Tenth Meeting of the GEBCO Sub-Committee on Geographical Names and Nomenclature of Ocean Bottom Features
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9. Small-Scale Shallow-Water Carbonate Sequences of Resolution Guyot (Sites 866, 867, and 868)1
Winterer, E.L., Sager, W.W., Firth, J.V., and Sinton, J.M. (Eds.), 1995 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 143 9. SMALL-SCALE SHALLOW-WATER CARBONATE SEQUENCES OF RESOLUTION GUYOT (SITES 866, 867, AND 868)1 Andre Strasser,2 Hubert Arnaud,3 François Baudin,4 and Ursula Röhl5 ABSTRACT The Hauteri vian to upper Albian carbonate sediments drilled on Resolution Guyot are all of shallow-water origin. The volcanic basement is covered by dolomitized oolitic and oncolitic grainstones of an inner-ramp setting. At 1400 m below seafloor (mbsf), they pass into peritidal facies punctuated by small coral and mdist bioherms and by beach sediments. Oolites dominate between 790 and 680 mbsf. The upper part of the guyot (from 680 mbsf up to the phosphate-iron-manganese crust capping the Cretaceous platform) is composed of lagoonal carbonates exhibiting some calcrete horizons. The material collected from Holes 867B and 868A implies that the platform was rimmed by barrier islands and storm beaches, and that reefs (rudists and sponges) were of minor importance. This is in contrast to modern atolls, where reefs are the major rim builders. In the late Albian, the platform was subaerially exposed and karstified, then drowned. Although average recovery was low (15.4% for Hole 866A, 29.2% for 867B, 46.3% for 868A), the cored material clearly shows that the sedimentary record is composed of small, meter-scale sequences. They are especially well developed in platform- interior, lagoonal-peritidal settings, where facies evolution indicates cyclic deepening and shallowing of the depositional environ- ment. -
Appendix 2. the Mystery of Guyot Formation and Sinking
Appendix 2 The Mystery of Guyot Formation and Sinking Origin of Guyots Unknown In 1946, geologist Harry Hess was the first geologist to describe guyots (flat-topped seamount).1 Since then, the number of guyots has become numerous. Resolution Guyot in the Mid-Pacific Mountains that was studied in the 1990s by the Deep Sea Drilling Project2 is a typical guyot. Figure A2.1 shows the silhouette. Ever since Hess’s time, the cause of the flat top has eluded explanation.3 Winterer and Met- Figure A2.1. Silhouette of Resolution Guyot zler maintain: “Since Hess first recognized them in the Mid-Pacific Mountains (drawn by Mrs. Melanie Richard). in 1946, the origin of flat-topped seamounts, or guyots, has remained one of the most persistent problems in marine geology.”4 Since guyots are believed to have been truncated near sea level, there are two suggested subsid- ence mechanisms used to explain why they are now found well below sea level. But some guyots must have become flat well below sea level. Not All Guyots Eroded At Sea Level Many scientists have simply assumed that the flat top of a guyot was eroded at or near sea level.5,6 ‘This has been challenged by a few marine geologists.’7,8 For instance, a number of guyots near the East Pacific Rise have been attributed to the infilling of calderas by small lava flows well below sea level.9,10,11,12 “But, these guyots are small 1 Hess, H.H., 1946. Drowned ancient islands of the Pacific Basin. American Journal of Science 244:772–791. -
Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems – Processes and Practices in the High Seas Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems Processes and Practices in the High Seas
ISSN 2070-7010 FAO 595 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL PAPER 595 Vulnerable marine ecosystems – Processes and practices in the high seas Vulnerable marine ecosystems Processes and practices in the high seas This publication, Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: processes and practices in the high seas, provides regional fisheries management bodies, States, and other interested parties with a summary of existing regional measures to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts caused by deep-sea fisheries using bottom contact gears in the high seas. This publication compiles and summarizes information on the processes and practices of the regional fishery management bodies, with mandates to manage deep-sea fisheries in the high