20 Years Ago in the Rnj

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

20 Years Ago in the Rnj Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation Volume 22 Issue 2 October Article 17 2008 20 YEARS AGO IN THE RNJ Follow this and additional works at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj Part of the History of the Pacific Islands Commons, and the Pacific Islands Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation (2008) "20 YEARS AGO IN THE RNJ," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. 22 : Iss. 2 , Article 17. Available at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj/vol22/iss2/17 This Commentary or Dialogue is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Hawai`i Press at Kahualike. It has been accepted for inclusion in Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation by an authorized editor of Kahualike. For more information, please contact [email protected]. et al.: 20 YEARS AGO IN THE RNJ Rapa Nui Journal • Vol. 22, NO.2· October 2008 Loxton, Daniel PUBLICATIONS "Easter Island" in "Ancient Aliens (Part 2 of2)" - Skeptic 13(4):82-83 (2008). Azizi G. & J.R. Flenley Mann, Daniel; James Edwards; Julie Chase; et al. "The Last Glacial Maximum Climatic Conditions on Easter Island" ­ "Drought, Vegetation Ghange, and Human History on Rapa Nui (Isla de QuaternOlY International 184: 166-176 (2008). Pascua, Easter Island)" - Quaterl/clIY Research 69: 16-28 (2008). Blumberg, Jess. Melka, Tomi S. "Easter Island" - Smithsonian (January 2008). "Structural Observations Regarding RongoRongo Tablet 'Keiti"'­ Bettocchi, Lorena Cryptologia 32: 155-179 (2008). "Les Pierres de l'lle de Paques Gravees d'Ecritures" - Tahiti Pacifique Montenegro, Alvaro; Chris Avis; & Andrew Weaver 18(202):30-34 (2008) [in French]. "Modelling the Prehistoric Arrival ofthe Sweet Potato in Polynesia"­ Bulletin ofthe fndo-Pacijic hehistOly Association Vol. 28: Papers from the Journal o/Archaeological Science 35(2):355-367 (2008). Manila Congress - Canberra: Australian National University, 2008. Parker, Philip M. (ed.) Cauwe, N. Webster's Rapa Nui - English Thesaurus DictionOlY - Icon Publishing, "lie de paques. Vers une Nouvelle Histoire" - Arc/1I!010gia 454(4):34-51 2008. (2008). Webster's English to Rapa Nui Crossword Puzzles: Level I -leon Cole, Anthony & John Flenley Publishing, 2005. "Modelling I-Iuman Population Change on Easter Island Far-From­ Pauly, Stephanie & Karlo Huke Atan Equilibrium" - QuaternCIIJ' International 184: 150-165 (2008). Ara 0 te Vanana / Kohau Kimi Rave 'a (Phrasebook / Dictionary) ­ Fitzpatrick, Scott M. & Richard Callaghan Comercial 3G SA, 2008. "Magellan's Crossing of the Pacific: Using Computer Simulations to Powell, Eric A. Examine Oceanographic Effects on One ofthe World's Greatest "Do Civilizations Really Collapse?" - Archaeology 61 (2): 18,20,56 Voyages" - Journal o/Pacific HistOlY 43(2): 145-165 (2008). (2008). Friedlaender, J.S.; F.R. Friedlaender; F.A Reed, et al. "Polynesian Chicken Bone" - Archaeology 61 (I ):26 (2008). "The Genetic Stmcture of Pacific Islanders" - PLoS Genetics Rolett, Barry V. (www.plosgenetics.org) 4( I):0 173-0 190 (2008). "Avoiding Collapse: Pre-European Sustainability on Pacific Islands"­ Daude, Jean-Herve Quaternary International 184:4-10 (2008). Easter f.