CAPTAIN CARY McCLURE ABNEY, JR.

Class of 1934 The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas

BASED ON CAPTAIN ABNEY’S NOTES AT CLARK FIELD, BATAAN, ON THE BATAAN DEATH MARCH AND AT PRISONER OF WAR CAMPS REGARDING

Captain Abney and 220 other officers and men, including twenty Texas Aggies, killed or captured by the Japanese and their dates and places of death, escape, rescue or liberation

Second Edition

William M. Huffman Texas A&M, Class of 1953

CAPTAIN CARY McCLURE ABNEY, JR.

Class of 1934 The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas

Taken prisoner at Bataan April 9, 1942

Survived the Bataan Death March and Japanese Prisoner of War Camps O’Donnell, Cabanatuan, Davao, and Bilibid

Survived the sinking of the Japanese Hell Ships Oryoku Maru December 15, 1944, and Enoura Maru January 9, 1945, by planes from the USS Hornet

Died on the Brazil Maru January 28, 1945, from injuries sustained on the Enoura Maru

BASED ON CAPTAIN ABNEY’S NOTES AT CLARK FIELD, BATAAN, ON THE BATAAN DEATH MARCH AND AT PRISONER OF WAR CAMPS REGARDING

Captain Abney and 220 other officers and men, including twenty Texas Aggies, killed or captured by the Japanese and their dates and places of death, escape, rescue or liberation

Second Edition

William M. Huffman Texas A&M, Class of 1953

Copyright 2010-2011

Foreword

My initial interest in Cary M. Abney, Jr. stemmed from several facts. As a thirteen-year old boy, I read a newspaper report he was killed aboard a Japanese ship sunk by the U. S. Navy. His father and my father were friends. Years later, as a young lawyer, I met his father, the oldest lawyer then practicing in Marshall, and at our first meeting saw his Aggie ring. About the same time I met Ruben Abney, also an attorney, a brother of Cary, Jr. Over time I learned that he had been in the Army throughout World War II and served in General George S. Patton’s Third Army.

Early in my career I met Thomas Y. (Tom) Abney, also a lawyer, another brother of Cary, Jr., and Hendricks Hightower, who was married to a sister of Cary, Jr. While serving on the board of a local financial institution of which Tom Abney was president, I learned he had been in the Army Air Corps and spent much of his time ferrying bombers from the east coast to England. We became good friends and hunted together. Years ago, I read or heard Hendricks Hightower had served in World War II and Korea.

Before publication of Texas Aggies Go to Wa r, I began a search for the names of the twenty-five Aggies on Corregidor April 21, 1942. I had met one, Lieutenant Colonel Lewis B. Chavaillier, about the time I graduated from high school. After graduating from A&M and before going on active duty in the Army I had a number of visits with him when he stopped by the place I worked. I knew he had been a prisoner of the Japanese and can still see his hair as white as snow and was told it was black when he left Marshall for active duty.

Over the years, I heard or read of the deaths of several men from Marshall who had been taken prisoner at Bataan or Corregidor and about three years ago read a story in a newspaper which reported Captain Abney had been taken prisoner at Corregidor. I could add one more name to my list of names called at the muster on Corregidor.

In 2008, while working on a project with one of Ruben’s sons, William A. (Bill) Abney, an attorney, I had the pleasure of visiting and talking with Ruben a lot but we never directly mentioned Cary, Jr. After mentioning to Bill my interest in information about Cary M. Abney, Jr. and other Aggies captured at Corregidor, Bill told me he had always been told Cary, Jr. was on the Bataan Death March. He then located and allowed me to examine two of his grandfather‘s files which contained a letter notifying Cary M. Abney (Sr.) his son was a prisoner of the Japanese and a later telegram and letters notifying him of his son’s death. The files also contained a letter from The Adjutant General’s office to Winston Taylor, which said a notebook belonging to Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. was enclosed. Although the notebook was also referred to in other correspondence, it was not in the file.

After reviewing those files, I continued my research, still believing Cary, Jr. had been on Corregidor when taken prisoner. After Ruben died in September 2009, Bill and Ruben’s other son, Cary M. (Mac) Abney, a CPA, located Cary Junior’s A&M ring, Artillery brass and the notebook he began keeping before the start of World War II. Foreword

In early December 2010, Mac called me to tell me he had something I might like to see. I rushed to his office and in a box were an Aggie ring, Army photo ID card, Artillery Brass, a photograph of Cary M. Abney, Jr. his senior year at A&M, a photograph which was taken shortly after he was promoted to Captain, a Purple Heart, a number of childhood photographs and early school records of Cary M. Abney, Jr. Knowing his ring would have been taken by the Japanese after he was taken prisoner and that he had died at sea, my first thought was, “How could these items have been returned to his family?”

Within a few days, Bill Abney told me he had another box of items of interest. In that box were the two files of his grandfather, Cary M. Abney Junior’s diploma from A&M and several other items, including, much to my surprise, his notebook that had been mailed to Winston Taylor and a hand-sewn canvas cover in which it had been kept. Fearful the paper was in such condition it would be damaged or destroyed by opening it and turning the pages, I was tempted to leave it as I found it but upon carefully opening the front cover discovered the paper was in remarkably good condition. The notebook had been water-soaked and some entries were not legible, however.

Instead of risking damage by extensive and repeated handling of each page to determine its contents, I photographed the notebook and case, scanned each page, carefully returned the notebook to its case, and then transcribed the readable handwritten entries in the notebook. Through that process I found the names of 220 other officers and men, including twenty Texas Aggies, killed or captured in the Philippines. I also learned Cary M. Abney, Jr. was taken prisoner on Bataan – not Corregidor – was on the Bataan Death March to Camp O’Donnell, then taken to Camp Cabanatuan, then to the Davao Penal Colony, and then to an old prison at Bilibid.

Based on the information found in my research, two of the twenty Texas Aggies whose names were found in Captain Abney’s notebook were taken prisoner at Corregidor. The others were killed or taken prisoner on Bataan.

Included, beginning on page 23, are the entries, other than names and addresses, in Captain Abney’s notebook. The twenty Texas Aggies, with information as to their death or survival, are listed beginning at page 33. An alphabetical list of the 221 names in Captain Abney’s notebook, with the notes he made regarding them, begins at page 37. The names of those who died or were killed, with the location and date of their deaths, will be found at page 59 and a list of those who escaped, were rescued or liberated begins at page 73.

One entry in the notebook answered my question “How did his Aggie ring and Artillery brass survive?” He sent them, his wedding ring, and his money home before Bataan fell.

Some of the things I learned about Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. and his friends during the 33 months he was a prisoner were, to say the least, mind-boggling, especially

ii Foreword the numbers and percentages who survived combat, the Bataan Death March and the horrible conditions in prison camps only to die on ships taking them to Japan. Captain Abney’s experiences and later death were probably typical, except for the fact many died sooner.

Before dying on the fifth Japanese Hell Ship on which he was placed (one that took him from the prison camp at Cabanatuan to Davao City, one that took him from Davao to Bilibid in Manila Bay and two sunk by planes from the USS Hornet while enroute to Japan) Captain Abney survived the bombing of his quarters that killed six of the nine occupants the first day of the war, injuries from another bomb on the Alongo River Front shortly before Bataan fell, the Bataan Death March, four Japanese prisoner of war camps, malaria, malnutrition, near starvation and the attacks on and sinking of two ships.

Not one entry in his notebook expressed anger, bitterness, despair or self pity. Little mention is made of his own situation, injuries or physical condition and the few that were made show he was thinking of others or what they had done for him, as illustrated by the following:

“The following are addresses of men and officers I have known and wish to remember if and when I ever get out of this mess. Right now I think my chances are nil!”

“Murray Max L. Day - - - Slept next to me when I was confined in #B with Malaria. Took care of me when I was all doped up on quinine.”

“This Filipino has given me food at a time when I needed it the worst! If I do not return, he should be rewarded.”

“In the last organized resistance on Bataan, I lost all of the men attached to me except Corporal Clyde Goolsby - - - (who) was severely wounded, but lived. Pvt. James Kerr was killed by same bomb that hit me. Goolsby & Kerr are the only ones of the detail I can account for; however I know the rest were killed.”

“Capt. J. L. Saldnar, M.D. - - - treated me after I was hit on Alongo R. Front.”

iii

The Second Edition

When the book was printed, 219 names of officers and men had been identified in Captain Abney’s notebook, of which records of the captivity, death, escape, liberation or survival of all but eleven had been found. Since then, through additional research and comparison of the names of the eleven as recorded in Captain Abney’s notebook with almost but not exactly the same spelling as names in United States records, transcriptions of Japanese records and other sources, the Second Edition reflects the following additions and changes:

(1) One name, “Alphen,” was deleted after determining it was part of the address for Private Zacharias Van Diggele, a Dutch Marine from Holland.

(2) The names of Sergeants Ellis T. Britt and Samuel S. Schulman (to whom Captain Abney noted he owed money) and Colonel E. R. Laughinghouse were added.

(3) With the above changes, 221 names instead of 219 names have been listed in the schedules included as Exhibits.

(4) The names of eleven as written in Captain Abney’s notebook differ slightly from names found in records and for that reason they were not found in prior searches. Their identity was established by information such as rank, given name or initial, branch of service, or state of residence recorded in Captain Abney’s notebook, which matched that in records relating to them. Ten of those were shown as “Not in NARA or Japanese POW lists.” Colonel Laughinghouse is the eleventh. In this edition, whether they survived or were killed is shown and, in most instances, the location of death or liberation is shown.

(5) Of the 221 officers and men identified in Captain Abney’s notebook, 135 were killed in battle or died or were killed while prisoners of war. Of those 135, 99 died on Japanese Hell Ships. Eighty-six of the 221 survived. One escaped by jumping overboard from a Japanese ship and swimming to shore. Five (including two Texas Aggies) survived the sinking of a Hell Ship, swam to shore, made contact with a Guerrilla force, and were later rescued by a U. S. submarine. The remaining 80 were rescued or liberated at prisoner of war camps in the Philippines, Korea, Manchuria and Japan.

The text in the original edition contained an error, inconsistent with the information contained in the Exhibits listing the names and showing the fate of the individuals listed. The statement on page 15 that “Lieutenants Maxey C. Chenault, Class of 1937, and Robley D. Evans, Class of 1940, were liberated from prison camps in Japan” is incorrect. As shown by Exhibits “C,”, “D,” and “E,” Lieutenant Chenault died in the sinking of the Shinyo Maru . Captain Joseph A. Revak, Class of 1930, and Lieutenant Robley D. Evans were liberated from prison camps in Japan.

v The schedules and text in the original edition showed Lieutenant Marshall H. Kennady, Jr., Class of 1940, died on the Brazil Maru but additional sources indicate that is not correct and that he survived the voyage and died a few days after reaching Japan.

One more name could be added but was not because neither the first name, initial or address was shown in Captain Abney’s notebook. Captain John Z. Wheeler, 0346792, Cavalry, from Minnesota, was probably “Capt. Wheeler” referred to in notes about the death of Lieutenant Clifford G. Hardwick, Jr., Texas A&M Class of 1937, on page 25 of his notebook:

"Tex" was killed by sniper at Moron. Recovered horses left by Capt. Wheeler's detail - Wheeler was wounded. Contact his family.

Captain John Z. Wheeler was the combined Troop Commander of Troops “E” and “F” of the 26th Cavalry Regiment, Philippine Scouts, and reportedly on December 22, 1941, at Moron (Morong) led the United States Army’s last horse cavalry charge. For his actions, he was awarded, posthumously, the Distinguished Service Cross and Purple Heart. 1 He died on the Brazil Maru January 26, 1945. Captain John Z. Wheeler is the only Captain Wheeler shown in United States prisoner of war records to have been a prisoner in the South Pacific.

No official record of the date of death of Lieutenant Clifford G. Hardwick, Jr. was found but records of the Philippine Scouts Heritage Society show he was in Troop “G” commanded by Captain John W. Fowler and was killed in action January 18, 1942, at Morong. 2

1 Citation, Distinguished Service Cross awarded to Captain (Cavalry) John Z. Wheeler (ASN , 0346792), Posthumously; General Orders: Headquarters, U. S. Army Forces in the Far East, General Orders No. 14 (1942).

2 Philippine Scouts Heritage Society, .

vi TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword i

The Second Edition v

Table of Contents vii

Photographs

Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. ix

Cary M. Abney, Jr., Senior at Texas A&M xi

Captain Abney’s Aggie Ring, Artillery Brass and ID Card xiii

Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr., Class of 1934, Texas A&M 1

Sources 17

Exhibits Transcribed or Prepared by Author 21

EXHIBIT “A” Entries (other than names) in Captain Abney’s Notebook 23

EXHIBIT “B” Tabulation of Numbers Killed, Escaped, Rescued or Liberated 31

EXHIBIT “C” Texas Aggies Listed in Captain Abney’s Notebook 33

EXHIBIT “D” Alphabetical List of Names in Captain Abney’s Notebook 37

EXHIBIT “E” Location and Dates of Death 59

EXHIBIT “F” Men who Escaped, were Rescued or Liberated 73

Exhibits (Images of Originals) 81

Letter dated December 17, 1942, from War Department notifying Cary M. Abney, Sr. his son was a prisoner of war.

vii TABLE OF CONTENTS

Postcards sent by Captain Abney from Davao Penal Colony to his father, mother, and his aunt, Mrs. M. M. O’Bannion.

Telegram dated July 24, 1945, notifying Cary M. Abney, Sr. that Captain Abney was killed in action December 15, 1944.

Letter dated July 24, 1945, from the War Department to Cary M. Abney, Sr.

Letter dated September 19, 1945, from the War Department to Winston Taylor with which Captain Abney’s Notebook was enclosed.

Letter dated January 22, 1946, from Eligio Fuerte to Cary M. Abney, Sr.

Letter dated January 12, 1948, from the Department of the Army to Cary M. Abney, Sr. stating Captain Abney survived the bombing of the Oryoku Maru December 15, 1944, was transferred to the Enoura Maru which was bombed January 9, 1945, in Takao Harbor, Formosa, was then placed on the Brazil Maru and died January 28 between Formosa and Japan.

Captain Abney’s notebook

Captain Abney’s notes folded and placed in Notebook

viii

Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr.

ix

Cary M. Abney, Jr. Texas A&M Senior Photograph 1934

xi

Captain Abney’s A&M Ring and Artillery Brass Sent home from Clark Field before Bataan was taken by the Japanese

xiii

Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr. Class of 1934. Texas A&M

Taken prisoner at Bataan April 9, 1942 Survived the Bataan Death March and Japanese Prisoner of War Camps O’Donnell, Cabanatuan, Davao, and Bilibid Survived the sinking of the Japanese Hell Ships Oryoku Maru December 15, 1944, and Enoura Maru January 9, 1945, by planes from the USS Hornet Died on the Brazil Maru January 28, 1945, from injuries sustained on the Enoura Maru

Cary McClure Abney, Jr. was born April 2, 1910, in Harrison County, Texas, graduated from The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas in 1934, with a B. S. Degree in Agricultural Administration and a reserve commission as a Second Lieutenant in the Field Artillery. He was the son of Cary McClure Abney and Katherine Young Abney. His father graduated from A&M in 1902 with a degree in Civil Engineering, later became a lawyer, and maintained a law office in Marshall until his death in 1969. His mother died in 1977. If not the first, Cary McClure Abney was among the first from Marshall, Texas, to graduate from Texas A&M and is the earliest graduate that I have known.

Family

When Cary McClure Abney, Jr. was born, his father’s name was Cary McClure Abney, Jr. and he was named Cary McClure Abney, III . Early school records listed him as “Cary M. Abney, Jr, Jr. ” After the death of his grandfather in 1923, his father discontinued using “Junior” as part of his name and Cary M. Abney, III began using “Junior” instead of “III.” His name is shown as Cary M. Abney, Jr. in records at A&M and in the U. S. Army.

Cary M. Abney, Jr. married Thelma Louise Hatcher in Fort Worth, Texas, July 14, 1937. Before he was called to active duty he owned and operated an insurance agency in Marshall.1 His wife was a stenographer and teller at Marshall National Bank and worked part-time at the insurance agency. After learning her husband was taken prisoner by the Japanese, 2 Thelma joined the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp February 16, 1943.

