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Dokument1 ______SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS / SmPC
1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION 1 g cream contains 1 mg adapalene Excipients with known effect: 2 mg methylparahydroxybenzoate, 1 mg propylparahydroxybenzoate.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Cream White cream
4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic indications Topical facial treatment of acne vulgaris where comedones predominate and papules and pustules are present.
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Before application of
Clinical improvement is seen within a time period of 4 to 8 weeks and continues during further treatment. Sufficient clinical experience is available for up to a 12 week treatment period. The duration of treatment is decided by the doctor depending on the clinical picture.
With patients for whom it was necessary to temporarily discontinue treatment or reduce frequency of application, therapy may be resumed or the frequency of application may be restored when the reasons for previously mentioned measures no longer apply.
Paediatric population The safety and efficacy of
4.3 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
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4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use For external use only. If a reaction suggesting sensitivity or severe irritation occurs, use of the medication should be discontinued. If the degree of local irritation warrants, the patient should be directed to use the medication less frequently, to discontinue use temporarily until symptoms subside or to discontinue use altogether. Frequency of application may be restored or therapy resumed once it is judged that the patient can again tolerate the treatment.
Patients should be informed that an increase in the frequency of use (more than twice daily) will not improve the therapeutic effect but will increase skin erythema and skin exfoliation. These symptoms are reversible.
Exposure to sunlight and artificial UV irradiation, including sunlamps, should be minimized during use of adapalene. Use of sunscreen products and protective clothing over treated areas is recommended when exposure cannot be avoided.
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction Absorption of adapalene through human skin is low, and therefore interaction with systemic medications is unlikely. Adapalene is essentially stable to oxygen and light and is chemically non-reactive.
Cutaneous antiacne treatments such as erythromycin (up to 4%) or clindamycin phosphate (1% as the base) solutions or benzoyl peroxide water based gels (up to 10%) may be used in the morning when
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4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation Pregnancy Animal studies by the oral route have shown reproductive toxicity at high systemic exposure (see section 5.3). Clinical experience with locally applied adapalene in pregnancy is limited but the few available data do not indicate harmful effects on early pregnancy or on the health of the foetus. Due to the limited available data and because a very weak cutaneous passage of adapalene is possible, adapalene should not be used during pregnancy. In case of unexpected pregnancy, treatment should be discontinued. Lactation No study on animal or human milk transfer was conducted after cutaneous application of adapalene. No effects on the suckling child are anticipated since the systemic exposure of the breast- feeding woman to adapalene is negligible. Adapalene can be used during breastfeeding. To avoid contact exposure of the infant, application of adapalene to the chest should be avoided when used during breast-feeding.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines Adapalene has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.
4.8 Undesirable effects
System organ Frequency Adverse Drug Reaction class Skin and Common (≥1/100 Dry skin, skin irritation, skin burning sensation, subcutaneous to <1/10) erythema tissue disorders Uncommon Contact dermatitis, skin discomfort, sunburn, (≥1/1000 to pruritus, skin exfoliation, acne <1/100) Rare (≥1/10,000 to Pain of skin, skin swelling, <1/1000) Not known (cannot be estimated from Hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation the available data)* Eye disorder Rare (≥1/10,000 to Eyelid irritation, eyelid erythema, eyelid <1/1000) pruritus, eyelid swelling Text draft from 26.08.2015
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*Post marketing surveillance data In the case of moderate side effects, the frequency of use of
Methyl parahydroxybenzoate and Propyl parahydroxybenzoate may cause allergic reactions (possibly delayed).
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national reporting system listed in Appendix V.
4.9 Overdose
Adapalene products are not to be taken orally and are for cutaneous use only. If the medication is applied excessively, no more rapid or better results will be obtained and marked redness, peeling or discomfort may occur.
Following accidental contact of
The acute oral dose of
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties Pharmacotherapeutic group: Anti-acne preparations for topical use, retinoids for topical use in acne ATC code: D10 AD03 Adapalene is an effective, chemically stable, retinoid-like compound with additional anti- inflammatory properties. Adapalene binds like tretinoin to specific nuclear receptors but, unlike tretinoin, not to cytosolic receptor binding proteins which are located outside of the nucleus.
Adapalene applied cutaneously is comedolytic in an experimental acne-animal model (rhino-mouse). The rhino-mouse is characterized through occurrence of numerous comedoyltic-similar structures in the skin.
Adapalene also has effects on the abnormal processes of epidermal keratinisation and differentiation, both of which play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The mode of action of adapalene is suggested to be a normalisation of differentiation of follicular epithelial cells resulting in decreased microcomedone formation.
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Adapalene is more anti-inflammatory than reference retinoids (tretinoin, isotretinoin, etretinate) in standard anti-inflammatory assays, both in vivo (arachidonic acid-induced ear oedema/mouse; croton oil-induced ear oedema/rat) and in vitro. Mechanistically, it inhibits directional (chemotactic) and nondirectional (chemokinetic) responses of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes to inflammatory chemical stimuli, and also inhibits the metabolism by lipoxidation of arachidonic acid with the formation of inflammatory mediators.
Adapalene differs pharmacologically from most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (for example Naproxen) and also from tretinoin which are either ineffective or only weakly effective in models of inflammation.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties Systemic absorption of adapalene through human skin is low following application of either a cream-formulation or a similar watery gel with 0.1 % adapalene. In clinical trials measurable plasma adapalene levels were not found following repeated cutaneous application with an analytical sensitivity of 0.15 ng/ml. Small amounts (a maximum of 0.06 % of the applied amount) were found in urine or faeces.
The main stages of metabolism have been tentatively identified as being mainly by O- demethylation, hydroxylation and conjugation. Adapalene is excreted primarily by the biliary route.
5.3 Preclinical safety data
Large oral doses of adapalene produced no adverse neurological, cardiovascular or respiratory effects in animals.
Adapalene is not mutagenic. Lifetime studies with adapalene have been completed in mice at cutaneous doses of 0.4, 1.3 and 4.0 mg/kg/day and in rats at oral doses of 0.15, 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg/day. The only significant finding was a statistically significant increase of benign phaeochromocytomas of the adrenal medulla among male rats. These changes are unlikely to be of relevance to the cutaneous use of adapalene.
No teratogenic effects were seen in rats at oral doses of adapalene 0.15 to 5.0 mg/kg/day, up to 120 times the maximal daily human topical dose. Cutaneous route teratology studies conducted in rats and rabbits at doses of 0.6, 2.0, and 6.0 mg/kg/day, up to 150 times the maximal daily human topical dose exhibited no fetotoxicity and only minimal increases in supernumerary ribs in rats.
A phototoxic or photoallergenic potential for adapalene could not be established either in validated animal experiments or special clinical studies.
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6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS 6.1 List of excipients Carbomer, Cyclomethicone, Glycerol, Methyl glucose sesquistearate, Disodium edetate, Sodium hydroxide, Methyl parahydroxybenzoate, Phenoxyethanol, PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, Propyl parahydroxybenzoate, Squalane, Purified water.
6.2 Incompatibilities Not applicable.
6.3 Shelf life 3 years. The cream can be used for 6 months after first opening.
6.4 Special precautions for storage This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions until first opening. After first opening: Store below 25 °C.
6.5 Nature and contents of container Aluminium tube with 30 g cream.
6.6 Special precautions for disposal No special requirements.
7. MARKETING AUTHORIZATION HOLDER <[To be completed nationally]>
8. MARKETING AUTHORIZATION NUMBER <[To be completed nationally]>
9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORIZATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION <[To be completed nationally]>
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10. DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT <[To be completed nationally]>