seas, to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems. ISBN 978-92-5-109340-5 ISSN 2070-7010 FAO 9 789251 093405 I5952E/2/03.17 Cover photo credits: Photo descriptions clockwise from top-left: Acanthagorgia spp., Paragorgia arborea, Vase sponges (images courtesy of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada); and Callogorgia spp. (image courtesy of Kirsty Kemp, the Zoological Society of London). FAO FISHERIES AND Vulnerable marine ecosystems AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL Processes and practices in the high seas PAPER 595 Edited by Anthony Thompson FAO Consultant Rome, Italy Jessica Sanders Fisheries Officer FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy Merete Tandstad Fisheries Resources Officer FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy Fabio Carocci Fishery Information Assistant FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy and Jessica Fuller FAO Consultant Rome, Italy FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2016 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Ceduna 3D Marine Seismic Survey, Great Australian Bight
Referral of proposed action Project title: Ceduna 3D Marine Seismic Survey, Great Australian Bight 1 Summary of proposed action 1.1 Short description BP Exploration (Alpha) Limited (BP) proposes to undertake the Ceduna three-dimensional (3D) marine seismic survey across petroleum exploration permits EPP 37, EPP 38, EPP 39 and EPP 40 located in the Great Australian Bight (GAB). The proposed survey area is located in Commonwealth marine waters of the Ceduna sub-basin, between 1000 m and 3000 m deep, and is about 400 km west of Port Lincoln and 300 km southwest of Ceduna in South Australia. The proposed seismic survey is scheduled to commence no earlier than October 2011 and to conclude no later than end of May 2012. The survey is expected to take approximately six months to complete allowing for typical weather downtime. Outside this time window, metocean conditions become unsuitable for 3D seismic operations. The survey will be conducted by a specialist seismic survey vessel towing a dual seismic source array and 12 streamers, each 8,100 m long. 1.2 Latitude and longitude The proposed survey area is shown in Figure 1 with boundary coordinates provided in Table 1. Table 1. Boundary coordinates for the proposed survey area (GDA94) Point Latitude Longitude 1 35°22'15.815"S 130°48'50.107"E 2 35°11'50.810"S 131°02'16.061"E 3 35°02'37.061"S 131°02'15.972"E 4 35°24'55.520"S 131°30'41.981"E 5 35°14'38.653"S 131°42'16.982"E 6 35°00'47.460"S 131°41'40.052"E 7 34°30'09.196"S 131°02'44.991"E 8 34°06'27.572"S 131°02'11.557"E 9 33°41'24.007"S 130°31'04.931"E 10 33°41'25.575"S 130°15'22.936"E 11 34°08'47.552"S 130°12'34.972"E 12 34°09'16.169"S 129°41'03.591"E 13 34°18'22.970"S 129°29'32.951"E BP Ceduna 3D MSS Referral Page 1 of 48 1.3 Locality and property description The proposed seismic survey will take place in the permit areas for EPP 37, EPP 38, EPP 39 and EPP 40. -
Volume 144 Index
Index to Volume 144 INDEX TO VOLUME 144 This index provides coverage for both the Initial Reports and Scientific Results portions of Volume 144 of the Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Refer- ences to page numbers in the Initial Reports are preceded by “A” with a colon (A:), and to those in the Scientific Results (this book), by “B” with a colon (B:). In addi- tion, reference to material on CD-ROM is shown as “bp:CD-ROM.” The index was prepared by Earth Systems, under subcontract to the Ocean Drill- ing Program. The index contains two hierarchies of entries: (1) a main entry, defined as a keyword or concept followed by a reference to the page on which that word or concept appears, and (2) a subentry, defined as an elaboration on the main entry fol- lowed by a page reference. The index is presented in two parts: (1) a Subject Index and (2) a Taxonomic Index. Both parts cover text, figures, and tables but not core-description forms (“barrel sheets”), core photographs, smear-slide data, or thin-section descriptions; these are given in the Initial Reports. Also excluded from the index are biblio- graphic references, names of individuals, and routine front and back matter. The Subject Index follows a standard format. Geographic, geologic, and other terms are referenced only if they are subjects of discussion. This index also includes broad fossil groups such as nannofossils and radiolarians. A site chapter in the Ini- tial Reports is considered the principal reference for that site and is indicated on the first line of the site’s listing in the index. -