Not having been told and being unaware she would lose her allowance as a dependent wife if she enlisted, her allotment was eliminated after her husband was taken

1 His father operated the agency after Cary M. Abney, Jr. went on active duty.

2 By a letter dated December 17, 1942, the War Department notified Cary M. Abney that Cary M. Abney, Jr. was a prisoner of war interned in the Philippine Islands by the Japanese.

1 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr. prisoner by the Japanese. At the bank, she had been making $110.00 per month, plus an annual bonus equal to a month’s salary. As a WAC her initial salary was $50.00, which was increased to $78.00, and finally to a $96.00 by the end of 1944. With the loss of her allotment and reduction in salary, Thelma Abney, in effect, was paying the government about $40.00 per month to serve in the WACs. Because she “was going broke” serving in the WACs, Thelma applied for a discharge, which was initially approved, then denied, and finally approved. She was honorably discharged with the rank of Sergeant after serving two years.

In addition to the loss of her allotment as a dependent, Thelma was notified she or her husband would have to refund $96.00 per month for rations and quarters during the time he was a prisoner because, as a prisoner of war, the Japanese were providing housing and food to him. 3

Cary M. Abney, on behalf of Thelma and his son, through a number of letters, explained the injustice of such a policy and that Thelma would have been better off financially if she were not working at all than she was while serving her country as a WAC,4 but his arguments fell on deaf ears except those of Congressman Wright Patman, First Congressional District of Texas. Recognizing some 7,000 to 8,000 wives were facing the same problem as Thelma Abney, 5 Mr. Patman introduced a bill providing “No officer shall be denied any such allowance by reason of the fact his lawful wife is a member of the armed forces of the United States, unless such wife is an officer entitled to an allowance in her own right.” 6

One of Cary’s brothers, Thomas Young Abney, enlisted in the U. S. Army November 23, 1940, at Tyler, Texas, as an Aviation Cadet. After flight training he was commissioned as a pilot in the Air Corps. During much of his service he ferried bombers from the United States to England. He was released from service in 1945 with the rank of Captain.

His other brother, Ruben Knight Abney, enlisted in the U. S. Army March 7, 1942, at Tyler, was in General George S. Patton’s Third Army in Europe, fought in the Battle of the Bulge, and served until the end of World War II. His sister’s husband, James Hendricks Hightower, enlisted in the U. S. Army February 24, 1941, at Houston, and served in the Finance Corps in World War II and in Korea. With three sons, a son-in-law and a daughter-in-law in service, Cary M. Abney and Katherine Young Abney lead a support group for families of prisoners of war.

3 This is documented in Cary M. Abney’s file.

4 Cary M. Abney’s file contains copies of numerous letters written on behalf of Thelma Abney and other wives in her situation.

5 Letter dated April 30, 1945, from Wright Patman to Cary M. Abney,

6 H.R. 3394, In the House of Representatives, June 6, 1945.

2 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Service in World War II Captain Abney’s Notebook

First Lieutenant Cary M. Abney, Jr., O-316451, Field Artillery, was ordered to active duty March 26, 1941, for one year and reported for duty March 28 at Fort McIntosh, Laredo, Texas, a little more than eight months before the United States entered World War II. He was promoted to Captain August 11, and ordered to the Philippines the same day. He left Fort Mason, San Francisco, California, August 29, arrived in Manila September 16 and was stationed at Clark Air Field on Luzon. While there, he organized and commanded Headquarters and Headquarter Squadron, 4th Composite Group. He also served as Investigating Officer and Assistant Post Adjutant until two days before Pearl Harbor was attacked December 7, 1941, and then became Post Adjutant of Clark Field under Major Maurice F. Daly. 7

Captain Abney prepared and signed his will dated November 5, 1941, at Clark Field, Fort Stotsenburg, Pampanga, Philippine Islands, and mailed it to Winston Taylor. His will was witnessed by Major Lee Johnson, 8 Captain Harry O. Fischer, 9 and Second Lieutenant James Y. Alexander. 10 Major Johnson died when the Enoura Maru was sunk. 11 Captain Fischer survived the sinking of the Shinyo Maru and was rescued by the submarine USS Narhal .12 Lieutenant Alexander’s name was not found in Captain Abney’s notebook or in U. S. or Japanese POW records but he was a Texas Aggie, Class of 1938, from College Station, Texas, and survived the war. 13

Captain Abney’s will began with the following statement:

“This instrument is being written while conditions are peaceful in these Islands: that condition is not expected to last long.

Prior to this date, I have requested my friend Winston Taylor, attorney-at-law, Marshall, Texas, to rent me a safety deposit box at the First National Bank,

7 Major Daly also survived the sinking of the Oryoku Maru and died on the Brazil Maru before reaching Japan.

8 Major Johnson, from San Francisco, California, was Post Adjutant at Clark Field.

9 A Texas Aggie, Class of 1929, from Jasper, Texas, with the 809th Engineering Company, stationed at Clark Field, whose address was shown in Captain Abney’s notebook as 422 E. Harrison Ave., San Antonio, Texas. After witnessing the will he was promoted to Major.

10 Field Artillery, Air Corps, stationed at Clark Field, Box 405, College Station, Texas.

11 World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946. .

12 Mazza, Eugene E. “The American Prisoners of War Rescued after the sinking of the Japanese Transport, Shinyo Maru, by the USS Paddle, SS 263, on 7 September 1944.” .

13 Detloff, Henry C. Texas Aggies Go to War . College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2006.

3 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Marshall, Texas. Taylor has been instructed to place this letter in that box and say nothing of the matter until it is apparent that I have been lost in combat. Edwin Van Order, 1608 Belle Place, Ft. Worth, Texas has also been informed of the existence of this letter.”

If Captain Abney was aware war was imminent thirty two days before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, why were those in the highest echelons of responsibility not aware and why were we so unprepared to defend and respond in the event of an attack?

While in the Philippines, Captain Abney kept a small notebook in which he wrote the names and addresses of more than 220 officers, soldiers and airmen 14 and recorded names and dates of death of those known to have died or been killed and other bits of information. 15 After copying the notebook into another notebook by hand, he gave the original to Eligio E. Fuerte, a Filipino he met at the Davao Penal Colony, to send home after the war and carried the copy with him to Bilibid Prison, near Manila Bay. After every page of the notebook was filled, notes and instructions to his wife and parents were written in pencil on sheets of tissue, which were folded, refolded, and refolded again until roughly 2” by 2” squares and placed in his copy.

On December 13, 1944, at Bilibid Prison, before boarding the Oryoku Maru , a steamer used to transport prisoners of war to Japan, Captain Abney gave his notebook to Captain Chester Sanders 16 with instructions, written on the first page of the notebook:

“In case of my death, mail this book to one of the following: Winston Taylor, Att. at Law, W. F. Young, both live in Marshall, Texas. 1st try to contact Taylor then Young.” 17

Captain Abney and Captain Sanders had been in Camp 1 at Cabanatuan.18 No record was found indicating Captain Sanders was moved from or liberated at Bilibid or that he was sent to Japan. The POWs at Bilibid were rescued about February 5, 1945. 19

14 Due to water damage, some names in the notebook are not legible and entries on several pages are not readable with the naked eye or a magnifying glass.

15 After writing on six pages beginning at the front of the notebook (identified as pages a – f) , apparently, after turning the book over, he made entries beginning at the back of the notebook (identified as pages 1- 42).

16 The date he gave the notebook to Captain Sanders is established by a note stating he received about 30 letters December 13, 1944, the date prisoners were placed on the Oryoku Maru .

17 Captain Abney’s notebook, page a. Three years earlier, Captain Abney mailed his will to Winston Taylor. W. F. Young was Captain Abney’s mother’s brother and an attorney in Marshall.

18 Cabanatuan was liberated January 30, 1945, by a force of United States Army Rangers, Alamo Scouts, and Filipino Guerrillas, in a raid 30 miles behind Japanese lines. At its peak, 8,000 American soldiers and a small number of soldiers and civilians from other nations taken prisoner on Bataan or Corregidor were kept at Cabanatuan, of which all but about 500 had been moved to other camps, including Bilibid.

4 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Upon returning to the United States Captain Sanders gave the notebook to Zita Kelly, an employee at Letterman General Hospital in San Francisco, who mailed it to the War Department. 20 The Adjutant General’s Office mailed the notebook to Mr. Taylor with a letter dated September 19, 1945.

Among those listed in Captain Abney’s notebook are names and addresses of twenty graduates of Texas A&M and four men from Marshall 21 who were on Bataan or Corregidor and the notebook contains some dates and information not found elsewhere. The other Texas Aggies whose names are in Captain Abney’s notebook are:

Master Sergeant William G. Boyd, Class of 1927, killed on the Arisan Maru Captain George C. Brundrett, Class of 1933, died in POW camp in Korea First Lieutenant Edgar B. Burgess, Class of 1938, killed on the Arisan Maru First Lieutenant Maxey C. Chenault, Class of 1937, killed on the Shinyo Maru Lieutenant Robley D. Evans, Class of 1940, liberated in Osaka Major Harry O. Fischer, Class of 1929, survived the sinking of the Shinyo Maru and was rescued by the submarine USS Narhal Captain Gus H. Froebel, Class of 1935, killed on the Shinyo Maru Lieutenant Clifford G. Hardwick, Jr., Class of 1937, killed on Bataan Captain James M. Henry, Class of 1939, killed on the Arisan Maru Lieutenant Marshall H. Kennady, Jr., Class of 1940, died in POW camp in Japan Major John V. King, Class of 1922, killed on the Enoura Maru Captain Melvin R. Millard, Class of 1940, killed on the Arisan Maru Captain Ross I. Miller, Class of 1939, killed on the Shinyo Maru Second Lieutenant John W. Muse, Class of 1940, died at POW Camp Cabanatuan Captain Joseph A. Revak, Class of 1930, liberated in Tokyo Lieutenant Colonel Rufus H. Rogers, Class of 1926, killed on the Shinyo Maru Lieutenant Roy D. Russell, Class of 1942, survived the sinking of the Shinyo Maru and was rescued by the submarine USS Narhal Lieutenant John D. Stukenburg, Class of 1940, killed on the Arisan Maru

19 Frankell, Stanley A. “Frankel-y Speaking about World War II in the South Pacific.” .

20 Letter dated September 19, 1945, from The Adjutant General’s Office to Cary M. Abney, Cary M. Abney’s file.

21 Those from Marshall include Captain Abney, Private Billy A. Ayers (who was taken to a prison camp in Japan), Lieutenant Thomas Underwood Austin (who died on the Brazil Maru ) and Corporal Leighton P. Tenny.

5 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Captain R. M. Rick, Jr., Class of 1935, killed on the Arisan Maru

Major John V. King and Captain Roy M. Vick were taken prisoner on Corregidor. The others were killed or captured on Bataan. Although their names do not appear in Captain Abney’s notebook, two other men from Marshall, both Aggies, were captured at Bataan or Corregidor.

Captain Jack W. Kelly, Army Air Corps, Class of 1929, entered service as a First Lieutenant July 31, 1941, and was killed December 15, 1944, in the attack on the Oryoku Maru .22 He arrived in the Philippines August 19, 1941, and was in the Air Corps stationed at Clark field near Manila when Pearl Harbor was attacked. 23

First Lieutenant Lewis Beall Chevaillier, Coast Artillery, Class of 1939, was ordered to active duty at Fort Worden, in Washington, transferred to the Philippines April 21, 1941, and stationed at Fort Mills, Corregidor with the 60th Coast Artillery. On his arrival he was met by Lieutenant Colonel Edwin F. Barry,24 also from Marshall, and served under Brigadier General George A. Moore, who was his commandant at A&M for two years. 25 He was awarded the Silver Star for action on April 30, 1942, evacuating several severely wounded men to a first aid station. 26 Later promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, Lewis B. Chevaillier was campus muster speaker at A&M in 1947.

22 He was a member of the 7th Material Squadron and he and two other members of that unit were killed December 15, 1944, on the Oryoku Maru. He was the son of Mr. and Mrs. F. S. Kelley, Sr. of Marshall. His wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Kelley, and a six-year old daughter, Kay, lived in McKinney. The 7th Material Squadron, 19th Bomb Group, Clark Field P.I. 1941. < http://7th-material.org/>.

23 He was made commanding officer of his squadron when the squadron commander was killed on December 8, soon after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. He was reported missing in action when Bataan fell and in October 1942 was listed as a prisoner of war. He was sent to Camp O’Donnell and later to Cabanatuan and wrote a letter to his wife December 13, 1944, telling her he was being sent to Japan. “Kelly Lost on Jap Transport,” Marshall News Messenger, July 26, 1945, page 1.

24 Colonel Barry was reported missing in the spring of 1942, “Marshallite Missing at Corregidor, Reported Alive and Jap Prisoner,” Marshall News Messenger, December 16, 1942, died July 17, 1942, and is buried in the Manila American Cemetery. American Battle Monuments Commission. In one of the notes he gave Captain Sanders, Captain Abney was probably referring to Colonel Edwin L. Barry when he wrote “Colonel Berry & Corp. L. Tenny of Marshall, Tex. reliably reported dead.”

25 “Marshallite Missing at Corregidor, Reported Alive and Jap War Prisoner,” Marshall News Messenger, December 16, 1942. page 1.

26 The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to First Lieutenant (Coast Artillery Corps) Lewis B. Chevaillier (ASN: 0-380494), United States Army, for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action against the enemy while serving with Battery B, 60th Coast Artillery Regiment (Anti Aircraft), in action at Corregidor, Philippine Islands, on 30 April 1942. During an intense Japanese artillery shelling of Corregidor, several men were severely wounded and left lying in an exposed position. Although the island was alerted for enemy air raids and the shelling continued without interruption, Lieutenant Chevaillier, with no thought of personal safety, voluntarily left his covered position and assisted in evacuating the wounded men to a first aid station several hundred yards distant. By his gallant and courageous actions, Lieutenant Chevaillier fully exemplified the heroic spirit of the dauntless defenders of Corregidor. His gallant actions and selfless devotion to duty, without regard for his own safety, were in keeping with the highest traditions of military

6 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

December 16, 1942, his mother, Mrs. Katie Lothrop Chevaillier, 27 learned he was a prisoner 28 and in January 1945, received a card from “Zentauzi” prison camp in Japan. 29 One source shows he was interned at Zentsuji Camp, Shikoku, Japan, from 1942-1945.30 NARA records indicate he was interned at Osaka Main Camp, Chikko, Osaka.31

When Clark Field was evacuated December 24, Captain Abney was transferred to Service Command under Colonel N. R. Laughinghouse, and the members of the Air Corps were organized into Infantry and went to the front before falling back to the Orion Sector. Before the fall of Bataan, those American forces able to do so evacuated Luzon to Corregidor. One source reported Captain Abney, Jr. evacuated to Corregidor and was taken prisoner there, 32 but Corregidor is not mentioned in his notebook and entries in his notebook clearly show he was on Bataan when taken prisoner.

Bataan, the Bataan Death March, POW Camps O’Donnell and Cabanatuan

On April 9, 1942, approximately 66,000 Filipinos, 1,000 Chinese Filipinos and 11,796 American soldiers on the Bataan Peninsula under the command of Major General Edward "Ned" P. King, Jr. surrendered to the Japanese.33 Within a few days, they left on the Bataan Death March to Prison Camp O'Donnell about 90 miles away. Approximately 5,000-10,000 Filipinos and 600-650 American Prisoners of War died on the Death March. Most of the prisoners were later moved to Camp Cabanatuan. 34

service and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the United States Army. General Orders: Headquarters, U.S. Forces, Pacific, General Orders No. 225 (October 5, 1945)

27 His parents were Lewis Beall Chevaillier and Katie Garland Lothrop Chevaillier. His mother later married R. M. Williams.

28 “Marshallite Missing at Corregidor, Reported Alive and Jap War Prisoner,” Marshall News Messenger, December 16, 1942. page 1.

29 Marshall “Notes Long-Awaited Come to Marshallites from Jap Prisoners,” Marshall News Messenger, January 19, 1945, page 1.

