato il titolo, published parts of the series. dato che è la continuazione degli altri articoli già pubblicati in questa serie. The first three of our series of articles (Fritz, Le prime tre parti già pubblicate (Fritz, Gertel & Gertel & de Vries 2004, Gertel & de Vries 2006 de Vries 2004, Gertel & de Vries 2006 e Gertel & and Gertel & de Vries 2007) were dedicated to de Vries 2007) erano dedicate alle Sulcorebutia the Sulcorebutias of the northern distribution degli areali di distribuzione settentrionali. In que- area. With this article we continue our revision, sta quarta parte proseguiamo la nostra revisione discussing some of the Sulcorebutias growing in trattando alcune delle Sulcorebutia che crescono the central distribution area, which is roughly nell’areale centrale di distribuzione, situato ap- located on the northern and southern borders prossimativamente ai confini nord e sud del Rio of the Rio Caine. The species we want to talk Caine. Le specie di cui ci occupiamo in questa about in this instalment are from the area puntata si trovano nella zona circostante la città around the town of Aiquile. From now on we di Aiquile. D’ora in poi le chiameremo “Weingar- will call them “Weingartia”, but we shall only be tia”, ma tratteremo soltanto le specie precedente- dealing with those species formerly called “Sul- mente denominate “Sulcorebutia”. corebutia”. 1. Weingartia mentosa (Ritter) Brandt 1.1 Weingartia mentosa (Ritter) 1.1 Weingartia mentosa (Ritter) Brandt ssp. mentosa Brandt ssp. mentosa La prima specie nota come proveniente da que- The first species known from this area is Wein- sta zona è Weingartia mentosa. Ritter trovò gartia mentosa. Ritter found these plants in queste piante nel 1958 e le descrisse sei anni 1958 and described them six years later, in 1964 dopo nel 1964 (Ritter 1964) con l’epiteto speci- (Ritter 1964), with the name “mentosa” because fico di “mentosa” perché i loro tubercoli asso- their tubercles resemble a chin. Ritter mentioned migliano a un mento. Nella sua descrizione Rit- only brown to black spined plants in his descrip- ter cita solo piante con spine di colore variabile tion, which is a little surprising, since at most dal marrone al nero, fatto un pò sorprendente known habitats of W. mentosa there is a mixture dato che nella maggior parte degli habitat noti of dark-spined plants as well as some with yellow di W. mentosa si trovano tanto piante con spine spines. It depends on the individual habitats scure che esemplari a spine gialle. La predomi- themselves whether dark- or light-spined plants nanza delle une o delle altre dipende solo dalle are predominant: at Ritter’s assumed type loca- caratteristiche degli habitat: nella località tipo tion south of Aiquile, mostly dark-spined W. men- individuata da Ritter a sud di Aiquile si trovano tosa are found. One of us (Gertel) spent almost soprattutto esemplari a spine scure. Uno di noi half a day at this location in 1983 and discovered (Gertel) ha trascorso quasi mezza giornata in a small spot where many yellow-spined plants questa località nel 1983 e ha scoperto un sito (G18a) were found, surrounded by dark-spined ove si trovano molte piante a spine gialle ones (G18). Also, de Vries found some yellow- (G18a) circondate da esemplari a spine scure spined W. mentosa (VZ16) among the mostly (G18). Inoltre, De Vries ha individuato nella dark-spined plants in that area and has found that medesima zona alcune W. mentosa a spine gial- there were always some yellow-spined plants le (VZ16) in mezzo alle predominanti piante a when he sowed seeds harvested there. A few 239 CACTUS & Co. 4 (12) 2008 A sinistra ~ Left: W. mentosa v. mentosa G18 – una pianta a spine gialle e una a spine scure in habitat ~ a yellow and a dark spined plant in habitat (WG) Sotto a sinistra ~ Below left: W. mentosa v. mentosa G18 – la forma “normale” a spine brune ~ the “normal” form with brown- ish spines (WG) In basso a sinistra ~ Bottom left: W. mentosa v. mentosa G18a a spine gialle ~ with yellow spines (WG) In basso a destra ~ Bottom right: W. mentosa v. mentosa HS48 con spine brune e fiore bianco ~ having brown spines and a pure white flower (JdV) 4 (12) 2008 CACTUS & Co. 240 W. mentosa v. mentosa HS48 con spine gialle e fiori bianchi ~ with yellow spines and white flowers (WG) Sotto ~ Below: W. mentosa v. mentosa R277 a fiori bianchi ~ with white flowers (JdV) Sopra a destra ~ Above right: W. mentosa v. mentosa VZ 16 con graziosi fiori rosa ~ with beautiful pink flowers (JdV) W. mentosa v. mentosa R277 – la forma a spine gialle da Orhko Abuelo ~ the yellow spined form from Orhko Abuelo (WG) 241 TAXA spine scure, e ha inoltre verificato che, tra i se- years after Ritter, Rausch climbed the Orkho menzali nati da semi prelevati in quella località, Abuelo, a characteristic mountain 8 km north- ce ne sono sempre alcuni a spine gialle. Qual- west of Aiquile, where he reported finding only che anno dopo Ritter, Rausch salì sull’Orkho yellow-spined plants (R277) which he described Abuelo, un caratteristico monte 8 km a nord- (Rausch 1970) as Sulcorebutia flavissima Rausch ovest di Aiquile, dove riferì di aver trovato solo because of those yellow spines. Over the last 20 piante a spine gialle (R277), che per questa ra- years numerous people have visited Aiquile and gione descrisse (Rausch 1970) col nome di Sul- discovered many places in the vicinity of this corebutia flavissima Rausch. Negli ultimi town where this type of Weingartias can be found. vent’anni diversi studiosi hanno visitato Aiquile So we know now that W. mentosa can always be e scoperto nei suoi dintorni molti siti dove si found with different colours of spination, ranging può trovare questo tipo di Weingartia. Quindi from almost black to yellow with all kinds of dif- ora sappiamo che W. mentosa può presentare ferent shades of brown, brownish, or amber. Au- spine di diversa colorazione che vanno dal qua- gustin, Gertel and Hentzschel (2000) described si nero al giallo con tutte le possibili sfumature several such places in detail. The colour of the intermedie di marrone, marroncino o ambra. flowers, on all varieties of this species, only varies Augustin, Gertel e Hentzschel (2000) hanno de- slightly from pink to a light violet, and the flowers scritto diverse di queste località in dettaglio. In are often very large. Some brownish- or yellow- tutte le varianti di questa specie, il colore dei spined HS48 and R277 plants are known with fiori cambia pochissimo, dal rosa al violetto, e i white flowers. fiori sono spesso piuttosto grandi. Sono note al- cune piante a spine gialle o marroni (HS48 e The same range of colours of the spines can al- RS277) che presentano un fiore bianco. so be found at several locations to the west of Aiquile. The difference between W. mentosa var. La stessa gamma di colori delle spine si può tro- mentosa and the variety swobodae (Augustin) vare in diverse località a ovest di Aiquile. La diffe- Hentzschel & Augustin lies in the shape and renza tra W. mentosa var. mentosa e la varietà number of spines. While W. mentosa var. men- swobodae (Augustin) Hentzschel & Augustin con- tosa has relatively few (up to 20) rather stiff and siste nella forma e nel numero delle spine. Men- very prickly spines which usually stick straight tre W. mentosa var. mentosa ha relativamente po- up from the areoles like pins (there are also che spine (fino a 20) rigide e pungenti che solita- forms with adpressed spines), those of W. men- mente spuntano dalle areole dritte come spilli (ci tosa var.
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