~/and, The Losl Forest - self-published, 2008. Rudzinoff, Laurance Mega el Niiio et Deforestation de I'fIe de Pciques - self-published, 2008. "Rapa Nui Aussi A Paris - Tahiti Pacijique 18(207):39 (2008). Hiquily, Tara (ed.) Sherman, Mark (ed.) Va 'a. La Pirogue Polynesienne - Editions Au Vent des lles, Tahiti, Bulletin ofthe International String Figure Association - Vol. 14. (This 2008. issue contains reports fi'om Papua New Guinea, Fanning Island, Holden, Constance and the Philippines, as well as from the Navajo.) "Polynesians Took the Express Train Through Melanesia to the Pacific" Smith, Roff - Science 319(5861 ):270 (2008). "Beyond the Blue Horizon: How Ancient Voyagers Settled the Far­ Horrocks, Mark & Joan A. Wozniak Flung Islands of the Pacific" - Nalional Geographic 213(3): 106­ "Plant Microfossil Analysis Reveals Disturbed Forest and a Mixed­ 123 (2008). Crop, Dryland Production System at Te Niu, Easter Island"­ Journal 0/Archaeological Science 35(1): 126-142 (2008). See also NEWPACIFIC PUBLICATIONS on page J55. 20 YEARS AGO IN THE RNJ Roa. One island source states that at Hanga Reva (between Akahanga and Vaihu), the bikers turned inland and passed through Vaitea on towards Rano Aroi, returning by Ahu Akivi THE GREAT MOTORCYCLE RALLY OF 1988 and Tepeu and back down the west coast to Hanga Roa. How­ According to reports received from a number of islanders ever, a Chilean official gave assurances that the participants and printed in at least two opposition newspapers and one stayed on public roads at all times. opposition magazine, on The newspaper El Epoca repOIted that the president of the September 9 a motorcycle rally Chilean Instituto de Ecologia, Mauricio Bravo, has spoken out took place on Easter Island. in protest against the "Rally Enduro Rapa Nui". It is Reports agree that from SO to 60 understood that (privately) several conservation groups in of these machines participated as Chile and elsewhere and a number ofconcemed individuals part of the centelmial celebration have been in touch with Chilean authorities, and they have of Chile's taking possession of the made known their intense disappointment that such a island. potentially destructive event could have taken place in this It is still not clear exactly unique open air museum. One person compared having a where the course was laid out. motorcycle rally on Easter Island to putting a discotheque in There seems to be general agree­ the British Museum or a roller rink in the Louvre. ment that the route took the First reports indicate that there was no significant damage, motorcyclists from Hanga Roa up but the article in La Epoca quotes the lnstihlto de Ecologia as the west coast through the Tahai saying that generally, "these competitions are damaging zones area, around the NOIth Cape, by Hanga Oteo and Papa Te ofecological value". If further reliable information comes in, Kena to Anakena. Afterwards they continued along the public RNJwill carry it in a future issue. road, hlmed into the Rano Raraku area, and retumed to Hanga Published by Kahualike, 2008 1.