30 Zentsuji Camp, Shikoku 1942-45, American Prisoners of War.

31 World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946. .

32 “Captain Cary Abney, “Lone Star Eagle, June 7, 2007.

33 General King’s surrender, although done to avoid the inevitable slaughter of men under his command when no benefit could be realized by continued resistance, was in violation of orders from General MacArthur, approved by President Roosevelt, and communicated by General Jonathan Wainwright to General King on April 4, 1942. Buchanan, A. Russell. The United States and World War II . Volumes I and II. New York: Harper & Row, 1964.

34 “Bataan, Corregidor, and the Death March: In Retrospect,” Major Richard M. Gordon (USA Ret.).

7 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

In his notebook Captain Abney made no mention of Corregidor but described the situation on Bataan the day before he surrendered:

“Addition to other duties when Captain J. Y. Parker went to hospital. Pushed out of Orion Sector 4/8/42. Fought a disasterous rear guard action back to line between Limay and Lamio – on Alonga River. Line completely shattered by Japanese Infantry the following day at 4:00 P.M. The attempt to form a line at cab cabin were a total failure ! – S.N.A.F.U.” 35 ------“In the last organized resistance on Bataan, I lost all of the men attached to me except Corporal Clyde Goolsby, 19044221, 7th Mat. Squadron. Goolsby was severely wounded, but lived. Pvt. James Kerr was killed by same bomb that hit me. Goolsby & Kerr are the only ones of the detail I can account for; however I know the rest were killed; none of them ever came to the prison camp; 4 were seen dead.

Corp. Clyde Goolsby, 1215 W. 9th Stillwater, Oklahoma. Wounded on Limay- Lamao line in Alonga R. sector.

Kerr killed at 12:A.M. Left leg blown off by dive bomber. Age 28. He said there was a mistake on his tag: sister who lived in PA. Was his only relative – her home was not stated correctly on his tag. His body was left on the line – 100 yds to R of road.” 36

Captain Abney’s notes contain the following brief entries regarding his capture, movement from Bataan to his first place of confinement, Camp O’Donnell, 37 and from there to Cabanatuan, and eventually to Davao, where he remained until taken to Bilibid in Manila for transport to Japan:

“Surrender at Bataan 4/9/42 Took to Hills & Surrendered Taken to O’Donnel 5/3/42 Taken to Cabanatuan 6/2/42 I left the C.C. at Cabanatuan 10/26/42 Taken to Mindanao to Penal Colony near Davao 11/8/42” 38 ------

35 Captain Abney’s notebook, page 41.

36 Captain Abney’s notebook, page 35.

37 The camp at Davao, “Davao Penal Colony,” is identified in U. S. records as Prisoner of War Camp 2.

38 Captain Abney’s notebook, page 41.

8 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

“1. 5 days in Bataan. 2. Filipinos in Hills – Suddenly. 3. To Orion in 1 P.M. 4. Nite at aid station. 5. Surrender. 6. Day in Orion – Jap from L. (illegible). 7. 36 hours in Balanga – Beach next 8. 48 hours in Gnagna 9. 48 hours in Hosiehda 10. 5 days at San Franado (San Fernando) 11. Train ride to Capas” 39

The route from the Bataan Peninsula to Camp O’Donnell passes through Orion, Balanga, Gnagna, Hosiehda and San Fernando. American and Filipino forces on Bataan surrendered April 9 and the first POWs from Bataan arrived in Camp O’Donnell 40 from April 12 to April 24, 1942. After the 24th of April a few scattered groups arrived before Corregidor fell, May 6, 1942. 41 Apparently, Captain Abney was among the last groups from Bataan to arrive at O’Donnell.

The forces on Corregidor commanded by General Jonathan Wainwright surrendered on May 6. The Corregidor garrison did not leave Corregidor for two weeks after surrender of Philippine-American forces in the southern islands of the Philippines. They did not participate in the Death March and many were taken to Manila where they were put on parade, and then taken by train to Prison Camp Cabanatuan.42

Captain Abney’s notebook contains no explanation of his entry “Took to the Hills & Surrendered” but the numbered paragraphs contain a succinct description of the route and time-table along the route of the Bataan Death March. His note that he was taken to Cabanatuan June 2, 1942, is consistent with records showing the Bataan POWs from Camp O’Donnell arrived at Cabanatuan in June, and the prisoners from Corregidor were there when they arrived. NARA records show he was at Camp Cabanatuan. 43

39 Captain Abney’s notebook, page b.

40 Camp O’Donnell was located at Capas, Tarlac, Philippines.

41 Bataan Gordon, Richard M. “Bataan, Corregidor, and the Death March: In Retrospect.” Burnt Hills, New York. < http://home.pacbell.net/fbaldie/In_Retrospect.html>.

42 Cabanatuan is identified in U. S. records as Prisoner of War Camp 1.

43 He was interred at PW Camp #1 - Cabanatuan 1-2-3 Nueva Province, Luzon, Philippines (15 - 121). World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946. .

9 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Davao Penal Colony On October 26, 1942, Captain Abney, with a group of about 1,000 prisoners, was taken by ship 44 from Cabanatuan to the Island of Mindanao about 600 miles south of Cabanatuan. The voyage took eleven days and the ship arrived November 8, near Davao City. The men then marched 17 miles to the Davao Penal Colony. 45 In pre-war days, the penal colony has been operated by the Philippine Bureau of Prisons and contained some 2,000 convicts convicted of major crimes. When the POWs arrived, about 150 inmates convicted of homicides ranging from manslaughter to murder were kept by the Japanese to aid in management of the prison farm. Two of those convicts later became willing guides to escaping prisoners. The number of POWs was increased to 2,000 with the addition of 1,000 prisoners captured in the Visayan Islands and on Mindanao. By March 1943, 800 of the prisoners were too weak to work. 46

At Davao, the prisoners worked on the farm, planting and harvesting rice, corn, camotes (a type of sweet potato) and mongo beans, logging, building field fortifications, barbed wire entanglements and parapets for riflemen, plowing, and keeping up the camp. After Christmas 1942, prisoners received their Red Cross packages, only later to learn they had been received by the Japanese in January. 47

Undated post cards Captain Abney sent to his parents and to his aunt, Mrs. M. M. O’Banion,48 were mailed from “Phil Mil. Prison Camp 2,” (Davao) where he was confined until he was sent to Bilibid in Manila for transport to Japan. A letter from The Adjutant General’s Office to his father stated he was interned at Prisoner of War Camp #2, near the town of Davao, on the Philippine Island of Mindanao south of Luzon. One of Captain Abney’s closest friends and a witness on his will, Major Harry O. Fischer, Jr., an Aggie from Jasper, was at Davao, survived the sinking of the Shinyo Maru on the coast of Mindanao and was rescued by the submarine USS Narhal in September 1944. Another Aggie friend, Lieutenant Roy D. Russell, Class of 1942, also survived and was rescued, but five others died when the Shinyo was sunk. 49

About five days after arriving at Davao, Captain Abney met and became friends with Eligio E. Fuerte, a Filipino who had been a state employee at the Penal Colony. A letter dated January 22, 1946, from Mr. Fuerte to Cary M. Abney mentions his affection

44 Prisoners were transported from Cabanatuan to Davao on the Erie Maru .

45 McCoy, Commander Melvin H., and Lieutenant Colonel S. M. Mellnich. “Ten Escape from Tojo,” as told to Lt. Welbourn Kelly, USNR. .

46 Id.

47 Id .

48 Mrs. M. M. O’Banion was his father’s sister, Genevieve Abney O’Banion.

49 Mazza, Eugene E. “The American Prisoners of War Rescued after the sinking of the Japanese Transport, Shinyo Maru, by the USS Paddle, SS 263, on 7 September 1944.” .

10 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr. for Captain Abney and says he wished Captain Abney had gone with the ten men who escaped, he last saw him in June 1943, and that:

“the notebook I mentioned in my last letter is still in safe keeping and had tried to sent in to you, but still our Post Office do not axcept register package. However don’t think that this notebook will get lost. I know this notebook is of importance to you and your daughter-in-law. The notebook shows that there are plenty of important records and dates of uncollectible checks which was supposed not received by your daughter-in-law sent to her before the Japanese occupied the Island. According to this notebook the checks are under the account of Col. Vaney So that it is hard to sent these days.”

The fact the notebook described in Eligio Fuerte’s letter was Captain Abney’s original notebook from which the one he gave Captain Sanders was copied is shown by the following entry on page “a” 50 of the notebook given to Captain Sanders:

“Original of data left with my friend X on page 24 to be mailed to Winston Taylor – friend dependable.

Addresses of Friends: (transcribed out of the note book I carried during the war) At the top of page 24, the following entry appears, with a circled “X” following the name:

Eligio E. Fuerte State Employee Ponciano Reyes, at the Penal Colony Davao City in Davao % Simpelcio Fuerte HOME TOWN San Narciso, Sambaes

This Filipino has given me food at a time when I needed it the worst! If I do not return, he should be rewarded. I think a suit and new shoes would do.”

Eligio Fuerte’s letter was in response to a letter Cary M. Abney sent to Mr. Fuerte in December 1945, expressing his gratitude for helping his son while a POW, with which he enclosed $100.00.” 51

On April 4, 1943, after two months of planning, ten Americans 52 and two Filipinos, 53 to serve as guides, escaped from Davao, evaded their captors for days, and

50 After making entries on five pages beginning at the front of the notebook (identified as pages a – f) he then made entries beginning at the back of the notebook (identified as pages 1-42).

51 Cary M. Abney’s file.

52 The ten who escaped were First Lieutenant Leo A. Boelens,, First Lieutenant Michiel Dobervich, Major William E. Dyess, Captain Samuel C. Grashio, First Lieutenant Jack Hawkins, Sergeant Paul H. Marshall, Lieutenant Commander Melvin H. McCoy, Major Stephen M. Mellnick, Captain Austin “Shifty” Shofner, and Sergeant Robert B. Spielman. McCoy, Commander Melvin H., and Lieutenant Colonel S. M. Mellnich.

11 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr. made contact with Filipino Guerrillas under Wendell Fertig. This escape was the only mass escape from a Japanese prison camp during the war .54 Nine of the escapees were evacuated by submarines to Australia. One remained behind with the Guerrillas to fight the Japanese. Their escape is the subject of a recent book, Escape from Davao. 55

Lieutenant Commander Melvin H. McCoy and Major Stephen M. Mellnick were evacuated by submarine to Australia. Major William E. Dyess, Captains Paul H. Marshall and Samuel C. Grashio, Sergeant Robert B. Spielman, and Lieutenant Commander Charles Thomas “Chick: Parsons,56 who had been engaged in intelligence operations behind Japanese lines, were picked up by the submarine USS Trout July 8, 1943, at Paradian Bay on Mindanao and taken to Australia. 57 Marine Captain Austin “Shifty” Shofner and Lieutenants Michiel Dobervich and Jack Hawkins were evacuated by the submarine USS Narwhal .58 Lieutenant Leo A. Boelens remained with the Philippine Guerrillas under Wendell Fertig and was killed in action January 22, 1944.59

While at Davao Cary M. Abney, Jr. prepared and signed a codicil to his will. The codicil was witnessed by Lt. Col. R. (Rufus) N. Rogers, a Texas Aggie from Del Rio, Captain Henry Stober, a Catholic Chaplin, and also by Maj. John A. Turner, Jr., of Silver City, New Mexico. Copies of the codicil were given to Captain James E. Garrett, of Oklahoma City, Colonel Rogers, and Father Stober, all of whom were killed: Captain

“Ten Escape from Tojo,” as told to Lt. Welbourn Kelly, USNR. .

53 The two Filipinos were Benigno de la Cruz and Victorio Jumarong, who had been confined at the Penal Colony after being convicted of murder. Lucas, John D. Escape from Davao. , New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010; McCoy, Commander Melvin H., and Lieutenant Colonel S. M. Mellnich. “Ten Escape from Tojo,” as told to Lt. Welbourn Kelly, USNR. .

54 Citation for Distinguished Service Cross awarded to First Lieutenant (Air Corps) Leo A. Boelens (ASN O-42688), Posthumously; General Orders: Headquarters, U. S. Army Forces in the Far East, General Orders No. 22 (1944).

55 Lucas, John D. Escape from Davao , Simon & Schuster, 2010, NY, NY.

56 Parsons undertook eight secret submarine missions to the Philippines, as well as several more by air, supplying guerrillas with arms, radio equipment, medicine and other supplies, and organized and maintained extensive intelligence networks and coast watcher radio stations throughout the Mindanao, which transmitted Japanese troop movements to the allied forces. Ingham, Travis. Rendezvous by Submarine: The Story of Charles Parsons and the Guerilla-Soldiers in the Philippines . Doubleday, Doran and Company, 1945.

57 History and Heritage Command home page. USS Trout (SS-202), 1940-1944. www.history.navy.mil/>.

58 November 15, 1943, the three marines boarded a submarine at Nasipit, Butuan Bay, Mindanao, which took them to Australia. History of U. S. Marine Corps, Operations in World War II, Appendix A, Marine POWs;

59 Citation, Distinguished Service Cross awarded to First Lieutenant (Air Corps) Leo A. Boelens (ASN O- 42688), Posthumously; General Orders: Headquarters, U. S. Army Forces in the Far East, General Orders No. 22 (1944).

12 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Garrett on the Arisan Maru , Father Stober on the Enoura Maru , and Colonel Rogers on the Shinyo Maru . Two photostatic copies of his codicil are in Cary M. Abney’s file but the file contains no clue as to how he obtained them. Due to the inability to “prove up” the will and codicil by testimony of witnesses to the will, they could not be probated but Captain Abney’s surviving wife, father, and mother, signed and recorded an agreement that the terms of his will and codicil would be honored as if they had been probated. 60

Captain Abney and his Friends on Hell Ships to Japan

In October 1944, the Japanese began moving the remaining prisoners (taken on Bataan and Corregidor) to Manila for shipment to Japan. Many were moved to Bilibid at Manila for processing before boarding ships with no markings to indicate they were carrying prisoners of war. Because life aboard these small steamers and freighters was “a living Hell,” they became known as “Hell Ships,” at least eight of which were sunk by submarines or planes from U. S. carriers.

Shortly after leaving with 750 American POWs that had been on work details near Lasang, Mindanao, the Shinyo Maru (an antiquated freighter) was torpedoed off the coast of Mindanao by the USS Paddlefish September 7, 1944. Japanese guards shot many prisoners as they struggled from the holds or were in the water. Of the POWs aboard, 668 died, including 24 listed in Captain Abney’s notebook.61 Five listed in the notebook survived. 62 Unknown to those aboard the Paddlefish , 82 survivors made it to shore where they were helped by friendly Filipinos and made it inland to a Guerrilla group commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel John H. McGee who had been confined at Davao, had escaped by jumping overboard from the Yashu Maru June 15, 1944, and joined the Guerrilla forces.63 After McGee’s group sent a radio message to U. S. forces, the USS Narhal was assigned to pick up the survivors and did so on October 29. 64

The Arisan Maru , a freighter, left Manila for Japan October 11, 1944, with 1,800 prisoners, and was torpedoed by the USS Shark October 24. At least 28 of the men listed

60 Agreement dated September 25, 1945, Vol.289, Page 541, Deed Records of Harrison County, Texas. Cary M. Abney File.

61 Names in Captain Abney’s notebook match names in World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946. Hellship Information and Photographs. .

62 Lieutenant James D. Donlon, Jr., Lieutenant John J. Morett, Lieutenant Charles A. Steinhouser, Jr., and two Aggies, Major Harry O. Fischer, Class of 1929, and Lieutenant Roy D. Russell, Class of 1942. Mazza, Eugene E. “The American Prisoners of War Rescued after the sinking of the Japanese Transport, Shinyo Maru, by the USS Paddle, SS 263, on 7 September 1944.” .

63 McGee, John H.. Rice and Salt . The Naylor Company, 1962.

64 Mazza, Eugene E. “The American Prisoners of War Rescued after the sinking of the Japanese Transport, Shinyo Maru, by the USS Paddle, SS 263, on 7 September 1944.” .