IODP-Industry Science Program Planning Committee Meeting
IODP-Industry Science Program Planning Committee Meeting Minutes 19-20 January, 2007 Houston, USA IIS-PPG Attendees: Richard Davies, Richard.Davies at durham.ac.uk, IIS-PPG Harry Doust, harrydoust at hotmail.com , IIS-PPG Andrew Pepper, apepper at hess.com, IIS-PPG (Host) Martin Perlmutter, mperlmutter at chevron.com, IIS-PPG Kurt Rudolph, kurt.w.rudolph at exxonmobil.com, IIS-PPG Ralph Stephen, rstephen at whoi.edu, IIS-PPG (Chair) Osamu Takano: takano-o at japex.co.jp, alternate for Yasuhiro Yamada: yama at electra.kumst.kyoto-u.ac.jp Yoshihiro Tsuji ,tsuji-yoshihiro at jogmec.go.jp, IIS-PPG Ex-Officio Attendees: Keir Becker, kbecker at rsmas.miami.edu , SPC Nobu Eguchi, science at iodp-mi-sapporo.org, IODP-MI Manik Talwani, mtalwani at iodp.org, IODP-MI Guests (*1st day only): *Michael Grecco, mgrecco at chevron.com - RPSEA *John Hopper, hopper at geo.tamu.edu, - Lead-PI on the Rifted Margins Mission Proposal Young-Joo Lee, yjl at kigam.re.kr , Petroleum and Marine Resources Research Div., Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) *Harm van Avendonk, harm at ig.utexas.edu - Lead-PI on BESACM Proposal IIS-PPG Regrets: Didier-Hubert Drapeau, didier-hubert.drapeau at totalfinaelf.com, IIS-PPG David Roberts, d.g.roberts at dsl.pipex.com, IIS-PPG Eugene Shinn, eshinn at usgs.gov, IIS-PPG Executive Summary This was the second meeting of the IODP/Industry Science Project Planning Group. To promote development of industry related drilling proposals, to facilitate communication, and to develop effective links between academic and industry scientists, we generated eight consensus statements at the meeting: IIS-PPG Consensus 0701-1: IISPPG is promoting the submission of two projects for the April 1/07 proposal deadline: 1) A South Atlantic rifted margins project which will be included in a rifted margins mission proposal. -
Ocean Drilling Program Initial Reports Volume
Winterer, E.L., Sager, W.W., Firth, J.V., and Sinton, J.M. (Eds.), 1995 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 143 30. SEDIMENT FACIES AND ENVIRONMENTS OF DEPOSITION ON CRETACEOUS PACIFIC CARBONATE PLATFORMS: AN OVERVIEW OF DREDGED ROCKS FROM WESTERN PACIFIC GUYOTS1 Robert J. van Waasbergen2 ABSTRACT Many years of dredging of Cretaceous guyots in the western Pacific Ocean have shown the widespread occurrence of drowned carbonate platforms that were active in the Early to middle Cretaceous. Through petrographic analysis of available dredged limestone samples from these guyots, eight limestone lithofacies are distinguished, of which the first three are found in great abundance or in dredges from more than one guyot. The eight lithofacies are used to form a composite image of the depositional environments on the Cretaceous Pacific carbonate platforms. The most abundant facies (Facies 1) is a coarse bioclastic grainstone found in the forereef environment. Facies 2 comprises mudstone in which small bioclasts are rare to abundant. This facies is typical of the platform-interior ("lagoon") environment. Facies 3 comprises packstones and wackestones of peloids and coated grains, and is attributed to deposition in environments of moderate energy dominated by tidal currents. A number of lithofacies were recognized in only a few samples, or only in samples from a single guyot, and are therefor termed "minor" facie;. Facies 4 comprises muddy sponge-algal bafflestone deposits probably associated with shallow, platform-interior bioherms. Facies 5 comprises oolite grainstones and is attributed to high-energy platform-margin environments. Facies 6 is a mixed carbonate/siliciclastic deposit and may be associated with an episode of renewed volcanic activity on one of the guyots (Allison) in the Mid-Pacific Mountains. -
Modern and Ancient Hiatuses in the Pelagic Caps of Pacific Guyots and Seamounts and Internal Tides GEOSPHERE; V