Recommended publications
  • Easter Island
    Birdman or Birdbrain About the Show When The Book pages transform into rongorongo script, Freddi, Samantha, and Fred transport back to 1765 to Rapa Nui (a.k.a. Easter Island) and face to face with a 15-ton moai! It’s just another day at Curriculum Connections the beach as the trio jump off cliffs, swim through shark infested • ancient civilizations waters to the Birdman’s Island (Motu Nui), oh, and try to find The Book • archeology • Easter Island along the way! Subject Areas Introduction • language arts • social studies Historical mysteries are a sure-fire way to get students interested in the past. Studying the origins and meaning of the giant stone statues of Rapa Nui give students a wonderful opportunity to delve into a civilization that remains an enigma. Historical Background Rapa Nui, an island in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Chile, is more than 1,000 miles away from the nearest inhabited island, Pitcairn Island. Rapa Nui received the name Easter Island from Admiral Jacob Roggeveen, who sailed a trade ship for the Dutch West India Company. He landed on the island on Easter Day, 1722, and named it in honor of the holiday. It is now a Chilean territory. A mere 66 square miles, Rapa Nui was inhabited for thousands of years by Polynesians who raised crops, built houses, and worshipped gods in nearly complete isolation from the rest of the world. They also created enormous stone statues, moai, that still stand. These statues are thought to honor sacred chiefs and gods and may have emerged out of friendly competitions between groups of craftsmen.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza­ Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Moai of Easter Island: a Quest for Ideal Proportions Paul Horley Chernivsi National University, Ukraine
    Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation Volume 20 | Issue 1 Article 6 2006 Moai of Easter Island: A Quest for Ideal Proportions Paul Horley Chernivsi National University, Ukraine Follow this and additional works at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj Part of the History of the Pacific slI ands Commons, and the Pacific slI ands Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Horley, Paul (2006) "Moai of Easter Island: A Quest for Ideal Proportions," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. 20 : Iss. 1 , Article 6. Available at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj/vol20/iss1/6 This Research Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Hawai`i Press at Kahualike. It has been accepted for inclusion in Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation by an authorized editor of Kahualike. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Horley: Moai of Easter Island MOAI OF EASTER ISLAND: A QUEST FOR IDEAL PROPORTIONS Paul Horley Chernivsi National University, Ukraine HE MONOLITHIC SCULPT RE OF Ea ter I land is a key A we know, the head, in general, composes 1/3-1/2 Ta pect of its unique cultural heritage. Moai played a very (i.e. 0.33-0.5) of the total height of the moai (Van Tilburg important role in the prehistoric Rapanui society. The cere­ 1994: 131); other ource report the proportionality coeffi­ monial platfonns adorned with the stone giants were sacred cient 2/5 = 0.4 (Skj01 voId 1961 :346) and 3/7 = 0.429 places where the supernatural world met the world of hu­ (Metraux 1940:293).
    [Show full text]
  • Chile and Argentina Easter Island Ext Feb2022 Updatedjun2020
    E CHE SEM A N CHEESEMANS’ ECOLOGY SAFARIS E S C 2059 Camden Ave. #419 ’ O San Jose, CA 95124 USA L (800) 527-5330 (408) 741-5330 O G [email protected] Y S cheesemans.com A FA RIS Easter Island Extension Mysterious Moai February 23 to 28, 2022 Moai © Far South Expeditions EXTENSION OVERVIEW Join us on an exciting extension where you’ll stroll amongst the monolithic moai statues of Easter Island, carved from basalt lava by Polynesian settlers centuries ago. Visit abandoned settlements, explore ceremonial centers, and take a boat ride for a different perspective of the island, where you might see petroglyphs painted high on the cliffs above. Come along for an unforgettable journey of exploration into the history of Easter Island (Rapa Nui). HIGHLIGHTS • Learn about Easter Island’s moai statues and the tangata manu competition where rulership of Easter Island was defined through a ritual race for a bird egg. TRIP OPTION: This is a post-trip extension to our Chile and Argentina trip from February 11 to 24, 2022 (http://cheesemans.com/trips/chile-argentina-feb2022). Cheesemans’ Ecology Safaris Page 1 of 6 Updated: June 2020 LEADER: Josefina ‘Josie’ Nahoe Mulloy. DAYS: Adds 3 days to the main trip to total 17 days, including estimated travel time. GROUP SIZE: 8 (minimum of 4 required). COST: $2,230 per person, double occupancy, not including airfare, singles extra. See the Costs section on page 4. Date Description Accommodation Meals Feb 23 Fly from Punta Arenas to Santiago from our Chile Santiago Airport D and Argentina trip.