13 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr. in Captain Abney’s notebook lost their lives on that ship and no more than eight of the 1,800 prisoners survived. 65

Late in the afternoon of December 13, 1944, after receiving about 30 letters from home, 66 Captain Abney and 67 of his friends were put on the Oryoku Maru,67 which left Manila the following morning, with 1619 American POWs packed in its holds. 68 U.S. Navy planes from the USS Hornet attacked the unmarked ship, causing it to sink the following day in Subic Bay. Two hundred eighty-six prisoners were killed or shot in the water as they tried to escape. 69

Nine of his friends were killed in the attack on the Oryoku Maru . The survivors were placed on the Enoura Maru , which left Luzon December 27 with 1,070 prisoners and was bombed by planes from the Hornet January 9, 1945, in Takao Harbor, Formosa. Three hundred sixteen POWs were killed in that attack. 70 Captain Abney was injured and 22 of his friends were killed.71 Captain Abney and 37 of his friends were then placed on board the Brazil Maru , on which Captain Abney and 11 of his friends died before reaching Japan. 72 Of the 68 that left Manila on the Oryoku Maru , 25 were alive when the Brazil reached Japan. A number of those died within a month.

65 Hellship Information and Photographs, . Names in Captain Abney’s notebook matched names in World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946. .

66 One of Captain Abney’s notes on tissue paper states he received a package of about 30 letters December 13, 1944. This was probably the last note he prepared.

67 Names in Captain Abney’s notebook match names on list of prisoners on the Oryoku . These include Abney, Alder, Austin, Barker, Bartholomees, Batson, Beall, Bovee, Brundrett, Byrne, Chalek, Charles C. Coleman, Daly, Derrick, Dieckman, Durie, Eggers, Fink, Gamelgaard, Girzi, Goodman, Goodpasture, Hausmann, Hicker, Hooker, Irons, Jimerson, Johnson, Junker, Kaster, Kelsey, Kelso, Kennady, King, Lawton, Lester, Lewis, Luetzel, Lyon, Markham, Charles W. Miller, Milligan, Moore, Myers, O’Brion, O’Neal, O’Toole, Perrenot, Pettit, Powell, Preston, Rathblot, Revak, Sadler, Scholes, Shearn, Frederick S. Sherman, Hyman V. Sherman, Raymond G. Sherman, Skarda, Smarr, Sneed, Snyder, Tucker, Van Nostrand, Woodbridge, and Wright. Erickson, James W. “Oryoku Maru Roster.” .

68 The Hellships Memorial. .

69 Id.

70 Mincho, Gregory F. Death on the Hellships:Prisoners at Sea in the Pacific War . Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2001.

71 Names in Captain Abney’s notebook matched names in World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946. .

72 Id.

14 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

A letter dated July 24, 1945, from the Adjutant General of the Army to Cary M. Abney, Sr., stated 1619 prisoners of war embarked December 13, 1944, at Manila on a Japanese vessel, presumably for transfer to Japan and that ship was bombed and sunk in Subic Bay, Luzon, December 15. The letter said partial official lists of those lost and the survivors had been received from the Japanese government and 942 of the prisoners, including Cary M. Abney, Jr., are officially reported by the Japanese to have lost their lives at the time and of the survivors remaining in the hands of the Japanese, 59 are reported to have died and others to have been later transferred to Japan. The letter said only 2 of the prisoners of war aboard are known to have evaded recapture and returned to our forces.

A later letter, dated January 12, 1948, from the Adjutant General to Cary M. Abney, Sr. stated information recently received indicates "your son survived the bombing and sinking of the Oryoku Maru on 15 December 1944 and was transferred to the Enoura Maru which was bombed 9 January 1945 in Takao Harbor, Formosa. He was then placed on board the Brazil Maru and died 28 January 1945 at sea between Formosa and Japan of wounds incurred in the bombing of the Enoura Maru ."

Published reports state the survivors of the Oryoku Maru were loaded on the Enoura Maru , which took a direct hit by a U.S. Navy bomber, killing over half of the 500 POWs, and the survivors were put aboard the Brazil Maru and arrived in Moji, Japan on January 29, 1945. Only 450 of the original 1619 on the Oryoku were still alive. 73 Included in those killed on the Oryoku were a son, Major T. N Powell, Jr. (listed in Captain Abney’s notebook) and his father, Lieutenant Colonel T. N. Powell. 74

At least two other men from Marshall, Texas, were on the Oryoky Maru when it was attacked:

Captain Jack W. Kelly, Army Air Corps, Texas A&M Class of 1929, entered service as a First Lieutenant July 31, 1941, and was killed in the attack on the Oryoku Maru .75 His name does not appear in Captain Abney’s notes but a newspaper article reports he was taken at Bataan.76

73 Brown, Colonel Charles M. Brown, Lieutenant Loyd E. Mills, Major Edward Konik, and Commander Arthur G. Beale, and Edward Fisher, DBC Liaison Officer. “The Oryoku Maru Story,” Compiled by Four Survivors in 1983: (Taken from a legal summary from the War Crimes Trials). < www.oryokumaruonline. org/oryoku_maru_story.html>

74 Erickson, James W. “Oryoku Maru Roster.” .

75 World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946.

76 “Kelly Lost on Jap Transport,” Marshall News Messenger, July 26, 1945, page 1.

15 Captain Cary McClure Abney, Jr.

Second Lieutenant Thomas Underwood Austin, 77 Field Artillery, initially was reported as killed in the attack on the Oryoku Maru 78 but a later report stated he died January 28, 1945 on the Brazil Maru .79

Of the twenty Aggies listed in Captain Abney’s notebook, sixteen were killed or died: one on Bataan before the surrender, one at Cabanatuan, one in a prison camp in Korea, six on the Arisan Maru , four on the Shinyo Maru , one on the Enoura Maru , one (Captain Abney) on the Brazil Maru , and one in a prison camp in Japan. Only four survived the war. Captain Harry O. Fischer, Class of 1929, and Lieutenant Roy D. Russell, Class of 1942, survived the sinking of the Shinyo Maru and were rescued by the USS Narhal 80 and Captain Joseph A. Revak, Class of 1930, and Lieutenant Robley D. Evans, Class of 1940, were liberated from prison camps in Japan.

Of the 221 men whose names appear in Captain Abney’s notebook, 135 were killed in action, executed 81 or died during their captivity. Eighty-six survived, including one who escaped, 82 five who were rescued by the U. S. Navy after the ship on which they were being transported was sunk, and 80 who were liberated from prisoner of war camps in the Philippines, Korea, Manchuria and Japan. Ninety-nine died on Hell Ships.

77 He was the son of Charles Henry Austin, Jr. and Marie Bankston Lawson of Marshall.

78 “Kelly Lost on Jap Transport,” Marshall News Messenger, July 26, 1945, page 1.

79 Erickson, James W. “Oryoku Maru Roster.” . Information in Cary M. Abney’s file indicates he had been given the same information.

80 Mazza , Eugene E. “The American Prisoners of War Rescued after the sinking of the Japanese Transport, Shinyo Maru, by the USS Paddle, SS 263, on 7 September 1944.” .

81 In January 1942, after authorization by General Douglas MacArthur, Lieutenant Colonel Claude A. Thorp, four American officers and nine American enlisted men left Bataan and organized a guerrilla force. Colonel Thorp and others were captured October 29, 1942, and executed October 4, 1943, in La Loma Cemetery in Manila. Dizon, Herminia S. “The Complete Data Covering the Guerrilla Activities of the Late Col. Claude A. Thorp.” . Japanese records show he was executed as a guerrilla September 30, 1943. World War II Prisoners of the Japanese Data Files, created 4/2005 – 10/2007, documenting the period ca. 1941 – ca. 1945. .

82 Lt. Colonel John H. McGee escaped by jumping overboard from the Yashu Maru on the night of June 15, 1944, when the ship was in Zamboanga harbor to take POWs from the Davao Penal Colony to Cebu City. After escaping, he joined Guerrilla forces on Mindanao. McGee, John H., Rice and Salt. The Naylor Company, 1962.

16 Sources

Books.

Buchanan, A. Russell. The United States and World War II . Volumes I and II. New York: Harper & Row, 1964.

Detloff, Henry C. Texas Aggies Go to War . College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2006.

Ingham, Travis. Rendezvous by Submarine: The Story of Charles Parsons and the Guerilla-Soldiers in the Philippines . Doubleday, Doran and Company, 1945.

Lucas, John D. Escape from Davao., New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010

McGee, John H. Rice and Salt. The Naylor Company, 1962.

Mincho, Gregory F. Death on the Hellships:Prisoners at Sea in the Pacific War . Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2001.

Morton, Louis. The Fall of the Phillipines . Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army, 1953.

Wills, Donald H., and Reyburn Webb Myers. The Sea Was My Last Chance . McFarland & Co., 1992.

Articles and Compilations.

Brown, Colonel Charles M. Brown, Lieutenant Loyd E. Mills, Major Edward Konik, and Commander Arthur G. Beale, and Edward Fisher, DBC Liaison Officer. “The Oryoku Maru Story,” Compiled by Four Survivors in 1983: (Taken from a legal summary from the War Crimes Trials). < www.oryokumaruonline.org/oryoku_maru_story.html>

Dizon, Herminia S. “The Complete Data Covering the Guerrilla Activities of the Late Col. Claude A. Thorp.” A first-hand account by First Lieutenant Herminia S. Dizon, a member of Colonel Thorp’s guerrilla force captured by the Japanese placed in the National Archives. .

Erickson, James W. “Oryoku Maru Roster.” .

Frankell, Stanley A. “Frankel-y Speaking about World War II in the South Pacific.” .

17 Sources

Gordon, Richard M. “Bataan, Corregidor, and the Death March: In Retrospect.” Burnt Hills, New York. < http://home.pacbell.net/fbaldie/In_Retrospect.html>.

Mazza, Eugene E. “The American Prisoners of War Rescued after the sinking of the Japanese Transport, Shinyo Maru, by the USS Paddle, SS 263, on 7 September 1944.” .

McCoy, Commander Melvin H., and Lieutenant Colonel S. M. Mellnich. “Ten Escape from Tojo,” as told to Lt. Welbourn Kelly, USNR. .

United States Government Records.

World War II Casualties .

World War II Prisoners of War Data File, December 7, 1941 - November 19, 1946, documenting the period 12/7/1941 – 11/19/1946. .

World War II Prisoners of the Japanese Data Files, created 4/2005 – 10/2007, documenting the period ca. 1941 – ca. 1945. .

Military Citations.

Citation, Distinguished Service Cross awarded to First Lieutenant (Air Corps) Leo A. Boelens (ASN O-42688), Posthumously; General Orders: Headquarters, U. S. Army Forces in the Far East, General Orders No. 22 (1944).

Citation, Silver Star to First Lieutenant (Coast Artillery Corps) Lewis B. Chevaillier (ASN: 0-380494), United States Army. General Orders: Headquarters, U.S. Forces, Pacific, General Orders No. 225 (October 5, 1945)

Citation, Distinguished Service Cross awarded to Captain (Cavalry) John Z. Wheeler (ASN , 0346792), Posthumously; General Orders: Headquarters, U. S. Army Forces in the Far East, General Orders No. 14 (1942).

Websites.

American Battle Monuments Commission. < http://www.abmc.gov/search/wwii.php>.

Hellship Information and Photographs. .

History of U. S. Marine Corps, Operations in World War II, Appendix A, Marine POWs. .

18 Sources

Naval History and Heritage Command home page. USS Trout (SS-202), 1940-1944. .

The Fall of the Philippnes < http://ranger95.com/military_history/philippines>

The Hellships Memorial. .

The 7th Material Squadron, 19th Bomb Group, Clark Field P.I. 1941. < http://7th- material.org/>.

Philippine Scouts Heritage Society, .

Tangawa Osaka Area POW Command #4B.

Newspapers.

“Captain Cary Abney, “Lone Star Eagle, June 7, 2007.

“Kelly Lost on Jap Transport,” Marshall News Messenger, July 26, 1945, page 1.

“Marshallite Missing at Corregidor, Reported Alive and Jap War Prisoner,” Marshall News Messenger, December 16, 1942. page 1.

“Notes Long-Awaited Come to Marshallites from Jap Prisoners,” Marshall News Messenger, January 19, 1945, page 1.

Other.

Cary M. Abney’s Files and Correspondence.

19

EXHIBITS TRANSCRIBED OR PREPARED BY AUTHOR

Page

EXHIBIT “A” Entries (other than names) in Captain Abney’s Notebook 23

EXHIBIT “B” Tabulation of Numbers Killed, Escaped, Rescued or Liberated 31

EXHIBIT “C” Texas Aggies Listed in Captain Abney’s Notebook 33

EXHIBIT “D” Alphabetical List of Names in Captain Abney’s Notebook 37

EXHIBIT “E” Location and Dates of Death 59

EXHIBIT “F” Men who Escaped, were Rescued or Liberated 73

21

EXHIBIT “A”

Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

For reference, beginning at the front of the notebook, the first six pages are designated as pages a, b, c, d, e and f, and are shown in that order. Then, as Captain Abney apparently had done, the book was turned over and, beginning at the back-front, the pages are designated as pages 1 – 42.

Some notes regarding specific officers and men are included on the schedules listing the names identified in Captain Abney’s notebook and are not included on this exhibit.

Page a

In case of my death, mail this book to one of the following: Winston Taylor, Att. at Law, W. F.Young, both live in Marshall, Texas. 1st try to contact Taylor then Young.

Page b

The following are addresses of the men and officers I have known and wish to remember if and when I ever get out of this mess. Right Now I think my chances are nil! I have noted (with it) the names of the ones I have been closely associated with and who will be able to give some information about me.

1. 5 days in Bataan. 2. Filipinos in Hills – Suddenly. 3. To Orion in 1 P.M. 4. Nite at aid station. 5. Surrender. 6. Day in Orion – Jap from L. (illegible). 7. 36 hours in Balanga – Beach next 8. 48 hours in Gnagna 9. 48 hours in Hosiehda 10. 5 days at San Franado (San Fernando) 11. Train ride to Capas

I have an additional $5000.00 of Gov. insurance which is payable to my father with my mother as 1 st alternate, and my wife as 2 nd alternate. It is my desire that mydad take a trip with the money.

Signed Cary M. Abney, Jr.

23 EXHIBIT “A” - Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

Page 1

Original of data left with my friend X on page 24 to be mailed to Winston Taylor – friend dependable.

Addresses of Friends: (transcribed out of the note book I carried during the war)

Page 6

Capt. J. L. Daldivar, M.D. - - - - treated me after I was hit on Alongo R. Front yy

Page 12

Lt. Daniel J. Beyer - - - - I hid under his tank during a severe air raid at Margot – wrecked the place. “Mitchen lost”

Page 16

Lt. Eugene P. Boyt, Eng. - - - - Living with me when the Japanese blew our house to hell – killing 6 of the 9 occupants.

Page 17

Lt. Hugh J. Haslett, A.C. - - - - Went with Cooke and I on charge to reestablish O.PL.AR in Orion Sector 3/13/42 – “HELL!”

Page 19

Capt. Leslie F. Zimmerman - - - - with us on line 3 months

Lt. John W. Kelsey, A.C. - - - - Hit with shrapnel. At Cabacaban escaped. With me at time Bataan fell – lived!

Page 20

Lt. Earl D. Eggers, A.C. - - - - Commanding officer of the 2nd Observation Squadron when it was made into Infantry: gave me or got all of the data on the case of Corp. L. Tenny. Dr. Tenny was given to me as L. Tenny’s nearest relative.

Lt. Thomas U. Austin - - - - Grand parents were Mr. and Mrs. H. T. Bankston, Marshall, Texas.

24 EXHIBIT “A” - Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

Page 21

Lt. Fred P. LaBoon, Q.M.C. - - - - Brought in Capt Derick when lines were N. of Guagwa.

M. H. Cain - - - - Lt. Col. - - - - on boat with me.

Page 22

Murray Max L. Day, 1 st Lt, F.A. - - - - Prinston grad. Slept next to me when I was confined in #B with Malaria. Took care of me when I was all doped up on quinine.