Research Paper GEOSPHERE Modern and ancient hiatuses in the pelagic caps of Pacific guyots and seamounts and internal tides GEOSPHERE; v. 11, no. 5 Neil C. Mitchell1, Harper L. Simmons2, and Caroline H. Lear3 1School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK doi:10.1130/GES00999.1 2School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, 905 N. Koyukuk Drive, 129 O’Neill Building, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA 3School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK 10 figures CORRESPONDENCE: neil .mitchell@ manchester ABSTRACT landmasses were different. Furthermore, the maximum current is commonly .ac .uk more important locally than the mean current for resuspension and transport Incidences of nondeposition or erosion at the modern seabed and hiatuses of particles and thus for influencing the sedimentary record. The amplitudes CITATION: Mitchell, N.C., Simmons, H.L., and Lear, C.H., 2015, Modern and ancient hiatuses in the within the pelagic caps of guyots and seamounts are evaluated along with of current oscillations should therefore be of interest to paleoceanography, al- pelagic caps of Pacific guyots and seamounts and paleotemperature and physiographic information to speculate on the charac- though they are not well known for the geological past. internal tides: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 5, p. 1590–1606, ter of late Cenozoic internal tidal waves in the upper Pacific Ocean. Drill-core Hiatuses in pelagic sediments of the deep abyssal ocean floor have been doi:10.1130/GES00999.1. and seismic reflection data are used to classify sediment at the drill sites as interpreted from sediment cores (Barron and Keller, 1982; Keller and Barron, having been accumulating or eroding or not being deposited in the recent 1983; Moore et al., 1978). -
Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports Volume 20
31. BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC SYNTHESIS, LEG 20, DSDP Helen P. Foreman, Department of Geology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio Heinz Hekel, Geological Survey of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Robert H. Hoskins, New Zealand Geological Survey, Lower Hutt, New Zealand and Valeri A. Krasheninnikov, Geological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, USSR INTRODUCTION Abundance and Preservation of Fossil Groups Figures 2 and 3 have been included to aid the reader in Setting selecting samples for further study. They indicate the Leg 20, which cruised.from Yokohama, Japan, to Suva, abundance and preservation of various fossil groups encoun- Fiji Islands, drilled 12 holes at eight sites as follows: tered. In requesting samples it should be kept in mind that Site 194: 33°58.66'N; 148°48.64'E Radiolaria in Cores 194-3, 1944, 194-5, 195-3, and 1954 Site 195: 32°46.5'N; 146°59.0'E were recovered only from cherts in the core catcher, in Site 196: 30°06.97'N; 148°34.49'E Core 195-5 from the center bit, and Core 195A-l from the Site 197: 30°17.44'N; 147°40.46'E bit; nannofossils in Cores 1954, 195-5, and 195A-1 were Site 198: 25°49.54'N; 154°35.05'E recovered only from the center bit. Site 199: 13°30.78'N; 156°10.34'E Site 200: 12°50.20'N; 156°46.96'E Site 201: 12°49.89'N; 156°44.59'E COMPARISON OF AGE AND ZONAL ASSIGNMENTS Site 202: 12°48.90'N; 156°57.15'E For Holes 194, 195, 195B, 196, and 198 it is not The location of Leg 20 sites in relation to bathymetry is possible to compare zones for the various faunal groups shown in Figure 1. -
Musgrave Subregional Description
Musgrave Subregional Description Landscape Plan for Eyre Peninsula - Appendix D The Musgrave subregion extends from Mount Camel Beach in the north inland to the Tod Highway, and then south to Lock and then west across to Lake Hamilton in the south. It includes the Southern Ocean including the Investigator Group, Flinders Island and Pearson Isles. QUICK STATS Population: Approximately 1,050 Major towns (population): Elliston (300), Lock (340) Traditional Owners: Nauo and Wirangu nations Local Governments: District Council of Elliston, District Council of Lower Eyre Peninsula and Wudinna District Council Land Area: Approximately 5,600 square kilometres Main land uses (% of land area): Grazing (30% of total land area), conservation (20% of land area), cropping (18% of land area) Main industries: Agriculture, health care, education Annual Rainfall: 380 - 430mm Highest Elevation: Mount Wedge (249 metres AHD) Coastline length: 130 kilometres (excludes islands) Number of Islands: 12 2 Musgrave Subregional Description Musgrave What’s valued in Musgrave Pearson Island is a spectacular The landscapes and natural resources of the Musgrave unspoilt island with abundant and subregion are integral to the community’s livelihoods and curious wildlife. lifestyles. The Musgrave subregion values landscapes include large The coast is enjoyed by locals and visitors for its beautiful patches of remnant bush and big farms. Native vegetation landscapes, open space and clean environment. Many is valued by many in the farming community and many local residents particularly value the solitude, remoteness recognise its contribution to ecosystem services, and and scenic beauty of places including Sheringa Beach, that it provides habitat for birds and reptiles. -