    [Show full text]
  • Explora Rapa Nui І Trekkings
    RAPA NUI Explorations explora Rapa Nui І Trekkings T2 Ara O Te Moai The Moai quarry T3 Mahatua Ovahe The fifteen Type: Half day Moai Duration: 3 h Type: Half day Distance: 4,5 km / 2,7 miles Duration: 3 h 30 min Ascent: 65 meters / 208 feet Distance: 6 km / 3,6 miles Description: We leave the hotel by Ascent: 10 meters / 32 feet van towards Hanga Te Tenga, where Description: We leave the hotel TREKKINGS we visit a group of moais that were by van towards Ahu Tongariki, a abandoned during their transport. platform with 15 fully preserved We then walk along the Ara O Te moais. This platform, or Ahu, Our hikes have been designed for travelers Moai, a trail that was used by the is the island’s largest and on its with different interests and abilities. They Rapa Nui people to transport moais. ground floor we will be able to spot vary in length and difficulty, which is Here we will spot some statues that some stone petroglyphs. We then why we recommend you always seek our were abandoned as they were being border the coastline and admire guides’ advice when deciding if a particular transported and others that were panoramic views of the ocean’s exploration suits you. simply never finished. Then we will shifting blue and turquoise colors, reach Ranu Raraku National Park, fishing coves with local inhabitants, the quarry where all these statues and numerous archaeological sites. were carved, and we will enter the Finally we will walk to Ovahe, a Easy crater.
    [Show full text]
  • When the Earth Trembled, the Statues Fell Edmundo Edwards
    Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation Volume 10 Article 1 Issue 1 March 1996 1996 When the Earth Trembled, the Statues Fell Edmundo Edwards Raul Marchetti Follow this and additional works at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj Part of the History of the Pacific slI ands Commons, and the Pacific slI ands Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Edwards, Edmundo and Marchetti, Raul (1996) "When the Earth Trembled, the Statues Fell," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. 10 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj/vol10/iss1/1 This Research Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Hawai`i Press at Kahualike. It has been accepted for inclusion in Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation by an authorized editor of Kahualike. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Edwards and Marchetti: When the Earth Trembled, the Statues Fell When the Earth Trembled, the Statues Fell Edmundo Edwards, Raul Marchetti, Leopoldo Dominichelti and Oscar Gonzales-Ferran On July 8, 1987 at II: 50: 14.9, Easter Island experienced topknot. He thought this event could have occurred "perhaps a major earthquake with a magnitude of Ms=6.3, succeeded by an earthquake" (Forster 1982: 465). Assumptions that by several tremors \ hich measured up to Ms=5.9. The some kind of volcanic catastrophe could ha e been the cause epicenter was located at 26.999 south latitude and 108.285 for the toppling ofthe statues was later adopted by A.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Settlement Ofrapa Nui (Easter Island)
    Early Settlement ofRapa Nui (Easter Island) HELENE MARTINSSON-WALLIN AND SUSAN J. CROCKFORD RAPA NUl, THE SMALL REMOTE ISLAND that constitutes the easternmost corner of the Polynesian triangle, was found and populated long before the Europeans "discovered" this part ofthe world in 1722. The long-standing questions concern­ ing this remarkable island are: who were the first to populate the island, at what time was it populated, and did the Rapa Nui population and development on the island result from a single voyage? Over the years there has been much discussion, speculation, and new scientific results concerning these questions. This has resulted in several conferences and numerous scientific and popular papers and monographs. The aim ofthis paper is to present the contemporary views on these issues, drawn from the results of the last 45 years of archaeological research on the island (Fig. 1), and to describe recent fieldwork that Martinsson-Wallin completed on Rapa Nui. Results from the Norwegian Archaeological Expedition to Rapa Nui in 1955­ 1956 suggest that the island was populated as early as c. A.D. 400 (Heyerdahl and Ferdon 1961: 395). This conclusion was drawn from a single radiocarbon date. This dated carbon sample (K-502) was found in association with the so-called Poike ditch on the east side of the island. The sample derived from a carbon con­ centration on the natural surface, which had been covered by soil when the ditch was dug. The investigator writes the following: There is no evidence to indicate that the fire from which the carbon was derived actually burned at the spot where the charcoal occurred, but it is clear that it was on the surface of the ground at the time the first loads of earth were carried out of the ditch and deposited over it.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapa Nui Journal 2#3 Fall 1988
    Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation Volume 2 Article 1 Issue 3 Rapa Nui Journal, Fall 2988 1988 Rapa Nui Journal 2#3 Fall 1988 Follow this and additional works at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj Part of the History of the Pacific slI ands Commons, and the Pacific slI ands Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation (1988) "Rapa Nui Journal 2#3 Fall 1988," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. 2 : Iss. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj/vol2/iss3/1 This Research Report is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Hawai`i Press at Kahualike. It has been accepted for inclusion in Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation by an authorized editor of Kahualike. For more information, please contact [email protected]. et al.: Rapa Nui Journal 2#3 Fall 1988 the premier source for current Easter Island events and scientific studies... Special Conservation and Preservation Issue ................................................................................................................................................... .•• ••·••••• g~6ig~~e~;~~~p .•••·.·.: On Other Islands... THE DESTRUCTION .. ··r;iihti~heflC&er.a[FditOr . .•.•• Hxliritiiv~~tlf~k~{· TROUBLE IN PARADISE WROUGHT .... ··············)(EdiiM>·..······ .. PROBLEMS IN POLYNESIAN ROCK ART BY TOURISM ka~·jJJij~J~~;i·~.~·i~~~~~ CONSERVATION ...••••··•••••• •••• A Preliminary Field Report J. Douglas Porteous • tulti~naliie~s1(ift.;.pUbiish~f •four 9mesaYear£6dheJ)eri~ from the 1988 Lana'i Rock Art Project In my bookThe Modernization o/EasterIsland fifoE those interestediliEaster This year's August-September project to rec­ · Island ari~rolYri~~Ul. ........•............ (porteous 1981), I note that academic interest in ord the rock art of Lana'i, Hawai'i specifically Rapanui has overwhelmingly concentrated upon ti~1~j;JJf6~~~~~7~:~4:n;::· .
    [Show full text]
  • 214. Moai on Platform (Ahu). Rapa Nui (Easter Island). C. 1100-1600 C.E
    214. Moai on platform (ahu). Rapa Nui (Easter Island). C. 1100-1600 C.E. Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base Article at Khan Academy Easter Island is famous for its stone statues of human figures, known as moai (meaning “statue”). The island is known to its inhabitants as Rapa Nui. The moai were probably carved to commemorate important ancestors around 887 moai they stood, backs to the sea, keeping watch over the island. some of the eyes sockets were originally inlaid with red stone and coral and at least some of the sculpture was painted with red and white designs Around 1500 C.E. the practice of constructing moai peaked, and from around 1600 C.E. statues began to be toppled, sporadically. The island’s fragile ecosystem had been pushed beyond what was sustainable. Over time only sea birds remained, nesting on safer offshore rocks and islands. As these changes occurred, so too did the Rapanui religion alter—to the birdman religion. Abandoned - the loss of confidence in the efficacy of the ancestors after the deforestation and ecological collapse, and most recently a theory concerning the introduction of rats, which may have ultimately led to famine and conflict. After 1838 at a time of social collapse following European intervention, the remaining standing moai were toppled Nearly half are still at Rano Raraku, the main moai quarry, but hundreds were transported from there and set on stone platforms called ahu around the island's perimeter. Almost all moai have overly large heads three-eighths the size of the whole statue. The
    [Show full text]
  • Terrestrial Laser Scanning for the Documentation of Archaeological Objects and Sites on Easter Island
    Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, CAA2010 F. Contreras, M. Farjas and F.J. Melero (eds.) Terrestrial Laser Scanning for the Documentation of Archaeological Objects and Sites on Easter Island Kersten, Th.1, Lindstaedt, M.1, Mechelke, K.2, Vogt, B.3 1 HafenCity University Hamburg, Photogrammetry & Laserscanning Lab, Germany 2 HafenCity University Hamburg, Geodetic Lab, Germany 3 German Archaeological Institute, Commission for the Archaeology of Extra-European Cultures, Bonn, Germany {thomas.kersten, maren.lindstaedt, klaus.mechelke}@hcu-hamburg.de, [email protected] Since 2007, the Photogrammetry & Laser Scanning Lab of the HafenCity University Hamburg (HCU) started the documentation of the Moai and of archaeological excavation sites on Easter Island (Chile) by terrestrial laser scan ­ ning in cooperation with the German Archaeological Institute (DAI), Bonn. Although, the Moai have been protected as UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Cultural Heritage monu­ ments since 1995, the island’s huge volcanic rock statues are increasingly at risk of damage by exposure to wind and weather or by human vandalism. The recording of all reconstructed statues by terrestrial laser scanning, the modelling into meshed 3D models and the texture mapping using high-resolution imagery are described in this pa­ per. Furthermore, tests for deformation analysis by 3D comparison of selected Moai were carried out and the first results are presented.