Page 23

Calvin G. Jackson, Maj. M.C. - - - - Took care of me in #2 when I had Malaria. Mr. Otto Darnell took his whiskey away from him and broke the bottle during new years party at the country club in –Adley, Ohio. Jackson was responsible for getting me medicine for my throat ailment – Quite a relief.”

Page 24

At the top of page 24, the following entry appears, with a circled “X” following the name:

Eligio E. Fuerte State Employee Ponciano Reyes, at the Penal Colony Davao City in Davao % Simpelcio Fuerte HOME TOWN San Narciso, Sambaes This Filipino has given me food at a time when I needed it the worst! If I do not return, he should be rewarded. I think a suit and new shoes would do.

Capt. John H. O’Toole - - - - Met him hin boat going to Davao. Had a bad case of Beri Beri.

Capt R. M. Vick, Jr. - - - - Met on boat; consulting eng.

Page 25

Lt. Clifford Hardwick, Jr. - - - “Tex” was killed by sniper at McDonie. Recovered horses left by Capt Wheller’s Detail – Wheeler was wounded. Contact his family.

Silver Star – Maj. P. M. Jones January 20, 1942 Insurance ? Lost in Mts., got whole Reg. out.

25 EXHIBIT “A” - Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

Lt. Col. C. A. Thorp, Cav. Reg. Army, was with Hardwick when killed.

Page 26

Master Sgt. William G. Boyd - - - - Texas A&M C 17. Lost his commission. Divorced. Looked like a Kentucky Mountaineer – black beard.

Page 29

Lt. Henry E. Michelson, Jr. Killed on a patrol at Pillar Field, Bataan. Date: March 30, 1942. Time: 12:10 A.M. - - - - The patrol was sent on S-2 duty to Tenjeras – to establish observation and listening post. They left my H.Q. in the Orion Sector at 6:15 P.M. on March 29, 1946.

Page 31

E. B. Burgess, 1st Lt. A.C. Had completely lost his mind at the time I left the C.C. at Cabanatuan 10/26/42. Malnutrition is believed to be the primary cause, with severe Malaria as a contributory cause. Lived near Ft. Worth, Texas.

Capt. Charles Hoss. - - - - Died from - - - - Malaria and malnutrition - - - at Cabanatuan.

Maj. George Eaker, Riverside Calif. Died of Dyptheria at Cabanatuan.

Page 32

Close friend whom I saw die. - - - - Maj. “Buck” Davis - - - - lived in Lufkin, Texas - - - - Killed at Clark Field the first day; high flying bombers – at B.O.Q. I had his watch and the brass off of his uniform but same was lost when all my personal property had to be abandoned on retreat – due to lack of transportation.

Capt. Harry E. White - - - - Died at Cabanatuan C.C. Died of wet beriberi. I was on detail that took him to the hospital (call it a hospital if you dare: it was a hell hole if I ever saw one!) The primary cause of his death was malnutrition; he starved to death. Disentary were contributory causes.

Page 33

1st Sgt. Samuel J. Dawson - - - - “Missing in action” 4/7/41. Lost in evacuation of Clark Field. Not seen on Bataan. - - - - Has a mother and step father.

2nd Lt. William “Bill” F. Botterhill - - - - died of heat exhaustion - - - Lt. Lang saw him fall out but not dead. Believed to have died – sure within reason - - - believed to have been shot - - - never reached O’Donnell.

26 EXHIBIT “A” - Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

Page 35

In the last organized resistance on Bataan, I lost all of the men attached to me except Corporal Clyde Goolsby, 19044221, 7th Mat. Squadron. Goolsby was severely wounded, but lived. Pvt. James Kerr was killed by same bomb that hit me. Goolsby & Kerr are the only ones of the detail I can account for; however I know the rest were killed; none of them ever came to the prison camp; 4 were seen dead.

Corp. Clyde Goolsby, 1215 W. 9th Stillwater, Oklahoma. Wounded on Limay-Lamao line in Alonga R. sector.

Kerr killed at 12:A.M. Left leg blown off by dive bomber. Age 28. He said there was a mistake on his tag: sister who lived in PA. Was his only relative – her home was not stated correctly on his tag. His body was left on the line – 100 yds to R of road.

Page 36

Contact Dr. Tenny, Young Building, Marshall, Tex about the death of is brother. I did the best I could to get full inform.; the following is all there was available:

Name – Corp. L. Teny. Made Corp. 4/1/42. Had $10,000.00 Gov. Insurance as per Sgt. Fetterman. Died about May 12, 1942. Died at O’Donnell, Pampa, GA, P.I. Buried there, Died of Malaria and dysentery, possibly basilary. Had nothing of value on his person at the time of his death. Several members of the 2 nd Observation confirmed the fact that the boy died. There seems to be no doubt. The name and address of his commanding officer is listed in the address section of this book - Lt. E. Eggers – (page 20). Tenny commanded a machine gun squad. In the 2 nd Obs. Sqdn. – further info. from me.

Page 38

Claim for lost property were mailed to Winston Taylor with instructions to place them in safety deposit box 1 st Nat. Bank, Marshall, Texas.

I lost ALL property of all kind, either thru abandonment during retreat or from being stripped by Japanese soldiers: I have nothing of value in my possession at this time. 11/14/42

Debts To Be Paid

Wilber Hardy $10.00

I am indebted to the following men and arrangements should be made to pay them as soon as possible.

2 of my men let me have money & checks were given on the Marshall National Bank at Marshall, Texas.

27 EXHIBIT “A” - Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

Page 37

The checks were as follows:

Pvt Samuel Schueman - $125.00, La Plate, MD.

S/sg Ellis T. Britt 15.00

Schueman’s check was not dated. Britt lost his check. His address can be had by writing to the Adj. Gen., Washington, D.C. Page 39

The family is believed to have sent me 1 check for Xmas 1941 – it was not received – a claim should be made for same.

My allotment was raised to 225.00 starting Jan. 1, 1942 – for an indefinite period .

11/14/42 I took and am carrying 5,000.00 Gov. Insurance – in addition to that which I already have. It is payable to my father, then mother, and then my wife. It is my intention that both parents will have passed away before my wife to receive any of the money from this particular policy.

Signed Cary M. Abney, Jr. Capt. U. S. Army Air Corps

My Tex. A&M College Class Ring, wedding ring, silver Capt. Bars, and

Page 40 money sent home before and during war.

Money order for 50.00

1. Number 119143 2. Payable to my wife 3. Mailed to U.S. by registered air 12/2/41 4. Bought at Ft. Stotsenburg, Pampanga, P.I. 12/2/41

I feel sure the letter was lost. Check to see if the money was received.

U. S. Army Pay check $475.00

1. Number of check 37,941 on the account of Brinkmeyer 2. Voucher No. 4675 3. Payable to myself and indorsed to my wife

28 EXHIBIT “A” - Entries in Captain Abney’s Notebook

4. Mailed March 2, 1942 5. Was my pay Feb. 28, 1942 6. Mailed on Bataan & taken to Corragidor same day 7. It is believed the letter was taken by the Japanese 8. Letter addressed to wife. Check to see if it was rec’d.

Page 41

Addition to other duties when Captain J. Y. Parker went to hospital. Pushed out of Orion Sector 4/8/42. Fought a disasterous rear guard action back to line between Limay and Lamio – on Alonga River. Line completely shattered by Japanese Infantry the following day at 4:00 P.M. The attempt to form a line at cab cabin were a total failure ! – S.N.A.F.U.”

“Surrender at Bataan 4/9/42 Took to Hills & Surrendered Taken to O’Donnel 5/3/42 Taken to Cabanatuan 6/2/42 I left the C.C. at Cabanatuan 10/26/42 Taken to Mindanao to Penal Colony near Davao 11/8/42

Page 42

Left Marshall, Texas 3/26/41 to take 1 year in U. S. Army. Reported for duty 3/28/41. Made Captain 8/11/41. Ordered to Philippines 8/11/41. Left Ft. Mason, San Francisco Aug 29, 1941. Arrived in Manila, P.I. 9.16/ 41. To Clark Field, Pampanga, PI as Investigating Officer and Assistant Post Adjutant. Organized & Commanded HW and HW Squadron 4th Comp. Group until 2 days before war. Made Post Adj. of Clark Field under Maj. M. Daly. Took the Post Adj. job at the time war broke. Orders never published. Clark Field evacuated 12/24/41. Transferred to Service Com. Under Col. Laughing-House. Organized into Infantry 1/--/42. Organized Orion Sector & went to front in Hosienden –Abnci Line –ABO-ABO River area. Fell back to Orion Sector 4 hours later. Adj. of 1st Prov. Air Corps Infantry. Took over G-2 Duties.

29

EXHIBIT "B" Tabulation of Numbers Killed, Escaped, Rescued or Liberated

Names in Notebook (some illegible not included) 221

Deaths Killed on Bataan or Bataan Death March 6 Died or Killed at Camp O-Donnell 1 Died or Killed at Cabanatuan 3 Died or Killed at other locations in Philippines 4 Executed according to Japanese records 9/30/43 1 Died at Prison Camp in Korea 1 Died at Prison Camps in Japan 19 Location not Shown in Records 1 Died or Killed on Hell Ships: Unidentified ship from Olongapo to San Fernando 2 Arisan Maru 28 Brazil Maru 13 Enoura Maru 23 Oryoku Maru 9 Shinyo Maru 24 Total Killed or Died on Ships 99 Total Deaths Shown by Records 135

Escaped 1 Rescued by U. S. Navy after Ship Sank 5 Liberated at: Bilibid or Cabanatuan 3 Canabatuan 3 Daveo 9 Korea 9 Manchuria 3 Philippines, location not shown 3 Osaka 19 Fukuosa POW Camp 1 11 Other POW Camps in Tokyo Area 9 Location not Known 11 Total Liberated 80 Total Known to have Survived 86 Total 221

31

EXHIBIT "C" Texas Aggies listed in Notebook of Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Rank Last Name First Name Middle Branch State City Notes Page Date of Place of Liberated or Init. Death Death Rescued at Capt. Abney, Jr. Cary M. F.A. TX Mashall 1/28/45 Brazil Maru M. Sgt. Boyd, Class of William G. CA Salinas Lost his commission. 26 10/24/44 Arisan Maru 1927 Divorced. Looked like a Kentucky Mountaineer - black beard. Cerebral malaria.

Capt. Brundrett, Class George C. TX Wichita Falls 25 7/4/45 Inchon, Korea of 1933, O- 311944 1st. Lt. Burgess, Class of Edgar B. A.C. TX Ft. Worth Had completely lost 30 10/24/44 Arisan Maru 1938, O-365275 his mind at the time I left the C.C. at Cabanatuan 10/26/42. Malnutrian is believed to be the primary cause, with severe Malaria as a contributory cause.

1st. Lt. Chenault, Class Maxey C. A.C. TX Snyder 22 9/7/44 Shinyo Maru of 1937 Lt. Evans, Class of Robley D. F.A. TX Vernon 7 Osaka 1940

Page 33 EXHIBIT "C" Texas Aggies listed in Notebook of Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Maj. Fischer, Class of Harry O. Eng. TX San Antonio 14 Survived 1929 sinking of Shinyo, rescued by USS Narhal Capt. Froebel, Class of Gus H. TX San Antonio 8 9/7/44 Shinyo Maru 1935 Lt. Hardwick, Jr., Clifford G. TX Sherman "Tex" was killed by 25 1/18/42 Morong, Class of 1937 sniper at Moron. Bataan Recovered horses left by Capt. Wheeler's detail - Wheeler was wounded. Contact his family.

Capt. Henry, Class of James M. A.C. TX Kingsville 7 10/24/44 Arisan Maru 1939 Lt. Kennady, Jr., Marshall H. TX Ft. Worth Tanks 12 2/19/45 Fukuoka Class of 1940, O- Camp 1 389727 Maj. King, Class of John V. AGD TX Bryan 13 1/9/45 Enoura Maru 1922 Capt. Millard, Class of Melvin R. TX Ft. Worth 10/24/44 Arisan Maru 1940 Capt. Miller, Class of Ross I. TX Bryan 9/7/44 Shinyo Maru 1939

Page 34 EXHIBIT "C" Texas Aggies listed in Notebook of Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. 2nd Lt. Muse. Class of John W. A.C. TX Dallas Died at Cabanatuan 30 7/25/42 Cabanatuan 1940 C.C. on July 25, 1942. died of celeberal Malaria.

Capt. Revak, Class of Joseph A. Ord. TX Beaumont 6 Fukuoka 1930 Camp 1 Lt. Col. Rogers, Class of Rufus H. TX Del Rio Texas A&M 26 9/7/44 Shinyo Maru 1926 graduate. Has 1 of the copies to codicil to will. Lt. Russell, Class of Roy D. TX Ft. Worth "Frogie" 26 Survived 1942 sinking of Shinyo, rescued by USS Narhal Lt. Stukenburg, John Darrell OK Ardmore 10/24/44 Arisan Maru Class of 1940 Capt. Vick, Jr., Class of Roy M. TX Bryan Met on boat; 24 10/24/44 Arisan Maru 1935, O-328575 consulting eng.

20 Texas Aggies, including Abney; are among the names in his notebook.. Of those, one escaped, three survived, and sixteen were killed in action or were killed or died while prisoners. Six died on the Arisan Maru , four on the Shinyo Maru , one on the Enoura Maru and two, including Abney, on the Brazil Maru . One was killled in action before the surrender at Bataan and two died in a POW camps.

Information as to death and liberation obtained from The National Archives, World War II Prisoners of War Data File, 12/7/1941 - 11/19/1946, and and Davao Penal Colony #502(DEPOCOL) Primary Camp Roster based on NARA Card Files(many are incorrectly listed and/or omitted).

The Arisan Maru, Brazil Maru, Enoura Maru, Oryoku Maru, and Shinyo Maru were freighters on which prisoners were transported from camps in the Philippines to Japan and other locations. Abney was on the Oryoku when it was sunk in Subic Bay, then loaded on the Enoura and after it was sunk he and the other survivors were loaded on the Brazil Maru.

Page 35

EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Rank Last Name First Name Middle Branch State City Notes Page Date of Place of Death Liberated at Init. Death Capt. Abney, Jr. Cary M. F.A. TX Marshall 1/28/45 Brazil Lt. Alder Dwayne W. F.A. UT Nuduale 5 1/24/45 Brazil Capt. Altman Jack C. TX Amarillo 1 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Amend Don A. Inf. KS Wichita f 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Amos Frederick C. MO Kansas City Architect e Davao 2d. Lt. Arnold Igor S. Inf. Berkley Russian Boy. Was 24 Davao in Islands before war. Tall & had unusual voice, Inf. In Phil. Army.

Lt. Akins William T. AC TX Also knew John 19 Location not Abney. shown; POW Grandfather in camp in Korea "pen." Lt. Austin Thomas U. F.A. TX Marshall 20 1//28/45 Brazil Pvt. Ayers Billy A. A.C. TX Marshall 20 Fukuoka Camp per Marshall News Messenger

2nd Lt. Bandy Kenneth A A.C. TX Gainesville Ruben's friend c 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Bank Bert A.C. AL Tusculosa 18 Cabanatuan (Bertram) Capt. Barker Robert A. IL Springfield Regular Army, anti- 6 1/17/45 Brazil tank co. Capt. Bartholomees Louis CO Denver 13 12/15/44 Oryoku

Page 37 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Maj. Batson, Jr. Howard M. F.A, WV Mannington e 1/30/45 Moji Hosp Capt. Beall John F. TX Farwell C515th, O-40593 22 2/8/45 Fuk-17-Omuta

Capt. Berry Frederick L. NV Burlingame 22 Fukuoka Camp 1 2nd Lt. Berry Gleneth B. OK Granite f Korea Capt. Bewley Edward N. CA Los Altos e 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Beyer Daniel J. WI Milwaukee 12 Not shown Capt. Bigger Theodore C. A.C. SC York 14 Davao Capt. Bleich L. C. M.C. NY Buffalo 15 Osaka Capt. Bond Dow G. NM Taos 19 Osaka 2nd Lt. Botterill, Jr. William F. CO Denver Died of heat 33 Bataan Death exhaustion. Lt. March Lang saw him fall out, but not dead. Believed to have died - sure within reason. Orinio and Lubon Balanga and Orinio. More than likely Orinio & Lus. Believed to have been shot. Never reached O'Donnel.