Shona and Discovery Seamount Chains
Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009 A229 Shona and Discovery seamount Uranium-lead dating of speleothems: chains, South Atlantic: Prospects and limitations Superplume source constraints R.A. CLIFF 1 2 C. CLASS * AND A.P. LE ROEX School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds 1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, In recent year several studies have shown that U-Pb Palisades, NY 10964, USA isotopic dating is a promising option for dating speleothems (*correspondence: [email protected]) from the early Pleistocene and earlier which has otherwise 2University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa presented a difficult challenge. ([email protected]) The integrity of the U-Pb system has been confirmed by comparison of U-Pb and U-Th data on a speleothem from the The effectively un-sampled major bathymetric anomalies Spannagel Cave in the Austrian Alps. Disequilibrium- of the Shona Ridge – Meteor Rise – Agulhas Ridge – Cape corrected U-Pb ages date growth from 340 ka to 267 ka. High Rise and Discovery seamounts in the South Atlantic have been resolution sampling of one short growth interval yielded U-Pb attributed to the activity of the Shona and Discovery mantle and U-Th ages in close agreement at 266 ka with ± 1 ka error plumes based solely on geochemical signatures measured in on the U-Pb age. These results confirm closed system Mid-Ocean Ridge basalts from the adjacent Mid-Atlantic behaviour throughout the uranium decay chain even in such Ridge and a single Discovery Seamount sample. Here we U-rich samples. present new Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope data on dredge samples Speleothems from the Wilder Mann and Wildmahd caves from these seamount chains collected by the ANT XXIII/5 in the Allgäu Alps, western Austria encapsulate a detailed cruise of the FS Polarstern. -
Monitoring Offshore Island Sanctuary Zones
Marine Parks factsheet Case study 7: Jewels in the crown – monitoring offshore island sanctuary zones Background Marine Parks was undertaken on the SARDI research vessel Ngerin. The expedition also visited the Cape du Couedic The Nuyts Archipelago Marine Park (NAMP) and Investigator Sanctuary Zone on Kangaroo Island,. During the expedition Marine Park (IMP) encompass a network of remote island the vessel steamed 1500 nautical miles, and conducted sanctuary zones, including St Francis and Pearson Isles. These 60 seafloor video, 35 BRUVS and 32 dive surveys. sanctuary zones are some of the ‘jewels in the crown’ of South Australia’s marine parks network. These areas are biologically This case study highlights the key findings of the offshore diverse due to the geographical isolation and remoteness of expedition, the links with the NAMP and IMP management plan the islands, combined with the influence of the subtropical strategies, and some socio-economic and ecological outcomes Leeuwin Current mixing with the temperate Flinders Current. as a result of implementation of the management plans. The Isles of St Francis Sanctuary Zone in the NAMP is Key findings located in the remote waters off the far west coast of • Pearson Isles has the highest fish diversity of all Eyre Peninsula. Pearson Isles Sanctuary Zone is located Marine Park sanctuary zones surveyed statewide around an iconic group of islands about 30 nautical miles and Isles of St Francis has the third highest. offshore from Eyre Peninsula within the IMP. The spectacular Pearson Island rises sharply to 200m above sea level. The • Offshore island SZs have the highest abundance of large fish ISFSZ forms part of the NAMP management plan while • Confirmation that offshore island SZs are biodiversity the PISZ forms part of the IMP management plan.