    [Show full text]
  • The Spiders (Araneae) of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) by Leon BAERT, Pekka LEHTINEN and Konjev DESENDER
    -- I BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE ENTOMOLOGIE, 67: 9-32, 1997 BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN ENTOMOLOGIE, 67: 9-32, 1997 The spiders (Araneae) of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) by Leon BAERT, Pekka LEHTINEN and Konjev DESENDER Abstract totally altered. Most of its surface is now covered by grassland, where horses and cows run free, and by A checklist is given of the spider fauna of Easter island (Rapa a few small to large Eucalyptus globosus plantations Nui) resulting from the sampling campaigns of the authors, (northern flank of Rano Kao, neighbourhood of Vaitea together with the results of a few other samplings. The 36 and summit crater ofPoike). The whole island is scattered species mentioned are all anthropochorous and must have been with lava rocks of different sizes, mostly as the result of introduced by man since they first arrived on the island and ancient volcanic activity but also as a result of the ''civil'' more especially during the frequent visits over the last decades. war that occurred between 1834 and 1866, during which The only exception is the endemic species Tetragnatha paschae the Berland, 1924, not recorded again since 1924 and which may be the walls (errected with those lava rocks) bordering now extinct. The origin of each species is given. Distribution territories of the several clans were destroyed together maps are given for the 26 species found during our extensive with the overthrow of the moai-statues. A more detailed sampling campaign of 1993. The detailed sampling records are description of the geological origin of the island, its given for each species.
    [Show full text]
  • Easter Island - Lima, Peru Combo
    Easter Island - Lima, Peru Combo Fri: Depart for Lima, Peru with late evening arrival. You will be met by a local representative at the airport and transferred to your hotel for the night. Overnight at Casa Andina Classic in Miraflores. Sat: You have the morning to rest after your late arrival in Lima last night. This afternoon, you’ll have a guided city tour of Lima with stops at the Inquisition Museum, San Francisco Convent, and Larco Herrera Museum. Lima was founded in 1535 and in a short period of time became the most important city in the Americas. Today, there are almost nine million inhabitants, and the city shelters immigrants from all corners of the globe, which has transformed it into a true cultural and ethnic meting pot. Lima’s historic centre is considered by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage site. Since your flight to Easter Island is late in the evening, you have a day room at Casa Andina available for use until your transfer to the airport. Transfer to the airport this evening in time for your overnight flight to Easter Island. (B) Sun: Upon arrival, you are greeted with the traditional flower necklace and transferred the short distance to the Hotel Otai where you'll check in to superior rooms for your stay on the island. Pre- booking of room allows you to check in upon arrival so you can rest after the overnight flight. This afternoon you’ll have a private guided boat tour of 3 Motus (subject to weather conditions). Overnight at Hotel Otai.
    [Show full text]