Capt. Bovee Frank W. C.A. MI Lansing 10 2/18/45 Fuk-01-Main

Page 38 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

M. Sgt. Boyd, Class of William G. CA Salinas Lost his 26 10/24/44 Arisan 1927 commission. Divorced. Looked like a Kentucky Mountaineer - black beard. Cerebral malaria.

Lt. Boyt Eugene P. Eng. MO Rolla Living with me 16 Osaka when the Japanese blew our house to hell - killing 6 of the occupants.

Maj. Braun Albert W. Chaplin NM Mescalero 26 Bilibid Brinkmeyer J. E. TX Dallas f Tokyo S/Sgt. Britt Ellis T. A.C. CT 37 Manchuria Lt Broadwater Robert J. F.A. OR Corvallis 13 Osaka Capt. Browne Albert IA Council Bluff Dental Officer at 1 Japan Stotsenburg PFC Browne V. R. e 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Brundrett, Class George C. TX Wichita Falls 25 7/4/45 Inchon, Korea of 1933

Page 39 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

1st. Lt. Burgess Edgar B. A.C. TX Ft. Worth Had completely 30 10/24/44 Arisan lost his mind at the time I left the C.C. at Cabanatuan 10/26/42. Malnutrian is believed to be the primary cause, with severe Malaria as a contributory cause.

Capt. Burson C. E. DDS CO Denver Dentist with 200th 15 Not Shown

Capt. Byrne Patrick J. A.C. NY Yonkers Got ambushed 14 1/9/45 Enoura (lived) at first of war. Lt. Col. Cain Memory H. F.A. NM Deming 21 Not Shown Lt. Cannon, Jr. Charles M. A.C. FL Tampa Knew Tom Abney 18 1/12/43 Osaka

2nd Lt. Carleton Robert K. F.A. NY Stone Ridge c 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Chalek William D. A.C. IL Chicago 18 Fukuoka Camp 1 1st. Lt. Chenault, Class Maxey C. A.C. TX Snyder 22 9/7/44 Shinyo of 1937 Pvt. Cleveland James A. TX Carthage 698 Ord. e 9/7/44 Shinyo 1st Sgt. Coleman Charles C. WV Hurricane 14 Osaka

Page 40 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Coleman Lloyd A. A.C. MS Doddsville 11 Korea Lt. Col. Compton Irving TX Mineral Wells 21 12/15/44 Oryoku Lt. Comuntzis John N. A.C. WV Fairmont 14 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Cooke James H. A.C. VT Burlington One of the Lts. 3 6/18/43 Osaka With me when we charged to reestablish__ P.L AR in Orion Sector March 13, 1942 10:00 A.M. Lt. Costigan Harold E. MO Grain Valley Tanks 9 Davao Capt. Croom Clifford A. TX Houston Humble Oil & 16 10/24/44 Arisan Refining Lt. Crowl Gordon S. OH Columbus Botony Dept, Ohio 7 9/7/44 Shinyo State Col. Daly Maurice F. AC CT Hartford 10 1/21/45 Brazil Capt. D'Amore Adanto A. S. M.C. OH Youngstown O-21037 c Tokyo Lt. Danca Richard E. IL Forest Park 2 11/13/42 Philippines

Page 41 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Capt. Davis Buck TX Lufkin Killed at Clark Field 32 12/8/41 Bataan the first day. High flying Japanese Bombert - at B.O.Q. I had his watch and the brass off of his uniform but same was lost when all my personal property had to be abandoned on retreat due to lack of transportation.

Maj. Davis W. R. NM Clovis 9 10/24/44 Arisan

Page 42 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

1st Sgt. Dawson Samuel J. My 1st Sgt. Hq. and 32 MIA 4/27/42 Philippines Hq. Sqdn. 4th Comp. Gp. Clark Field, Pampanga, P.I. Lost in evacuaton of Clark Field. Not seen on Bataan. Parents live in Ft. Worth. Has a mother and step father.

1st Lt. Day Murray M. F.A. NH Temple Prinston Grad. 22 1/9/45 Enoura Slept next to me when I was confined in #2 with Malaria. Took care of me when I was doped up on Quinine.

Capt. Day Roy W. M.C. CA Oakdale 7 Tokyo Capt. Derrick Ralph R. P.I. Manila 4 Korea W/O Dieckman John H. CA 2 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Dixon, Jr. Wiley Lee KY Henderson Regular Army, Inf. 7 1/2/43 Zentsuji

Page 43 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Donlon, Jr. James D. F.A. CA Antioch 5 Survived Shinyo, rescued by Narhal S/Sgt. Downing Carl E. TX Hilsboro Had known John 19 Manchuria Abney at Hilsboro, Tex. Capt. Durie A. E. TX Houston A French boy: met 24 1/20/45 Brazil on boat card. Rich. Mos--- Lt. Eggers Earl D. A.C. ID Caldwell Gave me the data 20 12/15/44 Oryoku on Corp. L. Tenny.

Lt. Evans, Class of Robley D. F.A. TX Vernon 7 Osaka 1940 Capt. Field Albert K. C.A. NM Deming d 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Finigan Charles R. MT St. Paul e 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Fink Hugh H. F.A. TX El Paso 13 1/25/45 Brazil Maj. Fischer, Class of Harry O. Eng. TX San Antonio 14 Survived 1929 Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Lt. Forsythe John Royden MD Baltimore 3 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Frank Legrand C. QMC UT Salt Lake City Bishop in Morman 18 2/19/43 Tanaga Church 1st Lt. Franks Perry L. MI Melford 21 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Froebel, Class of Gus H. TX San Antonio 8 9/7/44 Shinyo 1935

Page 44 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Fuerte Eligio E. Sambales, San This Filipino has 24 Narcisco, P.I. given me food at a time when I needed it the worst! If I do not return he should be rewarded. I think a suit and new shoes would do. Capt. Gamelgaard Irwin W. F.A. WA Seattle 13 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Garrett Charles I. KY Ludlow 8 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Garrett James E. OK Oklahoma City Has 1 copy of the 16 10/24/44 Arisan (only) codicil to my will. Lt. Geer Paul AC & F.A. OK Oklahoma City 9 Osaka

Lt. Girsi Edward E. CA San Francisco 3 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Glebis Anthony L. A.C. WI Racine Big Lithuanyan Boy. 11 1/10/45 Enoura

Lt. Goodman Shields Navy KY Louisville d 12/15/44 Oryoku Lt. Goodpasture, Jr. John A. VA Briston 10 Korea

Corp. Goolsby Clyde OK Stilwater Wounded on Limay- 31 Not Shown Lamao line in Alanga R. Sector.

2d. Lt. Goyne Leonard O. TX Ft. Worth d 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Col. Greathouse Albert T. Inf. WA Seattle f Davao

Page 45 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Haile, II Ernest S. C.A. Cuba Havana 13 9/7/44 Shinyo Cpl. Harrold Abner A.C. OK Edmonton f Osaka Lt. Col. Hardee David L. Inf. NC Durham 12 Davao Lt. Hardwick, Jr., Clifford G. TX Sherman "Tex" was killed by 25 1/18/42 Morong, Class of 1937 sniper at Moron. Bataan Recovered horses left by Capt. Wheeler's detail - Wheeler was wounded. Contact his family.

2d. Lt. Harris Richard E. e 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Haslett Hugh J. A.C. ND Grand Forks 17 Date not Location not Not in NARA or shown shown Japanese POW lists 1st. Lt. Hausmann Carl W. NJ Weehauwken Catholic Priest d 1//25/45 Brazil Lt. Heard, Jr. Willie S. LA West Monroe Lawyer 9 10/24/44 Arisan Maj. Heidger Luther C. M.C. CT Bridgport 25 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Henry, Class of James M. A.C. TX Kingsville 7 10/24/44 Arisan 1939 Maj. Hicker Eugene S. ID Burley 26 Fukuoka Camp 1 Capt. Hill Edward L. WA Seattle Druggist in No. 36; 4 12/7/42 Philippines sick as hell; was to marry Army Nurse.

Maj. Hill Robert Eng. Manila, P.I. Philippine Army 1 Cabanatuan

Page 46 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Hilley Arthur G. A.C. TX Sidney 11 Osaka Capt. Hooker Thane H. MI Rochester 4 1/9/45 Enoura Civilian Hornstein Max Switze St. Gall Interned with us at c Davao rland Davao Penal Colony. Lt. Col. Hunter R. G. F.A. IL Chicago 12 10/24/44 Arisan Illegible Remainder of page 27 is illegible due to smearing of ink entries. Illegible Most of this page is 29 illegible. Maj. Irons Arthur L. WA Seattle Dentist at 10 Korea Stotsenburg. Maj. Jackson Calvin G. M.C. OH Kenton Took care of me in 23 Tokyo # 2 when I had malaria. Mr. Jackson was responsible for getting me medicine for my throat ailment - quite a relief! 1st Lt. Jenks Leonard C. B. A.C. OK Oklahoma City 17 9/7/44 Shinyo

Cpl. Jensen D. D. A.C. WI Racine 23 Osaka Capt. Jimerson H. A. AZ Tuscon 9 2/4/45 Kokura Mil. Hosp. Maj. Johnson Lee AG CA San Francisco 15 1/9/45 Enoura

Page 47 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Johnson Russell B. A.C. OK Smithville 3 Osaka Maj. Jones Paul M. Cav. DC Washington Silver Star. January 17, 25 10/24/44 Arisan 20, 1942. Insurance? Lost in Mts., got whole Reg. out.

2nd Lt. Jones Paul P. A.C. TX Austin Married. Just 29 1/4/43 Cabanatuan before leaving died of Malaria & dysentary. Texas Univ. Graduate. Capt. Jones, Jr. Ernest W. AZ Tuscon 2 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Junker, Jr. Edward NM Tohatchi d Korea Lt. Kaster Jack L. A.C. TX El Paso Hit at C. Field 1st 17 12/28/44 Enoura day - lived Lt. Kelsey John W. A.C. NY NY Hit with shrapnel. 19 3/15/45 Fukuoka #4 At Cabcabanan. Escaped. With me at time Bataan fell - lived.

2d. Lt. Kelso Walter H. A.C. TX Galveston d 3/4/45 Fukuoka Camp 1 Lt. Kennady, Jr., Marshall H. TX Ft. Worth Tanks 12 2/19/45 Fukuoka Camp Class of 1940 1

Page 48 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Pvt. Kerr James Killed at 12:00 AM 31 4/8/42 Bataan left leg blown off by dive bomber, age 28. His body was left on the line - 100 yds to R. of road.

Maj. King, Class of John V. AGD TX Bryan 13 1/9/45 Enoura 1922 Capt. Knapp Raymond H. QMC TX San Antonio 2 Philippines Lt. LaBoon Fred P. QMC OK Oklahoma City 21 Osaka

Lt. Lancanster, Jr. Ollie A.C. FL Daytona Beach 18 Osaka

Lt. Lang, Jr. William J. A.C. TX Richardson 11 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Laragay Edwin J. DDS NP Patterson Dental Officer in 12 1/23/45 Brazil #30 Col. Laughinghouse N. R. Location not shown Capt. Lawton Marion R. SC Garnett Col. Irwing's exec. d Korea

Maj. Lester John E. Ord. TX Dallas f Fukuoka Camp 1 Lt. Col. Lewis John L. F.A. AR Lake Village 21 1/28/45 Brazil Lt. Livergood Wayme A.C. TX Houston 6 10/24/44 Arisan 1st Lt. Lloyd Tony B. C.A. WA Waitsburg My room mate on 2 Not shown Nagoya Sub boat. Camp #2

Page 49 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Capt. Lucas Marvin H. F.A. NM Albuqurque 19 Fukuoka Camp 1 Maj. Luetzel William P. QMC MI Berkley 18 2/16/45 Kokura Mil. Hosp. 1st Lt. Lyon Julian V. NC Creedmoor f Korea Lt. Markham, O- Warren H. A.C. CA Long Beach 14 1/9/45 Enoura 385596 Capt. Martin Brice J. Inf. TX Houston 11 Location not shown Capt. McCorkel "Chick" Killed by a sniper in 28 2/10/42 Bataan the Orion Sector 2/10/42. --- Came over on boat with me. --- Had a wife and 2 children. --- Contact Lt. Eggers to get the address of his wife - none of his property was saved.

Lt. McCown Johnny A.C. TX Grandview 15 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Col. McGee John H. WI Plymouth 26 Escaped

Page 50 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Michelson Henry E. Killed on a patrol at 28 3/20/42 Bataan Pillar Field, Bataan, March 20, 1942 at 12:10 A.M.

Capt. Millard, Class of Melvin R. TX Ft. Worth e 10/24/44 Arisan 1940 Maj. Miller Charles W. A.C. OK Sapula 15 12/14/44 Oryoku Ens. Miller George H. USNR CA San Francisco e 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Miller Robert N. NH Littleton 3 Cabanatuan or Bilibid Capt. Miller, Class of Ross I. TX Bryan e 9/7/44 Shinyo 1939 2nd Lt. Milligan J. C. A.C. CA Oxnard 28th Bomb Sqd. 22 1/9/45 Enoura Clark Field "Mike" at Davao Colony. Saw Mill-10 days for a paper.

Lt. Monteith Charles F. F.A. KS Hoxie 13 11/18/42 Philippines W/O Moore Charles A.C. NM Albuqurque 11 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Morrett John J. OH Springfield 10 Survived Rescued by Shinyo USS Narhal Lt. Mossel Ben A.C. MO Kansas City Lawyer, lived with 3 10/24/44 Arisan me at Clark Field.

Page 51 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

2nd Lt. Muse. Class of John W. A.C. TX Dallas Died at 30 7/25/42 Cabanatuan 1940 Cabanatuan C.C. on July 25, 1942. died of celeberal Malaria. Capt. Myers Gordon R WI Racine 1 1/13/45 Enoura 2nd Lt. Nicol James C. A.C. TX Ft. Worth F.B.I. Agent c 9/7/44 Shinyo Maj. O'Brion K. J. A.C. CA San Francisco 10 12/15/44 Oryoku Capt. O'Neal Norris AR Hope 26 1/13/45 Enoura Capt. O'Toole John H. C.A. OK Tulsa Met him on boat 24 Not Shown going to Davao. Had a bad case of Beri Beri. 1st Lt. Owen Romaine W. KY Ft. Thomas f Manchuria Capt. Parker James Y. A.C. TX Tyler 14 Osaka 1st Lt. Percy George W. A.C. MO St. Louis Young Lawyer 2 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Perrenot Travis E. F.A. TX San Antonio 12 1/22/45 Brazil T/Sgt Peterson William QMC NY Long Island 20 Cabanatuan Maj. Pettit, Jr. R. C. F.A. NY Lynbrook New York City Fire 9 1/9/45 Enoura Chief. 1st Lt. Powell James P. A.C. MA Cambridge 17 Osaka Maj. Powell, Jr. T. N. C.E. GA Macon d 12/15/44 Oryoku His father was on the same ship and was killed the same day.

2d. Lt. Preston Everett R. KY Burg e 4/21/45 Fuk-01B-Main

Page 52 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Capt. Price Roscoe Inf. CO LaSalle 7 Fukuoka Camp 1 Lt. Rathblott Irving QMC PA Philadelphia 10 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Redfield Martin E. F.A. FL Orlando 8 12/27/44 On ship from Olongapo to SanFernando, P.I. Maj. Reed Fritz L CA Arcadia f 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Revak, Class of Joseph A. Ord. TX Beaumont 6 Fukuoka Camp 1930 1 Capt. Rice Emery L. ID Eagle 22 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Rice Glenn A.C. TX Denton 14 Osaka Lt. Col. Roberts R. F. AL Myrtlewood f 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Robinson Donald W. M.C. ND Garrison 15 Philippines Lt. Col. Rogers, Class of Rufus H. TX Del Rio Texas A&M 26 9/7/44 Shinyo 1926 graduate. Has 1 of the copies to codicil to will. 2nd Lt. Rowley Charles W. Inf. NY Lockport c 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Russell, Class of Roy D. TX Ft. Worth "Frogie" 26 Survived 1942 Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Capt. Sadler James E. NM Santa Fe 5 1/16/45 Brazil Capt. Saldivar Julian L. M.C. TX Austin Treated me after I 6 Tokyo was hit on Alongo R. Front. Capt. Sanders Chester QMC DC Washington 27 Cabanatuan or Bilibid

Page 53 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Sgt. Schulman Samuel S. A.C. MD La Platta 27 Fukuoka Camp 1 Maj. Scholes Robert D. Inf. CA San Francisco Lawyer 8 2/11/45 Fukuoka Camp 1; was yes Maru Capt. Schroeder Karl W. KS Hials Boro Going to Tex. U. 6 2/11/45 Fuk-01-Main Law School. Capt. Schwass Ruben H. Tank Off. IL Melrose Park Tank Officer, a 1 4/6/43 Zentsuji Dutchman. W/O Scott Roderick S. A.C. MD Pisgah 12 10/24/44 Arisan Maj. Shearn III Charles P. TX Houston 21 12/15/44 Oryoku Capt. Sherman Frederick S. NM Deming 4 2/8/45 Fuk-03-Yawata

Lt. Sherman Hyman V. QMC CA Los Angeles 10 12/23/44 On ship from Olongapo to San Fernando, P.I.

Capt. Sherman Raymond G. WS Ironton c 2/21/45 Fuk-03-Yawata

Pvt. Shewmaker Reid KY Harrodsburg f Location not shown Capt. Skarda Cash T. NM Cloves Law student at 4 Fukuoka Camp Washing Lee 1 University. Capt. Smarr Lawrence K. F.A. MO Columbia 8 1/9/45 Enoura Maj. Sneed Charles R. A.C. TX Hamilton Bill Lane's friend c 1/9/45 Enoura Maj. Snyder Campbell H. LA Elm Grove e 12/15/44 Oryoku

Page 54 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Lt. Steinhouser, Jr. Charles A. OR Seattle 9 Survived Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Capt. Stober Henry B. OH Cincinnati Chaplin 16 1/5/45 Enoura Lt. Stukenburg, John Darrell OK Ardmore f 10/24/44 Arisan Class of 1940 2nd Lt. Taylor, Jr. William M A.C. TX Corsicana Architect c 9/7/44 Shinyo Cpl. Tenny Leighton P. A.C. TX Marshall Made Corp. 32 5/1/42 O'Donnell 4/11/42. As per Sgt. Fetterman, died about May 12, 1942 at O'Donnell. Buried there. Died of Malaria.

Capt. Thompson J. W. WA Seattle 7 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Col. Thorp Claude A. C.A. Was with Hardwick 25 9/30/43 Executed, when killed. location not shown 1st Lt. Tucker Chester H. f 1/13/45 Enoura Lt. Ulak Bruno S. Ord. NJ Camden 19 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Underwood Charles C. TX Amarillo 5 Location not shown Capt. Ushakoff M. M. A.C. WA Seattle Former Russian 15 Tokyo Officer. Capt. Van der Heiden Joseph G. NB Nebraska City Priest 21 1/20/45 Brazil

Page 55 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Van Diggele Zacharias Dutch Alphen a/d Run, f Location not Marines Hoofdstraat shown 256, Zuid Holland

Lt. Col. Van Nostrand William S. Cav. d 1/9/45 Enoura Maj. Van Oosten A. J. IL Addison Born in Holland 1 Fukuoka Camp 1 Capt. Vick, Jr., Class of R. M. TX Bryan Met on boat; 24 10/24/44 Arisan 1935 consulting eng. Lt. Walcher Bruce QMC IL Witt 18 Osaka S/Sgt. Walther Frederick C. A.C. UT North Provo c Davao Capt. Weikel Ivan W. Ord. OR Corvallis 5 Osaka Capt. Wetsel Kenneth F. Inf. CA San Francisco 16 9/7/44 Shinyo

Page 56 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

Capt. White Harry E. MS Florence Died at 32 Cabanatuan Cabanatuan C.C. of wet Beriberi. I was on the detail that took him to the hospital (call it a hospital if you like. It was a hell hole if I ever saw one!)The primary cause of his death was malnutrition. He starved to death; Malaria and Disentary were contributory causes.

Capt. Whittenburg Floyd E. Ord. CA Riverside 2 Korea Maj. Wolfe Albert C. Inf. Wisc Plainfield 11 Philippines Lt. Col. Woodbridge John P. F.A. TX San Antonio c 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Wright Harold B. C.A. OK Tallant 17 2/8/45 Fuk-01-Main Capt. Yeager Frederick J. DC Washington 6 Osaka Capt. Zimmerman Leslie F. WA Seattle 19 Tokyo Information as to death and liberation obtained from The National Archives, World War II Prisoners of War Data File, 12/7/1941 - 11/19/1946, World War II Prisoners of the Japanese Data Files, created 4/2005 - 10/2007, documenting the period ca. 1941 - ca 1945, and Davao Penal Colony #502(DEPOCOL) Primary Camp Roster based on NARA Card Files(many are incorrectly listed and/or omitted.)

Page 57 EXHIBIT "D" Alphabetical List and Status of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Those Killed or Died are in Italics

The Arisan Maru, Brazil Maru, Enoura Maru, Oryoku Maru, and Shinyo Maru were freighters on which prisoners were transported from camps in the Philippines to Japan and other locations. Abney was on the Oryoku when it was sunk in Subic Bay, then loaded on the Enoura and after it was sunk he and the other survivors were loaded on the Brazil Maru.

NOTE: In the absence of other information, the place of liberation is the last location of a POW shown in the NARA records and is not in all cases the place where the individual was actually liberated. For example, NARA lists Captain Robert N. Miller and Captain Chester Sanders at Cabanatuan but they are not listed in the Canabatuan Liberation Roster and Captain Sanders was at Bilibid as late as December 13, 1944.

Page 58 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Rank Last Name First Name Middle Branch State City Notes in Page Date of Place of Death Init. Notebook Death Capt. Altman Jack C. TX Amarillo 1 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Amend Don A. Inf. KS Wichita f 10/24/44 Arisan M. Sgt. Boyd, Class of William G. CA Salinas Lost his 26 10/24/44 Arisan 1927 commission. Divorced. Looked like a Kentucky Mountaineer - black beard. Cerebral malaria.

PFC Browne V. R. 10/24/44 Arisan 1st. Lt. Burgess Edgar B. A.C. TX Ft. Worth Had completely 30 10/24/44 Arisan lost his mind at the time I left the C.C. at Cabanatuan 10/26/42. Malnutrian is believed to be the primary cause, with severe Malaria as a contributory cause.

2nd Lt. Carleton Robert K. F.A. NY Stone Ridge c 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Croom Clifford A. TX Houston Humble Oil & 16 10/24/44 Arisan Refining

Page 59 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Maj. Davis W. R. NM Clovis 9 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Field Albert K. C.A. NM Deming d 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Garrett Charles I. KY Ludlow 8 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Garrett James E. OK Oklahoma City Has 1 copy of the 16 10/24/44 Arisan (only) codicil to my will. Lt. Heard, Jr. Willie S. LA West Monroe Lawyer 9 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Henry, Class of James M. A.C. TX Kingsville 7 10/24/44 Arisan 1939 Lt. Col. Hunter R. G. F.A. IL Chicago 12 10/24/44 Arisan Maj. Jones Paul M. Cav. DC Washington Silver Star. January 17, 25 10/24/44 Arisan 20, 1942. Insurance? Lost in Mts., got whole Reg. out. Capt. Jones, Jr. Ernest W. AZ Tuscon 2 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Lang, Jr. William J. A.C. TX Richardson 11 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Livergood Wayme A.C. TX Houston 6 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Millard, Class of Melvin R. TX Ft. Worth 10/24/44 Arisan 1940 Lt. Mossel Ben A.C. MO Kansas City Lawyer, lived with 3 10/24/44 Arisan me at Clark Field.

1st Lt. Percy George W. A.C. MO St. Louis Young Lawyer 2 10/24/44 Arisan Maj. Reed Fritz L CA Arcadia c 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Rice Emery L. ID Eagle 22 10/24/44 Arisan 2nd Lt. Rowley Charles W. Inf. NY Lockport c 10/24/44 Arisan W/O Scott Roderick S. A.C. MD Pisgah 12 10/24/44 Arisan Lt. Stukenburg, Class John Darrell OK Ardmore f 10/24/44 Arisan of 1940

Page 60 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Capt. Thompson J. W. WA Seattle 7 10/24/44 Arisan Capt. Vick, Jr., Class of R. M. TX Bryan Met on boat; 24 10/24/44 Arisan 1935 consulting eng. Capt. Davis Buck TX Lufkin Killed at Clark Field 32 12/8/41 Bataan the first day. High flying Japanese Bombert - at B.O.Q. I had his watch and the brass off of his uniform but same was lost when all my personal property had to be abandoned on retreat due to lack of transportation.

Lt. Hardwick, Jr., Clifford G. TX Sherman "Tex" was killed by 25 1/18/42 Morong, Bataan Class of 1937 sniper at Moron. Recovered horses left by Capt. Wheeler's detail - Wheeler was wounded. Contact his family.

Page 61 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Pvt. Kerr James Killed at 12:00 AM 31 4/8/42 Bataan left leg blown off by dive bomber, age 28. His body was left on the line - 100 yds to R. of road.

Capt. McCorkel "Chick" Killed by a sniper in 28 2/10/42 Bataan the Orion Sector 2/10/42. --- Came over on boat with me. --- Had a wife and 2 children. --- Contact Lt. Eggers to get the address of his wife - none of his property was saved.

Lt. Michelson Henry E. Killed on a patrol at 28 3/20/42 Bataan Pillar Field, Bataan, March 20, 1942 at 12:10 A.M.

Page 62 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. 2nd Lt. Botterill, Jr. William F. CO Denver Died of heat 33 Bataan Death exhaustion. Lt. March Lang saw him fall out, but not dead. Believed to have died - sure within reason. Orinio and Lubon Balanga and Orinio. More than likely Orinio & Lus. Believed to have been shot. Never reached O'Donnel.

Capt. Abney, Jr. Cary M. F.A. TX Marshall 1/28/45 Brazil Lt. Alder Dwayne W. F.A. UT Nuduale 5 1/24/45 Brazil Lt. Austin Thomas U. F.A. TX Marshall 20 1//28/45 Brazil Capt. Barker Robert A. IL Springfield Regular Army, anti- 6 1/17/45 Brazil tank co. Col. Daly Maurice F. AC CT Hartford 10 1/21/45 Brazil Capt. Durie A. E. TX Houston A French boy: met 24 1/20/45 Brazil on boat card. Rich. Mos--- Capt. Fink Hugh H. F.A. TX El Paso 13 1/25/45 Brazil 1st. Lt. Hausmann Carl W. NJ Weehauwken Catholic Priest 1//25/45 Brazil Capt. Laragay Edwin J. DDS NP Patterson Dental Officer in 12 1/23/45 Brazil #30

Page 63 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Lt. Col. Lewis John L. F.A. AR Lake Village 21 1/28/45 Brazil Capt. Perrenot Travis E. F.A. TX San Antonio 12 1/22/45 Brazil Capt. Sadler James E. NM Santa Fe 5 1/16/45 Brazil Capt. Van der Heiden Joseph G. NB Nebraska City Priest 21 1/20/45 Brazil 2nd Lt. Jones Paul P. A.C. TX Austin Married. Just 29 1/4/43 Cabanatuan before leaving died of Malaria & dysentary. Texas Univ. Graduate. 2nd Lt. Muse, Class of John W. A.C. TX Dallas Died at 30 7/25/42 Cabanatuan 1940 Cabanatuan C.C. on July 25, 1942. died of celeberal Malaria.

Page 64 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Capt. White Harry E. MS Florence Died at 32 Cabanatuan Cabanatuan C.C. of wet Beriberi. I was on the detail that took him to the hospital (call it a hospital if you like. It was a hell hole if I ever saw one!)The primary cause of his death was malnutrition. He starved to death; Malaria and Disentary were contributory causes.

Lt. Kelsey John W. A.C. NY NY Hit with shrapnel. 19 3/15/45 Camp Moji, At Cabcabanan. Fkuoka #4 Escaped. With me at time Bataan fell - lived.

Page 65 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Cpl. Tenny Leighton P. A.C. TX Marshall Made Corp. 32 5/1/42 Camp O'Donnell 4/11/42. As per Sgt. Fetterman, died about May 12, 1942 at O'Donnell. Buried there. Died of Malaria.

Capt. Byrne Patrick J. A.C. NY Yonkers Got ambushed 14 1/9/45 Enoura (lived) at first of war. 1st Lt. Day Murray M. F.A. NH Temple Prinston Grad. 22 1/9/45 Enoura Slept next to me when I was confined in #2 with Malaria. Took care of me when I was doped up on Quinine.

W/O Dieckman John H. CA 2 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Gamelgaard Irwin W. F.A. WA Seattle 13 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Girsi Edward E. CA San Francisco 3 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Glebis Anthony L. A.C. WI Racine Big Lithuanyan Boy. 11 1/10/45 Enoura

Capt. Hooker Thane H. MI Rochester 4 1/9/45 Enoura Maj. Johnson Lee AG CA San Francisco 15 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Kaster Jack L. A.C. TX El Paso Hit at C. Field 1st 17 12/28/44 Enoura day - lived

Page 66 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Maj. King, Class of John V. AGD TX Bryan 13 1/9/45 Enoura 1922 Lt. Markham, O- Warren H. A.C. CA Long Beach 14 1/9/45 Enoura 385596 2nd Lt. Milligan J. C. A.C. CA Oxnard 28th Bomb Sqd. 22 1/9/45 Enoura Clark Field "Mike" at Davao Colony. Saw Mill-10 days for a paper.

W/O Moore Charles A.C. NM Albuqurque 11 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Myers Gordon R WI Racine 1 1/13/45 Enoura Capt. O'Neal Norris AR Hope 26 1/13/45 Enoura Maj. Pettit, Jr. R. C. F.A. NY Lynbrook New York City Fire 9 1/9/45 Enoura Chief. Lt. Rathblott Irving QMC PA Philadelphia 10 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Smarr Lawrence K. F.A. MO Columbia 8 1/9/45 Enoura Maj. Sneed Charles R. A.C. TX Hamilton Bill Lane's friend c 1/9/45 Enoura Capt. Stober Henry B. OH Cincinnati Chaplin 16 1/5/45 Enoura 1st Lt. Tucker Chester H. f 1/13/45 Enoura Lt. Col. Van Nostrand William S. Cav. d 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Col. Woodbridge John P. F.A. TX San Antonio c 1/9/45 Enoura Lt. Col. Thorp Claude A. C.A. Was with Hardwick 25 9/30/43 Executed when killed.

2d. Lt. Preston Everett R. KY Burg e 4/21/45 Fuk-01B-Main Capt. Bovee Frank W. C.A. MI Lansing 10 2/18/45 Fuk-01-Main Lt. Kennady, Jr., Marshall H. TX Ft. Worth Tanks 12 2/19/45 Fuk-01-Main Class of 1940

Page 67 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Capt. Schroeder Karl W. KS Hials Boro Going to Tex. U. 6 2/11/45 Fuk-01-Main Law School. Capt. Wright Harold B. C.A. OK Tallant 17 2/8/45 Fuk-01-Main Capt. Sherman Frederick S. NM Deming 4 2/8/45 Fuk-03-Yawata

Capt. Sherman Raymond G. WS Ironton c 2/21/45 Fuk-03-Yawata

Capt. Beall John F. TX Farwell C515th, O-40593 22 2/8/45 Fuk-17-Omuta

2d. Lt. Kelso Walter H. A.C. TX Galveston d 3/4/45 Fukuoka Camp 1 Maj. Scholes Robert D. Inf. CA San Francisco Lawyer 8 2/11/45 Fukuoka Camp 1; was yes Maru

Capt. Brundrett, Class George C. TX Wichita Falls 25 7/4/45 Jinsen Korea of 1933 (Inchon) Capt. Jimerson H. A. AZ Tuscon 9 2/4/45 Kokura Mil. Hosp. Maj. Luetzel William P. QMC MI Berkley 18 2/16/45 Kokura Mil. Hosp. Lt. Haslett Hugh J. A.C. ND Grand Forks 17 Date not Location not shown shown Maj. Batson, Jr. Howard M. F.A, WV Mannington e 1/30/45 Moji Hosp 1st Lt. Lloyd Tony B. C.A. WA Waitsburg My room mate on 2 Not shown Nagoya Sub boat Camp #2 Lt. Sherman Hyman V. QMC CA Los Angeles 10 12/23/44 On ship from Olongapo to San Fernando, P.I.

Page 68 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Lt. Redfield Martin E. F.A. FL Orlando 8 12/27/44 On ship from Olongapo to SanFernando, P.I. Lt. Col. Compton Irving TX Mineral Wells 21 12/15/44 Oryoku Lt. Goodman Shields Navy KY Louisville d 12/15/44 Oryoku Maj. O'Brion K. J. A.C. CA San Francisco 10 12/15/44 Oryoku Maj. Shearn III Charles P. TX Houston 21 12/15/44 Oryoku Maj. Powell, Jr. T. N. C.E. GA Macon 17 12/15/44 Oryoku His father was on the same ship and was killed the same day.

Capt. Bartholomees Louis CO Denver 13 12/15/44 Oryoku Lt. Eggers Earl D. A.C. ID Caldwell Gave me the data 20 12/15/44 Oryoku on Corp. L. Tenny.

Maj. Miller Charles W. A.C. OK Sapula 15 12/14/44 Oryoku Maj. Snyder Campbell H. LA Elm Grove e 12/15/44 Oryoku Lt. Cannon, Jr. Charles M. A.C. FL Tampa Knew Tom Abney 18 1/12/43 Osaka

Page 69 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Lt. Cooke James H. A.C. VT Burlington One of the Lts. 3 6/18/43 Osaka With me when we charged to reestablish__ P.L AR in Orion Sector March 13, 1942 10:00 A.M. Lt. Danca Richard E. IL Forest Park 2 11/13/42 Philippines 1st Sgt. Dawson Samuel J. My 1st Sgt. Hq. and 32 MIA 4/27/42 Philippines Hq. Sqdn. 4th Comp. Gp. Clark Field, Pampanga, P.I. Lost in evacuaton of Clark Field. Not seen on Bataan. Parents live in Ft. Worth. Has a mother and step father.

Capt. Hill Edward L. WA Seattle Druggist in No. 36; 4 12/7/42 Philippines sick as hell; was to marry Army Nurse.

Lt. Monteith Charles F. F.A. KS Hoxie 13 11/18/42 Philippines 2nd Lt. Bandy Kenneth A A.C. TX Gainesville Ruben's friend c 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Bewley Edward N. CA Los Altos e 9/7/44 Shinyo 1st. Lt. Chenault, Class of Maxey C. A.C. TX Snyder 22 9/7/44 Shinyo 1937

Page 70 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Pvt. Cleveland James A. TX Carthage 698 Ord. e 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Comuntzis John N. A.C. WV Fairmont 14 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Crowl Gordon S. OH Columbus Botony Dept, Ohio 7 9/7/44 Shinyo State Capt. Finigan Charles R. MT St. Paul e 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Forsythe John Royden MD Baltimore 3 9/7/44 Shinyo 1st Lt. Franks Perry L. MI Melford 21 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Froebel, Class of Gus H. TX San Antonio 8 9/7/44 Shinyo 1935 2d. Lt. Goyne Leonard O. TX Ft. Worth d 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Haile, II Ernest S. C.A. Cuba Havana 13 9/7/44 Shinyo 2d. Lt. Harris Richard E. e 9/7/44 Shinyo Maj. Heidger Luther C. M.C. CT Bridgport 25 9/7/44 Shinyo 1st Lt. Jenks Leonard C. B. A.C. OK Oklahoma City 17 9/7/44 Shinyo

Lt. McCown Johnny A.C. TX Grandview 15 9/7/44 Shinyo Ens. Miller George H. USNR CA San Francisco e 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Miller, Class of Ross I. TX Bryan e 9/7/44 Shinyo 1939 2nd Lt. Nicol James C. A.C. TX Ft. Worth F.B.I. Agent c 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Col. Roberts R. F. AL Myrtlewood f 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Col. Rogers, Class of Rufus H. TX Del Rio Texas A&M 26 9/7/44 Shinyo 1926 graduate. Has 1 of the copies of codicil to will. 2nd Lt. Taylor, Jr. William M A.C. TX Corsicana Architect c 9/7/44 Shinyo Lt. Ulak Bruno S. Ord. NJ Camden 19 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Wetsel Kenneth F. Inf. CA San Francisco 16 9/7/44 Shinyo Capt. Frank Legrand C. QMC UT Salt Lake City Bishop in Morman 18 2/19/43 Tanaga Church

Page 71 EXHIBIT "E" Location and Dates of Death of Men Listed in Notebook kept by Captain Cary M. Abney, Jr. Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon. Capt. Dixon, Jr. Wiley Lee KY Henderson Regular Army, Inf. 7 1/2/43 Zentsuji Camp

Capt. Schwass Ruben H. Tank Off. IL Melrose Park Tank Officer, a 1 4/6/43 Zentsuji Camp Dutchman.

Information as to death and liberation obtained from The National Archives, World War II Prisoners of War Data File, 12/7/1941 - 11/19/1946, World War II Prisoners of the Japanese Data Files, created 4/2005 - 10/2007, documenting the period ca. 1941 - ca 1945, and Davao Penal Colony #502(DEPOCOL) Primary Camp Roster based on NARA Card Files(many are incorrectly listed and/or omitted).

The Arisan Maru, Brazil Maru, Enoura Maru, Oryoku Maru, and Shinyo Maru were freighters on which prisoners were transported from camps in the Philippines to Japan and other locations. Captain Abney was on the Oryoku when it was sunk in Subic Bay, then loaded on the Enoura and after it was sunk he and the other survivors were loaded on the Brazil Maru.

Page 72 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Rank Last Name First Name Middle Branch State City Notes Page Liberated at Init. Maj. Braun Albert W. Chaplin NM Mescalero 26 Bilibid Capt. Bank Bert A.C. AL Tusculoosa 18 Cabanatuan (Bertram) Maj. Hill Robert Eng. Manila, P.I. Philippine Army 1 Cabanatuan T/Sgt Peterson William QMC NY Long Island 20 Cabanatuan Capt. Miller Robert N. NH Littleton 3 Cabanatuan or Bilibid Capt. Sanders Chester QMC DC Washington 27 Cabanatuan or Bilibid Capt. Amos Frederick C. MO Kansas City Architect e Davao 2d. Lt. Arnold Igor S. Inf. Berkley Russian Boy. Was 24 Davao in Islands before war. Tall & had unusual voice, Inf. In Phil. Army.

Capt. Bigger Theodore C. A.C. SC York 14 Davao Lt. Costigan Harold E. MO Grain Valley Tanks 9 Davao Fuerte Eligio E. Sambales, San This Filipino has 24 Davao Narcisco, P.I. given me food at a time when I needed it the worst! If I do not return he should be rewarded. I think a suit and new shoes would do.

Page 73 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Lt. Col. Greathouse Albert T. Inf. WA Seattle f Davao Lt. Col. Hardee David L. Inf. NC Durham 12 Davao Civilian Hornstein Max Switzer St. Gall Interned with us at c Davao land Davao Penal Colony. S/Sgt. Walther Frederick C. A.C. UT North Provo c Davao Lt. Col. McGee John H. WI Plymouth 26 Escaped Capt. Berry Frederick L. NV Burlingame 22 Fukuoka Camp 1 Lt. Chalek William D. A.C. IL Chicago 18 Fukuoka Camp 1 Maj. Hicker Eugene S. ID Burley 26 Fukuoka Camp 1 Maj. Lester John E. Ord. TX Dallas f Fukuoka Camp 1 Capt. Lucas Marvin H. F.A. NM Albuqurque 19 Fukuoka Camp 1 Capt. Price Roscoe Inf. CO LaSalle 7 Fukuoka Camp 1 Capt. Revak, Class of Joseph A. Ord. TX Beaumont 6 Fukuoka 1930 Camp 1 Sgt. Schulman Samuel S. A.C. MD 37 Fukuoka Camp 1 Capt. Skarda Cash T. NM Cloves Law student at 4 Fukuoka Washing Lee Camp 1 University. Maj. Van Oosten A. J. IL Addison Born in Holland 1 Fukuoka Camp 1

Page 74 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Pvt. Ayers Billy A. A.C. TX Marshall 20 Fukuoka Camp per Marshall News Messenger Capt. Browne Albert IA Council Bluff Dental Officer at 1 Japan Stotsenburg 2nd Lt. Berry Gleneth B. OK Granite f Korea Lt. Coleman Lloyd A. A.C. MS Doddsville 11 Korea Capt. Derrick Ralph R. P.I. Manila 4 Korea Lt. Goodpasture, Jr. John A. VA Briston 10 Korea

Maj. Irons Arthur L. WA Seattle Dentist at 10 Korea Stotsenburg. Capt. Junker, Jr. Edward NM Tohatchi d Korea Capt. Lawton Marion R. SC Garnett Col. Irwing's exec. d Korea

1st Lt. Lyon Julian V. NC Creedmoor f Korea Capt. Whittenburg Floyd E. Ord. CA Riverside 2 Korea Lt. Akins William T. A.C. TX Also knew John 19 Location not Abney. shown Grandfather in "pen." Lt. Beyer Daniel J. WI Milwaukee 12 Location not shown Capt. Burson C. E. DDS CO Denver Dentist with 200th 15 Location not shown Lt. Col. Cain Memory H. F.A. NM Deming 21 Location not shown

Page 75 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Corp. Goolsby Clyde OK Stilwater Wounded on Limay- 31 Location not Lamao line in shown Alanga R. Sector.

Col. Laughinghouse N. R. Location not shown Capt. Martin Brice J. Inf. TX Houston 11 Location not shown Capt. O'Toole John H. C.A. OK Tulsa Met him on boat 24 Location not going to Davao. shown Had a bad case of Beri Beri. Pvt. Shewmaker Reid Inf. KY Harrodsburg f Location not shown Capt. Underwood Charles C. TX Amarillo 5 Location not shown PFC Van Diggele Zacharias Dutch Alphen a/d f Location not Marines Run, shown Hoofdstraat 256, Zuid Holland S/Sgt. Britt Ellis T. A.C. CT 37 Manchuria S/Sgt. Downing Carl E. TX Hilsboro Had known John 19 Manchuria Abney at Hilsboro, Tex. 1st Lt. Owen Romaine W. KY Ft. Thomas f Manchuria Capt. Bleich Lamoyne C. M.C. NY Buffalo 15 Osaka Capt. Bond Dow G. NM Taos 19 Osaka

Page 76 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Lt. Boyt Eugene P. Eng. MO Rolla Living with me 16 Osaka when the Japanese blew our house to hell - killing 6 of the occupants.

Lt Broadwater Robert J. F.A. OR Corvallis 13 Osaka 1st Sgt. Coleman Charles C. WV Hurricane 14 Osaka Lt. Evans, Class of Robley D. F.A. TX Vernon 7 Osaka 1940 Lt. Geer Paul AC & F.A. OK Oklahoma City 9 Osaka

Cpl. Harrold Abner A.C. OK Edmonton f Osaka Lt. Hilley Arthur G. A.C. TX Sidney 11 Osaka Cpl. Jensen D. D. A.C. WI Racine 23 Osaka Lt. Johnson Russell B. A.C. OK Smithville 3 Osaka Lt. LaBoon Fred P. QMC OK Oklahoma City 21 Osaka

Lt. Lancanster, Jr. Ollie A.C. FL Daytona 18 Osaka Beach Capt. Parker James Y. A.C. TX Tyler 14 Osaka 1st Lt. Powell James P. A.C. MA Cambridge 17 Osaka Lt. Rice Glenn A.C. TX Denton 14 Osaka Lt. Walcher Bruce QMC IL Witt 18 Osaka Capt. Weikel Ivan W. Ord. OR Corvallis 5 Osaka Capt. Yeager Frederick J. DC Washington 6 Osaka Capt. Knapp Raymond H. QMC TX San Antonio 2 Philippines Capt. Robinson Donald W. M.C. ND Garrison 15 Philippines Maj. Wolfe Albert C. Inf. Wisc Plainfield 11 Philippines

Page 77 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Lt. Donlon, Jr. James D. F.A. CA Antioch 5 Survived Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Maj. Fischer, Class of Harry O. Eng. TX San Antonio 14 Survived 1929 Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Lt. Morrett John J. OH Springfield 10 Survived Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Lt. Russell, Class of Roy D. TX Ft. Worth "Frogie" 26 Survived 1942 Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Lt. Steinhouser, Jr. Charles A. OR Seattle 9 Survived Shinyo, rescued by Narhal Capt. Saldivar Julian L. M.C. TX Austin Treated me after I 6 Tokyo was hit on Alongo R. Front. Brinkmeyer J. E. TX Dallas f Tokyo Capt. D'Amore Adanto A. S. M.C. OH Youngstown O-21037 c Tokyo Capt. Day Roy W. M.C. CA Oakdale 7 Tokyo

Page 78 EXHIBIT "F" List of Men who Escaped or were Rescued or Liberated Names of Texas Aggies are in Maroon.

Maj. Jackson Calvin G. M.C. OH Kenton Took care of me in 23 Tokyo # 2 when I had malaria. Mr. Jackson was responsible for getting me medicine for my throat ailment - quite a relief! Capt. Ushakoff M. M. A.C. WA Seattle Former Russian 15 Tokyo Officer. Capt. Zimmerman Leslie F. WA Seattle 19 Tokyo

Information as to death and liberation obtained from The National Archives, World War II Prisoners of War Data File, 12/7/1941 - 11/19/1946, World War II Prisoners of the Japanese Data Files, created 4/2005 - 10/2007, documenting the period ca. 1941 - ca 1945, and Davao Penal Colony #502(DEPOCOL) Primary Camp Roster based on NARA Card Files(many are incorrectly listed and/or omitted).

The Arisan Maru, Brazil Maru, Enoura Maru, Oryoku Maru, and Shinyo Maru were freighters on which prisoners were transported from camps in the Philippines to Japan and other locations. Abney was on the Oryoku when it was sunk in Subic Bay, then loaded on the Enoura and after it was sunk he and the other survivors were loaded on the Brazil Maru.

NOTE: In the absence of other information, the place of liberation is the last location of a POW shown in the NARA records and is not in all cases the place where the individual was actually liberated. For example, NARA lists Captain Robert N. Miller and Captain Chester Sanders at Cabanatuan but they are not listed in the Canabatuan Liberation Roster and Captain Sanders was at Bilibid as late as December 13, 1944.

Page 79

IMAGES OF ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS

Letter dated December 17, 1942, from War Department notifying Cary M. Abney, Sr. his son was a prisoner of war.

Postcards sent by Captain Abney from Davao Penal Colony to his father, mother, and his aunt, Mrs. M. M. O’Bannion.

Telegram dated July 24, 1945, to Cary M. Abney, Sr. Captain Abney was killed in action December 15, 1944.

Letter dated July 24, 1945, from the War Department dated July 24, 1945, to Cary M. Abney, Sr.

Letter dated September 19, 1945, from the War Department to Winston Taylor with which Captain Abney’s Notebook was enclosed.

Letter dated January 22, 1946, from Eligio Fuerte to Cary M. Abney, Sr.

Letter dated January 12, 1948, from the Department of the Army to Cary M. Abney, Sr. stating Captain Abney survived the bombing of the Oryoku Maru December 15, 1944, was transferred to the Enoura Maru which was bombed January 9, 1945 in Takao Harbor, Formosa, was then placed on the Brazil Maru and died January 28 between Formosa and Japan.

Captain Abney’s Notebook.

Captain Abney’s Notes folded and placed in Notebook.

81